bec复习资料
笔译期末复习资料
笔译期末复习资料Unit 4 conversion转换法1.I have no intension of wearying you with this matter. 2.It was only my capacity for hard work that saved me from early dismissal. 3.The The two two two leaders leaders leaders had had had a a a serious serious serious and and and frank frank frank exchange exchange exchange of of of views views views on on on Sino-U.S. Sino-U.S. relations and world affairs. 4.The basilica is a conglomeration of contrary styles and periods. 5.In In the the the exchange exchange exchange of of of cultures cultures cultures throughout throughout throughout the the the world, world, world, the the the study study study of of of foreign foreign languages is a must. 6.The thought of him always fills me with strength. (adverbial clause of time) 7.Urgent business prevented me from calling on you. 8.A day’s exploration convinced him that this was not the spot.9.A wet day brings out colorful light mackintoshes. Unit 5 addition增补法1.It is a part, and a very important part, of the air defense of our country. 2.Since gaining our independence, we have made every effort to overcome the servitude of our past. 3.The frequency, wavelength, and speed of sound are closely related. 4.The chief effects of electric currents are the magnetic, heating and chemical effects. 5. This This report report report summed summed summed up up up the the the new new new achievements achievements achievements made made made in in in electron electron electron tubes, tubes, semiconductors and components. 6. The spirit of peaceful coexistence must embody the idea that states cannot be left to struggle on single-handed. 7. Theory is something, but practice is everything. 8. The whole square was alive with singing and rejoicing. 9. He has in his vision the totality of every world problem, political, economic, human human……10. I t’s a bit fishy that she should have given away a villa like that.Unit 6 Omission省略法 1. Water passes from a liquid to solid state when it freezes. 2. You should keep calm even when you are in danger. 3. She covered her face with her hands as if to protect her eyes. 4. Turning on his face, he rested his chin on his hands. 5. Never get on or off the bus before it comes to a standstill. 6. Practically all substances expand when heated and contract when cooled. 7. As she turned the corner she had a new idea which made her stop dead. 8. It is ten to one that we will over-fulfil our production quota. 9. From 4℃ on down, water will decreasein density and increase in volume as it gets colder. 10. T here are a number of peculiarities about the surface features of the earth. 11. H e went out and shut the door gently behind him. unit 7 repetition 重复法2. 2. The The The use use use of of of atomic atomic atomic weapons weapons weapons is is is a a a clear clear clear violation violation violation of of of international international international law, law, in particular of the Geneva Convention; 3. Aerostatics is the study of how an object is supported in the air by buoyancy, that is, its ability to float in the air as a boat floats on water. 1. Despite his versatility of talent and shiftiness of purpose, this man has in his whole lifetime been wedded to the most fossilized routine. ; 2. 2. The The The solid solid solid friendship friendship friendship between between between our our our two two two countries countries countries took took took shape shape shape during during during our our protected struggles against colonialism, hegemonism, and outmoded relationships. 5. 5. Reading Reading Reading exerci exerci exercises ses ses one’s one’s one’s eyes; eyes; eyes; speaking, speaking, speaking, one’s one’s one’s tongue; tongue; tongue; while while while writing, writing, writing, one’s one’s mind.; 6. 6. Thales Thales Thales thought thought thought water water water was was was the the the beginning beginning beginning of of of everything; everything; everything; Anaximenes, Anaximenes, Anaximenes, air; air; Heraclitus, fire. 1. Radar is a newly developed technique by which people can see things beyond the visibility of them. ; 3. 3. W e W e have have have advocated advocated advocated the the the principle principle principle of of of peaceful peaceful peaceful co-existence, co-existence, co-existence, which which which is is is now now growing more and more popular among the nations of Asia and Africa. 19. He walked down the line shaking hands with each other and mumbling a few words that were inaudible.; 21. Walking up and down the empty room, he stopped here and there to touch or look. unit 8 Inversion 倒置法12. S he had such a kindly, smiling, tender, gentle, generous heart of her own.; 13. S he was an intelligent, attractive and somewhat temperamental daughter of a well-to-do doctor in Haddington. 14. T hen one can see the oval face of a handsome young woman with deep darkeyes and l ong long heavy clinging tresses. tresses. 15. B ernard Shaw was a well-known English playwright, who wrote many plays .; 16. A ir is a mixture of gases, of which oxygen forms 21 percent by volume.17. J ohn, who was sick yesterday , did not come to class.; 18. I n n a a a dispute dispute dispute between between between two two two states states with which one is friendly , , try try try not not not to to to get get involved.; 19. W e e maintain that no peace situation is permanent maintain that no peace situation is permanent which does not take into account the legitimate wishes of the majority of the people of any country.20. S he was s o so worried that she could hardly eat her supper.; 21. N ow that I think of it , we were wrong in turning down her proposal. unit 9 Negation 反译法22. S he did not l eave the letter here on purpose for you to read.; leave the letter here on purpose for you to read.; 23. Y ou cannot politely turn down the invitation to the conference. 24. U nder no circumstances would we give up our principles. would we give up our principles. 25. H e was grown into quite another creature from what he was.; 26. O ur work is still a long way from perfection.; perfection.; 27. I have read your articles. I expected to meet an older man. 28. A ll of the atoms of an element do not have exactly the same mass.; 29. E verything is not good, but equally everything is not bad. 30. I t is not to be denied that no sacrifice is too great to avert a catastrophe. to avert a catastrophe. 31. W hen I think of all the waste, words fail me. unit 10 Division拆译法 1. They relentlessly tear at the flowers they see. 2. I shall be glad of your company on the journey. 3. 3. The The The time time time could could could have have have been been been more more more profitably profitably profitably spent spent spent in in in making making making a a a detailed detailed investigation. (= if the time had been spent in making a detailed investigation, it could have been more profitable.) 4. They tried vainly to blame us for the break down in the truce talks. 5. Any comment on it should appropriately come from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 6. 6. Statistically Statistically Statistically significant significant significant correlation correlation correlation exists exists exists between between between vitamin vitamin vitamin deficiency deficiency deficiency and and disease. 7. 7. His His His article article article is is is a a a well-written well-written well-written composition composition composition with with with good good good organization organization organization and and and fine fine style. 8. In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colours. 9. The difficulty of attainment increases the value of the object. 10. 10. Electronic Electronic Electronic computers, computers, computers, which which which have have have many many many advantages, advantages, advantages, cannot cannot cannot do do do creative creative work and replace man. 11. Food which is kept too long decays because it is attacked by yeasts, moulds and bacteria. 12. There is an emergency exit in the roof of the car through which passengers can escape. unit 11 Condensation 缩译法1. 1. When When When we we we praise praise praise the the the Chinese Chinese Chinese leadership leadership leadership and and and the the the people, people, people, we we we are are are not not not merely merely being polite. 2. Before the night was far advanced, they began to move against the enemy. 3. The chances are that the new machine will arrive tomorrow. 4. 4. The The The imitation, imitation, imitation, or or or make-believe, make-believe, make-believe, of of of life life life which which which poetry poetry poetry offers offers offers constitutes constitutes constitutes an an ordered whole. 5. One “Take this” is better than two “I’ll give you”.unit 12 Translation of Passive Voice 被动式译法1. Gases are frequently regarded as compressible, liquids as incompressible. 2. Many elements in nature are found to be mixtures of different isotopes. unit 13 Translation of Long Sentences 长句译法1. From the standpoint of the developing countries, the next decade should see a a greatly greatly greatly accelerated accelerated accelerated program program program for for for scien fic scien fic scien fic and and and technological technological technological co-opera on, co-opera on, aimed at wide-spread dissemina on of technology for mee ng the basic needs of man, such as nutri on, shelter, communica ons, health and sanita on. 2. The tendency of a body to continue in motion is clear to one who observes that that an an an automobile automobile automobile or or or a a a train train train moves moves moves for for for some some some distance distance distance even even even when when when brakes brakes brakes are are used to check this motion. 3. 3. There There There is is is no no no more more more difference, difference, difference, but but but there there there is is is just just just the the the same same same kind kind kind of of of difference, difference, between between the the the mental mental mental operations operations operations of of of a a a man man man of of of science science science and and and those those those of of of an an an ordinary ordinary person as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher who who weighs weighs weighs out out out his his his goods goods goods in in in common common common scales scales scales and and and the the the operations operations operations of of of a a a chemist chemist who who performs performs performs a a a difficult difficult difficult and and and complex complex complex analysis analysis analysis by by by means means means of of of his his his balance balance balance and and finely graduated weights. 。
BEC复习
分项解读：商务英语(BEC)备考注意事项1. 关于中高级听力的问题：首先，BEC的听力问题和国内考试的听力不太一样，所以很多同学所采用的精听不见得有很好的效果；其次，BEC的听力是给两次机会的，这点国内的考试不具备；第三，BEC的听力具备明显的国际商务应用背景，这对大部分只有学习经历背景的同学来说，理解起来有难度；第四，一定要记得，我们考的是英国的考试，和国内的商务应用不一样，所以切忌把它本土化。
下面我们分部分来说。
题目选自《人邮版真题第三辑》第一部分听写填空以Test one 为例，BEC的听力考试中英音的发音占到70%，其余的30%为美音，所以考生平时多听英音是有帮助的。
第一部分都是三段电话留言或者短对话，我们注意到填空中需要的都是名词或形容词，比如第一个填空题：plant manager, parking area, shop floor 和delivery，看似很简单的几个名词或名词词组，但是在听的时候怎么能抓住这些主要信息呢。
我们看下这个题面：关于有人要来公司参观的事宜，那么我们可以从题面看到，无非我们想知道：谁来，在哪里见面，时间，日程安排，几点钟到哪个地方，可见都是一些很规范的细节题，这样我们建议大家：抓住名词和名词词组结构，还有部分形容词，这点和国内的考试稍有差别，BEC的形容词是用来使他想表达的信息更加精确的，换句话说就是限定了他想说的范围，这样非常符合商务的需求之一：精准。
大家知道BEC的考题是给考生读题时间的，15秒，那么把握这15秒就很重要，我们看这道题的题面：visitors - ten European ________, 很明显，十个来自欧洲的什么人；听的时候抓住European, 听到后马上写下来，记得此时，如果不能写完整，那么就写前面的几个字母也是有帮助的。
我们看到后面的题目和这道题具备同样的特征：meet visitors near the __________, 在什么附近见面；visit to the _______ , 去什么地方参观；Coffee 之后再去visit ________ yard, 看起来是个庭院，这样我们在15秒的时间中做到了有的放矢。
21天突破bec高级词汇.pdf
21天突破BEC高级词汇在商务英语的世界中，BEC高级证书是一张极具分量的名片。
它代表着持有者在商务场合中的英语应用能力达到了一个相当高的水平。
而在备考BEC高级的过程中，词汇的积累是极为关键的一环。
接下来，我将为你详细解析如何在短短的21天内突破BEC高级词汇，让你的商务英语词汇量有一个质的飞跃。
一、了解BEC高级词汇的特点BEC高级词汇具有专业性强、涉及面广、实用性高等特点。
它们不仅包括日常的商务用语，还涵盖了市场营销、财务管理、人力资源等多个专业领域。
因此，在备考过程中，我们需要有针对性地进行词汇的筛选和记忆。
二、制定21天词汇突破计划1.第1-3天：基础词汇巩固在这三天里，我们的主要任务是巩固基础词汇。
这些词汇是商务英语中的常用词，也是我们进行日常交流的基础。
通过复习和巩固这些词汇，我们可以为接下来的学习打下坚实的基础。
2.第4-7天：专业领域词汇学习从第四天开始，我们将进入专业领域词汇的学习。
我们可以根据自己的兴趣或工作需要，选择市场营销、财务管理、人力资源等某一专业领域进行深入学习。
每天学习并记忆该领域的专业词汇，逐步扩大自己的词汇量。
3.第8-14天：词汇运用与实践在学习了基础词汇和专业领域词汇后，我们需要将这些词汇运用到实际的商务场合中。
这七天里，我们可以通过模拟商务场景、撰写商务邮件、进行商务谈判等方式，实践所学词汇。
这样不仅可以加深我们对词汇的记忆，还可以提高我们的词汇运用能力。
4.第15-21天：词汇复习与总结最后七天，我们将进入词汇的复习与总结阶段。
我们可以通过做题、阅读商务文章等方式，检验自己对词汇的掌握情况。
同时，我们还可以总结自己在词汇学习过程中的经验和教训，为今后的学习提供参考。
三、掌握有效的词汇学习方法1.联想记忆法：将生词与已知的词汇或图像相联系，形成记忆网络。
例如，当遇到生词“leverage”时，我们可以联想其意思“杠杆作用”以及与“lever”的关系。
2.词根词缀法：通过学习常见的词根和词缀，我们可以推测出生词的大致意思。
bec中级考试试题库
bec中级考试试题库BEC（Business English Certificate）中级考试是专为非英语国家中希望提高商务英语水平的人士设计的，它涵盖了商务环境中的听、说、读、写四个方面。
以下是BEC中级考试试题库的模拟内容，供参考：BEC中级考试模拟试题库一、听力部分Section A：短对话理解1. 听下面的对话，选择正确的答案。
- 问题：What is the man's job?- 对话：Woman: "I heard you're working at the newmarketing firm downtown."Man: "Yes, I'm a marketing specialist there."2. 听下面的对话，选择正确的答案。
- 问题：Why is the woman upset?- 对话：Woman: "I can't believe the company didn't give us a raise this year."Man: "I know, it's disappointing."Section B：长对话理解听下面的长对话，回答以下问题：- 问题1：What is the main topic of the meeting?- 问题2：What is the woman's suggestion for improving sales?二、阅读部分Section A：快速阅读阅读以下商务邮件，回答以下问题：- 问题1：What is the purpose of the email?- 问题2：What is the deadline for the project mentioned?Section B：深度阅读阅读以下商务报告，回答以下问题：- 问题1：What are the main findings of the report?- 问题2：What recommendations does the report make for the company's future?三、写作部分Task 1：商务邮件撰写根据以下情景撰写一封商务邮件：- 情景：你是一家国际公司的市场部经理，需要给潜在客户发送一封介绍公司产品并邀请他们参加产品展示会的邮件。
bec中级考试备考攻略
bec中级考试备考攻略BEC中级考试是一项针对商务英语水平的考试，旨在测试考生在商务场合下的英语交际能力。
为了顺利通过BEC中级考试，以下是一些备考攻略：1. 熟悉考试内容和要求：在备考前，你需要了解BEC中级考试的具体内容和要求，包括考试形式、考试时间、考试题型等。
这有助于你更好地制定备考计划，有针对性地进行复习。
2. 提高听力技能：BEC中级考试的听力部分难度较高，考生需要提高自己的听力技能。
建议多听一些商务英语材料，如商务谈判、商务演讲等，熟悉商务英语的语音、语调和表达方式。
同时，还要多做听力练习题，提高自己的解题技巧。
3. 提高阅读理解能力：BEC中级考试的阅读部分涉及的题材广泛，考生需要提高自己的阅读理解能力。
建议多读一些商务英语文章，了解商务英语的语法、词汇和表达方式。
同时，还要多做阅读理解练习题，提高自己的解题技巧。
4. 提高写作技能：BEC中级考试的写作部分要求考生写商务英语信函、邮件等文体，考生需要提高自己的写作技能。
建议多模仿一些优秀的商务英语信函、邮件等文本，学习其写作技巧和表达方式。
同时，还要多做写作练习题，提高自己的写作能力。
5. 参加培训班或课程：如果你对BEC中级考试还不太熟悉，可以参加一些针对BEC中级考试的培训班或课程，系统学习BEC中级考试的知识和技巧。
6. 多做模拟试题：模拟试题是备考BEC中级考试的必备资料，考生可以通过多做模拟试题了解自己的备考情况，熟悉考试的题型和难度。
建议在备考过程中多做几套模拟试题，不断总结经验和方法。
7. 调整心态：BEC中级考试是一项有难度的考试，考生需要保持良好的心态和积极的态度。
在备考过程中，要坚持不懈地学习，不断总结经验和教训，逐步提高自己的英语水平。
总之，备考BEC中级考试需要全面提高英语水平和应试能力。
考生需要系统地复习各个方面的知识，加强练习和模拟考试，同时保持良好的心态和积极的态度。
BEC(剑桥商务英语)中级备考经验
BEC(剑桥商务英语)中级备考经验为了让大家更好的准备商务英语BEC考试，给大家整理BEC 中级备考干货,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
1.BEC高级心得今晚查的高级成绩，本来准考证号上写的19号才能查，但其实高级成绩15年12月12号就已经可以查了!【坑啊等了好久的说=。
= 大家记得保留好自己的准考证，以及BEC差成绩的网站：https:///Members/Login.aspx 【个人基本情况】大三在读，旅游管理专业女生;四级611，六级579;复习时间：一个半月，直接考的高级;总分：73，Grade C。
四个部分得分如下：下面我就口语-阅读-听力-写作的顺序谈谈我对这四部分的感受，末尾附上所买资料：【口语Speaking】·找搭档：我在考试前一个半月报的名，然后发了个征集高级口语搭档的朋友圈，和一位外国语学院的妹子一拍即合。
但是我们平时基本零交流，直到考试之前两天才正式见了面，大概交流了一下对口语题目的感受，星期六就直接上考场了。
个人觉得搭档不会对成绩起到决定性的作用，不过有搭档比没搭档更保险，尤其是平时比较少开口讲英语的小伙伴来说。
·临场练习：正式口语考试之间中间有吃饭+排队时间，大概为2个半小时，我们练了3个话题左右，采用的是互相问答的形式。
事实证明临阵磨枪还是有一定效果的，她之前考过中级，有一定的经验，比如坐下来的时候搭档之间可以互相打招呼不用太死板，还有给自己想好英文名，考官会在开场的时候问到等等。
·排队候考：有一点值得注意的是，经过上午3个多小时的考试，再加上中午没午休，下午在排队等口试的时候人已经很疲乏了，大家可以趁机趴在桌子上休息一会儿，或者直接跟老师申请快点考(我们那里是可以的)，以最饱满的精神完成最后的口语。
我们在门外候场的时候，前面两个考生从里面出来，说考官问到有关环境保护的问题，结果我们进去的时候也考到了!考官的问题是打印在一张纸上面的，所以后面重复的可能性也很大，不妨问问考完的考生问的是什么问题，适当准备一下。
商务英语专业资格考试复习笔记分享
商务英语专业资格考试复习笔记分享商务英语专业资格考试（Business English Certificate，简称BEC）是国际上广泛认可的一项商务英语能力评估体系，旨在衡量个人在商务环境中的英语沟通能力。
对于商务英语专业的学生来说，通过BEC考试是提升自身竞争力的重要途径。
在这篇文章中，我将分享一些BEC考试的复习笔记，希望对正在备考的同学们有所帮助。
一、商务英语基础知识1. 商务词汇商务英语中常用的词汇非常重要，复习时可以通过制作词汇卡片进行记忆。
可以分为不同主题，如市场营销、财务、人力资源等，每天复习一定数量的词汇，并进行反复操练。
2. 商务写作商务英语写作是BEC考试的重要组成部分，需要掌握常见的商务信函、报告、备忘录等写作格式。
可以通过模拟真实场景，练习写作不同类型的商务文件，例如回复客户投诉、提出建议等。
3. 商务口语商务英语口语考察的是应对实际工作场景中的沟通能力，因此需要多进行角色扮演练习。
可以找一个学习伙伴，通过模拟商务谈判、电话沟通等场景进行对话练习，提高口语表达能力和应变能力。
二、商务沟通技巧1. 有效听力商务场景中的听力理解能力非常重要，需要能够听懂各种商务会议、电话交流等场景中的内容。
可以通过多听商务英语教材中的录音，同时注意提高听力速度和理解能力。
2. 跨文化沟通商务英语考试中也会考察跨文化沟通的能力，因此需要了解不同国家和地区的商务礼仪和文化习惯。
可以通过阅读相关书籍、观看纪录片等方式，了解不同文化之间的差异，提高应对跨文化沟通的能力。
3. 有效演讲商务英语考试中的演讲部分需要展示自己的表达能力和演讲技巧。
可以通过参加演讲培训班或者加入演讲俱乐部，提高自己的演讲能力和自信心。
三、备考技巧1. 制定合理的复习计划在备考BEC考试时，需要制定合理的复习计划，将复习内容分解为小目标，并合理安排每天的学习时间。
可以根据自己的实际情况，制定每天的学习计划，并坚持执行。
2. 多做模拟题BEC考试的题型比较固定，可以通过做模拟题来熟悉题型和提高解题能力。
21天突破bec高级核心词汇
21天突破BEC高级核心词汇引言BEC（商务英语证书）是一个以商务英语能力为基础的国际化商业英语考试，被广泛认可和接受。
其中，BEC高级考试是BEC考试中最高级别的考试，并且对词汇量要求非常高。
本文将介绍一种21天突破BEC高级核心词汇的学习方法。
通过每天的有针对性的学习和复习，有效地提高词汇量和词汇应用能力。
方法建立学习计划首先，建立一个21天的学习计划。
每天的学习时间需要保持一致，以确保持续学习的动力。
在计划中，要合理分配时间用于新词汇的学习和旧词汇的复习。
日常学习流程以下是每天的学习流程，每天的内容大致包括：学习新词汇、复习旧词汇以及应用词汇。
学习新词汇1.每天选择一个主题，如商务会议、市场营销等。
2.从相关的BEC高级核心词汇列表中挑选出10个新词汇。
3.针对这10个词汇进行详细学习，包括词义解释、例句和同义词。
复习旧词汇1.每天回顾前几天所学的词汇，确保记忆的持续性。
2.利用记忆方法，如联想、造句等，加深记忆。
应用词汇1.制定口语对话或写作练习，使用当天的新词汇。
2.与学习伙伴进行讨论或交流，互相应用新词汇。
资源选择选择合适的学习资源对快速突破BEC高级核心词汇非常重要。
以下是一些值得推荐的资源：1.BEC高级核心词汇列表：该列表包含了BEC高级考试中的核心词汇，可以作为每日学习的参考资料。
2.高级商务英语教材：选择一本针对BEC高级考试的商务英语教材，按照教材的章节进行选择学习，有助于系统地学习各个领域的词汇。
3.在线资源：利用各种在线平台，如BBC商务英语网、商务英语学习博客等，以获取更多的商务英语资料。
克服困难学习BEC高级核心词汇并不容易，特别是对于母语非英语的学生。
以下是一些克服困难的方法：1.制定学习计划并严格执行：保持坚持学习的动力，每天都有一定的学习时间。
2.组建学习小组：与其他学习者一起学习，互相监督和激励。
3.制定记忆方法：对于难记的词汇，尝试使用联想、造句等方法，加深记忆。
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两大定价方式：penetration渗透和skimming掠脂Marginal cost 边际成本，marginal revenue边际收益Joint adventures 合资企业specification规格，specialization专业化，speculation投机物流是supply chain的一部分，运输是物流的一部分GATT关税暨贸易总协定: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade a value-added process增值过程ABC: Agricultural Bank of China中国农业银行across the company全公司，公司上下Amount in figures小写金额Amount in words/capitals大写金额AP附加保险单additional premiumArbitration仲裁Bank overdraft银行透支BOC: Bank of China中国银行CCB: China Construction Bank中国建设银行CFR成本加运费: Cost and FreightCI: cost and insurance成本保险费用价格CIF成本加运保费: Cost ,Insurance and FreightCIP运保费付至:Carriage and Insurance Paid Tocontrol mechanism控制机制coordination协调cost reduction降低成本CPI (Consumer Price Index) 消费者价格指数CPT运费付至Carriage Paid Tocredit card信用卡Credit line信贷额度customer support客户支持D/A承兑交单documents against acceptanceDAF边境交货Delivered At FrontierDAP指定目的地交货Delivered At PlaceDAT指定终端交货Delivered At TerminalDDP完税后交货Delivered Duty PaidDDU未完税交货Delivered Duty Unpaiddebit card签帐卡,付款卡Delivery Terms交货条件DEQ目的港码头交货Delivered Ex QuayDES目的港船上交货Delivered Ex Shipdirect and indirect costs直接成本和间接成本direct purchase直接采购distribution of physical goods实体物资的配送Draft分类each node in the supply chain供应链中的每个节点ease of shopping轻松购物efficiency increase提高效率Electronic banking (EB) 电子银行EMS: European Monetary system；Express mail serviceEndorsement背书exemption of the time-consuming travel免除耗时的旅行ex-factory price出厂价EXW工厂交货Ex WorksFAS装运港船边交货: Free Alongside Shipfactors of production生产要素factor endowment要素禀赋FCA货交承运人: Free CarrierFDI外商直接投资: Foreign direct investmentfinancial institution金融机构financing support融资支持flexible planning弹性规划flow and storage of goods商品的流动及储存FOB装运港船上交货:Free On BoardForeign Corrupt Practices Act《反国外腐败行为法》GDP国内生产总值: Gross Domestic ProductGNP国民生产总值: gross national productholding (or not) inventories持有(或不持有) 库存ICBC: Industrial & Commercial Bank of China中国工商银行Incoters贸易术语International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms IM国际货币基金组织F: International Monetary Fundintegration and optimization of resources资源的整合与优化integration整合，一体化Interbank interest rate银行同业利率Interest rate利率inventory levels库存水平(量)inventory management库存管理IPO (Initial Public Offering) 首次公开募股JV (Joint Venture) 合资企业labor, equipment and space劳动力、设备和场地logistics professionals物流专业人士Manufacturer生产厂家MNE跨国公司: Multinational Enterprisemovements of goods/product商品/产品的流转M/T: mail transfer 信汇NGO非政府组织: Nongovernmental OrganizationNPLs (Non-performing Loans) 不良贷款obtain greater efficiency获取更大的效率Paid-up/paid-in capital实收资本已缴资本PBOC: People’s Bank of China中国人民银行physical distribution实体配送PI:proforma invoice 形式发票plan, implement and control规划、实施及控制PO: purchase order订购单point of consumption消费地point of origin原产地pre and post-production生产前后期Principal本金Price terms价格术语purchase采购retail price零售价ROE (Return on Equity) 股本回报率ROI (Return on Investment) 投资回报率Sales terms销售条件Sight deposit/demand deposit活期存款SMEs (Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises) 中小型企业SO:sales order销贷单Spread/deferential/margin差价差额supply chain供应链Tax avoidance避税Tax evasion逃税Term deposit/fixed deposit定期存款The “big four” state banks四大国有银行：The central bank中央银行to balance…against…用…和…相平衡to meet customers’ requirements满足客户要求Transport运输Trade Terms贸易术语UN联合国: United NationsV AT (value-added tax) 增值税venture capital (=risk capital) 风险资本warehousing仓储WB: World BankWTO世界贸易组织: World Trade Organization保险单Insurance Policy发票Invoice提货单Bill of Lading, B/L中国保监会China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC) 中国银监会China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) 中国证监会China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) OCP: Overland Common Points陆上公共点地区TEU－twenty-foot equivalent unit标准箱IMO—international maritime organization国际海运组织Modes of Transport 各种运输方式对比Clause of Shipment 装运条款Major Shipping Documents 主要装船单据Ocean Carriage 海洋运输Air Transport 航空运输Rail Transport 铁路运输Road Transport 公路运输Inland Water Transport 内河运输Container Transport 集装箱运输International Multi-modal Transport 国际多式联运Parcel Post Transport and Pipeline Transportation邮政运输与管道运输Time of Shipment 装运时间Port of Shipment / Port of Destination 装运港和目的港Shipping Advice 装运通知Partial Shipment and Transshipment 分批装运和转运Lay Time, Demurrage and Dispatch 装卸时间、滞期与速遣Other Clause of Shipment——OCP条款三聚氰胺奶制品the melamine-tainted milk products地沟油swill-cooked dirty oil or illegal cooking oil牛肉膏beef extract瘦肉精lean meat powder染色馒头tainted steamed buns or dyed steamed buns硫磺姜sulfur ginger塑化剂industrial plasticizer （The plasticizer food scandal in Taiwan ）食品添加剂food additives or food ingredients防腐剂preservatives or antisepticsEnglish for Special Purposes (ESP).the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)the World Trade Organization (WTO)the International Monetary Fund (IMF)the World Bankthe United Nations (UN)Tariffs （specific tariffs & a valorem tariffs 从量税从价税）Subsides补贴？Import Quotas （进口配额）V oluntary Export Restraints （自愿出口限制）Local Content Requirements （国产化规定）Administrative Polices （行政管理政策）Antidumping Policies （反倾销政策）Payment Instrument 支付工具Payment Methods 支付方式Bill of Exchange/Draft 汇票Promissory Note 本票Check 支票Issue 出票Presentation 提示Acceptance 承兑Payment 付款Endorsement 背书Dishonor 拒付Payment Methods 支付方式Remittance汇付Collection托收Letter of Credit 信用证Quiz11What is IB in both Chinese and English?International Business国际商务2What are the three major social responsibilities enterprises are to take? Whichis the most important one?（伦理道德）Societal responsibility Stakeholder responsibilityProfit responsibility (most important)3What are the major differences between Incoterms 2000 and 2010?1 A new classification system divides the 11 Incoterms rules into two distinct groups.2 Under FOB,CFR,CIF, all mention of the ship’s rail as the point of delivery has been omitted in preference for the goods being delivered when they are “on board” the vessel.3 Extensive guidance notes and illustrative graphics to help users efficiently choose the right rule for each transaction.4 Advice for the use of electronic procedures.5 Information on security-related clearances for shipments;6 Advice for the use of Incoterms2010 in domestic trade Post-9/11 cargo security regulations.4Write the complete form for the following terms: INCOTERMS, EXW, DDP Incoterms: International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms EXW: Ex Works 工厂交货DDP: Delivered Duty paid 完税后交货5 What were eliminated? What were added to Incoterms 2010?added ：DAT，DAP eliminated：DAF、DES、DEQ，DDU6 What is the function of trade terms?Facilitate and promote the conclusion of transaction交易;avoid controversy; It is advantageous to discuss and make arrangements in business negotiation and works out the contract; Contribute to the development of international trade.节省交易磋商的时间和费用；简化交易磋商的内容和合同的内容；避免争议的发生；有助于国际贸易的开展。