(整理)化工管道设计技术词汇
化工管道设计技术词汇
化工管道设计技术词汇化工管道设计技术词汇是指在化工管道工程中用到的各种术语、技术参数、具体数据等。
在化工管道工程设计中，各种技术参数的把握和设计方案的选择是非常重要的。
因此，掌握化工管道设计技术词汇对于化工管道工程师来说是十分必要的。
一、管道材质管道的材质是化工管道设计中非常重要的必要条件。
不同的化学物质的化学性质是不同的，所以材质的选择应根据所输送流体的性质和管道管路的环境条件来确定。
1、钢管：钢管在化工工业中是最常使用的管道材料之一，其主要优点是强度高、耐腐蚀性好。
如果是低压管道，可以使用普通碳钢或低合金钢制管，而在中高压、高温以及腐蚀性介质中，需要使用耐腐蚀钢；2、不锈钢管：不锈钢管是化工管道设计技术中另一种重要的管道材料，具有无需防护、表面美观、抗腐蚀性强等特点，非常适用于食品、化工、制药等行业管道的运输;3、塑料管：塑料管在化工工业的应用也很广泛，其主要优点是重量轻、耐化学腐蚀、易安装等，但对于高温、高压等条件的适用性相对较差。
二、管道类型管道类型是化工管道设计的主要分类依据，它包括了传统的金属管道、非金属管道和复合管道。
1、金属管道：金属管道可分为无缝管和焊接管，无缝钢管可以质量稳定，同样规格的无缝钢管因其厚薄不一所以压力也是有区别的。
而焊接管可达到DN2500，而无缝管的最大支持度只能达到DN1200。
2、不锈钢管道：不锈钢管道是一种新兴的管道材料，在化学工业生产中应用广泛。
这种管道材料具有耐腐蚀、易清洁、不受一切物理化学作用的特点。
根据不同的加工方式不锈钢管分为定尺板卷不锈钢管和同心管。
3、复合管道：复合管道就是将两种或多种不同管材材料进行复合并卷制成管壳，然后向管壳内部填充一定数量的填充物所制成的管道。
复合管道的应用越来越多，其组成材料种类不断扩大。
三、管道直径管道直径是指管子的内直径。
管道的直径大小直接影响管道输送流体的速度，管道的材质、工作压力和输送流量也都与管道直径有关。
(完整版)化工常用英语词汇
化工专业英语词汇化学专业课程中英文对照一、化工装置常用词汇一概论 introduction方案(建议书) proposal可行性研究 feasibility study 方案设计 concept design工艺设计 process design基础设计 basic design详细设计 detail design开工会议 kick-off meeting审核会议 review meeting外商投资 foreign investment 中外合资 joint venture中外合营 joint venture补偿贸易 compensation trade 合同合同附件 contract卖方 vendor买方 buyer顾客 client承包商 contractor工程公司 company供应范围 scope of supply生产范围 production scope 生产能力 production capacity 项目 project界区 battery limit装置 plant公用工程 utilities工艺流程图 process flow diagram工艺流程方块图 process block diagram管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument drawing物料及热量平衡图 mass & heat balance diagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图 steam & condensate balance diagram 设备布置图 equipment layout设备表 equipment list成品(产品) product(final product)副产品 by-product原料 raw-material设计基础数据 basic data for design技术数据 technical data数据表 data sheet设计文件 design document设计规定 design regulation现场服务 site service项目变更 project change用户变更 client change消耗定额 consumption quota技术转让 technical transfer技术知识 technical know-howtechnical knowledge技术保证 technical guarantee咨询服务 consultative services技术服务 technical services工作地点 location施工现场 construction field报价 quotation标书 bidding book公司利润 company profit固定价合同 fixed price contract固定单价合同 fixed unit price contract成本加酬金合同 cost plus award fee contract 定金 mobilization银行保证书 bank guarantee letter保留金 retention所得税 income taxes特别承包人税 special contractor's taxes城市和市政税 city and municipal taxes工作手册 work manual工作流程图 work flow diagram质量保证程序 QA/QC procedures采购计划 procurement plan施工计划 construction plan施工进度 construction schedule项目实施计划 project execution plan项目协调程序 project coordination procedure 项目总进度计划 project master schedule设计网络计划 engineering network logic项目质量保证 project quality assurance项目质量控制 project quality control采购 procurement采购周期 procurement period会签 the squad check计算书 calculation sheets询价 inquiry检验 inspection运输 transportation开车 start up / commission验收 inspection & acceptance校核 check审核 review审定 approve版次 version部门 department专业 specialty项目号 project number图号 drawing number目录 contents序言 foreword章 chapter节 section项 itemMR material requisitionSPEC engineering specificationDATA SHEET（技术表） technical data sheetTBA(技术评标） technical bid analysisPDP preliminary design packagePM (项目经理) project managerLDE(专业负责人) lead discipline engineerMRQ(材料询价单) Material requisition for quotationMRP(材料采购单) material requisition for purchaseBEP(基础工程设计包) basic engineering packageP&ID(管道及仪表流程图) piping and instrument drawing(diagram) PFD process flow diagramNNF normally no flowFO failure openFC failure closeC/S/A civil/structure/architectureDDP（详细设计阶段） detail design phase二、工艺流程连续过程 continuous process间歇过程 batch process工艺叙述 process description工艺特点 process feature操作 operation反应 reaction副反应 side reaction絮凝 flocculation浮洗 flotation倾析 decantation催化反应 catalytical reaction萃取 extraction中和 neutralization水解 hydrolysis过滤 filtration干燥 drying还原 reduction氧化 oxidation氢化 hydrogenation分解 decomposition离解 dissociation合成 synthetics吸收 absorption吸附 adsorption解吸 desorption结晶 crystallization溶解 solution调节 modulate控制 control悬浮 suspension循环 circulation再生 regeneration再活化 reactivation沥取 leaching破碎 crushing煅烧 caloination沉降 sedimentation沉淀 precipitation气化 gasification冷冻 refrigeration固化、结晶 solidification 包装 package升华 sublimation燃烧 combustion引烧 ignition蒸馏 distillation碳化 carbonization压缩 compression三、化学物质及特性固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gas化合物 compound混合物 mixture粉 powder片状粉未 flake小粒 granule结晶 crystal乳化物 emulsion氧化物 oxidizing agent还原剂 reducing agent有机物 organic material 真空 vacuum母液 master liquor富液 rich liquor贫液 lean liquor萃出物 extract萃余物 raffinate絮凝剂 flocculants冷冻盐水 brine酸度 acidity浓度 concentration碱度 alkalinity溶解度 solubility凝固点 solidificalion point 沸点 boiling point熔点 melting point蒸发率 evaporation rate 粘度 viscosity吸水的 water absorbent(a) 无水的 anhydrous(a)外观 appearance无色的 colorless(a)透明的 transparent(a)半透明的 translucent密度 density比重 specific gravity催化剂 catalyst燃烧 combustion引燃 ignition自然点 self-ignition temperature可燃气体 combustible gas可燃液体 inflammable liquid易燃液体 volatile liquid爆炸混合物 explosive mixture爆炸性环境 explosive atmosphere(environment) 爆炸极限 explosive concentration limit废水 waste water废液 waste liquid废气 off-gas噪声 noise pollution成分 composition挠度 deflection力和力矩 force and moment弯矩 bending moment应力-应变曲线 stress-strain diagram百分比 percentage环境温度 ambient temperature工作温度 operating设计温度 design temperature(pressure)相对湿度 RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥 sludge杂质 impurity四、化工设备泵 pump轴流泵 axial flow pump真空泵 vacuum pump屏蔽泵 canned pump柱塞泵 plunger pump涡轮泵 turbine pump涡流泵 vortex pump离心泵 centrifugal pump喷射泵 jet pump转子泵 rotary pump管道泵 inline pump双作用往复泵 double action reciprocating pump计量泵 metering pump深井泵 deep well pump齿轮泵 gear pump手摇泵 hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵 screw (spiral) pump潜水泵 submersible pump斜转子泵 inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵 hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵 air-lift-pump轴承 bearing叶轮 impeller虹吸管 siphon高压容器 high pressure vessel焚化炉 incinerator火焰清除器 flame arrester工业炉 furnace烧嘴 burner锅炉 boiler回转窑 rotary kiln加热器 heater电加热器 electric heater 冷却器 cooler冷凝器 condenser换热器 heat exchanger 反应器 reactor蒸馏釜 still搅拌器 agitator混合器 mixer静态混合器 static mixers 管道混合器 line mixers 混合槽 mixing tanks破碎机 crusher磨碎机 grinder研磨机 pulverizer球磨机 ballmill过滤器 filter分离器 separator干燥器 drier翅片 fins烟囱 stack火炬 flare筛子 screen煅烧窑 calciner倾析器 decanter蒸发器 evaporator再沸器 reboiler萃取器 extractor离心机 centrifuger吸附（收）器 adsorber结晶器 crystallizer电解槽 electrolyzer电除尘器 electric precipitator洗涤器 scrubber消石灰器 slaker料仓 bin料斗 hopper加料器 feeder增稠器 thickener澄清器 clarifier分级器 classifier浮洗器 flocculator废液池 sump喷射器 ejector喷头 sprayer成套设备 package unit仪器设备 apparatus附属设备 accessory旋转式压缩机 rotary compressor往复式压缩机 reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机 nash compressor螺杆式压缩机 helical screw compressor离心式压缩机 centrifugal compressor多级压缩机 mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器 fixed bed reactor流化床反应器 fluidized bed reactor管式反应器 tubular reactor列管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔 extraction column板式塔 plate column填料塔 packed column洗涤塔 scrubber吸收塔 absorber冷却塔 cooling tower精馏塔 fractionating tower汽提塔 stripper再生塔 regenerator造粒塔 prill tower塔附件 tower accessories液体分配（布）器 liquid distributor 填料支持板 support plate定距管 spacer降液管 downcomer升气管 chimney顶(底)层塔盘 top (bottom) tray挡板 baffle抽出口 draw nozzle溢流堰 weir泡罩 bubble cap筛板 sieve plate浮阀 float valve除沫器 demister pad塔裙座 skirt椭圆封头 elliptical head高位槽 head tank中间槽 intermediate tank加料槽 feed tank补给槽 make-up tank计量槽 measuring tank电解槽 cell溜槽 chute收集槽 collecting tank液滴分离器 knockout drum稀释罐 thinning tank缓冲罐 surge drum回流罐 reflux drum闪蒸罐 flash drum浮顶罐 floating roof tank内浮顶罐 covered floating roof tank球罐 spheroid气柜 gas holder湿式气柜 wet gas-holder干式气柜 dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜 helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀 rotary valve抽滤器 mutche filter压滤器 filter press压滤机 pressure filter板框压滤器 plate-and-fram filter press转鼓过滤器 rotary drum filter带式过滤器 belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器 bag filter旋风分离器 cyclone separator盘式干燥箱 compartment tray drier真空干燥器 vacuum drier隧道式干燥器 tunnel drier回转干燥器 rotary drier穿流循环干燥器 through circulation drier喷雾干燥器 spray drier气流干燥器 pneumatic conveyor drier 圆盘式加料器 dish feeder螺旋式加料器 screw feeder颚式破碎机 jaw crusher回转破碎机 gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机 roll crusher锤式破碎机 hammer crusher冲击破碎机 rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机 jet pulverizer棍磨机 rod mill雷蒙机 raymond mill锤磨机 hammer mill辊磨机 roller mill振动筛 vibrating screen回转筛 rotary screen风机 fan罗茨鼓风机 root's blower起重机 crane桥式起重机 bridge crane电动葫芦 motor hoist发电机 generator电动机 motor汽轮机 steam turbine五、管道工程 piping engineering1 阀门 valve阀杆 stem内螺纹阀杆 inside screw阀座 valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈 sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim阀盘 disc阀体 body阀盖 bonnet手轮 hand wheel手柄 hand level (handle)压盖 gland闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板 split wedge截止阀 globe valve节流阀 throttle valve针阀 needle valve角阀(角式截止阀) angle valveY型阀(截止阀) Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀 ball valve三通球阀 3-way ball valve蝶阀 butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型) wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀 combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞阀 piston type valve旋塞阀 plug valve三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve旋塞 cock衬套旋塞 sleeve cock隔膜阀 diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve 直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve止回阀 check valve升降式止回阀 lift check valve旋启式止回阀 swing check valve落球式止回阀 ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀 stop check valve活塞式止回阀 piston check valve翻板止回阀 flap check valve蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve安全泄气阀 safety[SV]安全泄放阀 relief valve[RV]安全泄压阀 safety relief valve杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀 bellow sealed valve电磁阀 solenoid (operated) valve电动阀 electrically(electric-motor)operated valve 气动阀 pneumatic operated valve低温用阀 cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap机械式疏水阀 mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀 float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap 热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀) (automatic) air vent valve换向阀 diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀 breather valve减压阀 pressure reducing valve控制阀 control valve执行机构 actuator差压调节阀 differential pressure regulating valve切断阀 block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀 regulating valve快开阀 quick opening valve快闭阀 quick closing valve隔断阀 isolating valve三通阀 three way valve夹套阀 jacketed valve非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子 pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管 steel pipe铸铁管 cast iron pipe衬里管 lined pipe复合管 clad pipe碳钢管 carbon steel[C.S.]pipe合金钢管 alloy steel pipe不锈钢管 stainless steel[S.S.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe排污阀 blowdown valve集液排放阀 drip valve排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve卸载阀 unloading valve排出阀 discharge valve吸入阀 suction valve取样阀 sampling valve手动阀 hand operated(manually-operated) valve(水)龙头 bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀) bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve软管阀 hose valve混合阀 mixing valve破真空阀 vacuum breaker冲洗阀 flush valve根部阀 root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe塑料管 plastic pipe玻璃管 glass tube橡胶管 rubber tube壁厚 wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号 schedule number[SCH.NO.]加厚的,加强的 extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的 double extra heavy (strong) 弯头 elbow异径弯头 reducing elbow长半径弯头 long radius elbow短半径弯头 short radius elbow长半径180°弯头 long radius return短半径180°弯头 short radius return三通 tee异径三通 reducing tee等径三通 straight tee带支座三通 base tee45°斜三通 45°lateralY型三通 true"Y"四通 cross异径管 reducer同心异径管 concentric reducer偏心异径管 eccentric reducer管接头 coupling;full coupling活接头 union短管 nipple预制弯管 fabricated pipe bendU型弯管 "U"bend法兰端 flanged end万向接头 universal joint对焊的 butt welded[BW]螺纹的 threaded[THD]承插焊的 socket welded[SW]法兰 flange[FLG]整体管法兰 integral pipe flange钢管法兰 steel pipe flange螺纹法兰 threaded flange滑套法兰 slip-on flange平焊法兰 slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰 socket welding flange松套法兰 lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰 weld neck flange[WNF]法兰盖 blind flange;blind异径法兰 reducing flange压力级 pressure rating(class)突面 raised face[RF]凸面 male face凹面 female face全平面;满平面 flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件 piping speciality粗滤器 strainer过滤器 filter临时过滤器 temporary strainer(cone type) Y型过滤器 Y-type strainerT型过滤器 T-type strainer永久过滤器 permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower 视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester喷咀;喷头 spray nozzle喷射器 ejector取样冷却器 sample cooler消音器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint波纹膨胀节 bellow补偿器 compensator软管接头 hose connection[HC]快速接头 quick coupling金属软管 metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube特殊法兰 special flange漏斗 funnel8字盲板 spectacle (figure 8) blind 爆破板 rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢 carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢 stainless steel[S.S.]铸铁 cast iron[C.I.]铝 aluminum铜,紫铜 copper钛 titanium抗拉强度 tensile strength非金属材料 non-metallic material 塑料 plastic陶瓷 ceramic搪瓷 porcelain enamel玻璃 glass橡胶 rubber垫片 gasket[GSKT]平垫片 flat gasket填料 packing型钢 shaped steel角钢 angle steel槽钢 channel工字钢 I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢 wide flanged beam扁钢 flat bar圆钢 round steel; rod钢带 strap steel网络钢板 checkered plate材料表 bill of material[BOM]材料统计 material take-off[MTO]散装材料 bulk material综合管道材料表 consolidated piping material summary sheet[CPMSS]汇总表 summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线 center line装置边界 boundary limit[BL]区界 area limit设备布置 equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan标高,立面 elevation[EL]支撑点 point of support[POS]工厂北向 plant north方位 orientation危险区 hazardous area classification净正吸入压头 net positive suction head绝对标高 absolute elevation坐标 coordinate管道研究 piping study管道布置平面 piping arrangement plan[PAP]管道布置 piping assembly; layout详图 detail"X"视图 view "X""A-A" 剖视 section "A-A"轴测图 isometric drawing索引图 key plan管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument diagram[P&ID] 管口表 list of nozzles地上管道 above ground piping地下管道 under ground piping管线号 line number总管 header; manifold旁路 by pass常开 normally open常闭 normally closed取样接口 sampling connection伴热管 tracing pipe蒸汽伴热 steam tracing热水伴热 hot-water tracing电伴热 electrical tracing夹套管 jacketed line全夹套管 full jacketed比例 scale图 figure草图 sketch图例 legend符号 symbol件号 part n普通化学General Chemistry分析化学Analytical Chemistry有机化学Organic Chemistry物理化学Physical Chemistry谱学导论Introducton of Spectroscopy无机化学Inorganic Chemistry普通化学和分析化学实验Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry现在基础化学The Principle of Mordern Chemistry现在基础化学实验Experiments of Modern Fundamental Chemistry有机化学实验Experiments of Organic Chemistry仪器分析和物理化学实验Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and Physical Chemistry 合成化学实验Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry现代化学专题Topic of Modern Chemistry化学综合实验Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry化工原理Principle of Chemical Engineering化工原理实验Experiments of Chemical Engineering应用化学实验Experiments of Applied Chemistry无机合成化学Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry近代分析化学Modern Analytical Chemistry分离分析化学Separation Analytical Chemistry有机化合物波谱鉴定Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds有机合成及反应机理Organic Synthesis and Mechanics化学进展Progress in Chemistry化学反应工程Chemical Reaction Engineering应用电化学Applied Electrochemistry工业催化Industrial Catalysis环境化学Environmental Chemistry环境监测Environmental Monitoring化学科技英语Scientific English for Chemistry数理方法在化学中的应用Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry 化工制图Chemical Engineering Cartography计算机与化学测量实验Computer and Chemical Measurement 化学信息学Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics应用化学专题Special Topics in Applied Chemistry。
化工管道工程使用技术词汇中英文对照
化工管道工程使用技术词汇中英文对照化工管道工程是指针对化工领域的管道系统设计、施工、维护、管理和安全监控等的技术应用。
在化工管道工程中，有着大量的技术术语需要使用，下面将为大家介绍一些常见的化工管道工程技术词汇的中英文对照。
1. 阀门valve/gate valve2. 泵pump3. 压力pressure4. 流量flow rate5. 温度temperature6. 热传导thermal conductivity7. 尺寸dimensions8. 焊接welding9. 管道材料pipe material10. 耐蚀性corrosion resistance11. 管道尺寸diameter12. 压力等级pressure rating13. 压力容器pressure vessel14. 管件fittings15. 泄压valve relief valve16. 自动控制automatic control17. 管路输送pipeline transportation18. 管线管道pipeline19. 管路变化pipeline change20. 隔膜式阀门diaphragm valve21. 球阀ball valve22. 聚乙烯管道PVC pipe23. 聚氯乙烯管道PE pipe24. 钢管道steel pipe25. 抗震性seismic resistance26. 减震降噪shock absorption and noise reduction27. 绝缘insulation28. 推力补偿器thrust compensator29. 弹性支座elastic support30. 固定支座fixed support31. 密封seal32. 活塞泵piston pump33. 电导率conductivity34. 温度控制temperature control35. 动态平衡dynamic balance36. 冷却器cooler37. 管线附属设备pipeline ancillary equipment38. 流量计flow meter39. 泄漏检测器leak detector40. 自动取样器automatic sampler以上就是一些常见的化工管道工程技术词汇的中英文对照。
化工管道设计技术词汇(完整版)解析
化工管道设计技术词汇（完整版）2006-11-25 15:40来源: 本站原创1 管道组成件 Piping component1.1 管子 Pipe管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube钢管 steel pipe铸铁管 cast iron pipe衬里管 lined pipe复合管 clad pipe碳钢管 carbon steel pipe合金钢管 alloy steel pipe不锈钢 stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamless (SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管 hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管 cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe塑料管 plastic pipe玻璃管 glass tube橡胶管 rubber tube直管 run pipe; straight pipe1.2 管件 Fitting弯头 elbow异径弯头 reducing elbow带支座弯头 base elbowk半径弯头 long radius elbow短半径弯头 short radius elbow长半径180°弯头 long radius return短半径180°弯头 short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向） side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand) 双支管弯头（形） double branch elbow三通 tee异径三通 reducing tee等径三通 straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向） side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通 base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式） reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head)45°斜三通 45° lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径） 45° lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩） true “Y”四通 cross等径四通 straight cross异径四通 reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet) 异径管 reducer同心异径管 concentric reducer偏心异径管 eccentric reducer锻制异径管 reducing swage螺纹支管台 threadolet焊接支管台 weldolet承插支管台 sockolet弯头支管台 elbolet斜接支管台 latrolet镶入式支管嘴 sweepolet短管支管台 nipolet支管台，插入式支管台 boss管接头 coupling, full coupling半管接头 half coupling异径管接头 reducing coupling活接头 union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯） bushing管帽 cap (C)堵头 plug短节 nipple异径短节 reducing nipple; swage nipple1.3 弯管 Bend预制弯管 fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形） cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形） offset bend90°弯管 quarter bend环形弯管 cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形） single offset quarter bendS形弯管“S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形） single offset “U” bendU形弯管“U” bend双偏置U膨胀弯管 double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯管 mitre bend三节斜接弯管 3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管 corrugated bend圆度 roundness1.4 法兰 Flange (FLG）整体管法兰 integral pipe flange钢管法兰 steel pipe flange螺纹法兰 threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰） slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰 socket welding flange松套法兰 lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰 welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖 blind flange, blind孔板法兰 orifice flange异径法兰 reducing flange盘座式法兰 pad type flange松套带颈法兰 loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰 welding plate flange对焊环 welding neck collar （与stub end相似）平焊环 welding-on collar突缘短节 stub end, lap翻边端 lapped pipe end松套板式法兰 loose plate flange压力级 pressure rating, pressure rating class压力—温度等级 pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面 flange facing突面 raised face (RF)凸面 male face (MF)凹面 female face (FMF)榫面 tongue face槽面 groove face环连接面 ring joint face全平面；满平面 flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面 smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工 facing finish粗糙度 roughness光滑的 smooth齿形 serrated均方根 root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度 arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰 companion-flange螺栓圆 bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片 Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式 type of gasket平垫片 flat gasket环形平垫片 flat ring gasket平金属垫片 flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片 non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片 natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片 compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片 PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片 spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环 inner ring外环，外定位环 outer ring波纹金属垫片 corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片 corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片 corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket双夹套垫片 double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片 flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片 solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片 grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片 ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片 octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片 oval ring gasket透镜式垫片 lens gasket非金属垫片 non-metallic gasket1.6 阀门 Valve1.6.1 阀门结构、零件阀轭 yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭 outside screw and yoke (OS & Y)阀杆 stem内螺纹 inside screw (IS)阀轭套 yoke sleeve阀杆环 stem ring阀座 valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈 seat ring整体（阀）座 integral seat堆焊（阀）座 deposited seat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件） trim阀盘 disc阀盘密封圈 disc seat阀体 body阀盖 bonnet阀盖衬套 bonnet bush螺纹阀帽 screw cap螺纹阀盖 screw bonnet螺栓连接的阀盖 bolted bonnet (BB)活接阀盖（帽） union bonnet (cap)螺栓连接的阀帽 bolted cap (BC)焊接阀盖 welded bonnet (WB)本体阀杆密封 body stem seal石棉安全密封 asbestos emenen seal倒密封 back seal压力密封的阀盖 pressure-tight bonnet动力操纵器 powered operator电动操纵器 electric motor operator气动操纵器 pneumatic operator液压操纵器 hydraulic operator快速操纵器 quick-acting operator滑动阀杆 sliding stem正齿轮传动 spur gear operated伞齿轮传动 bevel gear operated扳手操作 wrench operated链轮 chain wheel手轮 hand wheel手柄 hand lever (handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的 cylinder operated链条操纵的 chain operated等径孔道 full bore; full port异径孔道 reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port 短型 short pattern紧凑型（小型） compact type笼式环 lantern ring压盖 gland阀杆填料 stem packing阀盖垫片 bonnet gasket升杆式（明杆） rising stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆） non-rising stem (NRS)指示器/限位器 indicator/stopper注油器 grease injector可更换的阀座环 renewable seat ring1.6.2 常用阀(1）闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat开口楔形闸板 split wedge挠性整体楔形闸扳 flexible solid wedge整体楔形闸板 solid wedge塞型闸阀 plug gate valve直通型闸阀 through conduit gate valve(2) 截止阀 globe valve球心型阀盘 globe type disc塞型阀盘 plug type disc可转动的阀盘 swivel disc(3) 节流闪阀 throttle valve针阀 needle valve(4) 角阀 angle valve(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体截止阀） Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)(6) 球阀 ball valve三通球阀 3-way ball valve装有底轴的 trunnion mounted耐火型 fire safe type浮动球型 floating ball type防脱出阀杆 blowout proof stem(7) 蝶阀 butterfly valve对夹式（薄片型） wafer type凸耳式 lug type偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve8) 柱塞阀 piston type valve(9) 旋塞阀 plug valve三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve旋塞 cock衬套旋塞 sleeve cock(10) 隔膜阀 diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve堰式隔膜阀 weir diaphragm valve(11) 夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12) 止回阀 check valve升降式止回阀 lift check valve旋启式止回阀 swing check valve, flap check valve落球式止回阀 ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve双板对夹式止回阀 dual plate wafer type check valve无撞击声止回阀 non-slam cheek valve底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀 stop check valve; non-return valve活塞式止回阀 piston check valve斜翻盘止回阀 tilting disc check valve蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve1.6.3 其它用途的阀安全泄气阀 safety valve (SV)安全泄液阀 relief valve (RV)安全泄压阀 safety relief valve杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀 pilot operated safety valve复式安全泄气阀 twin type safety valve罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve电磁阀 solenoid valve, solenoid operated valve电动阀 electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve气动阀 pneumatic operated valve低温用阀 cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap机械式疏水阎 mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 open bucket trap, open top bucket trap浮球式疏水阀 float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 metal expansion steam trap液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 liquid expansion steam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 bimetallic expansion steam trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap放气阀（自动放气阀） air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （疏水阀用）平板式滑动闸阀 slab type sliding gate valve盖阀 flat valve换向阀 diverting valve, reversing valve热膨胀阀 thermo expansion valve自动关闭阀 self-closing gate valve自动排液阀 self-draining valve管道盲板阀 line-blind valve挤压阀 squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀 breather valve风门、挡板 damper减压阀 pressure reducing valve, reducing valve控制阀 control valve膜式控制阀 diaphragm operated control valve执行机构 actuator背压调节阀 back pressure regulating valve差压调节阀 differential pressure regulating valve 压力比例调节阀 pressure ratio regulating valve1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀 block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve调节阀 regulating valve快开阀 quick opening valve快闭阀 quick closing valve隔断阀 isolating valve三通阀 three way valve夹套阔 jacketed valve非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve排污阀 blowdown valve集液排放阀 drip valve排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve卸载阀 unloading valve排出阀 discharge valve吸入阀 suction valve多通路阀 multiport valve取样阀 sampling valve手动阀 hand-operated valve; manually operated valve 锻造阀 forged valve铸造阀 cast valve（水）龙头 bibb; bib; faucet抽出液阀（小阀） bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve软管阀 hose valve混合阀 mixing valve破真空阀 vacuum breaker冲洗阀 flush valve第一道阀；根部阀 primary valve根部阀 root valve总管阀 header valve事故切断阀 emergency valve1.7 管道特殊件 Piping Specialty1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）粗滤嚣 strainer过滤器 filter临时粗滤器（锥型） temporary strainer (cone type)y 型粗滤器 y-type strainerT型粗滤器 T-type strainer永久过滤器 permanent filter丝网粗滤器 gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester喷嘴；喷头 spray nozzle取样冷却器 sample cooler消声器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint波纹膨胀节 bellow expansion joint单波 single bellow双波 double bellow多波 multiple bellow压力平衡式膨胀节 pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节 hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节 axial movement type expansion joint自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）self-equalizing expansion joint 带接杆膨胀节 tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节 universal type expansion joint球形补偿器 ball type expansion joint填函式补偿器 slip type (packed type) expansion joint 单向滑动填料函补偿器 single actionpacked slip joint1.7.2 管道特殊元件Piping Special Element软管接头 hose connection (HC)快速接头 quick coupling金属软管 metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube鞍形补强板 reinforcing saddles补强板 reinforcement pad特殊法兰 special flange漏斗 funnel排液环 drip ring排液漏斗 drain funnel插板 blank垫环 spacer8字盲板 spectacle blind; figure 8 blind限流孔板 restriction orifice爆破片 rupture disk法兰盖贴面 protective disc费托立克接头 victaulic coupling1.8 端部连接 End Connection法兰端 flanged end坡口端 beveled end (BE)对焊端 butt welded end平端 plain end (PE)承插焊端 socket welding end螺纹端 threaded end (TE)承口 bell end焊接端 welding end法兰连接（接头） flanged joint对焊连接（接头） butt welded joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接 threaded joint, pipe threaded joint 锥管螺纹密封焊连接 seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint 承插焊连接（接头） socket welded joint承插连接（接头） bell and spigot joint环垫接头 ring joint (RJ)万向接头 universal joint软钎焊连接（接头） soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接 lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角 bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角 bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角 bevel for combined thickness法兰式的 flanged (FLGD)对焊的 butt welded (BW)螺纹的 threaded (THD)承插焊的 socket welded (SW)小端为平的 small end plain (SEP)大端为平的 large end plain (LEP)两端平 both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹 small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹 large end thread (LET)两端带螺纹 both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹 one end thread (OET)支管连接 branch connection焊接支管 branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe2 管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1 紧固件螺栓 bolt六角头螺栓 hexagonal head bolt方头螺栓 square head bolt螺柱，双头螺栓 stud bolt环头螺检 eye bolt沉头螺栓 countersunk (head) screw地脚螺栓 anchor bolt; foundation bolt 松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝） turnbuckleU形螺栓 U-boltT形螺栓 T-bolt圆头螺钉 round head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉 maehine bolt顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓 Jack screw自攻螺钉 self tapping screw膨胀螺栓 expansion bolt粗制的 coarse精制的 finished, fine螺母 nut六角螺母 hexagonal nut方螺母 square nut蝶形螺母 wing nut扁螺母 flat nut锁紧螺母 lock nut垫圈 washer平垫圈 plain washer球面垫圈 spherical washer弹簧垫圈 spring washer方垫圈 square washer斜垫圈 slant washer销轴 pinned shan销 pin开口销 cotter pin定位销 dowel pin带孔销 pin with hole圆锥销 taper pin铆钉 rivet键 key2.2 螺纹左螺纹left hand thread右螺纹 right hand thread管螺纹 pipe thread锥管螺纹 taper pipe thread直管螺纹straight pipe thread梯形螺纹 trapezoid thread螺距pitch of thread粗牙螺纹coarse thread细牙螺纹 fine thread特细牙螺纹extra fine thread通长螺纹full thread惠氏螺纹whitworth thread公制螺纹 metric ibread美国标准锥管螺纹 American standard taper pipe thread (NPT) 螺孔 tap3 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属 Ferrous Metal碳素钢 carbon steel (CS)低碳钢 low-carbon steel中碳钢 medium-carbon steel高碳钢 high-carbon steel普通碳素钢 general carbon steel优质碳素钢 high-quality carbon steel普通低合金结构钢 general structure low-alloy steel合金结构钢 structural alloy steel合金钢 alloy steel低合金钢 low alloy steel中合金钢 medium alloy steel高合金钢 high alloy steel耐热钢 heat resisting steel高强度钢 high strength steel复合钢 clad steel工具钢 tool steel弹簧钢 spring steel钼钢 molybdenum steel镍钢 nickel steel铬钢 chromium steel铬钼钢 chrome-molybdenum steel铬镍钢 chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel不锈钢 stainless steel (S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢 Austenitic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢 Martensitic stainless steel司特来合金（钨铬钴台金） Stellite耐蚀耐热镍基合金 Hastelloy铬镍铁合金 inconel耐热铬镍铁合金 incoloy20合金 20 alloy平炉钢（马丁钢） Martin steel镇静钢 killed steel半镇静钢 semi-killed steel沸腾钢 rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel锻钢 forged steel铸钢 cast steel铸铁 cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁 grey cast iron可锻铸铁 malleable iron (MI)球墨铸铁 nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron 生铁 pig iron熟铁，锻铁 wrought iron铸件 casting高硅铸铁 high silicon cast iron3.1.2 镀层及制造方法渗铬钢，镀铬钢 chromized steel镀铬的 chromium-plated, chrome-plated镀层 plating锻造，型钢 swage锻造的，锻造 forging轧制 rolling热轧 hot rolling冷轧 cold rolling挤压 extruding冷加工 cold working热加工 hot working拔制 drawing3.1.3 有色金属Non-ferrous Metal铝 aluminum铜，紫铜 copper黄铜 brass青铜 bronze铝青铜 aluminum bronze磷青铜 phosphor bronze铝镁合金 aluminum magnesium锰青铜 manganese bronze蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金） Monel镍铜台金 nickel copper alloy非铁合金 nonferrous alloy钛 titanium铅 lead硬铅 hard lead3.1.4 材料性能极限强度 ultimate strength抗拉强度 tensile strength屈服极限 yield limit屈服点 yield point延伸率 percentage elongation抗压强度 compressive strength抗弯强度 bending strength弹性极限 elastic limit冲击值 impact value疲劳极限 fatigue limit蠕变极限 creep limit持久极限 endurance limit布氏硬度 Brinell hardness洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardness维氏硬度 Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness 蠕变断裂强度 creep rupture strength断面收缩率 reduction of area韧性 toughess脆性 brittleness延性 ductility冷脆 cold shortness冷流 cold flow3.2 非金属材料 Non-metallic Material塑料 plastic丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯 acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)聚乙烯 polyethylene (PE)聚氯乙烯 polyvinyl chloride (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶 styrene-rubber (SR)聚丁烯 polybutylene (PB)聚丙烯 polypropylene (PP)聚苯乙烯 polystyrene (PS)氯化聚醚 chlorinated polyether (CPE)聚酰胺 polyamide (PA)聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate (PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤维素cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯 chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯 polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)缩醛塑料 acetal plastic尼龙塑料 nylon plastic聚烯烃 polyolefin (PO)石墨酚醛塑料 graphite phenolic plastics聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)纤维增强热塑性塑料 fiber reinforced thermoplastics热塑性塑料 thermoplastic热固性塑料 thermosetting plastics胶粘剂 adhesive溶剂胶接剂 solvent cement树脂 resin环氧树脂 epoxy, epoxy resin聚酯树脂 polyester resin聚酯纤维 polyester fibers氟塑料 fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯 polyurethane丙烯酸树脂 acrylic resin脲醛树脂 urea resin呋哺树脂 furan resin乙烯丙烯二烃单体 ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) 合成橡胶 synthetic rubber橡胶 rubber丁腈橡胶 nitrile butadiene rubber氯丁橡胶 neoprene天然橡胶 natural rubber乙丙橡胶 ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)玻璃 glass硼硅玻璃 borosilicate glass耐火砖 fire brick陶瓷 ceramic搪瓷 porcelain enamel木材 wood3.3 型材型钢 shaped steel, section steel, swage角钢 angle steel槽钢 channel工字钢 I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢 wide flanged beamT型钢 T-bar方钢 square bar扁钢 flat bar角钢 hexagonal steel bar圆钢 round steel; rod钢带 strap steel钢板 plate网纹钢板 checkered plate腹板（指型钢的立板） web翼缘（指型钢的缘） wing3.4 填料及填料函填料 packing石棉绳 asbestos rope, asbestos cord．O形环 O-ring自密封 self-sealing四氟带 Teflon tap带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳 asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos 浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料 Teflon impregnated asbestos packing金属填料 metallic stuffing填料箱，填料函 packing box, stuffing box填料函压盖 stuffing box gland4 管道等级及材料统计4.1 管道材料规定 Piping Material Specification管道等级 piping class; piping classification管道等级号 class designation公称直径 nominal diameter (DN); nominal (pipe) size公称压力 nominal pressure (PN)压力级，等级，类别 class (CL)低压 low pressure (L.P.)中压 medium pressure (M.P.)高压 high pressure (H.P.)大气压 atmosphere (ATM)真空 vacuum工作压力 operating pressure; working pressure设计压力 design pressure工作温度 operating temperature设计温度 design temperature环境温度 ambient temperature腐蚀裕量 corrosion allowance管道附件 piping attachment管道元件 piping element壁厚 wall thickness (WT)壁厚系列号 schedule number (SCH. No.)加厚的，加强的 extra heavy, extra strong双倍加厚的，双倍加强的 double extra heavy, double extra strong通用连接组 typieal installation分组（类）形式（如管道等级表） block form数据库 data base文件 file4.2 材料统计 Material Take-off (MTO)汇总表 summary sheet材料表 bill of material (BM)综合管道材料表 consolidated piping material summary sheet (CPMSS)统计材料准确度 accuracy of take-off材料情况报告 material status report (MSR)散装材料 bulk material编位号的 itemized代码 code number短代码 short code数量 quantity (QTY)重力 weight净重 net weight毛重 gross weight5 设备布置及管道布置Plot Plan and Piping Layout,Equipment and Piping Arrangement 5.1 设备名称 Equipment Name5.1.1 容器 Vessel(1) 塔 tower, column洗涤塔 scrubber吸收塔 absorber冷却塔 cooling tower精馏塔 fractionating tower蒸馏塔 distillation tower再生塔 regenering tower造粒塔 prflling tower汽提塔 stripper脱气塔 degasifier合成塔 synthesis tower(2) 反应器 reactor聚台釜 polymerizer转化器，变换器 converter脱硫反应器 desulphurization reactor甲烷化器 methanator(3) 气柜 gas-holder螺旋式气柜 helical gas-holder湿式气柜 wet gas-holder干式气柜 dry gas-holder(4) 槽罐贮罐 tank; storage tank缓冲罐 knock out drum球罐 spheroid, spherical tank罐 drum接受槽 receiver计量槽 measuring tank加料槽 feed tank排污罐 blow down tank闪蒸罐 flash drum汽包 steam drum溶液贮槽 solution storage tank地下槽 sloptank(5) 其它设备分离器 separator旋风分离器 cyclone分子筛 molecular sieve脱氧器 deaerator搅拌器 agitator干燥器 dryer混合器 mixer萃取器 extractor结晶器 crystallizer澄清器 gravity settler净化器 purifier气化器 vaporizer吸附器 adsorber融解槽 melter减温器 desuperheater升压器 booster喷射器 ejector喷头 sprayer火炬 flare消声器 silencer(6) 换热器、加热器、冷却器换热器 heat exchanger空冷器 air cooler水冷却器 water cooler冷凝器 condenser螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger 蒸发器 evaporator再沸器 reboiler急冷器 quencher深冷器 chiller预热器 preheater再热器 reheater加热器 heater电加热器 electric heater过热器 super heater给水加热器 feed water heater中间冷却器 inter cooler后冷却器 after cooler5.1.2 工业炉及锅炉炉子 furnace烧嘴 burner锅炉 boiler烟囱 stack废热锅炉 waste heat boiler辅助锅炉 auxiliary boiler省煤器 economizer回热炉 direct-fired heater辐射段 radiant section对流段 convection section裂化炉 reformer焚烧炉 incinerator回转窑 rotary kiln炉管 furnace tube吹灰器 soot blower观察孔 observation door, peep door防爆门 explosion door5.1.3 转动机器(1) 泵 pump涡轮泵 turbine pump涡流泵 vortex pump离心泵 centrifugal pump喷射泵 jet pump转子泵，旋转泵 rotary pump管道泵 inline pump真空泵 vacuum pump柱塞泵 plunger pump往复泵 reciprocating pump计量泵 metering pump深井泵 deep well pump齿轮泵 gear pump手摇泵 hand-pump, wobble pump锅炉给水泵 boiler feed water pump轴流泵 axial pump(2) 压缩机 compressor往复式压缩机 reciprocating compressor 多级压缩机 multiple stages compressor 螺杆压缩机 helical screw compressor 离心式压缩机 centrifugal compressor 循环压缩机 circulating compressor涡轮压缩机 turbo compressor冷冻机 refrigerator(3) 驱动机、发电机汽轮机，蒸汽透平 steam turbine燃气轮机 gas turbine电动机 motor发电机 generator(4) 风扇、鼓风机风机 fan鼓风机 blower罗茨鼓风机 roots blower(5)其它机器挤压机 extruder造粒机 pelletizer离心机 centrifuger离心分离机 centrifugal separator离心过滤机 centrifugal filter压滤机 pressure filter5 1 4 贮运、装卸及起重机械起重机 crane桥式起重机 bridge crane电动葫芦 motor hoist手动葫芦，倒链 chain block装卸臂 loading arm料仓 silo, bin料斗 hopper输送机 conveyor皮带输送机 belt conveyor5.2 辅助用房名称5.2.1 生产用房分析室 analyzer room变压器室 transformer room配电室，变电所 substation, switch room 蓄电池室 battery room控制室 control room通风室 ventilating room贮藏室 storage room维修间 maintenance room办公室 office5.2.2 生活用房更农室 locker room盥洗室，厕所 closet, lavatory, toilet5.3 图名管道布置平面 piping arrangement plan (PAP)管道布置 piping layout轴测图 isometric drawing分区索引图 key plan初版设备布置图（“A”版） preliminary plot plan ( “A” issue)内部审查版设备布置图（“B”版） inrernal approval plot plan ( “B” issue) 用户审查版设备布置图（“C”版) owner approval plot plan ( “C” issue)确认版设备布置图（“D”版） confirm plot plan ( “D” issue)研究版设备布置图（“e”版） planning plot plan ( “E” issue)设计版设备布置图（“F”） designing plot plan ( “F” issue)施工版设备布置图（“G”版） construction plot plan ( “G” issue)5.4 厂房、站、单元压缩机房 compressor house (room)泵房 pump house (room)洗眼站 eye washer station泡沫站 foam station软管站，公用工程站 hose station (HS), utility station成套设备 package unit设施 facilities罐区 tank yard空分装置 air separation facility5.5 设备布置设备位号 equipment item number工厂 plant工厂区界 plant limit项目区界内侧 inside battery limit (I.S.B.L.)项目区界 batterylimit (BL)区界 area limit区域边界 zone iimit界外 off site东 east (E)西 west (W)南 south (S)北 north (N)上 up下 down工厂北向 plant north真实北向 true north道路 road小过道 cat walk, cat way走道，过道 walk way, gangway, access way 污水坑（井） sump pit集水池 catch basin沟槽 through预留区 trough场地 future area铺砌区 paving area非铺砌区 unpaved area碎石铺面 gravel paving橡皮铺面 rubber paving面积，区域 area体积，容积 volume (VOL)5.6 管道布置管道设计 piping design管道研究 piping study走向研究 routing study重要管道 critical piping地上管道 above ground piping地下管道 under ground piping管网 network of pipes管廊 pipe rack管沟 piping trench管间距 line spacing管道跨距 line span总管 header, manifold旁路 by pass排液 drain放空 vent上升管，垂直管 riser导管 canduit裸管 bare iine管件直接 fitting to fitting (FTF)管段，接口 spool piece, spool取样接口 sampling connection集液包 drip leg伴热管 tracing pipe蒸汽伴热 steam tracing热水伴热 hot-water tracing电伴热 electrical tracing夹套管 jacketed line, jacketed piping全夹套的 full jacketed平面 plan详图 detail“”视图X view “X”“”剖视A-A section “A-A”连接图 hook up drawing接续图 continue on drawing (COD)接续线 match line (M.L.)比例 scale图例 legend符号 symbol管口表 list of nozzles方位 orientation管口方位 nozzle orientation定位 location相交 intersection水平的 horizontal垂直的，立式的 vertical垂直，正交，垂直的 perpendicular平行，平行的 parallel水平安装 horizontal installation垂直安装 vertical installafion对称的 symmetric相反（的），对面（的） opposite顺时针方向 clock wise逆时针方向 counter clock wise计算机辅助设计 computer aided design (CAD)5.7 图面标注绝对标高 abselute elevation海平面标高 over-sea mean level (OSL)标高，立面 elevation (EL)混凝土顶面 top of concrete架顶面 top of support (TOS)钢结构顶面 top of steel梁项面 top of beam (TOB)支撑点 point of suppon (POS)管顶 top of pipe (TOP)管底 bouom of pipe (BOP)沟底 boaom of trench管子内底 invert (inside bottom of pipe)底平 flat on bottom (FOB)顶平 flat on top (FOT)工作点 working point (W.P.)面至面 face to face (F-F)中心至端面 center to end (C-E)中心至面 center to face (C-F)中心至中心，中至中 center to center (C-C) 坐标 coordinate坐标原点 origin of coordinate出口中心线 center line of discharge入口中心线 center line of suction中心线 centerline (CL)入口 inlet, suction出口 outlet, discharge排出口 exhaust距离 distance5 8 相关专业的专业词汇5 8 1 工艺(1) 图及表流程图 flow diagram工艺流程图 process flow diagram (PFD)管道及仪表流程图 piping andinstrument flow diagram (PID)公用工程流程图 utility flow diagram (UFD) 管线表 line list; line schedule命名表；管道表 nomenclature设备表 equipment list (schedule)(2) 流体 fluid空气 air仪表空气 instrument air工艺空气 process air低压蒸汽 low pressure steam中压蒸汽 medium pressure steam高压蒸汽 high pressure steam伴热蒸汽 tracing steam饱和蒸汽 saturated steam过热蒸汽 superheated steam氧气 oxygen氢气 hydrogen氮气 nitrogen燃料气 fuel gas天然气 natural gas火炬气 flare gas酸性气 sour gas液化石油气 liquefired petroleum gas (LPG) 氨气 ammonia gas冷却水 cooling循环水 circulating water锅炉给水 boiler feed water热水 hot water蒸汽冷凝水 steam condensate盐水 brine工艺水 process water化学污水 chemical sewage防腐剂 corrosion inhibitor重油 heavy oil石脑油 naphtha燃料油 fuel oil润滑油 lubricating oil密封油 sealing oil冷冻剂 refrigerant载热体 heating medium溶剂 solvent溶液 solution母液 mother liquor单体 monomer聚合物 polymer均聚物 homopolymer共聚物 copolymer工艺液体 process liquid工艺气体 process gas硫酸 sulphuric acid盐酸 chlorhydric acid硝酸 nitric acid烧碱 caustic soda(3) 流体特性 fluid characteristics 蒸汽压 vapor pressure临界温度 critical temperature临界点 critical point临界压力 critical pressure比热 specific heat湿度 humidity密度 density比重 specific gravity粘度 viscosity闪点 flash point融点 melting point凝固点 freezing point浓度 concentration爆炸极限 limit of explosion有毒的 toxic可燃的；易燃的 flammable(4) 其它回收 recovery再生 regeneration循环 cireulatlon再循环；再生 recycle补充 make-up制备 preparation蒸汽吹扫 steaming out吹扫 purge抽空；排空 evacuation吹出 blow-off排污 blow down破真空 vacuum breaker大气腿 barometric leg备用 stand-by化学清洗 chemical cleaning净正吸入压头 net positive suction head (NPSH) 进料 feed成品 product污染 contamination大气污染 atmospheric pollution环境温度 ambient temperature5.8.2 建筑、结构建筑物 building钢结构 steel structure已有钢结构 existing steel structure钢筋混凝土结构 reinforced concrete construction 楼面 floor平台 platform (PF)地面 ground level栏杆 handrail楼梯 stair; stair way直梯 ladder柱 column; post; stanchion基础 foundation; footing粱 beam斜撑；支撑 bracing桁架；主粱 girder构件 member隔墙 partition wall墙 wall篦子板 grate; grating吊装孔 erection opening吊梁 hoisting beam棚 shelter窗 window天窗 skylight门 door防火门 fire door地漏 floor drain防火层 fire-proofing总图 general plot plan路肩 shoulder桩 pile灌浆 grouting风荷载 wind load雪荷载 snow load动力荷载 dynamic load静荷载 dead load活荷载 live load风速 wind velocity主导风向 most frequent wind direction5.8.3 仪表盘（操作盘） panel就地盘 local panel仪表盘 instrument panel常开 normally open常闭 normally closed电缆槽（架） cable tray (channel); cable rack 仪表电缆槽（架） instrument cable tray (duct) 压力计 manometer; pressure gauge热电偶 thermocouple温度计 thermometer液位计 level gauge玻璃液位计 gage glass温度计保护管 thermowell流量计 flow meter孔板 orifice变送器 transmitter联锁 interlock仪器；设备 apparatus仪器分析 instrumental analysis自动分析 automatic analysis气体分析 gas analysis化学分析 chemical analysis。
化工管道设计技术词汇 英汉对照 化工行业宝典
1管道组成件 P i p i n g c o m p o n e n t1.1管子 P i p e管子(按照配管标准规格制造的)p i p e管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管)t u b e钢管 s t e e l p i p e铸铁管 c a s t i r o n p i p e衬里管 l i n e d p i p e复合管 c l a d p i p e碳钢管 c a r b o n s t e e l p i p e合金钢管 a l l o y s t e e l p i p e不锈钢 s t a i n l e s s s t e e l p i p e奥氏体不锈钢管 a u s t e n i t i c s t a i n l e s s s t e e l p i p e铁合金钢管 f e r r i t i c a l l o y s t e e l p i p e轧制钢管 w r o u g h t-s t e e l p i p e锻铁管 w r o u g h t-i r o n p i p e无缝钢管 s e a m l e s s(S M L S)s t e e l p i p e焊接钢管 w e l d e d s t e e l p i p e电阻焊钢管 e l e c t r i c-r e s i s t a n c e w e l d e d s t e e l p i p e电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管 e l e c t r i c-f u s i o n(a r c)-w e l d e d s t e e l-p l a t e p i p e 螺旋焊接钢管 s p i r a l w e l d e d s t e e l p i p e镀锌钢管 g a l v a n i z e d s t e e l p i p e热轧无缝钢管 h o t-r o l l i n g s e a m l e s s p i p e冷拔无缝钢管 c o l d-d r a w i n g s e a m l e s s p i p e水煤气钢管 w a t e r-g a s s t e e l p i p e塑料管 p l a s t i c p i p e玻璃管 g l a s s t u b e橡胶管 r u b b e r t u b e直管 r u n p i p e;s t r a i g h t p i p e1.2管件 F i t t i n g弯头 e l b o w异径弯头 r e d u c i n g e l b o w带支座弯头 b a s e e l b o wk半径弯头 l o n g r a d i u s e l b o w短半径弯头 s h o r t r a d i u s e l b o w长半径180°弯头 l o n g r a d i u s r e t u r n短半径180°弯头 s h o r t r a d i u s r e t u r n带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向） s i d e o u t l e t e l b o w(r i g h t h a n d o r l e f t h a n d)双支管弯头（ 形） d o u b l e b r a n c h e l b o w三通 t e e异径三通 r e d u c i n g t e e等径三通 s t r a i g h t t e e带侧向口的三通（右向或左向） s i d e o u t l e t t e e(r i g h t h a n d o r1e f t h a n d)异径三通（分支口为异径） r e d u c i n g t e e(r e d u c i n g o n o u t l e t)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）r e d u c i n g t e e(r e d u c i n g o n o n e r u n)带支座三通 b a s e t e e异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） r e d u c i n g t e e(r e d u c i n g o n o n e r u n a n d o u t l e t)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式） r e d u c i n g t e e(r e d u c i n g o n b o t h r u n s,b u l l h e a d)45°斜三通 45° l a t e r a l45°斜三通（支管为异径） 45° l a t e r a l(r e d u c i n g o n b r a n c h)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径)45° l a t e r a l(r e d u c i n g o n o n e r u n)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径)45° l a t e r a l(r e d u c i n g o n o n e r u n a n d b r a n c h)Y型三通（俗称裤衩） t r u e“Y”四通 c r o s s等径四通 s t r a i g h t c r o s s异径四通 r e d u c i n g c r o s s异径四通（一个分支口为异径）r e d u c i n g c r o s s(r e d u c i n g o n o n e o u t l e t)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） r e d u c i n g c r o s s(r e d u c i n g o n o n e r u n a n d o u t l e t)异径四通（两个分支口为异径） r e d u c i n g c r o s s(r e d u c i n g o n b o t h o u t l e t)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径） r e d u c i n g c r o s s(r e d u c i n g o n o n e r u n a n d b o t h o u t l e t)异径管 r e d u c e r同心异径管 c o n c e n t r i c r e d u c e r偏心异径管 e c c e n t r i c r e d u c e r锻制异径管 r e d u c i n g s w a g e螺纹支管台 t h r e a d o l e t焊接支管台 w e l d o l e t承插支管台 s o c k o l e t弯头支管台 e l b o l e t斜接支管台 l a t r o l e t镶入式支管嘴 s w e e p o l e t短管支管台 n i p o l e t支管台，插入式支管台 b o s s管接头 c o u p l i n g,f u l l c o u p l i n g半管接头 h a l f c o u p l i n g异径管接头 r e d u c i n g c o u p l i n g活接头 u n i o n内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯） b u s h i n g管帽 c a p(C)堵头 p l u g短节 n i p p l e异径短节 r e d u c i n g n i p p l e;s w a g e n i p p l e1.3弯管 B e n d预制弯管 f a b r i c a t e d p i p e b e n d跨越弯管（^形） c r o s s-o v e r b e n d偏置弯管（~形） o f f s e t b e n d90°弯管 q u a r t e r b e n d环形弯管 c i r e l e b e n d单侧偏置90°弯管（?形） s i n g l e o f f s e t q u a r t e r b e n dS形弯管 “S” b e n d单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（|?形） s i n g l e o f f s e t“U” b e n d U形弯管 “U” b e n d双偏置U膨胀弯管 d o u b l e o f f s e t e x p a n s i o n“U” b e n d斜接弯管 m i t r e b e n d三节斜接弯管 3-p i e c e m i t r e b e n d折皱弯管 c o r r u g a t e d b e n d圆度 r o u n d n e s s1.4法兰 F l a n g e(F L G）整体管法兰 i n t e g r a l p i p e f l a n g e钢管法兰 s t e e l p i p e f l a n g e螺纹法兰 t h r e a d e d f l a n g e滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰） s l i p-o n f l a n g e(S O);s l i p-o n w e l d i n g f l a n g e 承插焊法兰 s o c k e t w e l d i n g f l a n g e松套法兰 l a p j o i n t f l a n g e(L J F)对焊法兰 w e l d i n g n e c k f l a n g e(W N F)法兰盖 b l i n d f l a n g e,b l i n d孔板法兰 o r i f i c e f l a n g e异径法兰 r e d u c i n g f l a n g e盘座式法兰 pad type flange松套带颈法兰 l o o s e h u b b e d f l a n g e焊接板式法兰 welding plate flange对焊环 w e l d i n g n e c k c o l l a r（与s t u b e n d相似）平焊环 w e l d i n g-o n c o l l a r突缘短节 s t u b e n d,l a p翻边端 l a p p e d p i p e e n d松套板式法兰 l o o s e p l a t e f l a n g e压力级 p r e s s u r e r a t i n g,p r e s s u r e r a t i n g c l a s s压力—温度等级 p r e s s u r e-t e m p e r a t u r e r a t i n g法兰密封面，法兰面 f l a n g e f a c i n g突面 r a i s e d f a c e(R F)凸面 m a l e f a c e(M F)凹面 f e m a l e f a c e(F M F)榫面 t o n g u e f a c e槽面 g r o o v e f a c e环连接面 r i n g j o i n t f a c e全平面；满平面 f l a t f a c e;f u l l f a c e(F F)光滑突面 s m o o t h r a i s e d f a c e(S R F)法兰面加工 f a c i n g f i n i s h粗糙度 r o u g h n e s s光滑的 s m o o t h齿形 s e r r a t e d均方根 r o o t m e a n s q u a r e(R M S)算术平均粗糙高度 a r i t h m e t i c a l a v e r a g e r o u g h n e s s h e i g h t(A A R H)配对法兰 c o m p a n i o n-f l a n g e螺栓圆 b o l t c i r c l e(B.C.)1.5垫片 G a s k e t(G S K T)垫片的型式 t y p e o f g a s k e t平垫片 f l a t g a s k e t环形平垫片 f l a t r i n g g a s k e t平金属垫片 f l a t m e t a l g a s k e t夹棉织物的橡胶 e l a s t o m e r w i t h c o t t o n f a b r i c i n s e r t i o n夹石棉织物的橡胶 e l a s t o m e r w i t h a s b e s t o s f a b r i c i n s e r t i o n夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶 e l a s t o m e r w i t h a s b e s t o s f a b r i c i n s e r t i o n a n d w i t h w i r e r e i n f o r c e m e n t 无石墨压缩白石棉垫片 n o n g r a p h i t e d c o m p r e s s e d w h i t e a s b e s t o s g a s k e t天然白橡胶垫片 n a t u r a l w h i t e r u b b e r g a s k e t压缩石棉垫片 c o m p r e s s e d a s b e s t o s c l a s s g a s k e t浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片 P T F E i m p r e g n a t e d a s b e s t o s g a s k e t夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片 s p i r a l-w o u n d m e t a l g a s k e t w i t h a s b e s t o s f i l l e r内环 i n n e r r i n g外环，外定位环 o u t e r r i n g波纹金属垫片 c o r r u g a t e d m e t a l g a s k e t波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片 c o r r u g a t e d m e t a l g a s k e t w i t h a s b e s t o s i n s e r t e d双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片 c o r r u g a t e d m e t a l d o u b l e j a c k e t e d a s b e s t o s f i l l e d g a s k e t双夹套垫片 d o u b l e j a c k e t e d g a s k e t金属包石棉平垫片 f l a t m e t a l j a c k e t e d a s b e s t o s f i l l e d g a s k e t整体金属齿形垫片 s o l i d m e t a l s e r r a t e d g a s k e t槽形金属垫片 g r o o v e d m e t a l g a s k e t环形连接金属垫片 r i n g j o i n t m e t a l g a s k e t八角环形垫片 o c t a g o n a l r i n g g a s k e t椭圆环形垫片 o v a l r i n g g a s k e t透镜式垫片 l e n s g a s k e t非金属垫片 n o n-m e t a l l i c g a s k e te m e n t1.6阀门 V a l v e1.6.1阀门结构、零件阀轭 y o k e外螺纹阀杆及阀轭 o u t s i d e s c r e w a n d y o k e(O S&Y)阀杆 s t e m内螺纹 i n s i d e s c r e w(I S)阀轭套 y o k e s l e e v e阀杆环 s t e m r i n g阀座 v a l v e s e a t(b o d y s e a t)阀座环、密封圈 s e a t r i n g整体（阀）座 i n t e g r a l s e a t堆焊（阀）座 d e p o s i t e d s e a t阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件） t r i m阀盘 d i s c阀盘密封圈 d i s c s e a t阀体 b o d y阀盖 b o n n e t阀盖衬套 b o n n e t b u s h螺纹阀帽 s c r e w c a p螺纹阀盖 s c r e w b o n n e t螺栓连接的阀盖 b o l t e d b o n n e t(B B)活接阀盖（帽） u n i o n b o n n e t(c a p)螺栓连接的阀帽 b o l t e d c a p(B C)焊接阀盖 w e l d e d b o n n e t(W B)本体阀杆密封 b o d y s t e m s e a l石棉安全密封 a s b e s t o s e m e n e n s e a l倒密封 b a c k s e a l压力密封的阀盖 p r e s s u r e-t i g h t b o n n e t动力操纵器 p o w e r e d o p e r a t o r电动操纵器 e l e c t r i c m o t o r o p e r a t o r气动操纵器 p n e u m a t i c o p e r a t o r液压操纵器 h y d r a u l i c o p e r a t o r快速操纵器 q u i c k-a c t i n g o p e r a t o r滑动阀杆 s l i d i n g s t e m正齿轮传动 s p u r g e a r o p e r a t e d伞齿轮传动 b e v e l g e a r o p e r a t e d扳手操作 w r e n c h o p e r a t e d链轮 c h a i n w h e e l手轮 h a n d w h e e l手柄 h a n d l e v e r(h a n d l e)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的 c y l i n d e r o p e r a t e d链条操纵的 c h a i n o p e r a t e d等径孔道 f u l l b o r e;f u l l p o r t异径孔道 r e d u c i n g b o r e,r e d u c e d p o r t,v e n t u r i p o r t 短型 s h o r t p a t t e r n紧凑型（小型） c o m p a c t t y p e笼式环 l a n t e r n r i n g压盖 g l a n d阀杆填料 s t e m p a c k i n g阀盖垫片 b o n n e t g a s k e t升杆式（明杆） r i s i n g s t e m(R S)非升杆式（暗杆） n o n-r i s i n g s t e m(N R S)指示器/限位器 i n d i c a t o r/s t o p p e r注油器 g r e a s e i n j e c t o r可更换的阀座环 r e n e w a b l e s e a t r i n g1.6.2常用阀(1）闸阀 g a t e v a l v e平行双闸板 d o u b l e d i s c p a r a l l e l s e a t开口楔形闸板 s p l i t w e d g e挠性整体楔形闸扳 f l e x i b l e s o l i d w e d g e整体楔形闸板 s o l i d w e d g e塞型闸阀 p l u g g a t e v a l v e直通型闸阀 t h r o u g h c o n d u i t g a t e v a l v e(2)截止阀 g l o b e v a l v e球心型阀盘 g l o b e t y p e d i s c塞型阀盘 p l u g t y p e d i s c可转动的阀盘 s w i v e l d i s c(3)节流闪阀 t h r o t t l e v a l v e针阀 n e e d l e v a l v e(4)角阀 a n g l e v a l v e(5)Y型阀（Y型阀体截止阀） Y-v a l v e(Y-b o d y g l o b e v a l v e)(6)球阀 b a l l v a l v e三通球阀 3-w a y b a l l v a l v e装有底轴的 t r u n n i o n m o u n t e d耐火型 f i r e s a f e t y p e浮动球型 f l o a t i n g b a l l t y p e防脱出阀杆 b l o w o u t p r o o f s t e m(7)蝶阀 b u t t e r f l y v a l v e对夹式（薄片型） w a f e r t y p e凸耳式 l u g t y p e偏心阀板蝶阀 o f f s e t d i s c b u r e r f l y v a l v e;e c c e n t r i c b u t t e r f l y v a l v e 斜阀盘蝶阀 c a n t e d d i s c b u t t e r f l y v a l v e连杆式蝶阀 l i n k b u t t e r f l y v a l v e8)柱塞阀 p i s t o n t y p e v a l v e(9)旋塞阀 p l u g v a l v e三通旋塞阀 t h r e e-w a y p l u g v a l v e四通旋塞阀 f o u r-w a y p l u g v a l v e旋塞 c o c k衬套旋塞 s l e e v e c o c k(10)隔膜阀 d i a p h r a g m v a l v e橡胶衬里隔膜阀 r u b b e r l i n e d d i a p h r a g m v a l v e直通式隔膜阀 s t r a i g h t w a y d i a p h r a g m v a l v e堰式隔膜阀 w e i r d i a p h r a g m v a l v e(11)夹紧式胶管阀 p i n c h v a l v e（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12)止回阀 c h e c k v a l v e升降式止回阀 l i f t c h e c k v a l v e旋启式止回阀 s w i n g c h e c k v a l v e,f l a p c h e c k v a l v e落球式止回阀 b a l l c h e c k v a l v e弹簧球式止回阀 s p r i n g b a l l c h e c k v a l v e双板对夹式止回阀 d u a l p l a t e w a f e r t y p e c h e c k v a l v e无撞击声止回阀 n o n-s l a m c h e e k v a l v e底阀 f o o t v a l v e切断式止回阀 s t o p c h e c k v a l v e;n o n-r e t u r n v a l v e活塞式止回阀 p i s t o n c h e c k v a l v e斜翻盘止回阀 t i l t i n g d i s c c h e c k v a l v e蝶式止回阀 b u t t e r f l y c h e c k v a l v e1.6.3其它用途的阀安全泄气阀 s a f e t y v a l v e(S V)安全泄液阀 r e l i e f v a l v e(R V)安全泄压阀 s a f e t y r e l i e f v a l v e杠杆重锤式 l e v e r a n d w e i g h t t y p e引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀 p i l o t o p e r a t e d s a f e t y v a l v e复式安全泄气阀 t w i n t y p e s a f e t y v a l v e罐底排污阀 f l u s h-b o t t o m t a n k v a l v e电磁阀 s o l e n o i d v a l v e,s o l e n o i d o p e r a t e d v a l v e电动阀 e l e c t r i c a l l y o p e r a t e d v a l v e,e l e c t r i c-m o t o r o p e r a t e d v a l v e气动阀 p n e u m a t i c o p e r a t e d v a l v e低温用阀 c r y o g e n i c s e r v i c e v a l v e蒸汽疏水阀 s t e a m t r a p机械式疏水阎 m e c h a n i c a l t r a p浮桶式疏水阀 o p e n b u c k e t t r a p,o p e n t o p b u c k e t t r a p浮球式疏水阀 f l o a t t r a p倒吊桶式疏水阀 i n v e r t e d b u c k e t t r a p自由浮球式疏水阀 l o o s e f l o a t t r a p恒温式疏水阀 t h e r m o s t a t i c t r a p金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 m e t a l e x p a n s i o n s t e a m t r a p液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 l i q u i d e x p a n s i o n s t e a m t r a p双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 b i m e t a l l i c e x p a n s i o n s t e a m t r a p压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 b a l a n c e d p r e s s u r e t h e r m o s t a t i c t r a p热动力式疏水阀 t h e r m o d y n a m i c t r a p脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 i m p u l s e s t e a m t r a p放气阀（自动放气阀） a i r v e n t v a l v e(a u t o m a t i c a i r v e n t v a l v e)（疏水阀用）平板式滑动闸阀 s l a b t y p e s l i d i n g g a t e v a l v e盖阀 f l a t v a l v e换向阀 d i v e r t i n g v a l v e,r e v e r s i n g v a l v e热膨胀阀 t h e r m o e x p a n s i o n v a l v e自动关闭阀 s e l f-c l o s i n g g a t e v a l v e自动排液阀 s e l f-d r a i n i n g v a l v e管道盲板阀 l i n e-b l i n d v a l v e挤压阀 s q u e e z e v a l v e（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀 b r e a t h e r v a l v e风门、挡板 d a m p e r减压阀 p r e s s u r e r e d u c i n g v a l v e,r e d u c i n g v a l v e控制阀 c o n t r o l v a l v e膜式控制阀 d i a p h r a g m o p e r a t e d c o n t r o l v a l v e执行机构 a c t u a t o r背压调节阀 b a c k p r e s s u r e r e g u l a t i n g v a l v e差压调节阀 d i f f e r e n t i a l p r e s s u r e r e g u l a t i n g v a l v e 压力比例调节阀 p r e s s u r e r a t i o r e g u l a t i n g v a l v e1.6.4未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀 b l o c k v a l v e;s h u t-o f f v a l v e;s t o p v a l v e调节阀 r e g u l a t i n g v a l v e快开阀 q u i c k o p e n i n g v a l v e快闭阀 q u i c k c l o s i n g v a l v e隔断阀 i s o l a t i n g v a l v e三通阀 t h r e e w a y v a l v e夹套阔 j a c k e t e d v a l v e非旋转式阀 n o n-r o t a r y v a l v e排污阀 b l o w d o w n v a l v e集液排放阀 d r i p v a l v e排液阀 d r a i n v a l v e放空阀 v e n t v a l v e卸载阀 u n l o a d i n g v a l v e排出阀 d i s c h a r g e v a l v e吸入阀 s u c t i o n v a l v e多通路阀 m u l t i p o r t v a l v e取样阀 s a m p l i n g v a l v e手动阀 h a n d-o p e r a t e d v a l v e;m a n u a l l y o p e r a t e d v a l v e 锻造阀 f o r g e d v a l v e铸造阀 c a s t v a l v e（水）龙头 b i b b;b i b;f a u c e t抽出液阀（小阀） b l e e d v a l v e旁路阀 b y-p a s s v a l v e软管阀 h o s e v a l v e混合阀 m i x i n g v a l v e破真空阀 v a c u u m b r e a k e r冲洗阀 f l u s h v a l v e第一道阀；根部阀 p r i m a r y v a l v e根部阀 r o o t v a l v e总管阀 h e a d e r v a l v e事故切断阀 e m e r g e n c y v a l v e1.7管道特殊件 P i p i n g S p e c i a l t y1.7.1管道特殊件（组件）粗滤嚣 s t r a i n e r过滤器 f i l t e r临时粗滤器（锥型） t e m p o r a r y s t r a i n e r(c o n e t y p e)y型粗滤器 y-t y p e s t r a i n e rT型粗滤器 T-t y p e s t r a i n e r永久过滤器 p e r m a n e n t f i l t e r丝网粗滤器 g a u z e s t r a i n e r洗眼器及淋浴器 e y e w a s h e r a n d s h o w e r视镜 s i g h t g l a s s阻火器 f l a m e a r r e s t e r喷嘴；喷头 s p r a y n o z z l e取样冷却器 s a m p l e c o o l e r消声器 s i l e n c e r膨胀节 e x p a n s i o n j o i n t波纹膨胀节 b e l l o w e x p a n s i o n j o i n t单波 s i n g l e b e l l o w双波 d o u b l e b e l l o w多波 m u l t i p l e b e l l o w压力平衡式膨胀节 p r e s s u r e b a l a n c e d e x p a n s i o n带铰链膨胀节 h i n g e d e x p a n s i o n j o i n t轴向位移型膨胀节 a x i a l m o v e m e n t t y p e e x p a n s i o n j o i n t自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）s e l f-e q u a l i z i n g e x p a n s i o n j o i n t 带接杆膨胀节 t i e d e x p a n s i o n j o i n t万向型膨胀节 u n i v e r s a l t y p e e x p a n s i o n j o i n t球形补偿器 b a l l t y p e e x p a n s i o n j o i n t填函式补偿器 s l i p t y p e(p a c k e d t y p e)e x p a n s i o n j o i n t单向滑动填料函补偿器 s i n g l e a c t i o n p a c k e d s l i p j o i n t1.7.2管道特殊元件P i p i n g S p e c i a l E l e m e n t软管接头 h o s e c o n n e c t i o n(H C)快速接头 q u i c k c o u p l i n g金属软管 m e t a l h o s e橡胶管 r u b b e r h o s e挠性管 f l e x i b l e t u b e鞍形补强板 r e i n f o r c i n g s a d d l e s补强板 r e i n f o r c e m e n t p a d特殊法兰 s p e c i a l f l a n g e漏斗 f u n n e l排液环 d r i p r i n g排液漏斗 d r a i n f u n n e l插板 b l a n k垫环 s p a c e r8字盲板 s p e c t a c l e b l i n d;f i g u r e8b l i n d限流孔板 r e s t r i c t i o n o r i f i c e爆破片 r u p t u r e d i s k法兰盖贴面 p r o t e c t i v e d i s c费托立克接头 v i c t a u l i c c o u p l i n g1.8端部连接 E n d C o n n e c t i o n法兰端 f l a n g e d e n d坡口端 b e v e l e d e n d(B E)对焊端 b u t t w e l d e d e n d平端 p l a i n e n d(P E)承插焊端 s o c k e t w e l d i n g e n d螺纹端 t h r e a d e d e n d(T E)承口 b e l l e n d焊接端 w e l d i n g e n d法兰连接（接头） f l a n g e d j o i n t对焊连接（接头） b u t t w e l d e d j o i n t螺纹连接，管螺纹连接 t h r e a d e d j o i n t,p i p e t h r e a d e d j o i n t 锥管螺纹密封焊连接 s e a l-w e l d e d t a p e r p i p e t h r e a d e d j o i n t 承插焊连接（接头） s o c k e t w e l d e d j o i n t承插连接（接头） b e l l a n d s p i g o t j o i n t环垫接头 r i n g j o i n t(R J)万向接头 u n i v e r s a l j o i n t软钎焊连接（接头） s o l d e r e d j o i n t搭接接头，松套连接 l a p p e d j o i n t外侧厚度切斜角 b e v e l f o r o u t s i d e t h i c k n c s s内侧厚度切斜角 b e v e l f o r i n s i d e t h i c k n e s s内外侧厚度切斜角 b e v e l f o r c o m b i n e d t h i c k n e s s法兰式的 f l a n g e d(F L G D)对焊的 b u t t w e l d e d(B W)螺纹的 t h r e a d e d(T H D)承插焊的 s o c k e t w e l d e d(S W)小端为平的 s m a l l e n d p l a i n(S E P)大端为平的 l a r g e e n d p l a i n(L E P)两端平 b o t h e n d s p l a i n(B E P)小端带螺纹 s m a l l e n d t h r e a d(S E T)大端带螺纹 l a r g e e n d t h r e a d(L E T)两端带螺纹 b o t h e n d t h r e a d(B E T)一端带螺纹 o n e e n d t h r e a d(O E T)支管连接 b r a n c h c o n n e c t i o n焊接支管 b r a n c h p i p e w e l d e d d i r e c t l y t o t h e r u n p i p e2管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1紧固件螺栓 b o l t六角头螺栓 h e x a g o n a l h e a d b o l t方头螺栓 s q u a r e h e a d b o l t螺柱，双头螺栓 s t u d b o l t环头螺检 e y e b o l t沉头螺栓 c o u n t e r s u n k(h e a d)s c r e w地脚螺栓 a n c h o r b o l t;f o u n d a t i o n b o l t 松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝） t u r n b u c k l eU形螺栓 U-b o l tT形螺栓 T-b o l t圆头螺钉 r o u n d h e a d b o l t机螺栓，机螺钉 m a e h i n e b o l t顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓 J a c k s c r e w自攻螺钉 s e l f t a p p i n g s c r e w膨胀螺栓 e x p a n s i o n b o l t粗制的 c o a r s e精制的 f i n i s h e d,f i n e螺母 n u t六角螺母 h e x a g o n a l n u t方螺母 s q u a r e n u t蝶形螺母 w i n g n u t扁螺母 f l a t n u t锁紧螺母 l o c k n u t垫圈 w a s h e r平垫圈 p l a i n w a s h e r球面垫圈 s p h e r i c a l w a s h e r弹簧垫圈 s p r i n g w a s h e r方垫圈 s q u a r e w a s h e r斜垫圈 s l a n t w a s h e r销轴 p i n n e d s h a n销 p i n开口销 c o t t e r p i n定位销 d o w e l p i n带孔销 p i n w i t h h o l e圆锥销 t a p e r p i n铆钉 r i v e t键 k e y2.2螺纹左螺纹l e f t h a n d t h r e a d右螺纹 r i g h t h a n d t h r e a d管螺纹 p i p e t h r e a d锥管螺纹 t a p e r p i p e t h r e a d直管螺纹s t r a i g h t p i p e t h r e a d梯形螺纹 t r a p e z o i d t h r e a d螺距p i t c h o f t h r e a d粗牙螺纹c o a r s e t h r e a d细牙螺纹 f i n e t h r e a d特细牙螺纹e x t r a f i n e t h r e a d通长螺纹f u l l t h r e a d惠氏螺纹w h i t w o r t h t h r e a d公制螺纹 m e t r i c i b r e a d美国标准锥管螺纹 A m e r i c a n s t a n d a r d t a p e r p i p e t h r e a d(N P T)螺孔 t a p3材料、型钢及填料3.1金属材料3.1.1黑色金属 F e r r o u s M e t a l碳素钢 c a r b o n s t e e l(C S)低碳钢 l o w-c a r b o n s t e e l中碳钢 m e d i u m-c a r b o n s t e e l高碳钢 h i g h-c a r b o n s t e e l普通碳素钢 g e n e r a l c a r b o n s t e e l优质碳素钢 h i g h-q u a l i t y c a r b o n s t e e l普通低合金结构钢 g e n e r a l s t r u c t u r e l o w-a l l o y s t e e l 合金结构钢 s t r u c t u r a l a l l o y s t e e l合金钢 a l l o y s t e e l低合金钢 l o w a l l o y s t e e l中合金钢 m e d i u m a l l o y s t e e l高合金钢 h i g h a l l o y s t e e l耐热钢 h e a t r e s i s t i n g s t e e l高强度钢 h i g h s t r e n g t h s t e e l复合钢 c l a d s t e e l工具钢 t o o l s t e e l弹簧钢 s p r i n g s t e e l钼钢 m o l y b d e n u m s t e e l镍钢 n i c k e l s t e e l铬钢 c h r o m i u m s t e e l铬钼钢 c h r o m e-m o l y b d e n u m s t e e l铬镍钢 c h r o m i u m-n i c k e l s t e e l,c h r o m e-n i c k e l s t e e l 不锈钢 s t a i n l e s s s t e e l(S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢 A u s t e n i t i c s t a i n l e s s s t e e l马氏体不锈钢 M a r t e n s i t i c s t a i n l e s s s t e e l司特来合金（钨铬钴台金） S t e l l i t e耐蚀耐热镍基合金 H a s t e l l o y铬镍铁合金 i n c o n e l耐热铬镍铁合金 i n c o l o y20合金 20a l l o y平炉钢（马丁钢） M a r t i n s t e e l镇静钢 k i l l e d s t e e l半镇静钢 s e m i-k i l l e d s t e e l沸腾钢 r i m m e d s t e e l;r i m m i n g s t e e l;o p e n-s t e e l锻钢 f o r g e d s t e e l铸钢 c a s t s t e e l铸铁 c a s t i r o n(C.I.)灰铸铁 g r e y c a s t i r o n可锻铸铁 m a l l e a b l e i r o n(M I)球墨铸铁 n o d u l a r c a s t i r o n;n o d u l a r g r a p h i t e i r o n 生铁 p i g i r o n熟铁，锻铁 w r o u g h t i r o n铸件 c a s t i n g高硅铸铁 h i g h s i l i c o n c a s t i r o n3.1.2镀层及制造方法渗铬钢，镀铬钢 c h r o m i z e d s t e e l镀铬的 c h r o m i u m-p l a t e d,c h r o m e-p l a t e d镀层 p l a t i n g锻造，型钢 s w a g e锻造的，锻造 f o r g i n g轧制 r o l l i n g热轧 h o t r o l l i n g冷轧 c o l d r o l l i n g挤压 e x t r u d i n g冷加工 c o l d w o r k i n g热加工 h o t w o r k i n g拔制 d r a w i n g3.1.3有色金属N o n-f e r r o u s M e t a l铝 a l u m i n u m铜，紫铜 c o p p e r黄铜 b r a s s青铜 b r o n z e铝青铜 a l u m i n u m b r o n z e磷青铜 p h o s p h o r b r o n z e铝镁合金 a l u m i n u m m a g n e s i u m锰青铜 m a n g a n e s e b r o n z e蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金） M o n e l镍铜台金 n i c k e l c o p p e r a l l o y非铁合金 n o n f e r r o u s a l l o y钛 t i t a n i u m铅 l e a d硬铅 h a r d l e a d3.1.4材料性能极限强度 u l t i m a t e s t r e n g t h抗拉强度 t e n s i l e s t r e n g t h屈服极限 y i e l d l i m i t屈服点 y i e l d p o i n t延伸率 p e r c e n t a g e e l o n g a t i o n抗压强度 c o m p r e s s i v e s t r e n g t h抗弯强度 b e n d i n g s t r e n g t h弹性极限 e l a s t i c l i m i t冲击值 i m p a c t v a l u e疲劳极限 f a t i g u e l i m i t蠕变极限 c r e e p l i m i t持久极限 e n d u r a n c e l i m i t布氏硬度 B r i n e l l h a r d n e s s洛氏硬度 R o c k w e l l h a r d n e s s维氏硬度 V i c k e r s d i a m o n d h a r d n e s s,d i a m o n d p e n e t r a t o r h a r d n e s s蠕变断裂强度 c r e e p r u p t u r e s t r e n g t h 断面收缩率 r e d u c t i o n o f a r e a韧性 t o u g h e s s脆性 b r i t t l e n e s s延性 d u c t i l i t y冷脆 c o l d s h o r t n e s s冷流 c o l d f l o w3.2非金属材料 N o n-m e t a l l i c M a t e r i a l塑料 p l a s t i c丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯 a c r y l o n i t r i l e-b u t a d i e n e-s t y r e n e(A B S)聚乙烯 p o l y e t h y l e n e(P E)聚氯乙烯 p o l y v i n y l c h l o r i d e(P V C)苯乙烯橡胶 s t y r e n e-r u b b e r(S R)聚丁烯 p o l y b u t y l e n e(P B)聚丙烯 p o l y p r o p y l e n e(P P)聚苯乙烯 p o l y s t y r e n e(P S)氯化聚醚 c h l o r i n a t e d p o l y e t h e r(C P E)聚酰胺 p o l y a m i d e(P A)聚碳酸酯 p o l y c a r b o n a t e(P C)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 p o l y m e t h y l m e t h a c r y l a t e(P M M A)醋酸丁酸纤维素c e l l u l o s e a c e t a t e b u t y r a t e(C A B)氯化聚氯乙烯 c h l o r i n a t e d p o l y v i n y l c h l o r i d e(C P V C)聚偏二氟乙烯 p o l y v i n y l i d e n e f l u o r i d e(P V D F)缩醛塑料 a c e t a l p l a s t i c尼龙塑料 n y l o n p l a s t i c聚烯烃 p o l y o l e f i n(P O)石墨酚醛塑料 g r a p h i t e p h e n o l i c p l a s t i c s聚四氟乙烯 p o l y t e t r a f l u o r o e t h y l e n e(P T F E)纤维增强热塑性塑料 f i b e r r e i n f o r c e d t h e r m o p l a s t i c s热塑性塑料 t h e r m o p l a s t i c热固性塑料 t h e r m o s e t t i n g p l a s t i c s胶粘剂 a d h e s i v e溶剂胶接剂 s o l v e n t c e m e n t树脂 r e s i n环氧树脂 e p o x y,e p o x y r e s i n聚酯树脂 p o l y e s t e r r e s i n聚酯纤维 p o l y e s t e r f i b e r s氟塑料 f l u o r o p l a s t i c s聚氨基甲酸酯 p o l y u r e t h a n e丙烯酸树脂 a c r y l i c r e s i n脲醛树脂 u r e a r e s i n呋哺树脂 f u r a n r e s i n乙烯丙烯二烃单体 e t h y l e n e p r o p y l e n e d i e n e m o n o m e r(E P D M)合成橡胶 s y n t h e t i c r u b b e r橡胶 r u b b e r丁腈橡胶 n i t r i l e b u t a d i e n e r u b b e r氯丁橡胶 n e o p r e n e天然橡胶 n a t u r a l r u b b e r乙丙橡胶 e t h y l e n e p r o p y l e n e r u b b e r(E P R)玻璃 g l a s s硼硅玻璃 b o r o s i l i c a t e g l a s s耐火砖 f i r e b r i c k陶瓷 c e r a m i c搪瓷 p o r c e l a i n e n a m e l木材 w o o d3.3型材型钢 s h a p e d s t e e l,s e c t i o n s t e e l,s w a g e角钢 a n g l e s t e e l槽钢 c h a n n e l工字钢 I-b e a m宽缘工字钢或H钢 w i d e f l a n g e d b e a mT型钢 T-b a r方钢 s q u a r e b a r扁钢 f l a t b a r角钢 h e x a g o n a l s t e e l b a r圆钢 r o u n d s t e e l;r o d钢带 s t r a p s t e e l钢板 p l a t e网纹钢板 c h e c k e r e d p l a t e腹板（指型钢的立板） w e b翼缘（指型钢的缘） w i n g3.4填料及填料函填料 p a c k i n g石棉绳 a s b e s t o s r o p e,a s b e s t o s c o r d．O形环 O-r i n g自密封 s e l f-s e a l i n g四氟带 T e f l o n t a p带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳 a s b e s t o s r o p e w i t h i n c o n e l w i r e,i n c o n e l w i r e a s b e s t o s 浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料 T e f l o n i m p r e g n a t e d a s b e s t o s p a c k i n g金属填料 m e t a l l i c s t u f f i n g填料箱，填料函 p a c k i n g b o x,s t u f f i n g b o x填料函压盖 s t u f f i n g b o x g l a n d4管道等级及材料统计4.1管道材料规定 P i p i n g M a t e r i a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n管道等级 p i p i n g c l a s s;p i p i n g c l a s s i f i c a t i o n管道等级号 c l a s s d e s i g n a t i o n公称直径 n o m i n a l d i a m e t e r(D N);n o m i n a l(p i p e)s i z e公称压力 n o m i n a l p r e s s u r e(P N)压力级，等级，类别 c l a s s(C L)低压 l o w p r e s s u r e(L.P.)中压 m e d i u m p r e s s u r e(M.P.)高压 h i g h p r e s s u r e(H.P.)大气压 a t m o s p h e r e(A T M)真空 v a c u u m工作压力 o p e r a t i n g p r e s s u r e;w o r k i n g p r e s s u r e设计压力 d e s i g n p r e s s u r e工作温度 o p e r a t i n g t e m p e r a t u r e设计温度 d e s i g n t e m p e r a t u r e环境温度 a m b i e n t t e m p e r a t u r e腐蚀裕量 c o r r o s i o n a l l o w a n c e管道附件 p i p i n g a t t a c h m e n t管道元件 p i p i n g e l e m e n t壁厚 w a l l t h i c k n e s s(W T)壁厚系列号 s c h e d u l e n u m b e r(S C H.N o.)加厚的，加强的 e x t r a h e a v y,e x t r a s t r o n g双倍加厚的，双倍加强的 d o u b l e e x t r a h e a v y,d o u b l e e x t r a s t r o n g通用连接组 t y p i e a l i n s t a l l a t i o n分组（类）形式（如管道等级表） b l o c k f o r m数据库 d a t a b a s e文件 f i l e4.2材料统计 M a t e r i a l T a k e-o f f(M T O)汇总表 s u m m a r y s h e e t材料表 b i l l o f m a t e r i a l(B M)综合管道材料表 c o n s o l i d a t e d p i p i n g m a t e r i a l s u m m a r y s h e e t(C P M S S)统计材料准确度 a c c u r a c y o f t a k e-o f f材料情况报告 m a t e r i a l s t a t u s r e p o r t(M S R)散装材料 b u l k m a t e r i a l编位号的 i t e m i z e d代码 c o d e n u m b e r短代码 s h o r t c o d e数量 q u a n t i t y(Q T Y)重力 w e i g h t净重 n e t w e i g h t毛重 g r o s s w e i g h t5设备布置及管道布置P l o t P l a n a n d P i p i n g L a y o u t,E q u i p m e n t a n d P i p i n g A r r a n g e m e n t 5.1设备名称 E q u i p m e n t N a m e5.1.1容器 V e s s e l(1)塔 t o w e r,c o l u m n洗涤塔 s c r u b b e r吸收塔 a b s o r b e r冷却塔 c o o l i n g t o w e r精馏塔 f r a c t i o n a t i n g t o w e r蒸馏塔 d i s t i l l a t i o n t o w e r再生塔 r e g e n e r i n g t o w e r造粒塔 p r f l l i n g t o w e r汽提塔 s t r i p p e r脱气塔 d e g a s i f i e r合成塔 s y n t h e s i s t o w e r(2)反应器 r e a c t o r聚台釜 p o l y m e r i z e r转化器，变换器 c o n v e r t e r脱硫反应器 d e s u l p h u r i z a t i o n r e a c t o r甲烷化器 m e t h a n a t o r(3)气柜 g a s-h o l d e r螺旋式气柜 h e l i c a l g a s-h o l d e r湿式气柜 w e t g a s-h o l d e r干式气柜 d r y g a s-h o l d e r(4)槽罐贮罐 t a n k;s t o r a g e t a n k缓冲罐 k n o c k o u t d r u m球罐 s p h e r o i d,s p h e r i c a l t a n k罐 d r u m接受槽 r e c e i v e r计量槽 m e a s u r i n g t a n k加料槽 f e e d t a n k排污罐 b l o w d o w n t a n k闪蒸罐 f l a s h d r u m汽包 s t e a m d r u m溶液贮槽 s o l u t i o n s t o r a g e t a n k地下槽 s l o p t a n k(5)其它设备分离器 s e p a r a t o r旋风分离器 c y c l o n e分子筛 m o l e c u l a r s i e v e脱氧器 d e a e r a t o r搅拌器 a g i t a t o r干燥器 d r y e r混合器 m i x e r萃取器 e x t r a c t o r结晶器 c r y s t a l l i z e r。
化工管道设计技术词汇英汉对照(完整版)
化工管道设计技术词汇（完整版）化工管道设计技术词汇An Glossary of Chemical Industry Piping Design汉英、英汉对照Chinese-English & English-Chinese全国化工工艺配管设计技术中心站1 管道组成件1.1 管子.................................................................................................1.2 管件.................................................................................................1.3 弯管.................................................................................................1.4 法兰.................................................................................................1.5 垫片.................................................................................................1.6 阀门.................................................................................................1.6.1 阀门结构、零件.............................................................................1.6.2 常用阀.............................................................................................1.6.3 其它用途的阀.................................................................................1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀.........................................................1.7 管道特殊件...........................................................................................1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）.....................................................................1.7.2 管道特殊元件.................................................................................1.8 端部连接.............................................................................................2 管道用紧固件及螺纹.2.1 紧固件...............................................................................................2.2 螺纹.................................................................................................3 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料.............................................................................................3.1.1 黑色金属.........................................................................................3.1.2 镀层及制造方法.............................................................................3.1.3 有色金属.........................................................................................3.1.4 材料性能.........................................................................................3.2 非金属材料...........................................................................................3.3 型材.................................................................................................3.4 填料及填料函.........................................................................................4 管道等级及材料统计4.1 管道材料规定.........................................................................................4.2 材料统计.............................................................................................5 设备布置及管道布置5.1 设备名称.............................................................................................5.1.1 容器...............................................................................................5.1.2 工业炉及锅炉.................................................................................5.1.3 转动机器.........................................................................................5.1.4 贮运、装卸及起重机械.................................................................5.2 辅助用房名称.........................................................................................5.2.1 生产用房.........................................................................................5.2.2 生活用房.........................................................................................5.3 图名.................................................................................................5.4 厂房、站、单元......................................................................................5.5 设备布置.............................................................................................5.6 管道布置.............................................................................................5.7 图面标注.............................................................................................5.8 相关专业的专业词汇..............................................................................5.8.1 工艺...............................................................................................5.8.2 建筑、结构.....................................................................................5.8.3 仪表...............................................................................................5.8.4 电气...............................................................................................5.8.5 设备...............................................................................................5.8.6 水道...............................................................................................6 管道支吊架6.1 管道零部件...........................................................................................6.2 管支架型式...........................................................................................6.3 标准及通用型支架..................................................................................6.4 管架安装.............................................................................................7 应力计算8 隔热、隔声9 防腐、涂漆及腐蚀种类.10 焊接10.1 焊接种类............................................................................................10.2 焊接形式............................................................................................10.3 焊接位置............................................................................................10.4 焊接缺陷............................................................................................10.5 其它................................................................................................11 热处理11.1 普通热处理............................................................................................11.2 表面热处理............................................................................................12 检验及试验12.1 检验................................................................................................12.2 试验................................................................................................13 设计阶段及管理14 询价、报价及采购14.1 询价、报价..........................................................................................14.2 采购................................................................................................15 单位...................... ............................... ............................... ............................... ............................... ............................... .............. ...................... ......................................................... ........................................................ .......................................................... .................... .............. .................... .................... ......................... ............................. .............................................. ...................................................... ........................ ................ .................................. .................... .................... ............................... ..................... ........................... ........................... ........................... ................. ........................ .................. ........................ ........................ ........................ ................................................. ......................... ................... ..................................................... .......................... .......................... .......................... .................................................... 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化工管道设计技术词汇
化工管道设计技术词汇1 管道组成件Piping component1.1 管子Pipe管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube 钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe 铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless (SMLS) steel pipe 焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube直管run pipe; straight pipe1.2 管件Fitting 弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbowk半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return 短半径180°弯头short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet) 异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head)45°斜三通45° lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45°lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45°lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45°lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y四通cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer 偏心异径管eccentric reducer 锻制异径管reducing swage 螺纹支管台threadolet 焊接支管台weldolet 承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss 管接头coupling, full coupling 半管接头half coupling 异径管接头reducing coupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing 管帽cap (C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple1.3 弯管Bend预制弯管fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形）cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形）offset bend90°弯管quarter bend环形弯管cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形）single offset quarter bend S形弯管“S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形）single offset “U” bendU形弯管“U” bend双偏置U膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管corrugated bend圆度roundness1.4 法兰Flange (FLG）整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖blind flange, blind孔板法兰orifice flange异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰 pad type flange松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰 welding plate flange对焊环welding neck collar （与stub end相似）平焊环welding-on collar突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端lapped pipe end松套板式法兰loose plate flange压力级pressure rating, pressure rating class 压力—温度等级pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面flange facing突面raised face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面female face (FMF)榫面tongue face槽面groove face环连接面ring joint face全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工facing finish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形serrated均方根root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式type of gasket平垫片flat gasket环形平垫片flat ring gasket平金属垫片flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion 夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement 无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环inner ring外环，外定位环outer ring波纹金属垫片corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket 金属包石棉平垫片flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket透镜式垫片lens gasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasket1.6 阀门Valve1.6.1 阀门结构、零件阀轭yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭outside screw and yoke (OS & Y) 阀杆stem内螺纹inside screw (IS)阀轭套yoke sleeve阀杆环stem ring阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈seat ring整体（阀）座integral seat堆焊（阀）座deposited seat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件）trim阀盘disc阀盘密封圈disc seat阀体body阀盖bonnet阀盖衬套bonnet bush螺纹阀帽screw cap螺纹阀盖screw bonnet螺栓连接的阀盖bolted bonnet (BB)活接阀盖（帽）union bonnet (cap)螺栓连接的阀帽bolted cap (BC)焊接阀盖welded bonnet (WB)本体阀杆密封body stem seal石棉安全密封asbestos emenen seal倒密封back seal压力密封的阀盖pressure-tight bonnet动力操纵器powered operator 电动操纵器electric motor operator气动操纵器pneumatic operator液压操纵器hydraulic operator快速操纵器quick-acting operator滑动阀杆sliding stem正齿轮传动spur gear operated伞齿轮传动bevel gear operated扳手操作wrench operated链轮chain wheel手轮hand wheel手柄hand lever (handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的cylinder operated链条操纵的chain operated等径孔道full bore; full port异径孔道reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port 短型short pattern紧凑型（小型）compact type笼式环lantern ring压盖gland阀杆填料stem packing阀盖垫片bonnet gasket升杆式（明杆）rising stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆）non-rising stem (NRS)指示器/限位器indicator/stopper注油器grease injector可更换的阀座环renewable seat ring1.6.2 常用阀(1）闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat开口楔形闸板split wedge挠性整体楔形闸扳flexible solid wedge 整体楔形闸板solid wedge塞型闸阀plug gate valve直通型闸阀through conduit gate valve(2) 截止阀globe valve球心型阀盘globe type disc塞型阀盘plug type disc可转动的阀盘swivel disc(3) 节流闪阀throttle valve针阀needle valve(4) 角阀angle valve(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体截止阀）Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)(6) 球阀ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve装有底轴的trunnion mounted 耐火型fire safe type 浮动球型floating ball type防脱出阀杆blowout proof stem(7) 蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式（薄片型）wafer type凸耳式lug type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve 连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve8) 柱塞阀piston type valve(9) 旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve 四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve 旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock(10) 隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve堰式隔膜阀weir diaphragm valve(11) 夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12) 止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve, flap check valve 落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve双板对夹式止回阀dual plate wafer type check valve 无撞击声止回阀non-slam cheek valve 底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve; non-return valve 活塞式止回阀piston check valve斜翻盘止回阀tilting disc check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve1.6.3 其它用途的阀安全泄气阀safety valve (SV)安全泄液阀relief valve (RV)安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀pilot operated safety valve复式安全泄气阀twin type safety valve罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve电磁阀solenoid valve, solenoid operated valve电动阀electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阎mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open bucket trap, open top bucket trap 浮球式疏水阀float trap 倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀metal expansion steam trap 液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀liquid expansion steam trap 双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀bimetallic expansion steam trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放气阀（自动放气阀）air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （疏水阀用）平板式滑动闸阀slab type sliding gate valve盖阀flat valve换向阀diverting valve, reversing valve热膨胀阀thermo expansion valve自动关闭阀self-closing gate valve自动排液阀self-draining valve管道盲板阀line-blind valve挤压阀squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀breather valve风门、挡板damper减压阀pressure reducing valve, reducing valve 控制阀control valve膜式控制阀diaphragm operated control valve执行机构actuator背压调节阀back pressure regulating valve差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve 压力比例调节阀pressure ratio regulating valve1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve 调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阔jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve多通路阀multiport valve 取样阀sampling valve手动阀hand-operated valve; manually operated valve锻造阀forged valve铸造阀cast valve（水）龙头bibb; bib; faucet抽出液阀（小阀）bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve第一道阀；根部阀primary valve根部阀root valve总管阀header valve事故切断阀emergency valve1.7 管道特殊件Piping Specialty 1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时粗滤器（锥型）temporary strainer (cone type) y 型粗滤器y-type strainerT型粗滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter丝网粗滤器gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷嘴；喷头spray nozzle取样冷却器sample cooler消声器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow expansion joint单波single bellow 双波double bellow多波multiple bellow压力平衡式膨胀节pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节axial movement type expansion joint自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）self-equalizing expansion joint带接杆膨胀节tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节universal type expansion joint球形补偿器ball type expansion joint填函式补偿器slip type (packed type) expansion joint单向滑动填料函补偿器single actionpacked slip joint1.7.2 管道特殊元件Piping Special Element软管接头hose connection (HC) 快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose 橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube鞍形补强板reinforcing saddles补强板reinforcement pad 特殊法兰special flange 漏斗funnel排液环drip ring排液漏斗drain funnel插板blank 垫环spacer8字盲板spectacle blind; figure 8 blind 限流孔板restriction orifice爆破片rupture disk法兰盖贴面protective disc费托立克接头victaulic coupling1.8 端部连接End Connection法兰端flanged end坡口端beveled end (BE)对焊端butt welded end平端plain end (PE)承插焊端socket welding end螺纹端threaded end (TE)承口bell end焊接端welding end法兰连接（接头）flanged joint对焊连接（接头）butt welded joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接threaded joint, pipe threaded joint锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint承插焊连接（接头）socket welded joint承插连接（接头）bell and spigot joint环垫接头ring joint (RJ)万向接头universal joint 软钎焊连接（接头）soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevel for combined thickness法兰式的flanged (FLGD)对焊的butt welded (BW)螺纹的threaded (THD)承插焊的socket welded (SW)小端为平的small end plain (SEP)大端为平的large end plain (LEP)两端平both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹large end thread (LET)两端带螺纹both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹one end thread (OET)支管连接branch connection焊接支管branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe2 管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1 紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓hexagonal head bolt方头螺栓square head bolt螺柱，双头螺栓stud bolt环头螺检eye bolt沉头螺栓countersunk (head) screw 地脚螺栓anchor bolt; foundation bolt 松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝）turnbuckle U形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉round head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉maehine bolt顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓Jack screw自攻螺钉self tapping screw膨胀螺栓expansion bolt粗制的coarse精制的finished, fine螺母nut六角螺母hexagonal nut 方螺母square nut蝶形螺母wing nut扁螺母flat nut锁紧螺母lock nut垫圈washer平垫圈plain washer球面垫圈spherical washer 弹簧垫圈spring washer 方垫圈square washer斜垫圈slant washer销轴pinned shan销pin开口销cotter pin定位销dowel pin带孔销pin with hole圆锥销taper pin铆钉rivet键key2.2 螺纹左螺纹left hand thread右螺纹right hand thread管螺纹pipe thread锥管螺纹taper pipe thread 直管螺纹straight pipe thread 梯形螺纹trapezoid thread 螺距pitch of thread粗牙螺纹coarse thread细牙螺纹fine thread 特细牙螺纹extra fine thread通长螺纹full thread惠氏螺纹whitworth thread公制螺纹metric ibread美国标准锥管螺纹American standard taper pipe thread (NPT)螺孔tap3 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属Ferrous Metal碳素钢carbon steel (CS) 低碳钢low-carbon steel中碳钢medium-carbon steel高碳钢high-carbon steel普通碳素钢general carbon steel优质碳素钢high-quality carbon steel普通低合金结构钢general structure low-alloy steel合金结构钢structural alloy steel合金钢alloy steel低合金钢low alloy steel中合金钢medium alloy steel高合金钢high alloy steel耐热钢heat resisting steel高强度钢high strength steel复合钢clad steel工具钢tool steel弹簧钢spring steel钼钢molybdenum steel镍钢nickel steel铬钢chromium steel铬钼钢chrome-molybdenum steel铬镍钢chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel不锈钢stainless steel (S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢Martensitic stainless steel司特来合金（钨铬钴台金）Stellite耐蚀耐热镍基合金Hastelloy铬镍铁合金inconel耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy20合金20 alloy平炉钢（马丁钢）Martin steel镇静钢killed steel半镇静钢semi-killed steel沸腾钢rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel锻钢forged steel铸钢cast steel铸铁cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁grey cast iron可锻铸铁malleable iron (MI)球墨铸铁nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron 生铁pig iron熟铁，锻铁wrought iron铸件casting高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron3.1.2 镀层及制造方法渗铬钢，镀铬钢chromized steel镀铬的chromium-plated, chrome-plated镀层plating锻造，型钢swage锻造的，锻造forging轧制rolling热轧hot rolling冷轧cold rolling挤压extruding冷加工cold working热加工hot working拔制drawing3.1.3 有色金属Non-ferrous Metal铝aluminum铜，紫铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze铝青铜aluminum bronze磷青铜phosphor bronze铝镁合金aluminum magnesium锰青铜manganese bronze蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金）Monel镍铜台金nickel copper alloy非铁合金nonferrous alloy钛titanium铅lead硬铅hard lead3.1.4 材料性能极限强度ultimate strength抗拉强度tensile strength屈服极限yield limit屈服点yield point延伸率percentage elongation抗压强度compressive strength抗弯强度bending strength弹性极限elastic limit冲击值impact value疲劳极限fatigue limit蠕变极限creep limit持久极限endurance limit布氏硬度Brinell hardness洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness维氏硬度Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness 蠕变断裂强度creep rupture strength断面收缩率reduction of area韧性toughess脆性brittleness延性ductility冷脆cold shortness冷流cold flow3.2 非金属材料Non-metallic Material塑料plastic丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) 聚乙烯polyethylene (PE)聚氯乙烯polyvinyl chloride (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶styrene-rubber (SR)聚丁烯polybutylene (PB)聚丙烯polypropylene (PP)聚苯乙烯polystyrene (PS)氯化聚醚chlorinated polyether (CPE)聚酰胺polyamide (PA)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate (PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤维素cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)缩醛塑料acetal plastic尼龙塑料nylon plastic聚烯烃polyolefin (PO)石墨酚醛塑料graphite phenolic plastics聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)纤维增强热塑性塑料fiber reinforced thermoplastics热塑性塑料thermoplastic热固性塑料thermosetting plastics胶粘剂adhesive溶剂胶接剂solvent cement树脂resin环氧树脂epoxy, epoxy resin聚酯树脂polyester resin聚酯纤维polyester fibers氟塑料fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane丙烯酸树脂acrylic resin脲醛树脂urea resin呋哺树脂furan resin乙烯丙烯二烃单体ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) 合成橡胶synthetic rubber橡胶rubber丁腈橡胶nitrile butadiene rubber氯丁橡胶neoprene天然橡胶natural rubber乙丙橡胶ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃borosilicate glass耐火砖fire brick陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel木材wood3.3 型材型钢shaped steel, section steel, swage角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beamT型钢T-bar方钢square bar扁钢flat bar角钢hexagonal steel bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel钢板plate网纹钢板checkered plate腹板（指型钢的立板）web翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing3.4 填料及填料函填料packing石棉绳asbestos rope, asbestos cord．O形环O-ring自密封self-sealing四氟带Teflon tap带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos 浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflon impregnated asbestos packing金属填料metallic stuffing填料箱，填料函packing box, stuffing box填料函压盖stuffing box gland4 管道等级及材料统计4.1 管道材料规定Piping Material Specification管道等级piping class; piping classification管道等级号class designation公称直径nominal diameter (DN); nominal (pipe) size公称压力nominal pressure (PN)压力级，等级，类别class (CL)低压low pressure (L.P.)中压medium pressure (M.P.)高压high pressure (H.P.)大气压atmosphere (ATM)真空vacuum工作压力operating pressure; working pressure设计压力design pressure工作温度operating temperature设计温度design temperature环境温度ambient temperature腐蚀裕量corrosion allowance管道附件piping attachment管道元件piping element壁厚wall thickness (WT)壁厚系列号schedule number (SCH. No.)加厚的，加强的extra heavy, extra strong双倍加厚的，双倍加强的double extra heavy, double extra strong通用连接组typieal installation分组（类）形式（如管道等级表）block form数据库data base文件file4.2 材料统计Material Take-off (MTO)汇总表summary sheet材料表bill of material (BM)综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheet (CPMSS) 统计材料准确度accuracy of take-off材料情况报告material status report (MSR)散装材料bulk material编位号的itemized代码code number短代码short code数量quantity (QTY)重力weight净重net weight毛重gross weight5 设备布置及管道布置Plot Plan and Piping Layout,Equipment and Piping Arrangement5.1 设备名称Equipment Name5.1.1 容器Vessel(1) 塔tower, column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower蒸馏塔distillation tower再生塔regenering tower造粒塔prflling tower汽提塔stripper脱气塔degasifier合成塔synthesis tower(2) 反应器reactor聚台釜polymerizer转化器，变换器converter脱硫反应器desulphurization reactor甲烷化器methanator(3) 气柜gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder(4) 槽罐贮罐tank; storage tank缓冲罐knock out drum球罐spheroid, spherical tank罐drum接受槽receiver计量槽measuring tank加料槽feed tank排污罐blow down tank闪蒸罐flash drum汽包steam drum溶液贮槽solution storage tank地下槽sloptank(5) 其它设备分离器separator旋风分离器cyclone分子筛molecular sieve脱氧器deaerator搅拌器agitator干燥器dryer混合器mixer萃取器extractor结晶器crystallizer澄清器gravity settler净化器purifier气化器vaporizer吸附器adsorber融解槽melter减温器desuperheater升压器booster喷射器ejector喷头sprayer火炬flare消声器silencer(6) 换热器、加热器、冷却器换热器heat exchanger空冷器air cooler水冷却器water cooler冷凝器condenser螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler急冷器quencher深冷器chiller预热器preheater再热器reheater加热器heater电加热器electric heater过热器super heater给水加热器feed water heater中间冷却器inter cooler后冷却器after cooler5.1.2 工业炉及锅炉炉子furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler烟囱stack废热锅炉waste heat boiler辅助锅炉auxiliary boiler省煤器economizer回热炉direct-fired heater辐射段radiant section对流段convection section裂化炉reformer焚烧炉incinerator回转窑rotary kiln炉管furnace tube吹灰器soot blower观察孔observation door, peep door防爆门explosion door5.2 辅助用房名称5.2.1 生产用房分析室analyzer room变压器室transformer room配电室，变电所substation, switch room蓄电池室battery room控制室control room通风室ventilating room贮藏室storage room维修间maintenance room办公室office5.2.2 生活用房更农室locker room盥洗室，厕所closet, lavatory, toilet5.3 图名管道布置平面piping arrangement plan (PAP) 管道布置piping layout轴测图isometric drawing分区索引图key plan初版设备布置图（“A”版）preliminary plot plan ( “A” issue)内部审查版设备布置图（“B”版）inrernal approval plot plan ( “B” issue)用户审查版设备布置图（“C”版) owner approval plot plan ( “C” issue)确认版设备布置图（“D”版）confirm plot plan ( “D” issue)研究版设备布置图（“e”版）planning plot plan ( “E” issue)设计版设备布置图（“F”）designing plot plan ( “F” issue)施工版设备布置图（“G”版）construction plot plan ( “G” issue)5.4 厂房、站、单元压缩机房compressor house (room)泵房pump house (room)洗眼站eye washer station泡沫站foam station软管站，公用工程站hose station (HS), utility station成套设备package unit设施facilities罐区tank yard空分装置air separation facility5.5 设备布置设备位号equipment item number工厂plant工厂区界plant limit项目区界内侧inside battery limit (I.S.B.L.)项目区界batterylimit (BL)区界area limit区域边界zone iimit界外off site东east (E)西west (W)南south (S)北north (N)上up下down工厂北向plant north真实北向true north道路road小过道cat walk, cat way走道，过道walk way, gangway, access way污水坑（井）sump pit集水池catch basin沟槽through预留区trough场地future area铺砌区paving area非铺砌区unpaved area碎石铺面gravel paving橡皮铺面rubber paving面积，区域area体积，容积volume (VOL)5.6 管道布置管道设计piping design管道研究piping study走向研究routing study重要管道critical piping地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管网network of pipes管廊pipe rack管沟piping trench管间距line spacing管道跨距line span总管header, manifold旁路by pass排液drain放空vent上升管，垂直管riser导管canduit裸管bare iine管件直接fitting to fitting (FTF)管段，接口spool piece, spool取样接口sampling connection集液包drip leg伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing夹套管jacketed line, jacketed piping 全夹套的full jacketed平面plan详图detail“ ”视图X view “X”“ ”剖视A-A section “A-A”连接图hook up drawing接续图continue on drawing (COD)接续线match line (M.L.)比例scale图例legend符号symbol管口表list of nozzles方位orientation管口方位nozzle orientation定位location相交intersection水平的horizontal垂直的，立式的vertical垂直，正交，垂直的perpendicular平行，平行的parallel水平安装horizontal installation垂直安装vertical installafion对称的symmetric相反（的），对面（的）opposite顺时针方向clock wise逆时针方向counter clock wise计算机辅助设计computer aided design (CAD) 5.7 图面标注绝对标高abselute elevation海平面标高over-sea mean level (OSL)标高，立面elevation (EL)混凝土顶面top of concrete架顶面top of support (TOS)钢结构顶面top of steel梁项面top of beam (TOB)支撑点point of suppon (POS)管顶top of pipe (TOP)管底bouom of pipe (BOP)沟底boaom of trench管子内底invert (inside bottom of pipe)底平flat on bottom (FOB)顶平flat on top (FOT)工作点working point (W.P.)面至面face to face (F-F)中心至端面center to end (C-E)中心至面center to face (C-F)中心至中心，中至中center to center (C-C)坐标coordinate坐标原点origin of coordinate出口中心线center line of discharge入口中心线center line of suction中心线centerline (CL)入口inlet, suction出口outlet, discharge排出口exhaust距离distance5.8 相关专业的专业词汇5.8.1 工艺(1) 图及表流程图flow diagram工艺流程图process flow diagram (PFD)管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument flow diagram (PID)公用工程流程图utility flow diagram (UFD) 管线表line list; line schedule命名表；管道表nomenclature设备表equipment list (schedule)(2) 流体fluid空气air仪表空气instrument air工艺空气process air低压蒸汽low pressure steam中压蒸汽medium pressure steam高压蒸汽high pressure steam伴热蒸汽tracing steam饱和蒸汽saturated steam过热蒸汽superheated steam氧气oxygen氢气hydrogen氮气nitrogen燃料气fuel gas天然气natural gas火炬气flare gas酸性气sour gas液化石油气liquefired petroleum gas (LPG) 氨气ammonia gas冷却水cooling循环水circulating water锅炉给水boiler feed water热水hot water蒸汽冷凝水steam condensate盐水brine工艺水process water化学污水chemical sewage防腐剂corrosion inhibitor重油heavy oil石脑油naphtha燃料油fuel oil润滑油lubricating oil密封油sealing oil冷冻剂refrigerant载热体heating medium溶剂solvent溶液solution母液mother liquor单体monomer聚合物polymer均聚物homopolymer共聚物copolymer工艺液体process liquid工艺气体process gas硫酸sulphuric acid盐酸chlorhydric acid硝酸nitric acid烧碱caustic soda(3) 流体特性fluid characteristics 蒸汽压vapor pressure临界温度critical temperature临界点critical point临界压力critical pressure比热specific heat湿度humidity密度density比重specific gravity粘度viscosity闪点flash point融点melting point凝固点freezing point浓度concentration爆炸极限limit of explosion有毒的toxic可燃的；易燃的flammable (4) 其它回收recovery再生regeneration循环cireulatlon再循环；再生recycle补充make-up制备preparation蒸汽吹扫steaming out吹扫purge抽空；排空evacuation吹出blow-off排污blow down破真空vacuum breaker大气腿barometric leg备用stand-by化学清洗chemical cleaning净正吸入压头net positive suction head (NPSH) 进料feed成品product污染contamination大气污染atmospheric pollution环境温度ambient temperature5.8.2 建筑、结构建筑物building钢结构steel structure已有钢结构existing steel structure钢筋混凝土结构reinforced concrete construction 楼面floor平台platform (PF)地面ground level栏杆handrail楼梯stair; stair way直梯ladder柱column; post; stanchion基础foundation; footing粱beam斜撑；支撑bracing桁架；主粱girder构件member隔墙partition wall墙wall篦子板grate; grating吊装孔erection opening吊梁hoisting beam棚shelter窗window天窗skylight门door防火门fire door地漏floor drain防火层fire-proofing总图general plot plan路肩shoulder桩pile灌浆grouting风荷载wind load雪荷载snow load动力荷载dynamic load静荷载dead load活荷载live load风速wind velocity主导风向most frequent wind direction5.8.3 仪表盘（操作盘）panel就地盘local panel仪表盘instrument panel常开normally open常闭normally closed电缆槽（架）cable tray (channel); cable rack 仪表电缆槽（架）instrument cable tray (duct) 压力计manometer; pressure gauge热电偶thermocouple温度计thermometer液位计level gauge玻璃液位计gage glass温度计保护管thermowell流量计flow meter孔板orifice变送器transmitter联锁interlock仪器；设备apparatus仪器分析instrumental analysis自动分析automatic analysis气体分析gas analysis化学分析chemical analysis气相色谱仪gas chromatograph液相色谱仪liquid chromatograph质谱分析mass spectrometric analysis5.8.4 电气危险区划分hazardous area classification危险区平面图hazardous area plan 电气盘electrical panel配电盘switch board电缆沟cable trench电流current直流direct current交流alternating current频率frequency相位phase功率因数power factor电压voltage电阻resistance电容capacitance静电static electricity接地grounding; easthing照明lighting; illumination避雷针lightning preventer电话telephone电线wire接线箱（盒）junction box导线管conduit tube5.8.5 设备固定鞍座fixed saddle滑动鞍座sliding saddle管口nozzle人孔manhole (MH)手孔handhole (HH)检查孔inspection hole吊柱davit切线tangent line焊接线weldingiine件号part humbet椭圆形封头ellipsoidal head加强圈reinforcing ring接地板earth lug吊耳lifting lug气缸cylinder轴shaft轴承bearing附件，附属设备accessory编位号设备itemized equipment无位号设备non-itemized equipment 5.8.6 水道(1) 流体原水raw water硬水hard water软水soft water饮用水potable water循环冷却水给水cooling water supply 循环冷却水回水cooling water return 脱盐水demineralized water苦咸水（碱性水）brackish water生活污水sanitary sewer工业废水industrial waste water雨水rain water污染雨水contaminated rain water消防水fire water(2) 装置、设施软化装置softener沉淀器settler沉淀池clarifier脱盐装置demineralizer水处理water traatment冷却塔cooling tower中和池neutralization tank化粪池septic tank渗滤井soak-away pit井well阀井valve pit清扫口clean out（3）消防消火栓hydrant水炮water monitor洒水器sprinkler水喷淋watering灭火器fire extinguisher消防水泵fire pump消防车fire fighting truck泡沫消防foam fire-fighting泡沫栓foam hydrant泡沫炮foam monitor消防软管接头fire hose connection。
化工管道设计技术词汇
化工管道设计技术词汇安静的转帖┊安静的首页图面标注绝对标高 abselute elevation海平面标高 over-sea mean level (OSL)标高，立面 elevation (EL)混凝土顶面 top of concrete架顶面 top of support (TOS)钢结构顶面 top of steel梁项面 top of beam (TOB)支撑点 point of suppon (POS)管顶 top of pipe (TOP)管底 bouom of pipe (BOP)沟底 boaom of trench管子内底 invert (inside bottom of pipe)底平 flat on bottom (FOB)顶平 flat on top (FOT)工作点 working point (W.P.)面至面 face to face (F-F)中心至端面 center to end (C-E)中心至面 center to face (C-F)中心至中心，中至中 center to center (C-C) 坐标 coordinate坐标原点 origin of coordinate出口中心线 center line of discharge入口中心线 center line of suction中心线 centerline (CL)入口 inlet, suction出口 outlet, discharge排出口 exhaust距离 distance5.2 辅助用房名称5.2.1 生产用房分析室 analyzer room变压器室 transformer room配电室，变电所 substation, switch room蓄电池室 battery room控制室 control room通风室 ventilating room贮藏室 storage room维修间 maintenance room办公室 office5.2.2 生活用房更农室 locker room盥洗室，厕所 closet, lavatory, toilet5.3 图名管道布置平面 piping arrangement plan (PAP)管道布置 piping layout轴测图 isometric drawing分区索引图 key plan初版设备布置图（“A”版） preliminary plot plan ( “A” issue)内部审查版设备布置图（“B”版） inrernal approval plot plan ( “B” issue) 用户审查版设备布置图（“C”版) owner approval plot plan ( “C” issue)确认版设备布置图（“D”版） confirm plot plan ( “D” issue)研究版设备布置图（“e”版） planning plot plan ( “E” issue)设计版设备布置图（“F”） designing plot plan ( “F” issue)施工版设备布置图（“G”版） construction plot plan ( “G” issue)5.4 厂房、站、单元压缩机房 compressor house (room)泵房 pump house (room)洗眼站 eye washer station泡沫站 foam station软管站，公用工程站 hose station (HS), utility station成套设备 package unit设施 facilities罐区 tank yard空分装置 air separation facility5.5 设备布置设备位号 equipment item number工厂 plant工厂区界 plant limit项目区界内侧 inside battery limit (I.S.B.L.)项目区界 batterylimit (BL)区界 area limit区域边界 zone iimit界外 off site东 east (E)西 west (W)南 south (S)北 north (N)上 up下 down工厂北向 plant north真实北向 true north道路 road小过道 cat walk, cat way走道，过道 walk way, gangway, access way 污水坑（井） sump pit集水池 catch basin沟槽 through预留区 trough场地 future area铺砌区 paving area非铺砌区 unpaved area碎石铺面 gravel paving橡皮铺面 rubber paving面积，区域 area体积，容积 volume (VOL)5.6 管道布置管道设计 piping design管道研究 piping study走向研究 routing study重要管道 critical piping地上管道 above ground piping地下管道 under ground piping管网 network of pipes管廊 pipe rack管沟 piping trench管间距 line spacing管道跨距 line span总管 header, manifold旁路 by pass排液 drain放空 vent上升管，垂直管 riser导管 canduit裸管 bare iine管件直接 fitting to fitting (FTF)管段，接口 spool piece, spool取样接口 sampling connection集液包 drip leg伴热管 tracing pipe蒸汽伴热 steam tracing热水伴热 hot-water tracing电伴热 electrical tracing夹套管 jacketed line, jacketed piping全夹套的 full jacketed平面 plan详图 detail“”视图X view “X”“”剖视A-A section “A-A”连接图 hook up drawing接续图 continue on drawing (COD)接续线 match line (M.L.)比例 scale图例 legend符号 symbol管口表 list of nozzles方位 orientation管口方位 nozzle orientation定位 location相交 intersection水平的 horizontal垂直的，立式的 vertical垂直，正交，垂直的 perpendicular平行，平行的 parallel水平安装 horizontal installation垂直安装 vertical installafion对称的 symmetric相反（的），对面（的） opposite顺时针方向 clock wise逆时针方向 counter clock wise计算机辅助设计 computer aided design (CAD)5.8 相关专业的专业词汇5.8.1 工艺(1) 图及表流程图 flow diagram工艺流程图 process flow diagram (PFD)管道及仪表流程图 piping andinstrument flow diagram (PID)公用工程流程图 utility flow diagram (UFD)管线表 line list; line schedule命名表；管道表 nomenclature设备表 equipment list (schedule)(2) 流体 fluid空气 air仪表空气 instrument air工艺空气 process air低压蒸汽 low pressure steam中压蒸汽 medium pressure steam高压蒸汽 high pressure steam伴热蒸汽 tracing steam饱和蒸汽 saturated steam过热蒸汽 superheated steam氧气 oxygen氢气 hydrogen氮气 nitrogen燃料气 fuel gas天然气 natural gas火炬气 flare gas酸性气 sour gas液化石油气 liquefired petroleum gas (LPG) 氨气 ammonia gas冷却水 cooling循环水 circulating water锅炉给水 boiler feed water热水 hot water蒸汽冷凝水 steam condensate盐水 brine工艺水 process water化学污水 chemical sewage防腐剂 corrosion inhibitor重油 heavy oil石脑油 naphtha燃料油 fuel oil润滑油 lubricating oil密封油 sealing oil冷冻剂 refrigerant载热体 heating medium溶剂 solvent溶液 solution母液 mother liquor单体 monomer聚合物 polymer均聚物 homopolymer共聚物 copolymer工艺液体 process liquid工艺气体 process gas硫酸 sulphuric acid盐酸 chlorhydric acid硝酸 nitric acid烧碱 caustic soda(3) 流体特性 fluid characteristics蒸汽压 vapor pressure临界温度 critical temperature临界点 critical point临界压力 critical pressure比热 specific heat湿度 humidity密度 density比重 specific gravity粘度 viscosity闪点 flash point融点 melting point凝固点 freezing point浓度 concentration爆炸极限 limit of explosion有毒的 toxic可燃的；易燃的 flammable(4) 其它回收 recovery再生 regeneration循环 cireulatlon再循环；再生 recycle补充 make-up制备 preparation蒸汽吹扫 steaming out吹扫 purge抽空；排空 evacuation吹出 blow-off排污 blow down破真空 vacuum breaker大气腿 barometric leg备用 stand-by化学清洗 chemical cleaning净正吸入压头 net positive suction head (NPSH) 进料 feed成品 product污染 contamination大气污染 atmospheric pollution环境温度 ambient temperature5.8.2 建筑、结构建筑物 building钢结构 steel structure已有钢结构 existing steel structure钢筋混凝土结构 reinforced concrete construction 楼面 floor平台 platform (PF)地面 ground level栏杆 handrail楼梯 stair; stair way直梯 ladder柱 column; post; stanchion基础 foundation; footing粱 beam斜撑；支撑 bracing桁架；主粱 girder构件 member隔墙 partition wall墙 wall篦子板 grate; grating吊装孔 erection opening吊梁 hoisting beam棚 shelter窗 window天窗 skylight门 door防火门 fire door地漏 floor drain防火层 fire-proofing总图 general plot plan路肩 shoulder桩 pile灌浆 grouting风荷载 wind load雪荷载 snow load动力荷载 dynamic load静荷载 dead load活荷载 live load风速 wind velocity主导风向 most frequent wind direction5.8.3 仪表盘（操作盘） panel就地盘 local panel仪表盘 instrument panel常开 normally open常闭 normally closed电缆槽（架） cable tray (channel); cable rack 仪表电缆槽（架） instrument cable tray (duct) 压力计 manometer; pressure gauge热电偶 thermocouple温度计 thermometer液位计 level gauge玻璃液位计 gage glass温度计保护管 thermowell流量计 flow meter孔板 orifice变送器 transmitter联锁 interlock仪器；设备 apparatus仪器分析 instrumental analysis自动分析 automatic analysis气体分析 gas analysis化学分析 chemical analysis气相色谱仪 gas chromatograph液相色谱仪 liquid chromatograph质谱分析 mass spectrometric analysis5.8.4 电气危险区划分 hazardous area classification危险区平面图 hazardous area plan电气盘 electrical panel配电盘 switch board电缆沟 cable trench电流 current直流 direct current交流 alternating current频率 frequency相位 phase功率因数 power factor电压 voltage电阻 resistance电容 capacitance静电 static electricity接地 grounding; easthing照明 lighting; illumination避雷针 lightning preventer电话 telephone电线 wire接线箱（盒） junction box导线管 conduit tube5.8.5 设备固定鞍座 fixed saddle滑动鞍座 sliding saddle管口 nozzle人孔 manhole (MH)手孔 handhole (HH)检查孔 inspection hole吊柱 davit切线 tangent line焊接线 weldingiine件号 part humbet椭圆形封头 ellipsoidal head加强圈 reinforcing ring接地板 earth lug吊耳 lifting lug气缸 cylinder轴 shaft轴承 bearing附件，附属设备 accessory编位号设备 itemized equipment无位号设备 non-itemized equipment 5.8.6 水道(1) 流体原水 raw water硬水 hard water软水 soft water饮用水 potable water循环冷却水给水 cooling water supply 循环冷却水回水 cooling water return 脱盐水 demineralized water苦咸水（碱性水） brackish water生活污水 sanitary sewer工业废水 industrial waste water雨水 rain water污染雨水 contaminated rain water 消防水 fire water(2) 装置、设施软化装置 softener沉淀器 settler沉淀池 clarifier脱盐装置 demineralizer水处理 water traatment冷却塔 cooling tower中和池 neutralization tank化粪池 septic tank渗滤井 soak-away pit井 well阀井 valve pit清扫口 clean out（3）消防消火栓 hydrant水炮 water monitor洒水器 sprinkler水喷淋 watering灭火器 fire extinguisher消防水泵 fire pump消防车 fire fighting truck泡沫消防 foam fire-fighting泡沫栓 foam hydrant泡沫炮 foam monitor消防软管接头 fire hose connectioncatch basn 集水井man hole 检查井dry box with seal 水封井valve box 矩形阀门井measure box 仪表井box type hydrant 箱式消火栓hose box 消防器材箱dry riser system 消防立管water spray system 水喷雾系统ie. invert elevation 管内底标高el. center elevation 管中心标高BOP=BOTTOM OF PIPE; WP BOP用于指定一个点的管底标高，管道不水平；只使用BOP指的是水平管道的管底标高，该管底的标高都一样另外常用的还有：COP－管道中心标高TOP－管道顶标高TOB－支撑管道的管架顶标高（一般用于同一管架上的一排管道）。
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1 管道组成件Piping component1.1 管子Pipe管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless (SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube直管run pipe; straight pipe1.2 管件Fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbowk半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head)45°斜三通45° lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45° lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y”四通cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet) 异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer锻制异径管reducing swage螺纹支管台threadolet （管接头）以下同焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss管接头coupling, full coupling半管接头half coupling异径管接头reducing coupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽cap (C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple1.3 弯管Bend预制弯管fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形）cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形）offset bend90°弯管quarter bend环形弯管cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形）single offset quarter bendS形弯管“S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形）s ingle offset “U” bendU形弯管“U” bend双偏置U膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管corrugated bend圆度roundness1.4 法兰Flange (FLG）整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖blind flange, blind孔板法兰orifice flange异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰pad type flange松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰welding plate flange对焊环welding neck collar （与stub end相似）平焊环welding-on collar突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端lapped pipe end松套板式法兰loose plate flange压力级pressure rating, pressure rating class压力—温度等级pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面flange facing突面raised face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面female face (FMF)榫面tongue face槽面groove face环连接面ring joint face全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工facing finish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形serrated均方根root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式type of gasket平垫片flat gasket环形平垫片flat ring gasket平金属垫片flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环inner ring外环，外定位环outer ring波纹金属垫片corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket透镜式垫片lens gasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasket1.6 阀门Valve1.6.1 阀门结构、零件阀轭yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭outside screw and yoke (OS & Y) 阀杆stem内螺纹inside screw (IS)阀轭套yoke sleeve阀杆环stem ring阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈seat ring整体（阀）座integral seat堆焊（阀）座deposited seat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件）trim阀盘disc阀盘密封圈disc seat阀体body阀盖bonnet阀盖衬套bonnet bush螺纹阀帽screw cap螺纹阀盖screw bonnet螺栓连接的阀盖bolted bonnet (BB)活接阀盖（帽）union bonnet (cap)螺栓连接的阀帽bolted cap (BC)焊接阀盖welded bonnet (WB)本体阀杆密封body stem seal石棉安全密封asbestos emenen seal倒密封back seal压力密封的阀盖pressure-tight bonnet动力操纵器powered operator电动操纵器electric motor operator气动操纵器pneumatic operator液压操纵器hydraulic operator快速操纵器quick-acting operator滑动阀杆sliding stem正齿轮传动spur gear operated伞齿轮传动bevel gear operated扳手操作wrench operated链轮chain wheel手轮hand wheel手柄hand lever (handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的cylinder operated链条操纵的chain operated等径孔道full bore; full port异径孔道reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port短型short pattern紧凑型（小型）compact type笼式环lantern ring压盖gland阀杆填料stem packing阀盖垫片bonnet gasket升杆式（明杆）rising stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆）non-rising stem (NRS)指示器/限位器indicator/stopper注油器grease injector可更换的阀座环renewable seat ring1.6.2 常用阀(1）闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat开口楔形闸板split wedge挠性整体楔形闸扳flexible solid wedge整体楔形闸板solid wedge塞型闸阀plug gate valve直通型闸阀through conduit gate valve(2) 截止阀globe valve球心型阀盘globe type disc塞型阀盘plug type disc可转动的阀盘swivel disc(3) 节流闪阀throttle valve针阀needle valve(4) 角阀angle valve(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体截止阀）Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)(6) 球阀ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve装有底轴的trunnion mounted耐火型fire safe type浮动球型floating ball type防脱出阀杆blowout proof stem(7) 蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式（薄片型）wafer type凸耳式lug type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve8) 柱塞阀piston type valve(9) 旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock(10) 隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve堰式隔膜阀weir diaphragm valve(11) 夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12) 止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve, flap check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve双板对夹式止回阀dual plate wafer type check valve无撞击声止回阀non-slam cheek valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve; non-return valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve斜翻盘止回阀tilting disc check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve1.6.3 其它用途的阀安全泄气阀safety valve (SV)安全泄液阀relief valve (RV)安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀pilot operated safety valve复式安全泄气阀twin type safety valve罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve电磁阀solenoid valve, solenoid operated valve电动阀electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve 气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阎mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open bucket trap, open top bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀metal expansion steam trap液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀liquid expansion steam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀bimetallic expansion steam trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放气阀（自动放气阀）air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （疏水阀用）平板式滑动闸阀slab type sliding gate valve盖阀flat valve换向阀diverting valve, reversing valve热膨胀阀thermo expansion valve自动关闭阀self-closing gate valve自动排液阀self-draining valve管道盲板阀line-blind valve挤压阀squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀breather valve风门、挡板damper减压阀pressure reducing valve, reducing valve控制阀control valve膜式控制阀diaphragm operated control valve执行机构actuator背压调节阀back pressure regulating valve差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve压力比例调节阀pressure ratio regulating valve2 管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1 紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓hexagonal head bolt方头螺栓square head bolt螺柱，双头螺栓stud bolt环头螺检eye bolt沉头螺栓countersunk (head) screw地脚螺栓anchor bolt; foundation bolt松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝）turnbuckleU形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉round head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉maehine bolt顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓Jack screw自攻螺钉self tapping screw膨胀螺栓expansion bolt粗制的coarse精制的finished, fine螺母nut六角螺母hexagonal nut方螺母square nut蝶形螺母wing nut扁螺母flat nut锁紧螺母lock nut垫圈washer平垫圈plain washer球面垫圈spherical washer弹簧垫圈spring washer方垫圈square washer斜垫圈slant washer销轴pinned shan销pin开口销cotter pin定位销dowel pin带孔销pin with hole圆锥销taper pin铆钉rivet键key2.2 螺纹左螺纹left hand thread右螺纹right hand thread管螺纹pipe thread锥管螺纹taper pipe thread直管螺纹straight pipe thread梯形螺纹trapezoid thread螺距pitch of thread粗牙螺纹coarse thread细牙螺纹fine thread特细牙螺纹extra fine thread通长螺纹full thread惠氏螺纹whitworth thread公制螺纹metric ibread美国标准锥管螺纹American standard taper pipe thread (NPT) 螺孔tap3 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属Ferrous Metal碳素钢carbon steel (CS)低碳钢low-carbon steel中碳钢medium-carbon steel高碳钢high-carbon steel普通碳素钢general carbon steel优质碳素钢high-quality carbon steel普通低合金结构钢general structure low-alloy steel 合金结构钢structural alloy steel合金钢alloy steel低合金钢low alloy steel中合金钢medium alloy steel高合金钢high alloy steel耐热钢heat resisting steel高强度钢high strength steel复合钢clad steel工具钢tool steel弹簧钢spring steel钼钢molybdenum steel镍钢nickel steel铬钢chromium steel铬钼钢chrome-molybdenum steel铬镍钢chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel 不锈钢stainless steel (S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢Martensitic stainless steel司特来合金（钨铬钴台金）Stellite耐蚀耐热镍基合金Hastelloy铬镍铁合金inconel耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy20合金20 alloy平炉钢（马丁钢）Martin steel镇静钢killed steel半镇静钢semi-killed steel沸腾钢rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel锻钢forged steel铸钢cast steel铸铁cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁grey cast iron可锻铸铁malleable iron (MI)球墨铸铁nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron 生铁pig iron熟铁，锻铁wrought iron铸件casting高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron3.1.2 镀层及制造方法渗铬钢，镀铬钢chromized steel镀铬的chromium-plated, chrome-plated镀层plating锻造，型钢swage锻造的，锻造forging轧制rolling热轧hot rolling冷轧cold rolling挤压extruding冷加工cold working热加工hot working拔制drawing3.1.3 有色金属Non-ferrous Metal铝aluminum铜，紫铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze铝青铜aluminum bronze磷青铜phosphor bronze铝镁合金aluminum magnesium锰青铜manganese bronze蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金）Monel镍铜台金nickel copper alloy非铁合金nonferrous alloy钛titanium铅lead硬铅hard lead3.1.4 材料性能极限强度ultimate strength抗拉强度tensile strength屈服极限yield limit屈服点yield point延伸率percentage elongation抗压强度compressive strength抗弯强度bending strength弹性极限elastic limit冲击值impact value疲劳极限fatigue limit蠕变极限creep limit持久极限endurance limit布氏硬度Brinell hardness洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness维氏硬度Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness 蠕变断裂强度creep rupture strength断面收缩率reduction of area韧性toughess脆性brittleness延性ductility冷脆cold shortness冷流cold flow3.2 非金属材料Non-metallic Material塑料plastic丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) 聚乙烯polyethylene (PE)聚氯乙烯polyvinyl chloride (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶styrene-rubber (SR)聚丁烯polybutylene (PB)聚丙烯polypropylene (PP)聚苯乙烯polystyrene (PS)氯化聚醚chlorinated polyether (CPE)聚酰胺polyamide (PA)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate (PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤维素cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)缩醛塑料acetal plastic尼龙塑料nylon plastic聚烯烃polyolefin (PO)石墨酚醛塑料graphite phenolic plastics聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)纤维增强热塑性塑料fiber reinforced thermoplastics热塑性塑料thermoplastic热固性塑料thermosetting plastics胶粘剂adhesive溶剂胶接剂solvent cement树脂resin环氧树脂epoxy, epoxy resin聚酯树脂polyester resin聚酯纤维polyester fibers氟塑料fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane丙烯酸树脂acrylic resin脲醛树脂urea resin呋哺树脂furan resin乙烯丙烯二烃单体ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) 合成橡胶synthetic rubber橡胶rubber丁腈橡胶nitrile butadiene rubber氯丁橡胶neoprene天然橡胶natural rubber乙丙橡胶ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃borosilicate glass耐火砖fire brick陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel木材wood3.3 型材型钢shaped steel, section steel, swage角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beamT型钢T-bar方钢square bar扁钢flat bar角钢hexagonal steel bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel钢板plate网纹钢板checkered plate腹板（指型钢的立板）web翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing3.4 填料及填料函填料packing石棉绳asbestos rope, asbestos cord．O形环O-ring自密封self-sealing四氟带Teflon tap带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos 浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflon impregnated asbestos packing金属填料metallic stuffing填料箱，填料函packing box, stuffing box填料函压盖stuffing box gland4 管道等级及材料统计4.1 管道材料规定Piping Material Specification管道等级piping class; piping classification管道等级号class designation公称直径nominal diameter (DN); nominal (pipe) size公称压力nominal pressure (PN)压力级，等级，类别class (CL)低压low pressure (L.P.)中压medium pressure (M.P.)高压high pressure (H.P.)大气压atmosphere (ATM)真空vacuum工作压力operating pressure; working pressure设计压力design pressure工作温度operating temperature设计温度design temperature环境温度ambient temperature腐蚀裕量corrosion allowance管道附件piping attachment管道元件piping element壁厚wall thickness (WT)壁厚系列号schedule number (SCH. No.)加厚的，加强的extra heavy, extra strong双倍加厚的，双倍加强的double extra heavy, double extra strong通用连接组typieal installation分组（类）形式（如管道等级表）block form数据库data base文件file4.2 材料统计Material Take-off (MTO)汇总表summary sheet材料表bill of material (BM)综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheet (CPMSS) 统计材料准确度accuracy of take-off材料情况报告material status report (MSR)散装材料bulk material编位号的itemized代码code number短代码short code数量quantity (QTY)重力weight净重net weight 毛重gross weight。