专升本语法专题7非谓语动词.ppt
非谓语动词语法讲解 ppt课件
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过去 × × 分词
动名 词 ×
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1.To see you is glad. （作主语） =It’s glad to see you. (作宾语） 2.I want to see you. 3.I want him to see you. （作宾补） (作表语） 4.My hope is to see you. 5.He is the man to see you. （作定语） 6.I’m glad to see you. （作原因状语） （作目的状语） 7.I went to see you. 8.He went so early as to （作结果状语） ppt 课件 see you
I prefer to stay at home today．(具体某次行为) He prefers walking to cycling．(惯常行为) *一般说来不能用于进行时的动词如：realize， know，understand，see，lose等，多用不定式 如：I began to realize I had been wrong. We hate to lose the chance . Now we are beginning to see it more clearly.
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4.非谓语动词的用法区别
不定式和动名词作宾语的区别：
⑴.下列动词常用不定式作宾语： aim ,ask, dare ,appear, arrange ,demand, help, hesitate, pay, plan, wait, fail, seek, prepare, happen, mean, prove, expect, wish, hope, decide, refuse, offer, learn, agree, choose, promise, pretend, manage, care, determine, afford等。 如：He offered to help us .
专升本非谓语动词考点归纳
非谓语动词知识点汇总（专升本英语）一. 常接to do的搭配（1）动词+to do：decide/determine, learn, want, expect/ hope;refuse, manage, wish, pretend; offer, promise, choose, plan;agree, ask/ beg, help等记忆口诀：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装；主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
（2）动词+sb./sth. +to do：如：want, get, wish, expect, ask, tell, order, command, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, drive, forbid, encourage, call on, wait for, invite, teach, remind, request, prefer, train, warn等注：特殊动词常跟不带to的不定式作宾补，但变为被动语态后，不定式的to不能省略。
这类特殊动词有：记忆口诀：五看三使役：see/look/watch/notice/observe, make/let/have 二听一感半帮助：hear/listen to, feel, (to) help主动to字要离去，被动to字要回府。
（3）It形式主语① It + be + 形容词+ for/of ... + to do It be +difficult/easy/important/impossible/necessary（修饰事情）... for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是……的It be + careless/clever/foolish/silly/stupid/kind/brave（修饰人）... of sb. to do sth.某人做某事是……的It is important for me to learn a foreign language.It is kind of you to help me.② It + be +名词词组+ to do常用名词词组：a pity, a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour, a questionIt’s a pity to leave s o early.③ It + takes (sb.)+时间（金钱）+ to do It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot. 步行将花费一整天时间到达山顶。
非谓语动词与独立主格结构.ppt
非谓语动词 & 独立主格结构
By Gordon
一、非谓语动词 1. 定义： 在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形 式叫做非谓语动词，它不受人称和数的限制。
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二、形式：
省略to的情况：
1. 在使役动词和感官动词后：（一感二听三看四让） feel / hear, listen to / loot at, see, watch / let, make, have, get
2. had better (not) do sth. 最好（不）做。。。 3. why not / why don't you do sth. 为什么不做。。。？ 4. help sb. (to) do sth. 5. would rather do...宁愿做。。。 6. would you (please) do ... 情态动词 + do； 助动词 + do
独立主格特点： A: 用逗号 “,” 与主句分开，没有 “and”。 B: 介词with可省。 C: 在句中作状语，可改为相应的状语从句。
With one more chance given, I will make it. （独立主格）
If I am given one more chance, I will make it. （状语从句）
区别： Remember / forget / + doing(to do) Stop + doing (to do) Go on + doing (to do) Try + doing (to do)
Hale Waihona Puke 二、独立主格形式：
1. With + N + adj. 2. With + N + adv. 3. With + N + prep. 4. With + N + doing 重点 5. With + N + done 重点 6. With + N + to do 重点
专升本英语语法非谓语动词
独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主
语不同，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，
副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
I heard someone playing the violin in the next room.
A）I heard my brother (singing , sung ) in the next
room B）I heard the song (singing , sung ) in English .
My grandfather was delighted to hear that I passed my exams.
I was disappointed to learn the news.
3.作宾语补足语
重要！
We find the journey to Africa exciting.
常在see, hear, watch, feel, notice,find， discover，consider等感觉动词后或have，get， catch，leave，keep，start，send，set等使 役动词后用现在/过去分词构成的复合宾语，表 示动作进行或被动；而动词原形则表示动作的全 过程。
非谓语动词
分词
不定式
动名词
谓语和非谓语动词的区别： 不定式
非谓语动词不能单独作谓语：
作状语
Miss Mary teaches us English.
英语语法之非谓语动词
语法专题(七)非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的句法功能二、非谓语动词的形式(以make为例)三、关于非谓语动词的几种被动形式的使用和区别四、不定式、V-ing形式和V-ed作不同句子成分的用法区别1.不定式、V-ing和V-ed作状语的区别(1)不定式结构常用作目的状语，表示结果常见于下列搭配：so¡as to¡；such¡as to¡；enough to¡；too¡to¡；never to...，only to(通常是一个未曾料到的不愉快的结果)。
这样考过①(全国Ⅰ)The children all turned ________ the famous actress as she entered the classroom. A．looked at B．to look atC．to looking at D．look at解析：句意：当这位著名的女演员走进入教室时，所有的孩子都转过头去看她。
此处用to look at表目的。
答案：B②(福建三地五校)She returned home from the office，only ________ the door open and something missing.A．has found B．to be foundC．to find D．found解析：由句意：她从办公室回到家，结果发现门开着，也丢了东西。
知only to find作结果状语，表出乎意料的结果。
答案：C③(湖南十校联考)If the food tastes nice，we'll buy some；if ________，________.A．no; no B．not; notC．not; no D．no; not解析：第一空用not; if not表¡°如果不¡±，在此相当于if it doesn't taste nice；而第二空也用not，相当于we won't buy。
非谓语动词完整ppt课件完整版
08 非谓语动词的常见错误及解析
误用非谓语动词代替谓语动词
混淆概念
非谓语动词和谓语动词在英语句子中扮演不同的角色，不能互相替换。非谓语 动词主要起修饰、补充或说明的作用，而谓语动词则是句子的核心，表达主语 的动作或状态。
错误用法
在句子中，非谓语动词不能单独作为谓语使用，否则会导致语法错误。例如， “He enjoying the music.”这句话中，enjoying是非谓语动词，不能作为谓 语，应改为“He is enjoying the music.”
由动词+ing构成，表示一般的、抽象 的、习惯性的动作或状态，具有名词 的性质。
非谓语动词与谓语动词的区别
谓语动词是句子的核心，表示主语的 动作或状态，具有时态、语态、主谓 一致等变化。
谓语动词在句中只能有一个，而非谓 语动词可以有一个或多个。
非谓语动词在句中作为其他成分，不 受主语人称和数的限制，也不具有时 态和语态的变化。
非谓语动词具有动词的性质，可以表示 动作、状态或属性，但不具有时态和语 态的变化。
非谓语动词的种类
不定式
由to+动词原形构成，表示一次性的 动作或未发生的动作，具有目的、原 因、结果等意义。
动名词
分词
包括现在分词和过去分词，分别由动 词+ing和动词+ed构成，表示主动和 被动的动作或状态，常用作定语和状 语。
作状语和补语
不定式作状语
表示目的、结果或原因，如：He worked hard to pass the exam. / He is too young to go to school.
分词作状语
现在分词表示主动或进行，过去分词表示被动或完成，如： Seeing the cat， the mouse ran away. / Heated， water will boil.
专升本语法专题7非谓语动词
功能
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作表语
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The music is pleasing to the ear.
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He became discouraged.
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He got promoted.
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The news was disappointing.
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考点透析
作宾补
She smelt sth burn.
He’s happy to see her old mother take good care of at home.
考点一
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
-ving 作真正的主语，it 为形式主语。
N→no good, no use, no point, no sense, no harm, a waste of time etc.
结构为：It is + n / adj + doing sth
Do you feel like going to the movie?
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பைடு நூலகம்
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考点三
My uncle took to smoking years ago.
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I am looking forward to seeing you again.
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to是不定式？还是介词？
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be / get used / accustomed to doing、be opposed to、devote oneself to、get down to、look forward to、object to、stick to、take to等。
专升本英语-非谓语动词
二、动名词作宾语
② 有些动词既能以不定式作宾语，又能以动名词作宾语，但意
思不同。
If I had remembered to close the window, the thief would
not have got in. （记得要去做某事）
I remembered seeing her once somewhere.
二、不定式的进行式
to be+动词-ing，所表示的动作与谓语动词的动作是同时发生
的，而且正在进行着
• They seem to be getting along quite well.
• He is said to be studying in New York.
三、不定式的过去式
to have+过去分词，表示动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前
• He is said to have left Shanghai.
• She seems to have read the book before.
D 1. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music.
A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard B 2.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______the
I want to know this matter. I don’t expect to meet you here.
1. They wanted 3. I agreed twenties.
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考点一
（一）真正主语to do被置于句末，用it放在句首充当
形式主语。 To spend your vacation at the seaside is quite pleasure. It requires patience to be a good nurse. It takes Susan 2 hours to dress herself up each day.
非谓语动词
一、谓语动词与非谓语动词
谓语动词→在句子中作谓语的动词。 1) Young people often hike and they enjoy hiking very
much. 2) Rose, who is an attractive girl, works in a factory and now she is working a new machine. 非谓语动词→在句子里不能作谓语的动词。
考点三
（三）to do与–ving (n)作主语和表语时的区别 Sending an e-mail is quite common today.
To send an e-mail is my task this afternoon.
My job is teaching English.
考点二
（二）作but / except的宾语，注意要不要to。 There is no choice but to wait and see.
My today’s job is to teach you how to learn English well.
考点透析
二、作宾语
常用to do作宾语的词有afford、attempt、continue、
dare、decide、decline、endeavor、hesitate、hope、 intend、prepare、pretend、tend、venture、want、 volunteer等。 I can’t afford to live in a detached house. Peter failed to pass the final exam.
考点一
（一）用it作形式宾语，真正宾语to do
常用该结构的动词有：find、feel、believe、make、
consider等。 I found it interesting to play snooker. Do you consider it better not to go?
3) The tower being repaired was put up in the Tang
Dynasty.
四、n, adj, adv→n(主、表、宾), adj(定), adv(状)
To see is to believe.
Saying is easier than doing. He loathed getting up early in the morning.
考点一
2. It is + n + to do
N→a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, an honor, a shame, a
crime, etc. It is a pity to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.
考点二
（二）-ving 作真正的主语，it 为形式主语。
结构为：It is + n / adj + doing sth N→no good, no use, no point, no sense, no harm, a
waste of time etc. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is no good objecting. It is good playing Chinese chess after supper.
二、非谓语动词是什么样子呢？
它以三种形式出现： 1. to do
2. -ving
3. –ved
三、非谓语动词是动词吗？能充 当其他成分吗？
是动词→所以有时态、语态的区别 1) He tried to work out the problem.
2) I am sorry to have kept you waiting.
考点一
1. It is / was + adj + of / for sb + to do
It was thoughtful ______ her to come to see me when I
was ill. It was nasty ______ Jim to behave like that. It is important ______ us to understand the point. It is foolish ______ her to buy the picture.
He is a promising young man.
Seeing a car coming, they stepped aside.
考点透析
一、作主语或表语 To hesitate means failure. To think of you makes me old. To know oneself is difficult. To err is human. To talk to her is to talk to a wall. To love is to be loved. To see her is to love her. To live is to do something worthwhile. Peter was to perish in a car crash and to leave a wife and 6 children.