21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册ppt课件
21世纪大学英语读写教程4 unit1 课件ppt
Structure
You have a stomachache. It’s not that food was bad, it’s probably that you have too much stress from your work.
Structure
《读写教程 IV》: Ex. VIII, p. 12
Structure
2. Children have different performances at school. It’s not because they have different IQs, but because they are brought up in different environments.
Model:
For most of us, the reason does not lie in the fact that we don’t have the ability, but in the fact we don’t devote the time.
For most of us, it’s not that we don’t have the ability, it’s that we don’t devote the time.
Structure
Rewrite the following sentences, using the sentence pattern It’s not that…, it’s that…
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册 (1)
一种“永不屈服”的态度。
西蒙顿说，如果成就巨大者具有什么共性的话，那就是一种坚持不懈地追求成功的动力。
“往往有人认为他们具备一些超常非凡的东西，”他解释道。
“但研究表明，有些伟人并没有惊人的智力有的只是程度上的差异而已。
伟大是建立在大量的学习、实践和献身精神的基础之上的。
”A “never surrender ”attitude. If great achievers share anything, said Simonton, it is an unrelenting drive to succeed. There’s a tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal, he explained. But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes. It’s a difference in degree. Greatness is built upon tremendous amounts of study, practice and devotion.他举了二战时期的英国首相温斯顿丘吉尔作为永不放弃敢于冒险的典范。
丘吉尔在全国士气最为低落的时候被推上了台，并出色地领导了英国人民。
在“我们1940 年盟军敦刻尔克大撤退之后的一次演讲中，他的话激励了全国人民，决不会退缩、永不失败。
我们一定要坚持到底......我们永远不会屈服。
He cited Winston Churchill, Britain’s prime minister during World War 2, as an example of a risk-taker who would never give up. Thrust into office when his country's morale was at its lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people. In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940,he inspired the nation when he said, We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end... We shall never surrender.Unit 2有些人不愿表达感激之情，因为他们觉得这不会受欢迎。
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册全文Unit3
Unit 3Text APre-reading ActivitiesFirst ListeningBefore Listening to the tape, have a quick look at the following words. smallpox天花stuck被难住了cowpox牛痘lateral thinking横向思维vertical纵向的；垂直的Second ListeningListen to the tape again and then choose tne best answer to each of the following questions.1. How did Dr. Jenner solve the problem of smallpox?A) By studying many, many sick people.B) By studying people who didn't get sick.C) By studying lateral thinking.D) With help from Dr. de Bono.2. The key to lateral thinking is _________.A) never giving upB) getting help from othersC) moving sidewaysD) changing you point of view3. The saying, "When the going gets tough, the tough get going" expresses ________.A) the aggressive attitude of vertical thinkingB) traditionally western lateral thinkingC) a way to change your point of viewD) how Edward de Bono likes to solve problems4. The main purpose of this passage is ________.A) to discuss a major medical breakthroughB) to introduce a new concept of problem solvingC) to talk about the life of Edward de BonoD) to contrast Eastern and Western ways of thinkingHow to Change Your Point of ViewCaroline SeebohmDr. Edward Jenner was busy trying to solve the problem of smallpox. After studying case after case, he still found no possible cure. He had reached an impasse in his thinking. At this point, he changed his tactics. Instead of focusing on people who had smallpox, he switched his attention to people who did not have smallpox. It turned out that dairymaids apparently never got the disease. From the discovery that harmless cowpox gave protection against deadly smallpox came vaccination and the end of smallpox as a scourge in the western world.We often reach an impasse in our thinking. We are looking at a problem and trying to solve it and it seems there is a dead end. It is on these occasions that we become tense, we feel pressured, overwhelmed, in a state of stress. We struggle vainly, fighting to solve the problem.Dr. Jenner, however, did something about this situation. He stopped fighting the problem and simply changed his point of view—from his patients to dairy maids. Picture the process going something like this: Suppose the brain is a computer. This computer has absorbed into its memory bank all your history, your experiences, your training, your information received through life; and it is programmed according to all this data. To change your point of view, you must reprogramme your computer, thus freeing yourself to take in new ideas and develop new ways of looking at things. Dr. Jenner, in effect, by reprogramming his computer, erased the old way of looking at his smallpox problem and was free to receive new alternatives.That's all very well, you may say, but how do we actually do that?Doctor and philosopher Edward de Bono has come up with a technique for changing our point of view, and he calls it Lateral Thinking.The normal Western approach to a problem is to fight it. The saying, "When the going gets tough, the tough get going," is typical of this aggressive attitude toward problem-solving. No matter what the problem is, or the techniques available for solving it, the framework produced by our Western way of thinking is fight. Dr. de Bono calls this vertical thinking; the traditional, sequential, Aristotelian thinking of logic, moving firmly from one step to the next, like toy blocks being built one on top of the other. The flaw is, of course, that if at any point one of the steps is not reached, or one of the toy blocks is incorrectlyplaced, then the whole structure collapses. Impasse is reached, and frustration, tension, feelings of fight take over.Lateral thinking, Dr. de Bono says, is a new technique of thinking about things—a technique that avoids this fight altogether, and solves the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.In one of Sherlock Holmes's cases, his assistant, Dr. Watson, pointed out that a certain dog was of no importance to the case because it did not appear to have done anything. Sherlock Holmes took the opposite point of view and maintained that the fact the dog had done nothing was of the utmost significance, for it should have been expected to do something, and on this basic he solved the case.Lateral thinking sounds simple. And it is. Once you have solved a problem laterally, you wonder how you could ever have been hung up on it. The key is making that vital shift in emphasis, that sidestepping of the problem, instead of attacking it head-on.Dr. A. A. Bridger, psychiatrist at Columbia University and in private practice in New York, explains how lateral thinking works with his patients. "Many people come to me wanting to stop smoking, for instance," he says. "Most people fail when they are trying to stop smoking because they wind up telling themselves, 'No, I will not smoke; no, 1 shall not smoke; no, I will not; no, I cannot...' It's a fight and what happens is you end up smoking more.""So instead of looking at the problem from the old ways of no, and fighting it, I show them a whole new point of view—that you are your body's keeper, and your body is something through which you experience life. If you stop to think about it, there's really something helpless about your body. It can do nothing for itself. It has no choice, it is like a baby's body. You begin then a whole new way of looking at it—‘I am now going to take care of myself, and give myself some respect and protection, by not smoking.'“There is a Japanese parable about a donkey tied to a pole by a rope. The rope rubs tight against his neck. The more the donkey fights and pulls on the rope, the tighter and tighter it gets around his throat—until he winds up dead. On the other hand, as soon as he stops fighting, he finds that the rope gets slack, he can walk around, maybe find some grass to eat...That's the same principle: The more you fight something the more anxious you become—the more you're involved in a bad pattern, the more difficult it is to escape pain."Lateral thinking," Dr. Bridger goes on, "is simply approaching a problem with what I would call an Eastern flanking maneuver. You know, when a zen archerwants to hit the target with a bow and arrow, he doesn't concentrate on the target, he concentrates rather on what he has in his hands, so when he lets the arrow go, his focus is on the arrow, rather than the target. This is what an Eastern flanking maneuver implies—instead of approaching the target directly, you approach it from a sideways point of view—or laterally instead of vertically." "I think the answer lies in that direction," affirms Dr. Bridger. "Take the situation where someone is in a cris is. The Chinese word for crisis is divided into two characters, one meaning danger and the other meaning opportunity. We in the Western world focus only upon the ‘danger' aspect of crisis. Crisis in Western civilization has come to mean danger, period. And yet the word can also mean opportunity. Let us now suggest to the person in crisis that he cease concentrating so upon the dangers involved and the difficulties, and concentrate instead upon the opportunity—for there is always opportunity in crisis. Looking at a crisis from an opportunity point of view is a lateral thought."(1 100 words)。
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册ReadingAloud
Unit 1If greatachiev ers shareanythi ng, said Simont on, it is an unrele nting driveto succee d. There’s a tenden cy to thinkthat they are endowe d with someth ing super-normal, he explai ned. But what comesout of the resear ch is that thereare greatpeople who have no amazin g intell ectua l proces ses. It’s a differ encein degree. Greatn ess is builtupon tremen dousamount s of study, practi ce and devoti on.He citedWinsto n Church ill, Britai n’s primeminist er during WorldWar 2, as an exampl e of a risk-takerwho wouldnevergive up. Thrust into office when his countr y's morale was at its lowest, Church ill rose brilli antly to lead the Britis h people. In a speech follow ing the Allied evacua tionat Dunkir k in 1940,he inspir ed the nation when he said, We shallnot flag or fail. We shallgo on to the end... We shallneversurren der.西蒙顿说，如果成就巨大者具有什么共性的话，那就是一种坚持不懈地追求成功的动力。
21 世纪大学英语四Unit4texb
Examples: un un + + necessary justified unnecessary unjustified
Exercises • Word Building
VI. The suffix un- can be added to a verb to form a new verb that describe the opposite or reverse of a process.Now fill the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.
21st Century College English: Book 4
Unit 4: Part C
Unit 4 Part C
• • •
Assignment Checkup Text B Listening Practice
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Oral Practice
Assignment
Assignment Check
Text B
Text B:
Language Points
Comprehension
Language Points
Text B The Truth About College Teachers
Gail Oremland
Language Points
The Truth about College Teacher
unbend unload
undo unlock
undress unpack
unfasten unfold
3. Can you help me ______ this knot? I can’t seem to get it undo open. 4. A hammer isn’t enough to ________ this crooked nail.Why unbend
21世纪大学新英语读写译教程：Unit 04 Genders
大学英语基础课程《高级综合英语》《21世纪大学新英语视听说教程4》Unit 4Learning ObjectivesIn this unit, students are going to watch and listen to some news reports, news stories and interviews. Through doing a series of tasks, they will➢grasp the main ideas of the passages about genders;➢identify the detailed information from the passages / video clips;➢get to know some differences between men and womenTeaching PlanPart 1 Lead-inTask 1Scan the following statements about differences between men and women. Apart from these physical differences, do you know any other differences between men and women?Task 2The average height for men is 1. 71 m while women are on average 12 cmshorter.The average male weighs 78 kilos which is 13 kilos heavier than the averagefemale.Women have less body water (52% for the average woman vs. 61% for theaverage man).A man’s brain measures 87. 4 cubic inches, while a woman’s brain measures 76.8 cubic inches.Women are 3 times more likely to suffer from migraines(偏头痛) compared withmen.Look at the following picture, first describe it and then answer the questions below.1) What do you think of the roles of men and women?2) Can you think of any ways in which Chinese culture affects gender roles?Part 2 Watching & ListeningSection ADirections: In this section, you are going to listen to a dialogue “ Can Men Handle Alcohol Better Than Women”(1’32” ). Read the following words aloud first and then finish the tasks below.Task 1Listen to the dialogue and some questions are asked about it. Choose the best answer to each question from the four choices given below.1. How many drinks did Yael order according to the dialogue?A) Three. B) Four. C) Five. D) Six.2. What is Yaël’s height?A) Five feet. B) Six feet.C) 5. 6 feet. D) 5. 8 feet.3. Why do women tend to get intoxicated faster than men?A) Because women seldom drink alcohol.B) Because women don’t like the taste of alcohol.C) Because women tend to have more fat.D) Because women are not as strong as men.Task 2Listen to the dialogue again, focusing on the specific information, and then decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for true and F for false.1. Don didn’t suggest Yael for another drink.2. Yael is taller than most men, and she believes that she can drink as much as men of her size.3. According to studies men are more likely to suffer worse hangovers.4. Yael will order a pitcher of water instead of alcohol.Task 3Listen to the dialogue the third time and then fill in the blanks.With about 1) more water in their bodies than women, men can drink more alcohol than women before becoming 2) . In fact, studies show that women suffer worse 3) than men too. Men tend to experience more 4) and 5) as a result of drinking, but overall, women suffer more, including dehydration, 6 ) , headaches, and nausea. With every drink, women are reaching higher degrees of intoxication than their male 7) and thus it makes sense that they’re reaching higher degrees of hangover too. More research is needed though to 8) for certain why women‘s hangovers are worse.Part 3 Speaking PracticeDirections: In this section, you are going to watch an interview “When Wives Make More”(2’09”). Read the following words and phrases aloud first and then do the tasks below.Task 1Watch the interview and then answer the following questions by filling the blanks.1. According to the video, why are both husband and wife uncomfortable when the wife earns more than the husband?Men are uncomfortable because they think money is power which symbolize , while women are uncomfortable because they feel ________ for leaving the households, going out, out-earning their husbands, and depriving him of .2. Except money, what else does Saltz think can make both husband and wife feel those masculineand feminine roles?Things like time , organization and and so on.Task 2 Pair WorkWatch the video clip again. After watching, discuss the following questions with your partner1. Do “househusbands” exist in our countr y? Can men nurture children as well as women can?Would you ever want this kind of family with husband being at home while wife being out working?2. From your point of view, what are the essential qualities of being an ideal wife or an idealhusband?Task 3 Group DebateIn the last 30 years, the status of women has changed dramatically in our society, with more and more women working as mayors, managers, and professors. Meanwhile, the role of women in the family has also changed, with most wives going out and even some earning more than their husbands. Is the changing role of women good for the family and society?The class is divided into two sides. Students in Side A hold positive attitude while students in Side B opposite attitude.Part 4 Listening TestSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear a passage. At the end of the passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.1. A) Violin and Piano.B) Guitar and Violin.C) Saxophone and Guitar.D) Drum and trumpet.2. A) To find out whether they take music lessons in their spare time.B) To find out whether they can name four different musical instruments.C) To find out whether they enjoy playing musical instruments in school.D) To find out whether they differ in their preference for musical instruments.3. A) Because they find them too hard to play.B) Because they think it silly to play them.C) Because they find it not challenging enough to play them.D) Because they consider it important to be different from girls.4. A) Children who have private music tutors.B) Children who are 8 or older.C) Children who are between 5 and 7.D) Children who are well-educated.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 1 to 8 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 9 to 11 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.It is research that is guaranteed to delight men — and annoy the women in their lives.A controversial new study has 1) that men really are more intelligent than women. The study concl uded that men’s IQs are almost four points higher than women’s.2) researcher John Philippe Rushton, who previously created a fury by suggesting intelligence is influenced by 3) , says the finding could explain why so few women make it to the top in the 4) . He claims the glass ceiling phenomenon is probably due to 5) intelligence, rather than discrimination or lack of opportunity. The University of Western Ontario psychologist reached his conclusion after carefully examining the results of university 6) tests taken by 100,000 students aged 17 and 18 of both sexes. A focus on factors such as the ability to quickly grasp a7) concept, verbal reasoning skills and creativity —some of the key ingredients of intelligence —8) the male teenager had IQs that were an average of 3. 63 points higher. The average person has an IQ of around 100The findings, 9), overturn a 100 year consensus that men and women average the same in general mental ability. 10). But Prof Rushton, who was born in Bournemouth and obtained his doctorate in social psychology from the London School of Economics, argues that 11).。
21世纪英语读写译。b4-u01-a幻灯片PPT课件
Language Points
4 Who is great Defining who is great depends on how one measures success. But there are some criteria. “Someone who has made a lasting contribution to human civilization is great,” said Dean Keith Simonton, a professor of psychology at the University of California at Davis and author of the 1994 book Greatness: Who Makes History and Why. But he added a word of caution: “Sometimes great people don’t make it into history books. A lot of women achieved great things or were influential but went unrecognized.”
Language Points
5 In writing his book, Simonton combined historical knowledge about great figures with recent findings in genetics, psychiatry and the social sciences. The great figures he focused on include men and women who have won Nobel Prizes, led great nations or won wars, composed symphonies that have endured for centuries, or revolutionized science, philosophy, politics or the arts. Though he doesn’t have a formula to define how or why certain people rise above (too many factors are involved), he has come up with a few common characteristics.
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册 Unit9 Unit 9Text APre-reading ActivitiesFirst ListeningBefore listening to the tape, have a quick look at the following words.decimal十进位的movable type活字transport运输Second ListeningListen to the tape again. Then, choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?A) Most people think that the West, rather than China, is the source of technological innovation.B) China deserves much more credit than is usually given for the development ofthe modern world.C) China had a glorious past, but has not been important in recent world history.D) The importation of paper, printing, and moveable type from China have beencrucial to the development of the West.2. Which of the following is NOT given as an example of a Chinese innovation?A) The game of chess.B) The printing press.C) Modern educational methods.D) Modern agricultural methods.3. The passage emphasizes the importance to the West of Chinese advances in which of the following areas?A) Agriculture and writing.B) Mathematics and clocks.C) Financial organization and taxation.D) Paper money and the steam engine.4. Why does the author of this article emphasize the many contributions made by China?A) To assert Chinese superiority over the West.B) To point out that China actually produces more grain than the United States.C) To underscore（强调）that China and the West are true and equal partners.D) To give the true history of agriculture.The West's Debt to ChinaRobert TempleOne of the greatest untold secrets of history is that the'"modern world" in which we live is a unique synthesis of Chinese and Western ingredients. Possibly more than half of the basic inventions and discoveries upon which the "modern world" rests come from China. And yet few people know this. Why?The Chinese themselves are as ignorant of this fact as Westerners. From the seventeenth century onwards, the Chinese became increasingly dazzled by European technological expertise, having experienced a period of amnesia regarding their own achievements. When the Chinese were shown a mechanical clock by Jesuit missionaries, they were awestruck. They hadforgotten that it was they who had invented mechanical clocks in the first place!It is just as much a surprise for the Chinese as for Westerners to realize that modern agriculture, modern shipping, the modern oil industry, modern astronomical observatories, modern music, decimal mathematics, paper money, umbrellas, fishing reels, wheelbarrows, multi-stage rockets, guns, underwater mines, poison gas, parachutes, hot-air balloons, manned flight, brandy, whisky, the game of chess, printing, and even the essential design of the steam engine, all came from China.Without the importation from China of nautical and navigational improvements such as ships' rudders, the compass and multiple masts, the great European Voyages of Discovery could never have been undertaken. Columbus would not have sailed to America, and Europeans would never have established colonial empires.Without the importation from China of the stirrup, to enable them to stay on horseback, knights of old would never have ridden in their shining armor to aid damsels in distress; there would have been no Age of Chivalry. And without the importation from China of guns and gunpowder, the knights would not have been knocked from their horses by bullets which pierced the armor, bringing the Age of Chivalry to an end.Without the importation from China of paper and printing, Europe would have continued for much longer to copy books by hand. Literacy would not have become so widespread.Johann Gutenberg did not invent movable type. It was invented in China. William Harvey did not discover the circulation of the blood in the body. It was discovered — or rather, always assumed — in China. Isaac Newton was not the first to discover his First Law of Motion. It was discovered in China.These myths and many others are shattered by our discovery of the trueChinese origins of many of the things, all around us, which we take for granted. Some of our greatest achievements turn out to have been not achievements at all, but simple borrowings. Yet there is no reason for us to feel inferior or downcast at the realization that much of the genius of mankind's advance was Chinese rather than European. For it is exciting to realize that the East and the West are not as far apart in spirit or in fact as most of us have been led, by appearances, to believe, and that the East and the West are already combined in a synthesis so powerful and so profound that it is all-pervading. Within this synthesis we live our daily lives, and from it there is no escape. The modern world is a combination of Eastern and Western ingredients which are inextricably fused. The fact that we are largely unaware of it is perhaps one of the greatest cases of historical blindness in the existence of the human race.Why are we ignorant of this gigantic, obvious truth? The main reason is surely that the Chinese themselves lost sight of it. If the very originators of the inventions and discoveries no longer claim them, and if even their memory of them has faded, why should their inheritors trouble to resurrect their lost claims? Until our own time, it is questionable whether many Westerners even wanted to know the truth. It is always more satisfying to the ego to think that we have reached our present position alone and unaided, that we are the proud masters of all abilities and all crafts.We need to set this matter right, from both ends. And I can think of no better single illustration of the folly of Western complacency and self-satisfaction than the lesson to be drawn from the history of agriculture. Today, a handful of Western nations have grain surpluses and feed the world. When Asia starves, the West sends grain. We assume that Western agriculture is the very pinnacle of what is possible in the productive use of soil for the growth of food. But we should take to heartthe astonishing and disturbing fact that the European agricultural revolution, which laid the basis for the Industrial Revolution, came about only because of the importation of Chinese ideas and inventions. The growing of crops in rows, intensive hoeing of weeds, the "modern" seed drill, the iron plow, the moldboard to turn the plowed soil, and efficient harnesses were all imported from China. Before the arrival from China of the trace harness and collar harness, Westerners choked their horses with straps round their throats. Although ancient Italy could produce plenty of grain, it could not be transported overland to Rome for lack of satisfactory harnesses. Rome depended on shipments of grain by sea from places like Egypt. As for sowing methods — probably over half of Europe's seed was wasted every year before the Chinese idea of the seed drill came to the attention of Europeans. Countless millions of farmers throughout European history broke their backs and their spirits by plowing with ridiculously poor plows, while for two thousand years the Chinese were enjoying their relatively effortless method. Indeed, until two centuries ago, the West was so backward in agriculture compared to China, that the West was the Underdeveloped World in comparison to the Chinese Developed World. The tables have now turned. But for how long? And what an uncomfortable realization it is that the West owes its very ability to eat today to the adoption of Chinese inventions two centuries ago.It would be better if the nations and the peoples of the world had a clearer understanding of each other, allowing the mental chasm between East and West to be bridged. After all they are, and have been for several centuries, intimate partners in the business of building a world civilization. The technological world today is a product of both East and West to an extent which until recently no one had ever imagined. It is now time for the Chinese contribution to be recognized and acknowledged, by East and West alike. And, above all, let this be recognized by today'sschoolchildren, who will be the generation to absorb it into their most conceptions about the world. When that happens, Chinese and Westerners will be able to look each other in the eye, knowing themselves to be true and full partners.(1 151 words)New Wordsuntolda. not told to anyone 未说过的，未被讲述的；未透露的synthesisn.(pl syntheses /-si:z /) the combining of separate things, esp. ideas, to form a complex whole 综合，结合，综合体Westernern. a native or inhabitant of the West, i.e. Europe and North America 西方人，欧美人onwardsad. forward in time or space 向前dazzlevt.(often passive) to impress sb. greatly through beauty, knowledge, skill, etc.使昏眩；使惊奇；使赞叹不已；使倾倒amnesian. partial or total loss of memory [医]记忆缺失；遗忘（症）regardingprep.with reference to; concerning 关于；至于；就…而论，在…方面awestrucka. suddenly filled with wonder and respect or fear 充满敬畏（或畏怯、惊奇）之心astronomicala. of astronomy 天文学的；天文的，天体的decimala. based on or counted in tens or tenths 小数的；十进位的wheelbarrown.(also barrow) an open container for moving small loads in, with a wheel at one end, and two legs and two handles at the other 手推车；独轮车multi-stagea. having many stages （火箭、导弹等）多级的underwatera. situated, used or done below the surface of the water 在水下的；供水下用的；在水中操作（或生长）的parachuten.降落伞hot-aira. filled with heated air 热空气的brandyn. a strong alcoholic drink usu. made from wine 白兰地（酒）whiskyn.(US or Irish whiskey) a strong alcoholic drink made from malted grain, esp. barley or rye 威士忌酒importationn. the act of bringing goods, services, ideas, etc. from a foreign country into one's own country 进口；输入nauticala. of ships, sailors or sailing 船舶的；海员的；航海的navigationala. relating to the action, process or art of finding the position and direct the course of a ship, an aircraft, a car, etc., using maps, instruments, etc.航行的；航海的；航空的navigationn.航行；航海；航空ruddern. a vertical piece of wood or metal at the back of a boat, used for steering （船的）舵compassn.(also magnetic compass) a device for finding direction. with a needle that always points to the north 罗盘（仪），指南针multiplea. having or involving many individuals, items or types 多个（或多项、多种）的n.数倍数multiplyvt.乘，使相乘mastn. an upright post of wood or metal used to support a ship's sails 船桅，桅杆voyagen. a long journey, esp. by sea or in space 航行，（尤指）航海；航天coloniala. of, relating to or possessing a colony or colonies 殖民地的；拥有殖民地的stirrupn. either of a pair of metal or leather loops that hang down from a horse's saddle to support a rider's feet 马镫knightn.（欧洲中世纪的）骑士；（近代英国的）爵士（品位低于从男爵，其名前称号用 Sir）armo(u)rn.(formerly) a protective, usu. metal, covering for the body, worn when fighting 盔甲damseln.(arch) a young woman who is not married （古）（诗）少女，姑娘；闺女chivalryn.(in the Middle Ages) the ideal qualities expected of a knight, such as courage, hono(u)r and concern for weak and helpless people 骑士品质（或气概、精神、道德标准、信条等）（如勇武、荣誉感、侠义、扶持弱小、慷慨、谦恭、尊敬女性、对敌人宽容等）；骑士制度gunpowdern. explosive powder used esp. in bombs or fireworks 火药bulletn. a small missile with a pointed end that is fired from a gun 子弹literacyn. the ability to read and write 识字，有文化；读写能力movablea. that can be moved 可动的，活动的circulationn. the movement of blood round the body from and to the heart 血液循环circulatev.（使）环行；（使）环流；（使）循环borrowingn. a thing borrowed, esp. money or a word taken by one language from another 借用；采用；借用物；借用词语downcasta.(of a person, an expression, etc.) depressed; sad 垂头丧气的；沮丧的all-pervadinga. present and seen or felt everywhere 遍及各方面的；无孔不入的inextricablea. so closely linked that separation is impossible （绳结等）解不开的；分不开的inextricablyad.紧密地；不可分割地gigantica. of very great size or extent; huge 巨大的；庞大的originatorn. a person who originates; inventor 创始人；发明者；创作者inheritorn. a person who receives money, property etc. as a result of the death of the previous owner 继承人；后继者resurrectvt. 1. bring (sb.) back to life again 使（某人）复活2. revive (a practice, etc.); bring back into use 使（某种做法等）重新流行；重新唤起对…的记忆；重新使用egon. an individual's idea of oneself, esp. in relation to other people or to the outside world 自我，自己unaideda. not assisted by sb./sth; without help 无助的；独立的follyn. being foolish; lack of wisdom 愚笨，愚蠢complacencyn.(usu. derog) a calm feeling of satisfaction with oneself, one's work, etc.自满（情绪），沾沾自喜self-satisfactionn.(derog) a feeling of being too pleased with oneself and one's own achievements 沾沾自喜，自鸣得意handfuln. a small number 少数，少量pinnaclen. the highest point; the peak 顶峰，极点，顶点mo(u)ldboardn. a curved metal plate in a plow, which turns over the earth from the furrow （农）犁壁Strapn. a strip of leather, cloth or other flexible material, often with a buckle, used for fastening sth., keeping sth. in place, carrying sth. or holding onto sth.带，条带；皮带；布带；铁皮条transportvt. take sth./sb. from one place to another in a vehicle 运输，运送；输送；搬运overlandad. across the land; by land, not by sea or air 横越大陆地；经由陆路satisfactorya. of an acceptable nature or standard; good enough for a purpose 令人满意的；可喜的；恰当的shipmentn. a cargo or goods transported, esp. by ship 装载（或交运）的货物（量）sowv. put or scatter seed in or on the ground; plant land with seed 播种，种；撒播（种子）；播种于（土地）effortlessa. needing little or no effort 不需要努力的；不（大）费劲的；容易的backwarda. having made or making less than normal progress 落后的underdevelopeda.(of a country, etc.) not having achieved a high level of economic development 未充分发展的；不发达的；落后的adoptionn. the act of taking over sth. and having or using it as one's own 采取，采纳，采用chasmn. a very wide difference between people, groups, etc., esp. one that is unlikely to change （感情、兴趣、意见等的）大差别，大分歧intimatea.(of people) having a very close and friendly relationship 熟悉的；亲密的；密切的fundamentala. that need to be known or learned first; most important 基本的，根本的；重要的Phrases and Expressionsbring...to an endcause...to end 使…完结（终了、结束）or rather(used to correct sth. one has said previously, or to give more accurate information)more exactly; more truly; it would be better to say 或者确切点说lose sight offail to consider (sth.); forget (sth.)忘记；忽略set...rightput...right; rectify 校正；纠正take...to heartconsider seriously; be much affected or upset by (sth.)认真考虑（某事）；关注（某事）；对（某事）想不开；为（某事）忧虑（或伤心、烦恼）come abouthappen, esp. in a way that seems impossible to prevent 发生，产生for lack ofbecause there is not enough 因缺乏come to the attention ofdraw (sb.'s) attention 引起…的关注compared to/withexamined to see how people or things are alike and how they are different 与…相比by/in comparison to/with(when) compared with/to 与…相比look...in the eye(s)/facelook at (sb.) steadily without shame or embarrassment （心地坦然地）直视（某人），正视（某人）Proper NamesJesuit耶稣会会士（1534 年 Ignatius Loyola 所创天主教一修会的成员）Columbus哥伦布（1451—1506，意大利航海家、新大陆发现者）Gutenberg谷登堡（1398—1468，德国金匠、活字印刷术发明者）Harvey哈维（1578—1657，英国医师、生理学家、实验生理学创始人之一）Newton牛顿（1642—1727，英国学家、家和天文学家）Egypt埃及（东北非国家）。
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Structure
《读写教程 IV》: Ex. VIII, p. 12
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Children have different performances at school. It’s not that they have different IQs, it’s that they are brought up in different environment.
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Structure Rewrite the following sentences, using the sentence pattern It’s not that…, it’s that…
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Structure Rewrite the following sentences, using the sentence pattern It’s not that…, it’s that… 5. You have a stomachache, probably as a result of the stress from your work, not because of the food. You have a stomachache. It’s not that food was bad, it’s probably that you have too much stress from your work.
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Assignment Checkup • Structure • Cloze • Translation
Revision of Text A 3
Structure • Ex.VII • Ex.教程 IV》: Ex. VII, p. 12
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Structure
VII.The conjunction that can be used to introduce a clause of reason. Study the model carefully and rewrite the following sentences, using the sentence pattern It’s not that…, it’s that
For some students, it’s not that they don’t put enough time, it’s that they don’t have good study habits.
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Structure Rewrite the following sentences, using the sentence pattern It’s not that…, it’s that…
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Structure Rewrite the following sentences, using the sentence pattern It’s not that…, it’s that…
1. For some students, they reason is not that they don’t put in enough time, but rather that they don’t have good study habits.
The company is not very productive. It’s not that it’s staff aren't talented, it’s that their energy hasn’t been channeled effectively.
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Structure Rewrite the following sentences, using the sentence pattern It’s not that…, it’s that… 4. I’m really sorry. I do want to go to the cinema with you, but I have to finish my paper tonight. I am really sorry. It’s not that I don’t want to go to the cinema with you, it’s that I have to finish my paper tonight.
21st Century College English: Book 4
Unit 1: Part B
1
Unit 1 Part B
• Revision of Text A • Reading Analysis • Structured Writing • Listening Practice • Assignment
Model:
For most of us, the reason does not lie in the fact that we don’t have the ability, but in the fact we don’t devote the time.
For most of us, it’s not that we don’t have the ability, it’s that we don’t devote the time.
3. The company is not very productive. It’s problem is not that its staff aren’t talented, but that their energy hasn’t been channeled (引导）effectively.
2. Children have different performances at school. It’s not because they have different IQs, but because they are brought up in different environments.