高一上学期期末测试卷二
上海高一上学期期末英语综合巩固复习卷(二)(有答案)
上海高一上学期期末综合巩固复习卷（二）一、完形填空Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D．Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The sights, sounds, and smells of the modern marketplace are rarely accidental. More likely, they are tools of an evolving strategy of psychological marketing called “sensory marketing” to create an emotional association to a(n) 1 product or brand.By relating to people in a far more 2 way through everyone’s own senses, sensory marketing is able to affect people in a way that traditional mass marketing cannot.Traditional marketing believes that consumers will systematically consider 3 product factors like price, features, and utility. Sensory marketing, by contrast, seeks to resort to the consumer's life experiences and feelings. Sensory marketing believes that people, as consumers, will act according to their emotional urge more than to their 4 reasoning. In this way, an effective sensory marketing effort can result in consumers choosing to buy a lovely but expensive product, rather than a plain but cheap 5 .In the past, communications with customers were mainly monologues — companies just ‘talked at’ consumers. Then they evolved into dialogues, with customers providing 6 . Now they’re becoming multidimensional conversations, with products finding their own voices and consumers responding 7 to them.Based on the implied messages received through five senses, consumers, without noticing it, tend to apply human-like personalities to brands, leading to intimate relationship and, hopefully for the brands, persistent 8 . And that’s the very thing brands are dying to foster in customers rather than instant trend or profits. Most brands are considered to have either "sincere" or "exciting" personalities."Sincere" brands like IBM and Boeing tend to be regarded as conservative and reliable while "exciting" brands like Apple, and Ferrari are as imaginative and 9 . In general, consumers tend to form 10 relationships with sincere brands than with exciting ones. This explains the relatively enduring history of the “Sincere Brands”Certainly, with the eyes containing two-thirds of all the 11 cells in a person's body, sight is considered the most important of all human senses. Sensory marketing uses sight to create a memorable "sight experience" of the product for consumers which extends to packaging, store interiors, and printed advertising to form a(n) 12 image for the brand.In other words, no aspect of a product design is left to 13 anymore, especially color. Brand acceptance is linked closely with the appropriateness of the colors on the brand—does the color 14 the product at all? If not, customers, though not realizing it themselves, will 15 the brands in all possible ways sales, reputation, etc. Therefore, brands, isn’t it time now to study the new field of marketing?1．A．specific B．qualified C．average D．adequate 2．A．economic B．personal C．artificial D．mechanic 3．A．obvious B．potential C．accessible D．concrete 4．A．imaginable B．objective C．psychological D．gradual 5．A．alternative B．reward C．sample D．exhibit 6．A．compliment B．fund C．prospect D．feedback 7．A．temporarily B．subconsciously C．occasionally D．attentively 8．A．loyalty B．philosophy C．endurance D．regulation 9．A．mild B．daring C．steady D．classic 10．A．far-fetched B．hard-won C．long-lasting D．easy-going 11．A．individual B．sensory C．present D．general 12．A．overall B．ambitious C．dramatic D．additional 13．A．chance B．maintenance C．progress D．leadership 14．A．accept B．overlook C．fit D．treat 15．A．shape B．punish C．signify D．exploit二、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Discovering a Lost BrotherKieron Graham always knew he had an elder brother named Vincent. His adoption papers, 16．(sign) when he was three months old, listed a brother named Vincent but no last name. Though Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he could never track him down.That changed in December 2017, when Kieron’s adoptive parents gave him an DNA test as a Christmas gift. When his results came back, he was surprised 17．(find) he had a lot of DNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but one match was so strong that it 18．(label) “close family.” His name was Vincent Ghant. Kieron looked for him on Facebook and soon made a possible connection.When they connected, it was 19．they had known each other their whole lives. As they talked, the brothers realized they lived about 20 minutes from each other. 20．(surprisingly), they attended the same university and majored and minored in the same subjects.Vincent was nine when Kieron was born and remembers caring for his baby brother. But times were tough, and Shawn, who worked 15-plus hours a day as a nurse, decided that 21．(place) Kieron for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed.“She was very emotional about that time, to the point 22．it was hard for her to put into words anything about what happened,” Vincent says.Now the brothers had the chance to make up for lost time. They decided to meet at a local tea shop that week. One of Vincent’s concerns was that Kieron 23．hate his birth family for placing him for adoption. He was relieved Kieron didn’t, and 24．he’d grown up in a loving family. After that first meeting, the brothers played football together and celebrated Christmas with their families. “We’ll keep growing our relationship 25．it’s time to leave this planet,”says Vincent. That shouldn’t be hard. As Kieron says, “We’ve got years and years to catch up on.”Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Yes, Imposter Syndrome Is RealHave you ever felt like you don’t belong? Like your friends or colleagues are going to discover you’re a fraud, and you don’t actually deserve your accomplishments?If so, you’re in good company. These feelings are known as imposter syndrome, or what psychologists often call imposter phenomenon. An 26．(estimate) 70 percent of people -- even brilliant ones -- experience these imposter feelings at some point in their lives, according to an article published in the International Journal of Behavioral Science.Imposter Syndrome -- the idea that you’ve only succeeded owing to luck or good timing rather than your talent or qualifications -- 27．(identify) in 1978 by psychologists Pauline Rose Clance and Suzanne Imes. In their paper, they theorized that women were uniquely affected by the syndrome. Since then, research 28．(show) that both men and women experience imposter feelings. Today, imposter syndrome can apply to 29．who isn’t able to internalize and own their successes.Some experts believe 30．(experience ) impostor syndrome has to do with personality traits -- like anxiety or neuroticism. Others focus on family or behavioral causes. For instance, childhood memories, such as feeling that your grades were never good enough for your parents or that you siblings always did better than you in certain areas, can leave a lasting impact.External factors, such as environment and institutionalized discrimination, can also play a major role in 31．(arouse) imposter feelings. A sense of belonging builds up confidence. Conversely, the fewer people who look or sound like you, the 32．(confident) you feel. This is especially true when you belong to a group for whom there are stereotypes about competence, including women in STEM fields or international students at American universities.There are a number of actions that can significantly help you overcome imposter syndrome: You 33．share your feelings with trusted friends or mentors; you can write down lists of your achievements, skills and successes 34．(demonstrate)_ to yourself that you have concrete value to share with the world; or you can request ongoing feedback that helps to prove the effort you put into your work. But in the end, 35．you are still unable to get rid of these negative feelings, it is important that you seek out a professional psychologist.Most people experience moments of doubt, and that’s normal. The important part is not to let that doubt control your actions. You can still have an impostor moment, but not an impostor life.三、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A．imbalance B．cultivating C．motivation D．criticize E. quality F. fullyG. definite H. significantly I. genetic J. lacked K. strengthenSome personal characteristics play a vital role in the development of one’s intelligence. After a 30-year follow-up study of 8, 000 males, American psychologists found out that the main cause of disparities in intelligence is not intelligence itself, but non-intelligence factors. The so-called “non-intelligence factors” include one’s feelings, will, 36．, interests and habits.Though people all know that one should have 37．objectives, a strong will and good learning habits, quite a number of teachers and parents don’t pay much attention to 38．these factors.Some parents are greatly worried when their children fail to do well in their studies. Theyblame either 39．factors, malnutrition, or laziness, but they never take into consideration these non-intelligence factors. At the same time, some teachers don’t inquire into these as reasons why students do poorly. They simply give them more courses and exercises, or even 40．or laugh at them. After all, these students lose self-confidence. Some of them just feel defeated and give themselves up as hopeless. Others may go astray because they are sick of learning. An investigation of more than 1，000 middle school students in Shanghai showed that 46. 5 percent of them were afraid of learning because of examination and 36. 4 percent 41．persistence, initiative and conscientiousness.It is clear that the lack of cultivation of non-intelligence factors has been a main obstacle to intelligence development in teenagers. It even causes a(n) 42．between physiological and psychological development among a few students.If we don't start now to 43．the cultivation of non-intelligence factors, it will not only obstruct the development of the intelligence of teenagers, but also affect the 44．of a whole generation. Some experts have put forward suggestions about how to cultivate students’non-intelligence factors.First, parents and teachers should 45．understand teenage psychology. On this basic, they can help them to pursue the objectives of learning, exciting their interests and toughening their willpower.Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A Peking Opera Legend That Redefined Female RolesWhen it comes to Peking Opera, a few key things come to mind for most Chinese: its quintessential connection to the history and traditions of China; the richness of its dazzling costumes with their 46．colors and patterns; and the bold work of its facial make-up. Somemay even be able to hum a few lines or talk about their favorite artists, but for the vast majority of people, traditional Chinese opera remains a classic art form that is far 47．from everyday life.However, only a century ago, Peking Opera was no less 48．to the regular populace than is today’s pop music. The performers were admired by a large number of fans who were willing to spend a fortune on a ticket to their performances. Throughout the history of Peking Opera, there have 49．many renowned masters of the form. But MeiLanfang (1894 - 1961) was arguable the most outstanding figure of this craft, who was famous for his portrayal of the female lead roles (dan)50．as one of the “four famed dan,” Mei was so much more than even this. He brought forth a number of new ideas to several aspects of Peking Opera: make-up (he was the first to war lipstick), music (his productions first 51．the erhu in shows), choreography(编舞艺术)(his iconic sword dance in Farewell My Concubine《霸王别姬》) and, most importantly characterization.At a time when actual women were banned from performing, Mei 52．the dan to starring roles. He combined elements of the qingyi (elegant lady), huadan (young woman) and daomadan (female warrior) into a new huashan character that excelled in singing, dancing and martial arts. The techniques he introduced led to the development of the “Mei School”, which was considered one of the three major dramatic performing art systems in the world at the time.“My father broke the 53．between almost all the different types of female role,” Mei Baojiu, the youngest child of Mei Lanfang who followed his father into dan acting, was quoted as saying.Thanks to Mei’s 54．innovations, even those who know little about traditional Chinese opera can easily see the beauty of the art form the moment performers take the stage. “His make-up, the overlay of carmines(胭脂红) and darker tones, is the most beautiful I have ever seen in a theater,” wrote U.S. playwright Stark Young after watching Mei Lanfang’s performance in New York in 1930.But the true beauty of Peking Opera is not solely about visual aesthetics. “For veteran artists, even their performances without make-up can be just as 55．as full-on stageperformances,” Mei wrote in his 1958 memoir, Forty Years of Life on the stage. Just as Peking Opera has become an icon of Chinese culture, Mei has come to be acknowledge on the grand stage of the world as its quintessential performer.四、阅读选择You can’t make a call or send a text on your mobile phone in the US town of Green Bank, West Virginia. Wireless Internet is outlawed, as is Bluetooth. As you approach the tiny town on a two-lane road that snakes through the mountains, your mobile phone signal drops out, and your radio stops working. The rusted pay phone on the north side of town is the only way for a visitor to reach the rest of the world. It’s a pre-modern place by design, lacking of the latest technologies that define life today.The reason for the town’s empty airwaves is apparent the moment you arrive. It’s the Robert C．Byrd telescope, also known as the GBT, a shiny white, 147-metre-tall satellite dish. It’s the largest of its kind in the world and one of nine in Green Bank, all of them government owned and operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO).You don’t look through these kinds of telescopes. They’re radio telescopes, so instead of looking for distant stars, they listen for them. There’s a long line of astronomers all over the world who want to use the telescope which is so sensitive that it could hear a single snowflake hitting the ground 1,000 miles away.Such a sensitive listening tool needs total technological silence to operate, so in 1958 the US government created a National Radio Quiet Zone, a 33,000 km2 area covering Green Bank where, to this day, electronic and radio signals are forbidden every hour of every day.People who live within a 15km of the Green Bank telescope are allowed to use landline telephones, wired Internet and cable televisions, but microwave ovens, wireless Internet and radios are forbidden. You can have a mobile phone, but you won’t get a signal.Because of how much its way of life varies from the rest of America, Green Bank seems to be a somewhat isolated (隔绝), even alien place. For locals, the technology ban is annoying.For others who come to Green Bank for a little rest and relaxation, the town has become a refuge.56．What do we know about the town of Green Bank from Paragraph 1?A．It’s located at the base of a large mountain.B．It is geographically and technologically isolated.C．Its telecommunications are affected by its geography.D．Many people live in the town and its surrounding areas.57．How does the GBT work?A．It traps light waves in its huge dish.B．It stops all electronic and radio signals.C．It receives pictures from space satellites.D．It listens for and receives noises from space.58．What equipment are locals of the Green Bank allowed to use?A．Cable TV, wired Internet and radio.B．Landline phones, wired Internet and cable TV.C．Public phones, wireless Internet and mobile phones.D．Landline phones, microwave ovens and cable internet.59．What does the underlined word “refuge” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A．A place of escape.B．A source of confusion.C．An area of interest.D．A sign of danger.There are two basic modes of judgment: criticism and praise. The former consists of identifying a subject’s flaws; the latter of noting its worthwhile qualities.Often, the greater intellectual challenge — as a reader, as a viewer, and as a manager — is to recognize when something is truly great.“Managers in particular seem to have a hard time with this” said Adam Grant, the author of Originals: How Nonconformists Move the World, in a lecture at the Aspen Ideas Festival. Grant points to the work of his former student Justin M. Berg, who is now a professor of organizational behavior at Stanford University. While at college, Berg studied circus performers who were trying to make their circus world-famous. Berg asked the performers to submit videos of their works and then asked the artists themselves, circus managers, and regular audience members to evaluate them. He wanted to know, between the performers and the managers, who could predict which acts would most resonate (共鸣) with the audience members.What Berg found is that the artists themselves were terrible judges of their own works. “On average,” Grant explained, “when they looked at 10 videos, they ranked their own videos two spots too high.” The reason, he said, is that “they’ve fallen in love with their own work.” The circus managers, however, are too negative about these works,” Grant said, “and they commit a ton of false negatives, rejecting really promising ideas.”So why is this? Why do managers tend to find flaws, not reasons for praise? To answer that, Grant turns to the example of Seinfeld, an American sitcom (情景喜剧), which was rejected by director after director at NBC．Grant said, “You know, I realize that this show makes no sense and it’s really about nothing, and you can’t identify with any one of the characters. But it made me laugh and that’s what a sitcom is supposed to do.” The managers, by contrast, were too focused on whether Seinfeld looked like what had succeeded in the past to recognize its novel brilliancy. Years of experience had trained them to believe that a certain type of show would be successful, and prejudiced them against something that broke that mold.But Grant says it wasn’t just experience that prevented those managers from appreciating Seinfeld. It was also that they had bad motivation. As he explained, “If you are a manager and commit a false positive, you are going to embarrass yourself, and potentially ruin your career.” Managers, he says, are terrified of committing false positives, meaning saying something will be a hit.False negatives, by contrast, present little costs. “If you reject a great idea,” Grant said,“most of the time, no one will ever know.’’ Managers like to make safe bets and don’t mind the invisible losses.Berg’s work was again inspiring. Berg found that there was one group whose nature did line up well with what was actually be popular with audiences: other circus artists. “They were the best forecasters by far,” said Grant. “Unlike the artists themselves, the peers could take a step back” and see a work’s flaws. But, unlike managers, the peers “were also really invested in the creative process” which enabled them to recognize when something was novel and worth the risk.One conclusion from this would be to free managers from certain decision-making processes. But since that’s not typically possible, perhaps instead managers can be taught to think like peers, and Berg found that that can be done relatively easily. “All he did,” Grant explained, “was that he asked managers to spend five minutes brainstorming about their own ideas before they judged other people’s ideas.” “That”, Grant said, “was enough to open their minds. Because when they came in to select ideas, they were looking for reasons to say no. Get them into a brainstorming mindset first, and now they’re not thinking evaluatively but creatively.”60．What does the underlined word “flaws” in the first paragraph mean?A．Features.B．Dangers.C．Values.D．Faults.61．What can we learn about the works the circus performers submitted?A．The circus performers committed false negatives towards them.B．They couldn’t resonate with the audience members.C．Both the circus performers and managers made prejudiced judgments about them. D．The circus performers held the same opinion as the circus managers did about them. 62．By mentioning the sitcom Seinfeld, Grant intends to tell us ________.A．why it has been popular among AmericansB．how an unknown play succeeded in the endC．why managers tend to criticize rather than praise D．how false positives make managers overlook its brilliance 63．Compared to false positives, false negatives ________. A．can’t make more invisible lossesB．are more acceptable among managersC．can potentially ruin managers’ careersD．can make managers feel more embarrassed 64．According to Berg, managers are advised ________. A．to think both evaluatively and creatively in judging an idea B．to spend five minutes brainstorming before judging an idea C．not to participate in certain decision-making processes D．to reject any ideas that are not worthwhile65．Which would be the best title for the passage?A．The art of recognizing good ideasB．The key factors in decision-makingC．The influence of false negativesD．The two basic modes of judgment五、概要写作66．Summary WritingWhen you hear the final whistleOne of the hardest things for any sportsperson to do is to know when to retire. But even harder is finding the answer to the question “What am I going to do with the rest of my life?”Some sportspeople go on playing too long. Perhaps they just can’t stand life without the “high” of playing professional sport. Michael Jordan, the greatest basketball player of all time retired three times. He retired once from the Chicago Bulls, made a successful comeback with the Bulls, then retired again. His second comeback with an inferior team ended in failure and he retired forever at the age of 38. Jordan said, “There will never be anything I do that will fulfill me as much as competing did.”Others can’t resist the chance of one last “pay day”. Muhammad Ali needed the money, but his comeback fight, at the age of 39, against Trevor Berbick, was one of the saddest spectacles in modern sport. After losing to Berbick, Ali retired permanently. Three years later he developed Parkinson’s disease.For some people, the pain of retirement never leaves them. As Jimmy Greaves, anex-England international footballer said, “I think that a lot of players would prefer to be shot once their career is over.” Many of them spend their retirement in a continual battle against depression, alcohol, or drugs.But for the lucky few, retirement can mean a successful new career. Franz Beckenbauer is a classical example of a footballer who won everything with his club, Bayern Muaich. After retiring he became a successful coach with Bayern and finally president of the club. John McEnroe, the infamous “bad boy” of tennis, is now a highly respected and highly paid TV commentator. But sadly, for most sportspeople these cases are the exceptions.六、汉译英翻译句子67．北京以它的悠久历史而闻名。
高一上数学期末必修一二考试卷(含答案)
人教高一上数学必修一二期末综合测试一、选择题(每小题5分，共60分)1、点P 在直线a 上，直线a 在平面α内可记为( )A 、P ∈a ，a ⊂αB 、P ⊂a ，a ⊂αC 、P ⊂a ，a ∈αD 、P ∈a ，a ∈α 2、直线l 是平面α外的一条直线，下列条件中可推出l ∥α的是( ) A 、l 与α内的一条直线不相交 B 、l 与α内的两条直线不相交C 、l 与α内的多数条直线不相交D 、l 与α内的随意一条直线不相交 3x+y+1=0的倾斜角为 ( )A ．50ºB ．120ºC ．60ºD ． －60º4、在空间中，l ，m ，n ，a ，b 表示直线，α表示平面，则下列命题正确的是( ) A 、若l ∥α，m ⊥l ，则m ⊥α B 、若l ⊥m ，m ⊥n ，则m ∥nC 、若a ⊥α，a ⊥b ，则b ∥αD 、若l ⊥α，l ∥a ，则a ⊥α 5、函数y=log 2(x 2-2x-3)的递增区间是( )（A ）(-∞,-1) （B ）(-∞,1) （C ）(1,+∞) （D ）(3,+∞)6．设函数11232221,,log ,333a b c ⎛⎫⎛⎫=== ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭则,,a b c 的大小关系是( ) A. a b c << B. a c b << C. c a b << D. c b a << 7、假如0<ac 且0<bc ，则直线0=++c by ax 不通过（ ）A 第一象限B 其次象限C 第三象限D 第四象限 8,A. 体重随年龄的增长而增加B. 25岁之后体重不变C. 体重增加最快的是15岁至25岁D.体重增加最快的是15岁之前9,计算2)2lg 20(lg 2021lg 356lg 700lg -+--A. 20B. 22C. 2D. 1810、经过点A （1，2），且在两坐标轴上的截距相等的直线共有（ ） A 1条 B 2条 C 3条 D 4条 11、已知A （2，)3-，B （2,3--），直线l 过定点P （1， 1），且与线段AB 交，年龄/岁5015044565则直线l 的斜率k 的取值范围是（ ）A 434≤≤-k B 443≤≤k C 21≠k D 4-≤k 或43≥k 12、A,B,C,D 四点不共面，且A,B,C,D 到平面α的距离相等，则这样的平面( ) A 、1个 B 、4个 C 、7个 D 、多数个 二、填空题(每小题5分，共20分)13、在空间四边形ABCD 中，E ，H 分别是AB ，AD 的中点，F ，G 为CB ，CD 上的点，且CF ∶CB=CG ∶CD=2∶3，若BD=6cm ，梯形EFGH 的面积 28cm 2，则EH 与FG 间的距离为 。
新课标人教版高一数学上学期期末试卷及答案2
上学期期末考试高一英语试题第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the woman have for lunch?A. French fries.B. Some soup.C. A cheese sandwich.2. When is the man’s flight leaving?A. At 9:15.B. At 10:15.C. At 10:50.3. Where did the conversation take place?A. At a department store.B. At a dry-cleaning shop.C. At a dress-making shop.4. Why can’t the man give the woman a hand?A. He is too heavy to help her.B. He doesn’t know how to help her.C. He is too busy to help her.5. How does the man feel about his job?A. He enjoys it.B. He doesn’t like it at all.C. He wants to find a new job.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. How is the relationship between the woman and her parents?A. Good.B. Bad.C. Hard to say.7. How much pocket money does the woman get a week?A. Three pounds.B. Two pounds.C. Four pounds.8. How old might the woman be?A. 16.B.17.C.18.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
人教版2022--2023学年度第一学期高一化学期末测试卷及答案(含两套题)
…○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○…………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○………………… 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________人教版2022--2023学年度第一学期期末测试卷高一 化学（满分：100分 时间：90分钟）题号 一 二 总分 分数可能用到的相对原子质量：H1 C12 N14 O16 Na23 Al27 S32Cl35.5 K39 Ca40 Fe56 Cu64 第Ⅰ卷 (共50分)一、选择题（每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求，1—10题每题2分，11—20题每题3分，共50分）1．化学源自生活和生产实践，并随着人类社会的进步而不断发展。
化学史上每一次重大的发现都极大地推进了科学的发展，对于人类文明的进步发挥了巨大的推动作用。
下列对化学史的描述不正确的是（ ）A ．侯德榜联合制碱法中制得的碱是烧碱B ．门捷列夫发现了元素周期律C ．阿伏加德罗提出了分子学说D ．拉瓦锡提出了燃烧的氧化学说2．下雪时，常用融雪剂清理路面。
醋酸钾(CH 3COOK)是常用的融雪剂,但对道路、混凝土构件、桥梁设施等有害，对植物生长也有影响，目前正在研究环保高效的融雪剂。
下列关于CH 3COOK 的叙述正确的是（ ）A ．CH 3COOK 的相对分子质量为98 g∙m ol −1B ．CH 3COOK 的摩尔质量为98 gC ．1 mol CH 3COOK 含有1.806×1024个HD ．1 mol CH 3COOK 含有2 mol 氧3．学习和研究化学，经常要进行实验。
无论是在化学实验室还是在家中进行实验或探究活动，都要树立安全意识，形成良好的实验工作习惯。
人教版2022--2023学年度第一学期高一地理期末测试卷及答案(含两套题)
…○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○…………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○………………… 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________人教版2022--2023学年度第一学期期末测试卷高一 地理（满分：100分 时间：90分钟）题号 一 二 三 总分 分数一、单选题（本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共计40分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的）北京时间2021年8月11日（农历辛丑年七月初四），全国多地夜空上演“金星伴月”景观天象，明亮金星和弯弯的月牙闪耀在夜空，引路人驻足拍摄。
完成下面小题。
1．“金星伴月”的当晚，拍摄者会看到（ ） A ．月球亮面始终朝向东方 B ．金星距离地面高度不变 C ．月球亮面形状基本不变D ．金星和月亮全夜皆可见2．从该日起大约经过4天，在浙江可能看到的现象是（ ） A ．新月大潮 B ．上弦月小潮C ．满月大潮 D ．下弦月小潮鲎（h òu ）属于节肢动物，下图为目前发现的最古老的的始鲎类化石，距今约4.85亿年的奥陶纪早期。
完成下面小题。
3．鲎所代表的海上无脊椎动物繁盛的地质年代是（ ） A ．元古宙B ．古生代C ．中生代D ．新生代4．鲎与下列哪一物种类似（ ） A ．总鳍鱼B ．三叶虫C ．恐龙D ．大象太阳能充电宝，采用光伏板，实现充电速度快，折叠便携，深受旅行者青睐。
完成下面小题。
5．下列关于太阳辐射的叙述，正确的是（ ）A ．地球内部的能量来自太阳B ．太阳能的利用稳定性很高…○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○6．以下四个城市中，太阳能资源最贫乏的是（ ） A ．乌鲁木齐 B ．西宁C ．成都D ．呼和浩特2020年11月18日，新疆克拉玛依市（北纬44.16度，东经84.82度）发生3.3级地震，震源深度13千米。
吉林省长春市第二中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试生物试卷
高一年级第二次学程考试生物科试卷一．单项选择题（本题共30个小题，其中1-15小题每题1分，16-30小题每题2分，共45分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求，请将答案在智学网上提交。
）1.“野池水满连秋堤，菱花结实蒲叶齐。
川口雨晴风复止，蜻蜓上下鱼东西。
”以下与此相关的错误的是（）A.“野池”中最基本的生命系统是细胞B.“野池”里所有的鱼组成了一个种群C.鱼与蒲所具有的生命系统结构层次不完全相同D.“野池”是由池水等无机环境及菱、蒲、鱼等生物组成的生态系统2.如图分别表示形态、功能都不相同的三种生物。
组成它们细胞的统一性表现在（）A.都有细胞膜、细胞质、染色质，遗传物质都是DNAB.都有细胞壁、细胞膜、细胞质，遗传物质都是DNAC.都有细胞壁、细胞质、细胞核，遗传物质都是DNAD.都有细胞膜、细胞质、核糖体，遗传物质都是DNA3.如图为元素在生物体内的含量分布情况，下列叙述错误的是（）A．P、S、K、Ca、Zn属于大量元素B．I在非生物界中都能找到，体现了生物界与非生物界的统一性C．II和III为生物体的必需元素，一旦缺乏就可能会导致相应的病症D．II含量虽少，却是生物体正常生命活动不可缺少的4．下列有关细胞学说的叙述正确的是()A．德国科学家施莱登和施旺发现细胞并创立了细胞学说B．细胞学说认为一切生物都由细胞发育而来C．德国科学家魏尔肖的名言是“所有的细胞都来源于先前存在的细胞”D．细胞学说使人们对生命的认识由细胞水平进入分子水平5．下列关于生物实验的叙述错误的是()A.鸡蛋清含蛋白质多，可作为蛋白质鉴定的动物材料B.花生种子是否富含脂肪？可用苏丹III对其进行鉴定C.若要观察处于细胞分裂中期的染色体可用醋酸洋红液染色D.马铃薯块茎中含有较多的糖且近于白色，是还原糖鉴定的理想材料6．我国制定《中国遏制与预防艾滋病“十三五“行动计划》的目的是将我国艾滋病疫情继续控制在低流行水平。
下列有关该病毒的说法正确的是（）A.暴露于空气或皮肤表面的艾滋病病毒能增殖B.病毒是生命系统最基本的结构层次C.艾滋病病毒的繁殖需要宿主细胞为它提供氨基酸、核苷酸等物质D.艾滋病病毒内的核酸彻底水解可以得到8种有机物7.植物细胞中结合水与自由水的含量和比例常与植物的生长及抗逆性有密切的关系。
期末测试卷(二)-2020-2021学年高一数学必修第一册单元提优卷(人教A版(2019))(含答案)
2020-2021学年高一数学第一册单元提优卷（人教A 版（2019））期末测试卷（二）(满分：150分，测试时间：120分钟)一、单选题1．【2020年高考全国Ⅰ卷理数】设集合A ={x |x 2–4≤0}，B ={x |2x +a ≤0}，且A ∩B ={x |–2≤x ≤1}，则a =A ．–4B ．–2C ．2D ．42.【2020·广东省高三月考（文）】命题“10,ln 1x x x∀>≥-”的否定是A ．10ln 1x x x ∃≤≥-,B ．10ln 1x x x ∃≤<-,C ．10ln 1x x x∃>≥-,D ．10ln 1x x x∃><-,．3.【2020·北京市八一中学高三月考】函数()()213f x ax a x =---在区间[)1,-+∞上是增函数，则实数a 的取值范围是A ．1,3⎛⎤-∞ ⎥⎝⎦B ．(],0-∞C ．10,3⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦D ．10,3⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦4.【2020·福建省福州第一中学高三其他（理）】已知函数()f x 的定义域为[0，2]，则()()21f xg x x =-的定义域为A ．[)(]0,11,2B ．[)(]0,11,4C ．[)0,1D ．(]1,45.设函数要想得到函数sin21y x =+的图像，只需将函数cos2y x =的图象（）A ．向左平移4π个单位，再向上平移1个单位B ．向右平移4π个单位，再向上平移1个单位C ．向左平移2π个单位，再向下平移1个单位D ．向右平移2π个单位，再向上平移1个单位6.【2020·北京高三月考】已知函数()y f x =满足(1)2()f x f x +=，且(5)3(3)4f f =+，则(4)f =A ．16B ．8C ．4D ．27.已知3sin(3)cos()0πθπθ-++-=，则sin cos cos 2θθθ＝（）A ．3B ．﹣3C ．38D ．38-8.【2020·南昌市八一中学】已知函数sin (0)y ax b a =+>的图象如图所示，则函数log ()a y x b =-的图象可能A ．B ．C ．D ．9.【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】基本再生数R 0与世代间隔T 是新冠肺炎的流行病学基本参数.基本再生数指一个感染者传染的平均人数，世代间隔指相邻两代间传染所需的平均时间.在新冠肺炎疫情初始阶段，可以用指数模型：(e )rtI t =描述累计感染病例数I (t )随时间t (单位:天)的变化规律，指数增长率r 与R 0，T 近似满足R 0=1+rT .有学者基于已有数据估计出R 0=3.28，T =6.据此，在新冠肺炎疫情初始阶段，累计感染病例数增加1倍需要的时间约为(ln2≈0.69)A ．1.2天B ．1.8天C ．2.5天D ．3.5天10.【2020年高考北京】已知函数()21x f x x =--，则不等式()0f x >的解集是A ．(1,1)-B ．(,1)(1,)-∞-+∞C ．(0,1)D ．(,0)(1,)-∞⋃+∞11.【2020年高考全国Ⅱ卷理数】若2x −2y <3−x −3−y ，则A ．ln(y −x +1)>0B ．ln(y −x +1)<0C ．ln|x −y |>0D ．ln|x −y |<012.【2020年高考天津】已知函数3,0,(),0.x x f x x x ⎧≥=⎨-<⎩若函数2()()2()g x f x kx x k =--∈R 恰有4个零点，则k 的取值范围是A ．1(,))2-∞-+∞ B ．1(,)(0,2-∞-C ．(,0)-∞D ．(,0))-∞+∞ 二.填空题13.【2020年高考北京】函数1()ln 1f x x x =++的定义域是____________．14.【2020年高考江苏】已知2sin ()4απ+=23，则sin 2α的值是____________．15.【2020·江苏省高三月考】已知函数()2,0228,2x x x f x x x ⎧+<<=⎨-+≥⎩，若()()2f a f a =+，则1f a ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭的值是____________.16.【2020·六盘山高级中学高三其他（理）】设函数2()2cos ()sin(284f x x x ππ=+++，(0,3π)∈x 则下列判断正确的是____________.①．函数的一条对称轴为6x π=②．函数在区间5,24ππ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦内单调递增③．0(0,3π)x ∃∈，使0()1f x =-④．∃∈R a ，使得函数()y f x a =+在其定义域内为偶函数三．解答题17.（本题满分10分）已知0a >，0b >.（1）求证：()2232a b b a b +≥+；（2）若2a b ab +=，求ab 的最小值.18.（本题满分12分）已知集合，2|2162xA x ⎧⎫⎪⎪=<<⎨⎬⎪⎪⎩⎭，{|3221}B x a x a =-<<+.（1）当0a =时，求A B ；（2）若A B φ⋂=，求a 的取值范围.19.（本题满分12分）已知函数()21sin sin cos 2f x x x x =+-，x ∈R ．（1）求函数()f x 的最大值，并写出相应的x 的取值集合；（2）若()26f α=，3,88ππα⎛⎫∈-⎪⎝⎭，求sin 2α的值．20．（本题满分12分）已知函数()0.52log 2axf x x -=-为奇函数．(1)求常数a 的值；(2)若对任意10,63x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦都有()3f x t >-成立，求t 的取值范围.21（本题满分12分）【江苏省盐城市第一中学2020届高三下学期6月调研考试数学试题某乡镇响应“绿水青山就是金山银山”的号召，因地制宜的将该镇打造成“生态水果特色小镇”．经调研发现：某珍稀水果树的单株产量W （单位：千克）与施用肥料x （单位：千克）满足如下关系：()253,02()50,251x x W x x x x⎧+≤≤⎪=⎨<≤⎪+⎩，肥料成本投入为10x 元，其它成本投入（如培育管理、施肥等人工费）20x 元．已知这种水果的市场售价大约为15元／千克，且销路畅通供不应求．记该水果树的单株利润为()f x （单位：元）．（Ⅰ）求()f x 的函数关系式；（Ⅱ）当施用肥料为多少千克时，该水果树的单株利润最大?最大利润是多少?22．（本题满分12分）已知函数2()2sin cos 0)f x x x x ωωωω=+->的最小正周期为π.（1）求函数()f x 的单调增区间；（2）将函数()f x 的图象向左平移6π个单位，再向上平移1个单位，得到函数()y g x =的图象，若()y g x =在[0,](0)b b >上至少含有10个零点，求b 的最小值.2020-2021学年高一数学第一册单元提优卷期末测试卷（二）(满分：150分，测试时间：120分钟)一、单选题1．【2020年高考全国Ⅰ卷理数】设集合A ={x |x 2–4≤0}，B ={x |2x +a ≤0}，且A ∩B ={x |–2≤x ≤1}，则a =A ．–4B ．–2C ．2D ．4【答案】B求解二次不等式240x -≤可得{}2|2A x x -=≤≤，求解一次不等式20x a +≤可得|2a B x x ⎧⎫=≤-⎨⎩⎭.由于{}|21A B x x ⋂=-≤≤，故12a-=，解得2a =-.故选B ．2.【2020·广东省高三月考（文）】命题“10,ln 1x x x∀>≥-”的否定是A ．10ln 1x x x ∃≤≥-,B ．10ln 1x x x ∃≤<-,C ．10ln 1x x x ∃>≥-,D ．10ln 1x x x∃><-,【答案】D【解析】因为全称命题的否定是特称命题，所以命题“0x ∀>，1ln 1x x ≥-”的否定为“0x ∃>，1ln 1x x<-”.故选D ．3.【2020·北京市八一中学高三月考】函数()()213f x ax a x =---在区间[)1,-+∞上是增函数，则实数a 的取值范围是A ．1,3⎛⎤-∞ ⎥⎝⎦B ．(],0-∞C ．10,3⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦D ．10,3⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦【答案】D【解析】若0a =，则()3f x x =-，()f x 在区间[)1,-+∞上是增函数，符合.若0a ≠，因为()f x 在区间[)1,-+∞上是增函数，故0112a a a>⎧⎪-⎨≤-⎪⎩，解得103a <≤.综上，103a ≤≤.故选：D ．4.【2020·福建省福州第一中学高三其他（理）】已知函数()f x 的定义域为[0，2]，则()()21f xg x x =-的定义域为A ．[)(]0,11,2 B ．[)(]0,11,4 C ．[)0,1D ．(]1,4【答案】C【解析】函数()f x 的定义域是[0，2]，要使函数()()21f xg x x =-有意义,需使()2f x 有意义且10x -≠.所以10022x x -≠⎧⎨≤≤⎩,解得01x ≤<.故答案为C ．5.设函数要想得到函数sin21y x =+的图像，只需将函数cos2y x =的图象（）A ．向左平移4π个单位，再向上平移1个单位B ．向右平移4π个单位，再向上平移1个单位C ．向左平移2π个单位，再向下平移1个单位D ．向右平移2π个单位，再向上平移1个单位【答案】B【解析】cos 2sin(2)sin 2()24y x x x ππ==+=+，因此把函数cos 2y x =的图象向右平移4π个单位，再向上平移1个单位可得sin 21y x =+的图象，故选B6.【2020·北京高三月考】已知函数()y f x =满足(1)2()f x f x +=，且(5)3(3)4f f =+，则(4)f =A ．16B ．8C ．4D ．2【答案】B【解析】因为(1)2()f x f x +=,且(5)3(3)4f f =+,故()()324442f f =+,解得()48f =.故选：B7.已知3sin(3)cos()0πθπθ-++-=，则sin cos cos 2θθθ＝（）A ．3B ．﹣3C ．38D ．38-【答案】D 【解析】∵3sin(3)cos()0πθπθ-++-=，∴3sin cos 0θθ--=，即cos 3sin θθ=-，∴sin cos cos 2θθθ2222sin cos sin (3sin )3cos sin (3sin )sin 8θθθθθθθθ⋅-===----．故选：D ．8.【2020·南昌市八一中学】已知函数sin (0)y ax b a =+>的图象如图所示，则函数log ()a y x b =-的图象可能A ．B ．C ．D ．【答案】C【解析】由函数sin (0)y ax b a =+>的图象可得201,23b a πππ<<<<，213a ∴<<，故函数log ()a y xb =-是定义域内的减函数，且过定点(1,0)b +.结合所给的图像可知只有C 选项符合题意.故选：C ．9.【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】基本再生数R 0与世代间隔T 是新冠肺炎的流行病学基本参数.基本再生数指一个感染者传染的平均人数，世代间隔指相邻两代间传染所需的平均时间.在新冠肺炎疫情初始阶段，可以用指数模型：(e )rt I t =描述累计感染病例数I (t )随时间t (单位:天)的变化规律，指数增长率r 与R 0，T 近似满足R 0=1+rT .有学者基于已有数据估计出R 0=3.28，T =6.据此，在新冠肺炎疫情初始阶段，累计感染病例数增加1倍需要的时间约为(ln2≈0.69)A ．1.2天B ．1.8天C ．2.5天D ．3.5天【答案】B【解析】因为0 3.28R =，6T =，01R rT =+，所以 3.2810.386r -==，所以()0.38rt t I t e e ==，设在新冠肺炎疫情初始阶段，累计感染病例数增加1倍需要的时间为1t 天，则10.38()0.382t t t e e +=，所以10.382t e =，所以10.38ln 2t =，所以1ln 20.691.80.380.38t =≈≈天.故选：B ．10.【2020年高考北京】已知函数()21x f x x =--，则不等式()0f x >的解集是A ．(1,1)-B ．(,1)(1,)-∞-+∞C ．(0,1)D ．(,0)(1,)-∞⋃+∞【解析】因为()21xf x x =--，所以()0f x >等价于21x x >+，在同一直角坐标系中作出2x y =和1y x =+的图象如图：两函数图象的交点坐标为(0,1),(1,2)，不等式21x x >+的解为0x <或1x >.所以不等式()0f x >的解集为：()(),01,-∞⋃+∞.故选：D ．11.【2020年高考全国Ⅱ卷理数】若2x −2y <3−x −3−y ，则A ．ln(y −x +1)>0B ．ln(y −x +1)<0C ．ln|x −y |>0D ．ln|x −y |<0【答案】A【解析】由2233x y x y ---<-得：2323x x y y ---<-，令()23ttf t -=-，2x y = 为R 上的增函数，3x y -=为R 上的减函数，()f t ∴为R 上的增函数，x y ∴<，0y x ->Q ，11y x ∴-+>，()ln 10y x ∴-+>，则A 正确，B 错误；x y -Q 与1的大小不确定，故CD 无法确定.12.【2020年高考天津】已知函数3,0,(),0.x x f x x x ⎧≥=⎨-<⎩若函数2()()2()g x f x kx x k =--∈R 恰有4个零点，则k 的取值范围是A ．1(,))2-∞-+∞ B ．1(,(0,2-∞-C ．(,0)-∞D ．(,0))-∞+∞ 【答案】D【解析】注意到(0)0g =，所以要使()g x 恰有4个零点，只需方程()|2|||f x kx x -=恰有3个实根即可，令()h x =()||f x x ，即|2|y kx =-与()()||f x h x x =的图象有3个不同交点.因为2,0()()1,0x x f x h x x x ⎧>==⎨<⎩，当0k =时，此时2y =，如图1，2y =与()()||f x h x x =有2个不同交点，不满足题意；当k 0<时，如图2，此时|2|y kx =-与()()||f x h x x =恒有3个不同交点，满足题意；当0k >时，如图3，当2y kx =-与2y x =相切时，联立方程得220x kx -+=，令0∆=得280k -=，解得k =k >.综上，k 的取值范围为(,0))-∞+∞ .故选：D ．二.填空题13.【2020年高考北京】函数1()ln 1f x x x =++的定义域是____________．【答案】(0,)+∞【解析】由题意得010x x >⎧⎨+≠⎩，0x ∴>故答案为：(0,)+∞14.【2020年高考江苏】已知2sin ()4απ+=23，则sin 2α的值是____________．【答案】13【解析】22221sin ()(cos sin )(1sin 2)4222παααα+=+=+Q 121(1sin 2)sin 2233αα∴+=∴=故答案为：1315.【2020·江苏省高三月考】已知函数()2,0228,2x x x f x x x ⎧+<<=⎨-+≥⎩，若()()2f a f a =+，则1f a ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭的值是____________.【答案】2【解析】由2x ≥时，()28f x x =-+是减函数可知，当2a ≥，则()()2f a f a ≠+，所以02a <<，由()(+2)f a f a =得22(2)8a a a +=-++，解得1a =，则21(1)112f f a ⎛⎫==+= ⎪⎝⎭.故答案为：2.16.【2020·六盘山高级中学高三其他（理）】设函数2()2cos ()sin(2)84f x x x ππ=+++，(0,3π)∈x 则下列判断正确的是_____.①．函数的一条对称轴为6x π=②．函数在区间5,24ππ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦内单调递增③．0(0,3π)x ∃∈，使0()1f x =-④．∃∈R a ，使得函数()y f x a =+在其定义域内为偶函数【答案】④【解析】函数()1cos 2sin 21244f x x x x ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫=++++=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，当(0,3π)∈x 时，当6x π=时，23x π=不能使函数取得最值，所以不是函数的对称轴，①错；当5,24x π⎡⎤∈π⎢⎥⎣⎦时，52,2x ⎡⎤∈ππ⎢⎥⎣⎦，函数先增后减，②不正确；若()1f x =-，那么cos 2x =不成立，所以③错；当3 2a =π时，()12f x a x +=函数是偶函数，④正确，三．解答题17.（本题满分10分）已知0a >，0b >.（1）求证：()2232a b b a b +≥+；（2）若2a b ab +=，求ab 的最小值.【答案】（1）证明见解析；（2）1.【解析】证明：（1）∵()()222223220a b b a b a ab b a b +-+=-+=-≥，∴()2232a b b a b +≥+.（2）∵0a >，0b >，∴2ab a b =+≥2ab ≥1≥，∴1≥ab .当且仅当1a b ==时取等号，此时ab 取最小值1.18.（本题满分12分）已知集合，|2162x A x ⎧⎫⎪⎪=<<⎨⎬⎪⎪⎩⎭，{|3221}B x a x a =-<<+.（1）当0a =时，求A B ；（2）若A B φ⋂=，求a 的取值范围.【答案】（1）1|12A B x x ⎧⎫⋂=-<<⎨⎬⎩⎭；（2）3,[2,)4⎛⎤-∞-⋃+∞ ⎥⎝⎦.【解析】（1）1|42A x x ⎧⎫=-<<⎨⎬⎩⎭，0a =时，{|21}B x x =-<<，∴1|12A B x x ⎧⎫⋂=-<<⎨⎬⎩⎭（2）∵A B φ⋂=，∴当B φ=时，3221a a -≥+，即3a ≥，符合题意；当B φ≠时，31213242a a a <⎧⎪⎨+≤--≥⎪⎩或，解得34a ≤-或23a ≤<，综上，a 的取值范围为3,[2,)4⎛⎤-∞-⋃+∞ ⎥⎝⎦.19.（本题满分12分）已知函数()21sin sin cos 2f x x x x =+-，x ∈R ．（1）求函数()f x 的最大值，并写出相应的x 的取值集合；（2）若()26f α=，3,88ππα⎛⎫∈- ⎪⎝⎭，求sin 2α的值．【答案】（1）()f x 的最大值为22，此时x 的取值集合为3,8x x k k Z ππ⎧⎫=+∈⎨⎬⎩⎭；（2）4sin 26α=.【解析】（1）因为()()211cos 2111sin sin cos sin 2sin 2cos 222222x f x x x x x x x -=+-=+-=-22sin 2cos cos 2sin sin 224424x x x πππ⎛⎫⎛⎫=-=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，当()2242x k k Z πππ-=+∈，即()38x k k Z ππ=+∈时，函数()y f x =取最大值2，所以函数()y f x =的最大值为22，此时x 的取值集合为3,8x x k k Z ππ⎧⎫=+∈⎨⎬⎩⎭；（2）因为()26f α=，则sin 2246πα⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭，即1sin 243πα⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭，因为3,88ππα⎛⎫∈- ⎪⎝⎭，所以2,422πππα⎛⎫-∈- ⎪⎝⎭，则cos 243πα⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭，所以sin 2sin 2sin 2cos cos 2sin 444444ππππππαααα⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+=-+- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦1432326+=+⋅=.20．（本题满分12分）已知函数()0.52log 2ax f x x -=-为奇函数．(1)求常数a 的值；(2)若对任意10,63x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦都有()3f x t >-成立，求t 的取值范围.【答案】(1)1a =-；(2)(),1-∞【解析】(1)因为函数()0.52log 2ax f x x -=-为奇函数，所以()()220.50.50.52224log log log 0224ax ax a x f x f x x x x-+-+-=+==----，所以222414a x x-=-，即21a =，1a =或1-，当1a =时，函数()0.50.52log log 12x f x x -==--，无意义，舍去，当1a =-时，函数()0.52log 2x f x x +=-定义域（-∞，-2）∪（2，+∞），满足题意，综上所述，1a =-。
人教版2022--2023学年度第一学期高一地理期末测试卷及答案(含两套题)
…○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○…………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○………………… 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________人教版2022--2023学年度第一学期期末测试卷高一 地理（满分：100分 时间：90分钟）题号 一 二 总分 分数一、单选题（本大题共36小题，每小题2分，共计72分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的）2021年12月4日，一场精彩的“天象之王”——日全食现象在南半球震撼登场，我国天文爱好者借助互联网了解到此次盛况。
下图为日食照片以及日食时日地月三者位置关系示意图。
据此完成下面小题。
1．图中显示的天体系统级别有（ ） A ．一级B ．两级C ．三级D ．四级2．图a 中，未被遮住的太阳大气层活动时产生的影响是（ ） A 影响我国南方地区的交通运输B.影响我国北方地区的有线网络通讯 C ．轮船航行过程中指南针突然失灵 D ．流星现象突然异常增多印尼当地时间2021年12月4日，位于爪哇岛东部的塞梅鲁火山猛烈喷发，火山灰烟尘迅速上升到1.2万米的高空，烟尘到处弥漫，火山附近白天瞬间变成黑夜。
左图为地球圈层结构示意图，右图为塞梅鲁火山喷发照片。
据此完成下面小题。
3．火山灰来自地球内部圈层的（ ）…○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○4．左图中表示岩石圈的是（ ） A ．②B ．③C ．②和③D ．③和④5．按照自然灾害的成因与发生，火山喷发属于（ ） A ．气象灾害 B ．生物灾害 C ．海洋灾害 D ．地质灾害“海绵城市”是指城市中的绿地、公园、湿地等能够像海绵一样，下雨时“蓄水”，需要时“放水”。
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父亲说:“他们一直聊得很欢，我简直没有办法插进话去。”
我再问:“吃完饭，您可以单独向他提出呀?”
父亲说:“饭局一散，我发现他们都忙极了，各人都有自己的下一站。我实际上也没有办法找到一个单独的机会，人们都纷纷礼貌地，甚至可以说是带有爱怜之情地跟我握手告别。”
2、下列表述，符合原文意思的一项是（）
A.如今，乘豪华游船在海上旅游度假的人越来越多，它虽然为海上旅游市场带来了巨大的营业额，但也给其航行海域造成了巨大的环境负担。
B.灯塔基金会的一份研究报告声称，目前船只排放的废水中有75%来自豪华游船，因为它在为期一周的旅行中会产生几百万升的非饮用水。
C.为了降低对正在孵卵或哺乳的极地动物的影响，凡是驶入斯瓦尔巴群岛的豪华渡船都必须事先报告旅游路线，游泳者也要支付上岸休假费。
海上旅游威胁海洋生态
如今，乘豪华游船在海上旅游度假的人越来越多，海上旅游市场的营业额也与日俱增。德国旅游协会预计，今后全世界海上旅游度假的人数还将成倍增加。
游客在海上不会看到太多东西，但大海及动植物非常痛苦地承受了游客的到来和他们的遗留物。灯塔基金会的一份研究报告称，豪华游船对其航行海域造成巨大负担，因为它在为期一周的旅行中产生数十吨垃圾和几百万升非饮用水。
A.①④⑤B.②③⑥C.①②④D.③④⑤
6.下列对原文的有关内容的分析和概括，不正确的一项是（3分）( )
A.本文是一篇寓言小品，赋予驴以正面的形象特点，它敢于陈情衙府，分析祸福，因古证今，直斥奸佞，成为正直敢言、有胆有识的人的象征。
B.驴“乘负驾驭”，劳辱终生，这使人联想到像牲口一样终年辛苦的农夫，但它远非任人宰割之辈，驴的形象本身包含着作者为受欺者鸣不平、激愤于世道昏暗的战斗意志。
乘豪华游船旅游亦对旅游目的区的可持续发展前景产生不利影响。
德国新建的“汉萨考察船”是为培训未来的军官、船上机械师、航海者和个人考察旅行设计的。“汉萨考察船”已在几天前出海，从库克斯港出发，沿法国、西班牙和葡萄牙的海岸航行。明年5月，它将动身去挪威，然后从挪威继续向北极海域航行。2008年，它将向南穿越大西洋，最后到达南极。但北极熊和南极企鹅也许不欢迎船上的客人。
C.民自罹之，吾何预焉预：预备
D.求之不得，无所归咎咎：罪过
5.下列语句编为四组，全部直接表现驴的反抗精神的一组是（3分）( )
①云方兴，驴辄仰号之，云辄散不留②劳辱以终，吾分然也
③孰诬我者，而帅从之④救旱之术多矣，盍亦求诸是类乎
⑤滥杀不仁，轻信不智，不仁不智，帅胡取焉？
⑥未几而雨，则弥月不解，潦溢伤禾，岁卒以空
三．文学类文本阅读（25分）
11．阅读下面文章，完成（1）～（4）题。
免费的午餐
刘心武
父亲在世时，曾向我讲述过他年轻时所获得过的一次免费午餐。
那是20世纪20年代初，父亲才十七八岁，因为祖父远行，而后祖母对他极为吝啬，所以他离开了家庭，一个人在社会上闯荡。那时他的维生手段之一，是代人投考名牌大学，他也实在是有应考的才能与气数，竟每回都能高中。但是他从那些私雇他冒考的少爷手里，每回也得不到几个钱，用不上多久便又一筹莫展。父亲本人何尝不想进入名牌大学，但纵使他让自己考取了头一名，也没钱缴纳学费。就算学校爱才如渴，准许他减免学费，他也无法应付食宿等方面的开支，而勤工俭学，路子也不是那么好找；惟一的办法，便是设法贷到一笔款，毕业后尽早归还。谁能贷给他款呢?想来想去，有这种实力并可能情愿的，应在祖父所交往的伯叔辈中。父亲在那一年的夏天为自己去应考，以优异成绩被协和医学院放榜录取，这令他万分兴奋，当一名救死扶伤的医生既是祖父对他的期望也是他自己的夙愿，于是筹措入学读书的费用便成了当务之急。他经过一番盘算，决定向自己的一位老友求助，该人当时在社会上已享有很大的名气，经济状况极佳，并且从小看着他长大。父亲找到了那位名人，住在一所很堂皇的四合院里。该人见了父亲，不待父亲发话，便感慨万端地说了很多同情的话。父亲听了非常感动，原来这位伯伯很了解情况，并关爱着自己，于是便倾诉起自己的具体窘境和祈盼来。名人没听完便有电话打来，一连接听打出了几个电话后，名人便蔼然可亲地对父亲说，中午有个饭局，无妨一同去，席间可以继续聊。
1、从原文看，下列不属于降低海上旅游对海洋生态威胁的措施的一项是（）
A.国际旅游业者协会分别为到南极和北极旅游的游船制订了相应的行为准则。
B.加拉帕戈斯群岛向游客收取昂贵的门票费，进入该岛的船只也要交纳费用。
C.德国的赫伯罗特船务有限公司已将轮船的水下油漆改用无三丁基锡的油漆。
D.有的国家早已开始对大量倾倒到海洋的工业垃圾和生活垃圾进行分类处理。
D.虽然有些机构对海上旅游制订了相关的行为规则，但违规行为仍时有发生，如加勒比海仅从1993年至1998年就发生上百起海洋污染事件。
3、依据原文的信息，下列推断正确的一项是（）
A.目前日益盛行的极地旅行不仅会惊扰正在孵卵或哺乳的动物，而且还影响到其后代的生存。
B.自然保护主义者只要能舍弃旅游带来的赞助，就一定能使动物免遭海上旅游造成的明显伤害。
我还问:“那么，您可以再到他家里找他呀?”
父亲说:“也曾有过那样的念头，不过，没有去。”
我说:“是因为觉得他太虚伪了吧?”
父亲正色道:“不!怎么能怪人家虚伪呢?那顿午餐，人家让我一起去，是出于真心真意的!”
我说:“可是，他到头来没有借给您钱呀!”
父亲说:“这就是我讲这件事给你听，要你悟出来的:别人不该你不欠你!在你一生中，你应该尽量去帮助别人，可是却一定不要有依赖别人的想法!别人可能会向你提供一顿免费午餐，但你自己一生的餐饭事业，还是需要你自己去挣出来!”
2010—2011年第二学期期中考试
高一语文
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(阅读题)和第II卷(表达题)两部分。其中第Ⅰ卷第三、四大题为选考题，其它题为必考题。第Ⅰ卷1至8页。第II卷9至10页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷阅读题
甲必考题
一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）
阅读下面文字，完成1～3题。
7.把第Ⅰ卷文言文材料中划横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）
（1）一人臆倡，众万以附。帅闻，以为然，命亟取，将焚之。
答：
（2）杀我而有利于人，吾何爱一死？如其未也，焉用为是以益恶？
答：
（二）古代诗歌阅读（11分）
阅读下面这首唐诗，完成8～9题。
昭君怨南宋•郑域
道是春来花未，道是雪来香异。竹外一枝斜，野人家。
C.乘豪华游船旅游不仅对航行海域造成巨大负担，而且还会影响旅游目的区的可持续发展前景。
D“汉萨考察船”如果采用无三丁基锡的油漆，船上的客人就会受到北极熊和南极企鹅的欢迎。
二、古代诗文阅读（36分）
（一）文言文阅读（19分）
阅读下面的文言文，完成4～7题
焚驴志【金】王若虚
岁己未，河朔大旱，远迩焦然无主赖。镇阳帅自言忧农，督下祈雨甚急。厌禳①小数，靡不为之，竟无验。既久，怪诬之说兴。适民家有产白驴者，或指曰：“此旱之由也。云方兴，驴辄仰号之，云辄散不留。是物不死，旱胡得止？”一人臆倡，众万以附。帅闻，以为然，命亟取，将焚之。
冷落竹篱茅舍，富贵玉堂琼榭。两地不同栽，一般开。
8．本词上阕咏赞的是什么事物？是从哪几个方面来写的？（6分）
答：
9．这首词下阕，用了什么手法？表现了什么思想？（5分）
答：
10．补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分。（每空1分，共6分）
（1），更与何人说。（柳永《雨霖铃》
（2）故垒西边，人道是，。（苏轼《念奴娇赤壁怀古》
据估计，目前船只排放的废水中有75%来自豪华游船。更成问题的是，一些敏感海岸受到乘游船度假的人的巨大冲击。
豪华游船对北极和南极的动物栖息区产生的影响也使自然保护主义者陷入困境。旅游给他们带来赞助者，但也给动物造成明显伤害。极地海滩上的每个旅行团都会惊扰正在孵卵或哺乳的动物，并可能影响其后代的生存。
为了把这种影响降到最低限度，国际南极旅游业者协会为南极游制订了行为准则。北极游也有类似的行为准则，但这些准则很少被实施。世界自然基金会驻挪威的官员耶茨说：“如果法律草案获得通过，那么从明年起豪华游船驶入斯瓦尔巴群岛必须事先报告旅游路线，旅游者要支付上岸休假费。”加拉帕戈斯群岛已开始向游客收取昂贵的门票，进入该岛的船只也要交纳很高的费用。这样做至少使这个世界自然遗产承受的压力减轻了。
我正琢磨这话，父亲又说:“其实，后来我成家立业以后，也曾无意中这样对待过别人。我可以请他一餐饭，听他诉苦，给他些安慰。可是，要我付出相当的代价帮助他，往往还是下不了决心。也许，除非是你那时不帮他，他马上活不下去。人际之间，还是这样为好——可以给一顿免费午餐，却还是希望每个人自己想办法，去安身立命!”
油漆危害仍是一种威胁，但是各种宣传运动已使海运公司开始改变思想。德国的赫伯罗特船务有限公司在2005年已将轮船的水下油漆改用无三丁基锡的油漆。含锡的油漆在冰冻区会释放重金属，从而破坏许多动物的荷尔蒙平衡。船上的垃圾也早已开始分类。
从全球的角度看，仍然有不少违规行为。灯塔基金会的研究报告指出，从1993年至1998年，仅在加勒比海就发生上百起有据可查的海洋污染事件。
（1）下列对小说有关内容的分析和概括，最恰当的两项是（）（5分）
A．祖父的朋友表达了对父亲的理解，又带父亲吃了一顿丰盛的午餐，但最终也没有பைடு நூலகம்予父亲想要的帮助。父亲起初也有一些抱怨，但随着年龄的长大，渐渐悟出了其中的道理。
某谢而觉，请诸帅而释之。人情初不怿也。未几而雨，则弥月不解，潦溢伤禾，岁卒以空。人无复议驴。
【注】①厌禳(ráng)：祭祀鬼神以祈求消除灾祸。②暴巫投魃(bá)：暴，同“曝”，指令巫婆神汉在太阳地里祁雨，驱赶旱鬼。
4.对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是（3分）( )
A.远迩焦然无主赖迩：近
B.适民家有产白驴者适:正巧
（3），归去，也无风雨也无晴。（苏轼《定风波》