科技英语之3 应用文体
科技英语写作 3,4,5理论分析 实验方法 结果
一般过去时态 一般现在时态
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4实验与方法部分
实验与方法部分在一些外国科技写作专著中统称为材料与 方法部分(Materials and Method Section)。 这部分要作者回答的问题是：自己做了些什么?自己又是 如何做的?它的作用: 让那些同领域的研究者在必要时也能重复和验证作者的研 究方法; 证明作者所采用的方法是经过认真仔细的考虑的，能被认 可的正确方法。 对于其他领域的学者而言，他们会在研究论文的摘要中 了解作者所采用的研究方法与研究结果，而只会略读实验和 方法部分。然而，本领域的研究者会非常仔细地审读实验与 方法部分，以对作者的研究工作质量做出判断。因此，在展 现研究结果的可信度和有效性方面．研究论文的实验与方法 部分是一个非常关键的部分。 8
4.1 基本内容及结构
研究论文的实验及方法部分中，作者必须清楚、详细 地描述实验方法及程序。其基本内容应该包含下列项目：
① 对于所采用的材料、仪器仪表、设备及测试系统所作的详 细介绍。 ② 对于实验程序所作的清楚说明。 若有必要，基本内容还可以包含以下资料： ③ 对整个实验的概述。 ④ 选用特定材料、设备或方法的理由。特定材料包括工质试 剂、酶、催化剂、生物体等。 ⑤ 实验的特殊条件或工况，如特殊的温度、速度或压力范围， 特殊的高电压或大电流，紫外线辐射等。 ⑥ 特殊实验设备或方法的详细介绍。若采用的是标准的实验 设备或方法，则作简略介绍。 ⑦ 应用的统计、分析方法的描述。 9
4
Suppose
也有的论文作者采用一般将来时态以介绍新的题目或
转接到新的段落。一般将来时也常在条件状语从句中使用，
以说明可能的结果。例如：
We will solve this optimization problem in the context of the following statistical model.
科技英语新闻文体分析——以《科学美国人》为例
科技英语新闻文体分析——以《科学美国人》为例颜悦一、引言科技英语新闻是报道国外科技活动和科技成果的新闻。
科技新闻具有标题简短、用词生动、术语泛化、句法洗练、多用引语和修辞格的特点。
科技英语新闻应是有趣味、吸引人的，要立意新颖，吸引读者去思考，增强新闻的可读性（张文英、张晔，2015:5）。
科技英语新闻是要快速地将最精华最重要的科技成果及动态传递给广大读者，因而其必须做到精炼，无需反映出所有细节。
同时，采用生动有趣的文笔报道严肃的科技问题或成果，让读者沉浸其中，并有机的将知识性与趣味性融为一体，这必然要求作者有深厚的文字功底，巧妙运用各种修辞手法的能力，从而使科技新闻准确易懂，在不失科学性的同时还能增强可读性。
二、科技英语新闻文体分析科技英语新闻以其客观真实、及时有效且内容新颖的特点形成独具风格写作文体。
该部分主要就其词汇特征、句法特征、修辞特征以及语篇特征逐一展开分析，以期能够更加深入理解领会这四方面的文体特征。
（一）词汇特征科技新闻词汇的基本特征是：以少量技术词为骨干，以较多的半技术词为实体，以大量非技术词为纽带，逻辑地、严密地组织起来，通篇词汇的正式程度较高，常用缩略词，形成有特殊词汇风格的语篇（方梦之，2011:37）。
考虑到语料篇幅过长，现以语料其中两段为例。
The gene-editing method CRISPR has transformed biology, giving scientists the ability to modify genes to treat or prevent genetic diseases by correcting dangerous mutations and to create a host of new genetically modified plants and animals. But the technique, which involves using an enzyme called a nuclease that acts as molecular scissors to “cut” DNA, can cause unintended effects. Making such double-stranded breaks in DNA can result in unwanted genetic material being inserted or deleted, which can have consequences including activating genes that cause cancer. Most mutations cannot be corrected easily without creating these undesirable genetic by-products.Now Liu, Andrew Anzalone—a postdoctoral researcher in Liu’s laboratory—and their colleagues have developed a new gene-editing tool that avoids these double-stranded breaks and can correct all 12 types of point mutations. The researchers used their new technique, dubbed “prime editing,” in lab-grown human cells to correct the genetic defects that cause sickle cell disease and Tay-Sachs disease, they report in a study published Monday in Nature. They say their method is more efficient than traditional CRISPR (except for in certain cell types) and has fewer off-target effects. In principle, it could correct about 89 percent of known human genetic defects that cause diseases, although it is still a very new technique and requires much more study before it can be used to treat humans.表1 技术词、半技术词词频1. 技术词作为骨干技术词是准确地标志科学技术和社科领域的一定概念的词语，是反映科学技术和社科领域进步的特殊标记，用来记录和表达各种现象、过程、特性、关系、状态等不同名称（ibid:38）。
英语科技类作文范文
英语科技类作文范文English:In the realm of technology, innovations have vastly improved our daily lives, changing the way we communicate, work, and interact with the world. The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and automation have led to more efficient and convenient ways of completing tasks. For instance, the rise of smart devices like smartphones and virtual assistants has made information accessible at our fingertips, enabling us to stay connected and informed. Moreover, technological breakthroughs in healthcare have revolutionized the medical field, from precision medicine to robotic surgeries, enhancing patient care and outcomes. In addition, the integration of technology in education has transformed traditional teaching methods, providing interactive learning experiences and personalized instruction for students. As we continue to push the boundaries of technology, the future holds endless possibilities for further innovation and progress.Translated content:在科技领域，创新大大改善了我们的日常生活，改变了我们与世界沟通、工作和互动的方式。
科技英文作文30字
科技英文作文30字
英文，Technology has greatly impacted our lives. For example, smartphones have become an essential part of our daily routine. We use them to communicate with others, navigate our way around, and even make purchases. Additionally, the internet has opened up a world of information and opportunities. We can learn new skills, connect with people from all over the world, and access entertainment with just a few clicks. However, technology also has its downsides, such as addiction and privacy concerns.
中文，科技对我们的生活产生了巨大的影响。
例如，智能手机已经成为我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。
我们用它们来与他人沟通，导航，甚至购物。
此外，互联网打开了一个信息和机会的世界。
我们可以学习新技能，与来自世界各地的人联系，只需点击即可访问娱乐。
然而，科技也有其不利之处，如成瘾和隐私问题。
科技英语的文体与表达
科技英语的文体与表达任胜利(国家自然科学基金委员会科学基金杂志社,北京100085)科技英语文体不以语言的艺术美为追求目标,而讲究逻辑上条理清楚和思维上准确和严密,其特点为:词义明确、结构严谨、文风比较朴素和单纯。
为更好地帮助读者的阅读与理解,在文体与表达方面应尽量满足读者对论文结构信息的预期,即:在宏观层次上,尽可能采用IMRD(Int roduction,Met hods,Result s and Discussion)的论文构架;在微观层次上,力求句子的文法正确、内容连贯、逻辑严密。
下面试简要综述有关科技英语表达方面的注意事项。
1 严密性(1)修饰语与被修饰对象的关系应明确,主语与谓语应尽量相邻。
(2)删减不必要的t here be等词,以使句子的整体更为紧凑。
(3)尽量使用并列的动词代替叠加的名词,以避免句子冗长、笨拙。
例1:In mo st specimens t here is more biotite t han hornblende.应改为:Most specimens contain more biotite t han hornblende.例2:Techniques used for identification and quantitation...应改为:Techniques used to identify and quantify...2 一致性(1)句子成分或词语之间在人称、数、性等方面要保持一致(尤其要注意主谓一致),如:不可数名词、集体名词的谓语动词取决于具体的语境;由what,every,each,no,neit her,one等引导的单数主语必须配合单数谓语动词;单数主语后面紧跟以wit h,toget her wit h,along wit h,including,in addition to,as well as等引导的短语时,必须配合单数谓语动词;等等。
科技英语文体词汇特征
科技英语文体词汇特征
一、引言
科技英语（Scientific English）是一种专门用于描述科学研究和技术的语言。
它具有独特的词汇特征，这些特征使得科技英语更加准确、客观地表达复杂的科学概念。
本文将详细介绍科技英语的词汇特征。
二、专业术语
科技英语中使用了大量的专业术语，这些术语是科学领域特有的词汇，具有精确的含义和用法。
例如，生物化学中的DNA、RNA，物理学中的重力、加速度等。
这些术语的使用使得科技英语更加精确地表达科学概念。
三、缩略词
科技英语中经常使用缩略词，这些缩略词是科学术语的简写形式，方便快捷地表达复杂的科学概念。
例如，DNA可以简写为“脱氧核糖核酸”，ATP可以简写为“腺苷三磷酸”。
四、名词化
科技英语中大量使用名词化结构，即将动词或形容词转化为名词，以表达更为客观、准确的概念。
例如，“反应”可以名词化为“reaction”，“热”可以名词化为“heat”。
五、被动语态
科技英语中经常使用被动语态，以强调客观事实和实验结果。
例如，“实验结果被发现”、“数据被分析”等。
六、长句和复杂句
科技英语中经常使用长句和复杂句，以表达复杂的科学概念和逻辑关系。
这些句子通常包含多个从句、短语和修饰语，以准确地描述科学现象和实验结果。
七、总结
科技英语的词汇特征包括专业术语、缩略词、名词化、被动语态以及长句和复杂句的使用。
这些特征使得科技英语更加准确、客观地表达复杂的科学概念。
了解这些词汇特征有助于更好地理解和运用科技英语。
科技节应用文英语作文
科技节应用文英语作文1. Wow, the tech festival was mind-blowing! I couldn't believe my eyes when I saw all the cutting-edge gadgets and devices on display. From the latest smartphones to virtual reality headsets, there was something for everyone. The future is definitely here, and it's exciting to see how technology is advancing at such a rapid pace.2. One of the highlights of the festival was the robotics exhibition. I was amazed by the robots performing tasks that I never thought possible. They could dance, play musical instruments, and even interact with humans. It was like stepping into a sci-fi movie. I couldn't help but wonder how far robotics will progress in the coming years.3. Another interesting aspect of the tech festival was the AI showcase. Artificial intelligence is becoming more integrated into our daily lives, and it was fascinating to see the different applications of AI technology. From voice assistants to self-driving cars, AI is revolutionizing theway we live and work. It's both exciting and a bit scary to think about what the future holds for AI.4. The gaming section of the festival was a gamer's paradise. There were rows and rows of high-performance gaming PCs, consoles, and VR setups. I couldn't resist trying out some of the latest games and experiencingvirtual reality firsthand. The graphics were incredibly realistic, and it felt like I was actually inside the game. Gaming technology has definitely come a long way.5. One of the most interesting discussions I attended was about the future of blockchain technology. The speakers talked about how blockchain has the potential to revolutionize industries like finance, healthcare, and supply chain management. It was eye-opening to learn about the possibilities and challenges of implementing blockchain on a global scale. I'm excited to see how this technology will shape the future.6. The tech festival also had a section dedicated to startups and innovation. It was inspiring to see so manyyoung entrepreneurs showcasing their ideas and inventions. From smart home devices to sustainable energy solutions, these startups were pushing the boundaries of what's possible. It made me realize that anyone can make a difference with the right idea and determination.7. The tech festival wasn't just about gadgets and technology. There were also workshops and talks on digital literacy and cybersecurity. It's important for everyone to be aware of the risks and challenges that come with living in a digital world. The sessions provided valuable insights and tips on how to stay safe online and make the most of technology.8. Overall, the tech festival was an incredible experience. It opened my eyes to the endless possibilities of technology and how it's shaping our world. From robots to AI, gaming to blockchain, there's so much to explore and learn. I can't wait to see what the next tech festival will bring.。
科技英文作文万能
科技英文作文万能英文：Technology has revolutionized the way we live, work,and communicate. It has made our lives more convenient, efficient, and productive. From smartphones to social media, technology has become an integral part of our daily routine. It has transformed the way we interact with each other and the world around us.One of the most significant impacts of technology is on communication. With the rise of social media and messaging apps, we can now connect with people from all over theworld instantly. We can share our thoughts, ideas, and experiences with others in real-time. This has made communication faster, easier, and more accessible than ever before.Another area where technology has made a significant impact is in the workplace. With the advent of automationand artificial intelligence, many tasks that were once done by humans can now be done by machines. This has led to increased efficiency, lower costs, and higher productivity in many industries.However, technology also has its downsides. It can be addictive, distracting, and even harmful if not used responsibly. For example, spending too much time on social media can lead to social isolation and a lack of real-life connections. Similarly, relying too heavily on technologyin the workplace can lead to job loss and a loss of human skills.In conclusion, technology has had a profound impact on our lives. It has transformed the way we communicate, work, and live. While it has brought many benefits, it is important to use technology responsibly and be aware of its potential drawbacks.中文：科技已经彻底改变了我们的生活、工作和交流方式。
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应用文体的英译2学时第一节书信文件的英译第二节产品说明书的英译第三节图表的英译qq:1054482454书信文件的英译一、信件的种类私人信件personal letter申请和推荐信letter of application and letter of recommendation学术邀请和出访信letter of invitation and letter for visit祝贺信letter of congratulation商业书信business letter并列式斜列式Li Kang209Hunan RoadShanghai,ChinaMiss Patricia Smith20Fieet StreetLondon,UK WCIE THU Li Kang209Hunan RoadShanghai,ChinaMiss Patricia Smith20Fieet Street(信内地址)称呼和姓名单位名称地址（信头）寄信人通信地址写信日期正文结束语签名1575Oak Avenue Apt.75Evanston llinois60201U.S.AOct.7,2000美国伊利诺斯州埃文斯顿奥克大街1575号75号公寓2000年10月7日Foreign Language Department,East China Normal University,Shanghai200062,P.R.China,Nov.8,2000.中华人民共和国上海华东师范大学外语系2000年11月8日目前平头式比较常用，因其在打字机或电脑上更便于操作，工作效率可以得到提高。
平头式信头：缩行式信头：Dr.David FullerGraduate Studies (美国南达科他州阿伯丁，南杰伊街1200号)Northern State University 北方州立大学研究生部1200South Jay Street (大卫·富勒博士)Aberdeen,SD57401-7198U.S.A.Voluntary Service Overseas40604,Friendship Hotel (中华人民共和国北京市友谊宾馆Beijing 10087340604号房间，英国海外志愿服务社）P.R.China信内地址信内地址July 21, 2005 21 July, 2005 July 21th, 2005 21th July, 2005Formal Less formal InformalSirSirsMy dear Sir GentlemenDear sirDear SirsMadamDear Sir or MadamTo whom it my concern Dear Mr SmithDear Mrs SmithDear Miss SmithDear Prof.SmithMy Dear Mr SmithMy Dear Dr.SmithDear Mr John SmithDear Miss MarySmithDear Prof.Dear MaryMy Dear MaryDearest MaryMy Dearest MaryDarling MaryMy DarlingDear Dad/MamMy dear fatherJohn Smith4、结束语(Complimentary Close)事物信件中常用的结束语有：(Very）Truly yoursYours(very)truly (Very)Respectfully yours Yours(very)respectfully (Very)Faithfully yours Yours(very)faithfully (Very)Sincerely yours Yours(very)sincerelySincerely yours Yours sincerely Affectionately yours Yours affectionately Yours obediently Intimately yours Fondly yours Yours devoted friend YoursYours(as)everEver yoursAs everLovingly yours LovinglyHouston State University is proud of its contingent of international students,currently representing six continents and forty-serven different countries.We hope we are able to serve you.Sincerely yours_______Signature(签名)Donald CoersCoordination of Graduate StudiesIf you have any questions after reviewing the information concerning your program,please do not hesitate to contact me.Sincerely,_______Signature(签名)Kathleen SowashTo brotherApril 25, 2005 Dear Hsiao Ming,Thanks for your letter of April 18.You said you had some trouble deciding which speciality to choose and asked me for advice.As both your mathematics and technical drawing are good, I think structural engineering might be attractive as it deals with general design.What do you think?Hoping to know your decision soon.Yours loving brotherDa Mingletter of Introduction范例56 Wusheng RoadShanghaiDecember 15,2005Dear Professor Zhao,This is to introduce the bearer, Mr Zhang Hsin, who needs your help. Mr Zhang is a technician inour plant and he wants to find out in detail aboutthe heat-treatment of a new alloy. Could you possibly find time to give him full information?Thank you in anticipation.Yours sincerelyWang Zhitian三、各种信函中常用的语句、申请信和推荐信目的：让收信人了解情况，以便取得某种学习或工作机会。
前者说明自己的情况，后者说明被推荐人的情况。
申请信：简明扼要，实事求是。
说明自己的身份、学历、工作经历，发表的论文、著作等，要研究的课题；说明自己的资助情况及是否申请奖学金；说明选择该学校的理由。
推荐信：诚挚、谦虚，切合实际，内容要与被推荐人情况相吻合，不要夸张。
篇幅不宜太长。
申请信范例1045 Drake PlaceEllisvilleMassachusetts 01047March 27, 2005Mr Adruab M.MabteeDirector of PersonnelBlackwell Manufacturing CompanyPittsburg, Indiana 47401Dear Mr ManteeIn the March Issue of What’s New in Manufacturing, I read your advertisement for supervisors for your plant expansion program. Please consider this letter of my application for a supervisory position in quality control or processing.I am at present Assistant Supervisor of Quality Control at Barron Enterprise, Engineering Division.The enclose data sheet gives a brief outline of my training and experience. I will be happy to supply any additional information concerning my background and experience. I would like to have an interview with you, and , although distance is an important factor, I would be glad to fly out, at your convenience, if I had at least a week’s notice.yours very trulyThomas D. Davis申请信常用语句：▪Could you please send me……?请您寄给我一份……？▪I look forward to hearing from you soon.盼复▪If you need any other information concerning my background,…如果你需要有关我的学习等其他情况…▪Enclosed……please find随信附上……查收▪Encl:One application form后附一张申请表▪If needed….（If need be……）如果需要的话▪Please let me know….请告…▪Please tell me whether or not you are in a position to host me.请告诉你是否能接受我。