ezra pound解析
Pound’s definition: “An ‘Image’ is that which presents an intellectual and emotional complex in an instant of time.” An image “gives that sense of sudden liberation; that sense of freedom from time limits and space limits; that sense of sudden growth, which we experience in the greatest works of art.”
In 1912 Pound and Flint laid down three imagist poetic principles: (1) Direct treatment of the "thing" whether subjective or objective. (2) To use absolutely no word that does not contribute to the presentation. (3) As regarding rhythm: to compose in the sequence of the musical phrase, not in sequence of a metronome.
Ezra Pound
(1855 – 1972)
(1) Pound’s life experiences (2) Pound’s major works
(3) Pound and Imagism
(4) Juxtaposition and Superposition of the images
Pound’s life
The fallen blossom flies back to its branch: A butterfly The footsteps of the cat upon the snow: (are like) plum –blossoms.
日本“俳圣”松尾芭蕉(1644—1694) 《古池塘》 “古池塘,青蛙跃入,水清响” 寒鸦宿枯枝,秋深日暮时。 —芭蕉 "枯藤老树昏鸦" 舟行在莲塘,莲花碰触小鬓上。 —子规 "采莲南塘秋,莲花过人头" 柿叶飘零人径绝。 —秋樱子 “古木无人径”
Famous poems: In a Station of the Metro
A Pact
Imagism (1909——1917)
Imagism is a poetic movement of England and the United States, which flourished from 1909 to 1917. it is a branch of the symbolism literary movement which was used chiefly in The Western World during that time. It stressed free choice of subject matters (often dealing with single, concentrated moments of experience), concreteness of imagery, musical phrases, economy of expression, and the use of a dominant image. It aimed at instantaneous effect, visual and concise.
Major objectives of Imagism
(according to Amy Lowell, 1917)
(1) to use the language of common speech (2) to use the exact word (3) to avoid cliché s (4) to create new rhythms to express a new mood (5) to allow absolute freedom in choice of subject (6) to present an image (concrete, definite) (7) to strive for concentration (8) to suggest rather than to offer complete statements
(6) Enamored with Benito Mussolini, Pound made anti-American radio broadcasts during World War II. He was arrested as a traitor in 1945. (7) In 1958 he returned to Italy, where he continued to write and make translations until he died in 1972.
content
Three phases of imagism
Content of Imagism
Origin of Imagism
Three phrases of imagism
The origins of Imagism are found in two poems, Autumn and A City Sunset by T.E.Hulme. These were published in January 1909 by the Poet’s Club in London. The second phase of the movement was the period of some three years (1912—1914) when Ezra pound took over and championed the new poetry.
荒木田守武(1473-1549)俳句:
落花飞返枝头 一只蝴蝶
Basil Hall Chamberlain ,Japanese Poetry (1910): Fallen flower returning to the branch; Behold! It is a butterfly.
Ezra Pound:
《周易· 系辞上》:“子曰:‘书不尽言, 言不尽意.’” 王弼 《周易略例· 明象》:“夫象者,出 意者也;言者,明象者也。尽意莫若象,尽象 莫若言。言生于象,故可寻言以观象;象生于 意,故可寻象以观意。意以象尽,象以言著, 故言者所以明象,得象而忘言;象者,所以存 意,得意而忘象。”
In a Statຫໍສະໝຸດ on of the MetroThe Origins of Imagism
Imagism derived from their opposition to the writing style of the poets at that time. Secondly, the popularity of “Bergson fad” influenced the imagists. Thirdly, the poetry of Symbolism founded a new path for imagism to composing new poem, it greatly inspired imagist. There existed great influence of Japanese Haiku and Chinese poetry on the Imagist movement.
Japanese Haiku
Haiku is the shortest form of poetry in Japan. It tells a story or makes a picture in your mind of something that happens in nature. Many descriptive words are used in this seventeensyllable poem. Usually haiku is written in three lines. There are five syllables in the first line, seven in the second, and five in the third. It does not rhyme. The poetry form of haiku was developed in Japan and later became popular in the United States.
Imagism
T.E.Hulme suggests that modern art should deal with expressions and communication of momentary phases in the poets’ minds. And poetic techniques should become subtle enough to record exactly the momentary impressions. “Each word must be an image seen.” “Each sentence should be a lump; a piece of clay, a vision seen.”
In 1914, Pound turned from Imagism to Vorticism. Since Pound left Imagism, Amy Lowell carried on leading that movement and caught up with several principled propositions.
E.Pound翻译家 庞德及 翻译理论 简介
Ezra Pound
埃兹拉·庞德在英美现代诗坛和评坛上无可非 议是最有影响的人物,他对第一次世界大战后兴 起的现代文学运动的一代青年有着巨大的影响, 几乎是一位传奇式的人物。
庞德生于爱达荷洲,早年在宾夕法尼亚大学学 习.毕业时他不但精通英文文法和文学,而且掌握 了九种外语,22岁时在印第安纳的一所大学任教 授。由于他生活放荡,不久被解职,开始漂流他 乡。1908年来到伦敦并结识了著名爱尔兰诗人 W.B.叶芝。1912年他同几位青年诗人发起了意象 主义运动,成为英美新诗运动的积极倡导者。作 为一位诗人和诗歌理论家,他不但推动传播意象 技巧的新发明,而且还在探索盎格鲁-撒克逊,普 罗旺斯,汉语,日语及拉丁语诗歌并不断充实创 新,他的大多数杰作实际上是这些古老传统诗的 编译或再创作
Light rain is on the light dust. 渭城朝雨浥轻尘
庞德把握住了诗人诗歌语言中的图画性。 用“light”这个包含着清、轻、亮色含义的词
来点写出“雨”和“尘” 顿时就把原诗所要表达的语境刻画出来
“The willows of the inn-yard will be going greener and greener”
其中把“阳关”译成了“the gates of Go”
河西走廊尽头的阳关,和它北面的玉门关相对,从汉代以 来一直是内地通向西域的交通要塞,在盛唐人心中,从军或出 使阳关,是一种令人向往的壮举,“西出阳关”也因此而成为 中国文学一个常见文化意象,被人反复咏颂,具有了丰富的文 化意义。西出阳关在中国读者心中唤起的那种联想遥远、广裹、
二、 翻译是独立于原作的创作 对庞德来说,除了“阐释性翻译”外,还有“另一种翻
译”。“有时‘译者’显然是在创作新诗”,走出旧的逻辑, 回到当代,通过译语文化的主流诗学或译者的诗学进行调试。 这样,翻译就被视作改写,译作独立于原作,在译语文化中赋 予了新的意义。
论《在地铁车站》中的“意象”
论《在地铁车站》中的“意象”作者:王少龙来源:《东方教育》2016年第10期摘要:埃兹拉·庞德(Ezra Pound)是20世纪美国著名诗人,也是西方“意象主义”诗歌的先驱。
他的诗歌《在地铁车站》充分体现了意象派的写作要求,是意象派诗歌中的代表和典范。
本文从诗歌的遣词造句、韵律和写作手法上研究作者是怎样遵循意象派诗歌创作原则的,从而进一步了解本诗作的伟大之处。
关键词:庞德;意象;遣词造句;韵律;写作手法;创作原则埃兹拉·庞德是20世纪美国文坛上一个极有争议的著名人物。
他出生于爱达荷州的海利市,在宾夕法尼亚州长大。
他精通多国语言,日本的和歌俳句和中国的古诗韵律。
他先后多次前往欧洲,并最终定居于伦敦。
“1908年初到伦敦时便和英国诗人休姆创立了意象派(imagism)诗歌”(陶洁,2000)。
作为英美现代意象派诗歌的开拓者,“曾孜孜不倦地提携了一批新人,其中包括在英美诗坛崭露头角的罗伯特·弗罗斯特和T·S·艾略特”(淘洁,2000),也帮助过詹姆斯·乔伊斯和欧内斯特·海明威出版过作品,诗人W·B·叶芝也在一定程度上受到过他的影响。
一生中,他发表过许多诗集和著作,包括被称作“现代史诗”的鸿篇巨制《诗章》、《狂喜》、《埃兹拉·庞德书信集》、《文学论文集》、《文选》等,更为重要的是,他还是一名汉学家和翻译家,译介了《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》等,在1915年问世了诗歌译文《中国》(Cathay),其中有被翻译过了的十几首中国古诗。
他在翻译中国古诗时,把中国诗歌中的某些意象特征运用到他的创作实践中去,故他的意象主义诗歌打上了中国意象派诗歌的烙印。
他的所为促进了东西文化交流。
但由于他为意大利墨索里尼政权代言,而以叛国罪被美国政府起诉,最终因所谓的“神经失常”而免于受审。
1.意象派的产生、原则特点和作用1.1 意象派的产生和组成“意象”一词来源于法语,意象,即“意”和“象”是意象主义的核心和灵魂。
Ezra Pound庞德翻译理论与汉诗翻译完整版资料
意象派的代表人物。他和艾略特同为后期象征主义诗歌的领军人物。 他从中国古典诗歌、日本俳句中生发出“诗歌意象”的理论,为东
西方诗歌的互相借鉴做出了卓越贡献。
宣扬中国文明、翻译介绍中国古诗的西方诗人之一 。
意象派(Imagists)
• 意象派诗歌是1909年至1917年间一些英美诗人发起并付诸实践的文 学运动,它是当时盛行于西方世界的象征主义文学运动的一个分支。 从《易经》、《庄子》、《诗经》、《离骚》到《文心雕龙》和唐代 的《诗品》及唐宋诗词,意象说在理论和实践上都经历了漫长的发展 过程。 20世纪初以美国诗人埃兹拉·庞德、艾米·洛威尔和英国诗人托 马斯·休姆、理查德·奥尔丁顿为代表的一部分作家、评论家在法国象 征主义和中国古典诗歌意象的丰富性、含蓄性、形象性影响下,兴起 反对抽象说教,反对陈旧题材与表现形式的诗歌运动。1912年,庞 德首次采用了意象派名称。1915~1917年间 ,每年出版一本意象派 诗集。庞德退出意象派后,洛威尔继续领导该派活动,提出6项原则 性主张,即语言要通俗准确,创造新节奏,题材完全自由,用意象来 写诗,表现要具体、简练 、浓缩。后来洛威尔又加上“要含蓄,不 用直陈”的原则。他们力求以鲜明的意象和短小精悍的“中国式”诗 体去反对陈腐的19世纪后期英国诗风,有积极意义,但重点追求诗歌 的形式和技巧,有忽视作品的社会意义和思想价值的倾向。第一次世 界大战后,意象派诗人逐渐分道扬镳,这个流派也逐渐瓦解。
translations
• 1923 Indiscretions, essays
• 1923 Le Testament, one-act opera
• 1924 Antheil and the Treatise on Harmony, essays (Paris)
美国文学史及选读考研复习笔记5
History And Anthology of American Literature(5)PartⅤTwentieth-Century Literature二十世纪文学Ⅰ. Ezra Pound埃兹拉·庞德1885-19721.埃兹拉·卢米斯·庞德Ezra Loomis Pound。
他是一位非常具有个性的诗人,他能把传统与令人深刻和大胆的创新很熟练地结合起来he had a distinct poetic personality, he combined a command of the older tradition with impressive and often daring originality.他是一位多产的随笔作家,他不断地为纽约、伦敦、巴黎的小杂志撰稿,然后把这些作品汇集到一起,于是便组成了一个令人兴奋的文学大世界,他坚持无私地扶持那些刚入道,没什么影响,而他认为有前途的文学艺术家,最为重要的可能就是他给T·S·爱略特的帮助了he was a prolific essayist for the little magazines of New York, London, Paris, which then constituted a large and exciting literary world. He unselfishly and persistently championed the experimental and often unpopular artists. Most important of all, perhaps, was the advice and encouragement which he gave to T·S· Eliot.2.庞德和爱略特的作品都要求他们的读者熟悉古典作品,包括意大利和英国文艺复兴时期的作品,特别是欧洲大陆地区文学,包括法国象征主义,庞德保持了作品的艰深晦涩风格 both Pound and Eliot required of their readers a familiarity with the classics, the productions of Italian and English Renaissance,, and specialized areas of Continental literature, including the works of the French symbolists. Pound’s continued to draw fundamentally upon his formidably recondite culture.3.《向塞克斯图·普罗佩提多斯致敬》”Homage toSextus Propertius”; 《人物》(或《面具》)”Personae”or “Masks”;1920年《休·赛尔温·毛伯利》被看作是有关一战战争实质的讽刺类代表作”Hugh Selwyn Mauberley”, considered as a satire of the materialistic forces involved in World WarⅠ;1917年开始创作《诗集》,截止1959年总首数已达109首,有点象但丁的《神曲》,也是由三个部分组成,结构较为松散,作品中的主人公是喜剧性的人而不是神,他认为人类文明的毁灭主要是由于人类的三个时期,即上古时期、复兴时期和现代时期缺乏信用所至”The Cantos”, began in 1917, by 1959, the numbered 109 poems. The progressive series, exceeding the proposed limit of one hundred poems, are loosely connected cantos, like Dante’s“Divina Commedia”in three sections, butrepresenting a comedy human, not divine, dealingwith the wreck of civilizations by reason of theinfidelity of mankind in the three epochs-the ancientworld, the Renaissance, and the modern period.4.二战期间,庞德代表意大利政府,运用广播形式对美国军队进行强烈的谴责。
Ezra-Pound知识讲解
Thought transformation 思想转变
第二次世界大战时,庞德在罗马电台发表了数百 次广播讲话,抨击美国的战争行动,攻击罗斯福的作 战政策,赞扬墨索里尼,鼓吹墨索里尼的治国政策能 促成一个没有贪婪和高利贷的社会。
During World War II, the Roman Pound radio broadcast speech delivered hundreds of times, criticized the U.S. war effort, attacking Roosevelt's war policy, praised Mussolini, Mussolini's rule advocated policies can contribute to a no-greed and usury society.
The creation background 创作背景
❖ 我写了一首三十行的诗,然后销毁了,6 个月以后,我写了一首比那首短一半的诗, 一年后我写了日本和歌式的诗句。”
❖ 可以确定,这首短诗是庞德在法国的地铁 站触景而作,通过意象的叠加,诗歌最终大 大方方地落笔成简洁的14字。
Ezra Pound was America famous imagist poet. He and Eliot in the same post symbolist poetry leader. He Chinese from classical poetry, Japanese haiku of Health issued "poetry" theory, and made outstanding contributions to each other Eastern and Western poetry.
翻译名家介绍:EzraPound
艾兹拉。
庞德(Ezra Pound)
1885年出⽣于美国爱达荷州海莱市。
21岁时获宾⼣法尼亚⼤学⽂学硕⼠学位。
1909年前往伦敦,与当时在⽂坛上颇为活跃的休姆等⼈结识,庞德早期从事意象派的写作便是受这些⼈的影响。
1913年,弗。
福林特发表的意象派三点纲领,在两年后的《意象派诗选》的序⾔中,庞德⼜加了三条新原则:提倡⽤准确的⽇常语⾔,创造新的韵律以及⾃由选材。
这些主张对现代⾃由体诗的发展起了重⼤的作⽤,⽽也为庞德之后改写现代派诗作了准备。
1917年,庞德参与到温德汉。
路易斯创办的《风暴》杂志中,以表现⼒量为⽬的,宣扬应该改⾰意象派创作上的弊陋,要求那些善于写作平淡和伤感性诗歌的诗⼈⽤有⼒的、有运动感的意象和节奏来创作。
由于意见的相违,渐渐的庞德脱离出意象派。
1917年之后他开始了现代派的写作。
除此之外,庞德还是⼀个热衷于介绍中国古典诗歌和哲学的翻译家,经他改编并翻译了《神州⾏》、《诗经》等儒家经典。
代表作品:
《神州集》(1915年)
《休。
赛尔温。
莫伯利》(1920年)
《诗章》(1916-1968年)。
庞德的诗歌
庞德的诗歌
埃兹拉·庞德(Ezra Pound)是美国著名的意象派诗人,他的诗歌以独特的意象表达和形式技巧而著称。
在他的诗歌中,他大量运用了东方文化元素,尤其是中国古典诗歌的影响。
下面我们来欣赏两首庞德的诗歌:
1.《在地铁站内》:
几张脸在人群中幻景般闪现,
湿漉漉的黑树枝上花瓣数点。
这首诗以地铁站内的人群和湿漉漉的黑树枝上的花瓣为意象,展现了现代都市生活中的瞬间美感。
庞德将人脸与花瓣、地铁人群与黑树枝相互对照,形成了一种底片叠印般的传神效果。
2.《在一个地铁车站》:
人群中这些幻影般闪现的面庞,
湿而黑的树枝上花瓣片片。
这首诗同样是庞德的经典之作,以简短的两行诗描绘了地铁站内的人群和树枝上的花瓣。
通过这种形式,庞德成功地捕捉到了现代都市生活的韵味和东方美学意境。
庞德的诗歌以意象派手法为特点,强调诗人对生活场景的敏锐捕捉和独特表达。
他的诗歌风格独具一格,为美国诗歌的发展做出了重要贡献。
Ezra-Pound-美国文学庞德课件
Imagism
four principles: 1) direct treatment 单刀直入 2) precise image 意象清晰 3) economical expression 表达简洁 4) musical rhythm 富有乐感
Image
master works: 埃兹拉· 庞德(Ezra Pound) 《女孩》 (Girl) 杜利特尔(Hilda Doolittle) 《不倒的墙》 (The Walls Do Not Fall) 威廉姆斯(William Carlos Williams) 《佩特森》(Paterson)
Ezra Pound 埃兹拉· 庞德
(1885-1972)
“the prophet of the open spirit”
自由精神的预言 者
Life
Born in Idaho (1885) Hamilton college and the University of Pennsylvania left for Europe (1908) Foreign editor of Poetry (1912) Paris (1920) Italy, his misbehavior in WWII (1925-45) Death in Italy (1972)
Cantos--Intellectual Diary Since 1915
Theme: an attempt to impose, through art, order and meaning upon a chaotic and meaningless world.
Image
generalization: A literary movement launched by British and American poets early in the 20th century in reaction against Victorian sentimentalism that advocated the use of free verse, common speech patterns, and clear concrete images.
Ezra pound (1885-1972)
Ezra ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱound(18851972) 艾兹拉· 庞德
By
GuanXiao
Ezra Pound was identified as the father of American poetry and the most influential leader of the Imagist Movement.
‘In a Station of the Metro ’
The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough.
1、在地铁车站 (辜正坤) 人丛中这些幽灵似的人脸, 潮湿的黑色树枝上的花瓣。
3、地铁站上 (余光中) 人群中,这些面孔的鬼影; 潮湿的黑树枝上的花瓣。
Cantos (1915)
● It contains 117 poems. ● It is about social history, cultures and languages. ● He imposes order and meaning upon a meaningless world. ● He sees Chinese history and Confucius孔子 counteract抵消 Western gloom and confusion. ● A chaotic inhuman and non-spiritual world needs saving.
美国文学Unit17(1)Imagism+EzraPound
Imagism: its representatives
T. E. Hulme: Autumn F. S. Flint: The Swan Richard Aldington Hilda Doolittle: Oread Amy Lowell: Wind and Silver William Carlos Williams: The Red Wheelbarrow Ezra Pound: In a Station of the Metro
Pound's poetry is best known for its clear, visual images, fresh rhythms, and muscular, intelligent, unusual lines
2. His works:
主要作品有《面具》(1909)、 《反击》(1912)、 《献祭》(1916)、 《休· 西尔文· 毛伯莱》(1920) 和《诗章》(1917-1959)等。
I.
1)
Imagism:
It is a Movement in U.S. and English poetry characterized by the use of concrete language and figures of speech, modern subject matter, metrical freedom, and avoidance of romantic or mystical themes, aiming at clarity of expression through the use of precise visual images.
