高考英语二轮复习语法提能专训2冠词

提能专训(二)Ⅰ.单句语法填空(冠词)1．In the rice-growing world, ________ Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is ________ leading figure.答案：the; a解析：考查冠词。

句意：在水稻种植领域，中国科学家袁隆平是一位领军人物。

单数名词scientist后面有特定人名作同位语，因此表示特指，第一空应用定冠词the；单数名词figure前加不定冠词，表示泛指，第二空应填不定冠词。

2．All of life is ________ act of letting go, but what hurts the most is not taking ________ moment to say goodbye.答案：an; a解析：考查冠词。

句意：人生就是要放手，然而最令人痛心的是，我们来不及说一声再见。

第一空，act后有定语修饰，表示“放手的行为”，此时act为可数名词且发音以元音音素开头，其前应加不定冠词an；第二空，take a moment to do sth.表示“花点时间做某事”。

3．The result was out of his expectation. Harry looked at the medal in ________surprise without saying________ word.答案：/; a解析：考查冠词。

句意：这个结果出乎哈里的意料。

他惊讶地看着奖牌，什么话也没说。

第一空，固定短语in surprise表示“惊讶地”；第二空，单数可数名词word前加a表示“一句话”。

4．We would often go for ________ drive with some friends at that time，purely for ________ fun.答案：a; /解析：考查冠词。

笫一空，go for a drive表示“开车去兜风”，为固定搭配；第二空，for fun“为了好玩”，为固定搭配。

5．—Have you heard that Li Yapeng and Faye Wong divorced?—Yes, ________ news came as ________ shock to me.答案：the; a解析：考查冠词。

第一空，特指上面提到的王菲和李亚鹏离婚的这件事，故用定冠词the；第二空，此处是抽象名词具体化，表示“一件令人震惊的事情”，用不定冠词a。

6．Jack thought that he had ________ gift for telling directions, so he didn't take ________ compass with him on his weekend hike.答案：a; a解析：考查冠词。

句意：杰克认为他有辨别方向的天赋，所以在周末的徒步旅行中，他没有带指南针。

have a gift for意为“对……有天赋”；compass是可数名词，所以前面需加不定冠词a。

7．—How do you find the guy who took ________ office last week?—He's always finding ________fault with others.答案：/; /解析：考查冠词。

句意：——你觉得上周就职的那个人怎么样？——他总是找别人的茬。

take office“就职”，find fault with sb.“找某人的茬”，两者均为固定短语，故两个空均不填冠词。

8．—What do you think we should do when ________ earthquake happens?—In my opinion, go to ________ open space away from buildings or trees.答案：an; an解析：考查冠词。

“________ earthquake表示“一场地震”，因此第一空用不定冠词an；space在此处表示“空地”，其前有形容词修饰，且表示泛指意义，所以第二空也用不定冠词an。

9．What I need is ________ book that contains ________ ABC of oil painting.答案：a; the解析：句意：我所需要的是一本含有油画基础知识的书。

第一个空表泛指，应用不定冠词；第二个空后有of oil painting修饰，表特指，应用定冠词。

10．Being able to afford ________ drink would be ________ comfort in those tough times.答案：a; a解析：考查冠词。

句意：在那些艰难的时期，能够买得起一杯酒会是一件欣慰的事。

drink此处是可数名词，意为“(饮料，尤指酒的)一杯，一口”，a drink表示泛指，而不是特指，不能用the；a comfort 此处是抽象名词具体化的用法，指具体的一件令人欣慰的事情。

11．We are said to be living in ________ Information Age, ________ time of new discoveries and great changes.答案：the; a解析：考查冠词。

句意：据说我们生活在信息时代，一个新发现和伟大的改变发生的时代。

第一个空是普通名词构成的专有名词，前面要加定冠词the；第二个空为抽象名词具体化，表示“一个……的时代”，应填不定冠词a。

12．In ________ most countries, a university degree can give you________ flying start in life.答案：/; a解析：句意：在大多数国家中，大学学位能给你一个人生快速发展的美好开始。

第一个空，泛指大多数国家。

故不填冠词；第二个空后的start在此处为可数名词，应用a修饰。

13．Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and ________ break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.答案：a; a解析：four and a half hours四个半小时，固定搭配；第二个空a break表示休息一次。

14．He missed ________ gold in the high jump, but will get ________ second chance in the long jump.答案：the; a解析：考查冠词。

句意：他在跳高比赛中没有赢得金牌，但是，在跳远比赛中他还有(获得金牌的)机会。

gold在表示“金子、黄金”时，是物质名词，不可数，但是表示“金牌”时，为可数名词。

第一个空表示的是大家都知道的跳高比赛中的那块金牌，所以用the；第二个空用a second表示“又一，再一”。

15．India attained ________independence in 1947, after________long struggle.答案：/; a解析：句意：印度经过长期斗争后，在1947年获得了独立。

因为independence是抽象名词，在本句表泛指，故前面用零冠词；struggle为可数名词，在本句中表示泛指，故第二个空格Ⅱ.阅读理解(科普研究类＋人物故事类)A(2014·东北三校高三联考)Some colors people see late at night could cause signs of clinical depression. That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that individuals who live or work in low levels of light overnight can develop clinical depression. Doctors use the word “clinical depression” to describe severe form of depressi on. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.In the new study, American investigators designed an experiment that exposed hamsters(仓鼠) to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal, which means they sleep during the day and are active at night.The animals were separated into four groups. One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their night-time period. Another group was placed in front of a blue light, a third group slept in front of a white light, while a fourth was put in front of a red light.After four weeks, the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the most depressed animals drank the least amount of water.Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University. He says animals that slept in the blue light and white light appeared to be the most depressed. “What we saw is that these animals didn't show any sleep uneasiness at all but they did mess up biological clock genes and they did show depressive sign, while if they were in the dim red light, they did not. ”Randy Nelson notes that photosensitive (感光的) cells in the eyes have little to do with eyesight. He says these cells send signals to the area of the brain that controls what has been called the natural sleep-wake cycle.He says there's a lot of blue in the white light. This explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing the red light or darkness.1. Researchers use hamsters in the experiment because ________.A. they are similar to humans in dealing with colorsB. they are easy to observe and studyC. they are sensitive to colors like human beingsD. they are active at night and sleep during the day2. What sign shows that the hamsters are depressed?A. They drink less sugary water.B. They don't sleep well.C. Their eyesight becomes worse.D. Their energy level becomes low.3. ________ tends to cause hamsters to be depressed.A. A dim lightB. A red lightC. A blue lightD. Darkness4. What can help people who work late at night to avoid being depressed?A. Not being exposed to a dim red light when using computers.B. Equipping their computer screen to put it more in a reddish light.C. Living or working in low levels of light overnight.D. Going to see doctors of clinical depression regularly for help.答案：【语篇解读】这是一篇科普文。