Ezra Pound
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Ezra-Pound-庞德
Literary works
The
Seafarer《水手》 Translation from Old English. Cathay《华夏》(1915) Translation of ancient Chinese poetry. Hugh Selwyn Maubery《休· 赛尔温· 毛伯利》(1920) deplored the Western civilization in the Great War(WWI) and its afermath.
Cantos 诗章 (1915-1945) Pound`s major work. It is the inclusion of Chinese characters as well as quotations in European languages other than English. As in Pound's prose writing, the themes of economics, governance, and culture are integral不可缺少的 to its content.
In 1920, upest by WWI, Pound Moved to Paris. There he joined the group of the Lost Generation(“迷惘的一代”). In 1924, he chose to stay in Italy. When WWII broke out, Pound support the Mussolini government and against the American soldiers. In 1945, arrested by the U. S. and tried for treason, then sent to hospital after being declared insane. Secured by T. S. Eliot and Robert Frost and Hemingway, settled down in Italy for the rest of his life.
The
Seafarer《水手》 Translation from Old English. Cathay《华夏》(1915) Translation of ancient Chinese poetry. Hugh Selwyn Maubery《休· 赛尔温· 毛伯利》(1920) deplored the Western civilization in the Great War(WWI) and its afermath.
Cantos 诗章 (1915-1945) Pound`s major work. It is the inclusion of Chinese characters as well as quotations in European languages other than English. As in Pound's prose writing, the themes of economics, governance, and culture are integral不可缺少的 to its content.
In 1920, upest by WWI, Pound Moved to Paris. There he joined the group of the Lost Generation(“迷惘的一代”). In 1924, he chose to stay in Italy. When WWII broke out, Pound support the Mussolini government and against the American soldiers. In 1945, arrested by the U. S. and tried for treason, then sent to hospital after being declared insane. Secured by T. S. Eliot and Robert Frost and Hemingway, settled down in Italy for the rest of his life.
美国文学史及选读考研复习笔记5
History And Anthology of American Literature（5）PartⅤTwentieth-Century Literature二十世纪文学Ⅰ. Ezra Pound埃兹拉·庞德1885-19721.埃兹拉·卢米斯·庞德Ezra Loomis Pound。
他是一位非常具有个性的诗人，他能把传统与令人深刻和大胆的创新很熟练地结合起来he had a distinct poetic personality, he combined a command of the older tradition with impressive and often daring originality.他是一位多产的随笔作家，他不断地为纽约、伦敦、巴黎的小杂志撰稿，然后把这些作品汇集到一起，于是便组成了一个令人兴奋的文学大世界，他坚持无私地扶持那些刚入道，没什么影响，而他认为有前途的文学艺术家，最为重要的可能就是他给T·S·爱略特的帮助了he was a prolific essayist for the little magazines of New York, London, Paris, which then constituted a large and exciting literary world. He unselfishly and persistently championed the experimental and often unpopular artists. Most important of all, perhaps, was the advice and encouragement which he gave to T·S· Eliot.2.庞德和爱略特的作品都要求他们的读者熟悉古典作品，包括意大利和英国文艺复兴时期的作品，特别是欧洲大陆地区文学，包括法国象征主义，庞德保持了作品的艰深晦涩风格 both Pound and Eliot required of their readers a familiarity with the classics, the productions of Italian and English Renaissance,, and specialized areas of Continental literature, including the works of the French symbolists. Pound’s continued to draw fundamentally upon his formidably recondite culture.3.《向塞克斯图·普罗佩提多斯致敬》”Homage toSextus Propertius”; 《人物》（或《面具》）”Personae”or “Masks”;1920年《休·赛尔温·毛伯利》被看作是有关一战战争实质的讽刺类代表作”Hugh Selwyn Mauberley”, considered as a satire of the materialistic forces involved in World WarⅠ;1917年开始创作《诗集》，截止1959年总首数已达109首，有点象但丁的《神曲》，也是由三个部分组成，结构较为松散，作品中的主人公是喜剧性的人而不是神，他认为人类文明的毁灭主要是由于人类的三个时期，即上古时期、复兴时期和现代时期缺乏信用所至”The Cantos”, began in 1917, by 1959, the numbered 109 poems. The progressive series, exceeding the proposed limit of one hundred poems, are loosely connected cantos, like Dante’s“Divina Commedia”in three sections, butrepresenting a comedy human, not divine, dealingwith the wreck of civilizations by reason of theinfidelity of mankind in the three epochs-the ancientworld, the Renaissance, and the modern period.4.二战期间，庞德代表意大利政府，运用广播形式对美国军队进行强烈的谴责。
Ezra-Pound知识讲解
Thought transformation 思想转变
第二次世界大战时，庞德在罗马电台发表了数百 次广播讲话，抨击美国的战争行动，攻击罗斯福的作 战政策，赞扬墨索里尼，鼓吹墨索里尼的治国政策能 促成一个没有贪婪和高利贷的社会。
During World War II, the Roman Pound radio broadcast speech delivered hundreds of times, criticized the U.S. war effort, attacking Roosevelt's war policy, praised Mussolini, Mussolini's rule advocated policies can contribute to a no-greed and usury society.
The creation background 创作背景
❖ 我写了一首三十行的诗，然后销毁了，6 个月以后，我写了一首比那首短一半的诗， 一年后我写了日本和歌式的诗句。”
❖ 可以确定，这首短诗是庞德在法国的地铁 站触景而作，通过意象的叠加，诗歌最终大 大方方地落笔成简洁的14字。
Ezra Pound was America famous imagist poet. He and Eliot in the same post symbolist poetry leader. He Chinese from classical poetry, Japanese haiku of Health issued "poetry" theory, and made outstanding contributions to each other Eastern and Western poetry.
Ezra_Pound英文介绍
W. W. II, Italian government, radio broadcasts died in in 1972, in Italy
Pound’s
Ezra Weston Loomis Pound (October 30, 1885 – November 1, 1972) was an American expatriate poet, critic and intellectual who was a major figure of the Modernist movement in the first half of the 20th century. He is generally considered the poet most responsible for defining and promoting a modernist aesthetic in poetry.[1] The critic Hugh Kenner said of Pound upon meeting him: "I suddenly knew that I was in the presence of the center of modernism."[2] In the early teens of the twentieth century, he opened a fruitful exchange of work and ideas between British and American writers, and was famous for the generosity with which he advanced the work of such major contemporaries as Robert Frost, William Carlos Williams, Marianne Moore, H. D., Ernest Hemingway, Wyndham Lewis, and especially T. S. Eliot. Pound also had a profound influence on the Irish writers W. B. Yeats and James Joyce. His own significant contributions to poetry begin with his promotion of Imagism, a movement in poetry which derived its technique from classical Chinese and Japanese poetry—stressing clarity, precision, and economy of language, and forgoing traditional rhyme and meter in order to, in Pound's words, "compose in the sequence of the musical phrase, not in the sequence of the metronome."[3] His later work, spanning nearly fifty years, focused on his epic poem The Cantos.
Ezra-Pound-美国文学庞德课件
Imagism
four principles: 1) direct treatment 单刀直入 2) precise image 意象清晰 3) economical expression 表达简洁 4) musical rhythm 富有乐感
Image
master works: 埃兹拉· 庞德（Ezra Pound） 《女孩》 （Girl） 杜利特尔（Hilda Doolittle） 《不倒的墙》 （The Walls Do Not Fall） 威廉姆斯（William Carlos Williams） 《佩特森》（Paterson）
Ezra Pound 埃兹拉· 庞德
（1885-1972）
“the prophet of the open spirit”
自由精神的预言 者
Life
Born in Idaho (1885) Hamilton college and the University of Pennsylvania left for Europe (1908) Foreign editor of Poetry (1912) Paris (1920) Italy, his misbehavior in WWII (1925-45) Death in Italy (1972)
Cantos--Intellectual Diary Since 1915
Theme: an attempt to impose, through art, order and meaning upon a chaotic and meaningless world.
Image
generalization: A literary movement launched by British and American poets early in the 20th century in reaction against Victorian sentimentalism that advocated the use of free verse, common speech patterns, and clear concrete images.
Ezra pound (1885-1972)
埃兹拉· 庞德（Ezra Pound），美国著名诗人，意象派的 代表人物。他和艾略特同为后期象征主义诗歌的领军人物。 他从中国古典诗歌、日本俳句中生发出“诗歌意象”的理 论，为东西方诗歌的互相借鉴做出了卓越贡献。 除此之外，庞德还是一个热衷于介绍中国古典诗歌和哲 学的翻译家，他自称为儒者。经他改编并翻译了《神州 集》、《诗经》、《论语》等儒家经典。
Ezra ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱound（18851972） 艾兹拉· 庞德
By
GuanXiao
Ezra Pound was identified as the father of American poetry and the most influential leader of the Imagist Movement.
‘In a Station of the Metro ’
The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough.
1、在地铁车站 （辜正坤) 人丛中这些幽灵似的人脸， 潮湿的黑色树枝上的花瓣。
3、地铁站上 （余光中） 人群中，这些面孔的鬼影； 潮湿的黑树枝上的花瓣。
Cantos (1915)
● It contains 117 poems. ● It is about social history, cultures and languages. ● He imposes order and meaning upon a meaningless world. ● He sees Chinese history and Confucius孔子 counteract抵消 Western gloom and confusion. ● A chaotic inhuman and non-spiritual world needs saving.
Ezra ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱound（18851972） 艾兹拉· 庞德
By
GuanXiao
Ezra Pound was identified as the father of American poetry and the most influential leader of the Imagist Movement.
‘In a Station of the Metro ’
The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough.
1、在地铁车站 （辜正坤) 人丛中这些幽灵似的人脸， 潮湿的黑色树枝上的花瓣。
3、地铁站上 （余光中） 人群中，这些面孔的鬼影； 潮湿的黑树枝上的花瓣。
Cantos (1915)
● It contains 117 poems. ● It is about social history, cultures and languages. ● He imposes order and meaning upon a meaningless world. ● He sees Chinese history and Confucius孔子 counteract抵消 Western gloom and confusion. ● A chaotic inhuman and non-spiritual world needs saving.
Ezra Pound
• Imagism: it’s a poetic movement of England and the U.S flourished from 1909 to 1917. The movement insists on the creation of images in poetry by “the direct treatment of the thing” and the economy of wording. The leaders of this movement were Ezra Pound and Amy Lowell艾米•洛威尔.
The doctrine and poetic practice of a small but influential group of American and British poets calling themselves imagists bewtween 1909-1917. Led at first by Ezra Pound, then after his defection to vorticism by Amy Lowell. Imagism is characterized by the 3 principles: 1. Direct treatment of "the thing", whether subjective or objective 2. To use absolutely no word that does not contribute to the presentation 3. As regards rhythm, to compose in the sequence of the musical phrase, not in the sequence of a metronome节拍器
Ezra Pound埃兹拉·庞德
During W.W. I, assisted young writers.
In 1924 moved to Italy and became involved in Fascist politics, broadcasting over Radio Rome against allies.
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4. Contributions of Ezra Pound
The forerunner of modern American poetry A leading spokesman of the “Imagist Movement” One of the most influential American poets and critic
Ezra Pound (1885—1972)
埃兹拉·庞德
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1
The forerunner of
modern A精m选完e整prpit课c件an poetry
2
contents
1.Life 2.Imagism 3.Works 4. Contributions
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3
1.Life Experience(1885-1972)
5
Later Life
• In 1945, returned to America and was arrested on charge of treason.
• In 1946, acquitted, and declared insane. • In 1958, released from St. Elizabeth’s Hospital in
Washington. • In 1972, died in Venice as a recluse.
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Points of Views
(1) The artist was the arbiter and the “saviour” of the race aiming to purify the arts and to dump the old into the dustbin and bring forth something new. (2) To him life was sordid personal crushing oppression, and culture produced nothing but “intangible bondage”. (3) Chinese history and the doctrine of Confucius are a source of strength and wisdom with which to counterpoint Western gloom and confusion. (4) He saw a chaotic world that wanted setting to rights, and a humanity, suffering from spiritual death and cosmic injustice, that needed saving.
佛教传入中国
佛教传入中国后，经历了魏晋玄学清谈期、
隋唐禅学清谈期、到宋明理学清谈期，最 后归一的不是宗教，而是如鲁迅说的“蜕 化为国有”的中国文化思想学说。 佛教的影响，通过翻译佛藏、口头传播、 改编、模仿、借用，移植、翻新、雅化、 世俗化等具体接受方式，而使中国的文学 潮流出现了新的流变，也使中国文学创作 与文艺理论发生了新的变化与演进。
Middle Period
From 1913 began his study of the Chinese language and ancient Chinese culture. In 1914, abandoned imagism in favor of Vorticism; got married. During W.W. I, assisted young writers In 1924 moved to Italy and became involved in Fascist politics, broadcasting over Radio Rome against allies.
Major Features of Imagism
language
---common speech and exact words instead of the flowery language of poetry. avoiding all cliche expressions, the ornate diction, and complex verse forms of traditional poetry. free verse without imposing a rhythmical pattern. new rhythms in the sequence of the musical phrase as the expressions of a new mood.
a new way of
one
of the new techniques of writing poetry of the modernist period and one of the most essential techniques. against conventions, anti-romantic and anti-Victorian: free choice of subject matters (often single, concentrated moments of experience), concreteness of imagery, musical phrases, economy of expression, and the use of a较文学是以世界性眼光和胸怀来从
事不同国家、不同文明和不同学科之 间的跨越式文学比较研究。 它主要研究各种跨越中文学的同源性、 类同性、异质性和互补性，以影响研 究、平行研究、跨学科研究和跨文明 研究为基本方法论。 其目的在于以世界性眼光来总结文学 规律和文学特性，加强世界文学的相 互了解与整合，推动世界文学的发展。
1915-1962
Cantos 诗章 Short poems “In a Station at the Metro” “A Pact”
In a Station of the Metro
The apparitions of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough.
我国文学理论与批评的窘迫
我国现行的文学批评或文学理论所依据的不
少术语和观念，由于其主要是产生在以叙事 诗传统为主的西方文学和西方文化背景之上， 因此对以抒情诗为主的并处于中国文化背景 中的古代文学，在运用上则常有削足适履之 感。 有人称之为“失语症”。
Ezra Pound
1885-1972
中国汉语文学
自先秦《诗经》、《楚辞》到明清小说，是同一语
言的文学。 两汉之际起先后传入了印度佛教、中亚的祆教、摩 尼教和欧洲的基督教等多种异质文化，这使中国文 学文化就历史纵向而言，虽是同一语言，却不乏跨 文化体系的外来文学文化成分。 必须考虑到跨文化体系和跨学科的因素才行。
中国古代文学史主线
Limitation
A
single dominate image is hardly capable of sustaining long poems.
Connections with Chinese poems
Picture-like
characters, using of images, short and concise, abundant connotation The imagists translated lots of Chinese poems into English.
American writer, editor, and critic. Ezra Pound’s best-known work is The Cantos, a series of poems addressing a wide range of subjects, from the historical to the personal. Pound wrote The Cantos from 1915 to 1970.
Ezra Pound
Imagist Movement
1.Three phrases 2. Contributions 3. Major Features of Imagism 4. Limitation 5. Connections with Chinese poems 6. Sample “In a Station of the Metro
Later Life
In
1945, returned to America and wa arrested on charge of treason. In 1946, acquitted, and declared insane. In 1958, released from St. Elizabeth’ Hospital in Washington. In 1972, died in Venice a recluse.
Influences on Imagism
Greek
poetry Provencal poetry Japanese poetry Chinese poetry [p.161]
Contributions
Offering
writing Influenced lots of modern poets
Three phrases
(1) 1908 – 1909. London. T. E. Hulme Basic principles; more discussion, less writing (2) 1912 – 1914. Ezra Pound Manifesto, three principles, first anthology (3) 1914 – 1917. Amy Lowell No great achievements
Ezra Pound (1885—1972)
The father of modern poetry
Life Experience(1885-1972)
Born
in Hailey,Idaho in 1885. Met William Carlos Williams and Hilda Dolittle at the University of Pennsylvania Sailed for Europe in 1908. Came into contact with Hulme and his Poets’ Club. Appointed himself foreign editor of
享利· 雷马克的定义 ：
比较文学是超越一国范围之外的文学研究，
并且研究文学和其他知识领域及信仰领域之 间的关系。包括艺术（如绘画、雕刻、建筑、 音乐）、哲学、历史、社会科学（如政治、 经济、社会学）、自然科学、宗教等等，简 言之，比较文学是一国文学与另一国或多国 文学的比较，是文学与人类其他表现领域的 比较。
His Works
1915 1920
Cathay, 华夏 Hugh Selwyn Mauberley
休· 塞尔温· 莫伯利
Translation of ancient Chinese poetry