英语知识定语从句的翻译( 10页)PPT课件
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英语知识-定语从句的翻译PPT
• Translation skills for related pronouns guiding related clion strategies for related advertisements guiding related claims
• Analysis of Translation Examples of Complex Structure Attributive Clause
Translation of English
Knowledge Attributive Clause
目录
• Basic concepts and structures of relevant clauses
• Classification and characteristics of relevant clauses
noun or pronoun it modifications
Structure
Typical, a restrictive attribute clause follows the noun or pronoun it modifications and is not set off by commas It usually begins with a relative
Use of relative proofs/advertisements: Both types of classes can begin with relative proofs or advertisements, but their functions differ In restrictive clauses, these words introduce essential information, while in non restrictive clauses, they introduce non essential information
• Analysis of Translation Examples of Complex Structure Attributive Clause
Translation of English
Knowledge Attributive Clause
目录
• Basic concepts and structures of relevant clauses
• Classification and characteristics of relevant clauses
noun or pronoun it modifications
Structure
Typical, a restrictive attribute clause follows the noun or pronoun it modifications and is not set off by commas It usually begins with a relative
Use of relative proofs/advertisements: Both types of classes can begin with relative proofs or advertisements, but their functions differ In restrictive clauses, these words introduce essential information, while in non restrictive clauses, they introduce non essential information
英汉基础翻译要点—定语从句的译法PPT课件
第9页/共67页
5.2 译成后置的并列分句
• A．一些结构较复杂，或者意思上又较强的独立性 的限定性定语从句，通常可译为后置的并列分句。 采取这种译法往往要重复关系代词所代替的词， 有时可在这词之前加指示词“这”、“这些”等， 以使译文明确。如：
第10页/共67页
• 例1．But world attention also is focusing on another step, which will make the smoker increasingly self-conscious and uncomfortable about his habit.
• 诚然，一个宏伟的重建计划也 许能为许多需要工作的人提供就
第3页/共67页
• 例2．There is no royal road to science, and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of the steep paths have a chance of gaining its luminous summits.
第7页/共67页
• 例1．This practice book is intended for foreign engineers or students of engineering who have already mastered the elements of English, and who now want to use their knowledge of the language to read books on their subjects.
• 在科学上没有平坦的大道，只有不 畏劳苦，沿着陡峭的山路攀登的人，
5.2 译成后置的并列分句
• A．一些结构较复杂，或者意思上又较强的独立性 的限定性定语从句，通常可译为后置的并列分句。 采取这种译法往往要重复关系代词所代替的词， 有时可在这词之前加指示词“这”、“这些”等， 以使译文明确。如：
第10页/共67页
• 例1．But world attention also is focusing on another step, which will make the smoker increasingly self-conscious and uncomfortable about his habit.
• 诚然，一个宏伟的重建计划也 许能为许多需要工作的人提供就
第3页/共67页
• 例2．There is no royal road to science, and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of the steep paths have a chance of gaining its luminous summits.
第7页/共67页
• 例1．This practice book is intended for foreign engineers or students of engineering who have already mastered the elements of English, and who now want to use their knowledge of the language to read books on their subjects.
• 在科学上没有平坦的大道，只有不 畏劳苦，沿着陡峭的山路攀登的人，
定语从句完整PPT课件
D．with whom
2.只用Which引导的定语从句。
常规情况下：which在从句做主语或宾语， 但介词提前时，只用which。
The building which/that stands near the river is our school.(主语）
This is the book (which/that) you want.（宾语）
4 定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。
5 非限制性定语从句中的关系词Fra bibliotek可以省略。关系代词的功能：
Who
指人做主语
Whom 指人作宾语
That
指人也指物，做主语也做宾语
Which 指物，做主语也做宾语
Whose 指人也指物，做定语，强调所属
关系
When 指时间，做时间状语
Where 指地点，做地点状语
★注意 在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。
⑴ 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything 等。
All that we have to do is to practise every day.
Something that we heard was of great truth.
1. 正在打篮球的男生们来自一年级。
The boys who/that are playing basketball are from Grade One. 2.照顾我姐姐的护士很善良。 The nursewho/that looks after my sister
is kind.
3.我们观看那部戏是由老舍写的茶馆。
3.She is always late for class, which makes the teacher angry.
(完整版)定语从句PPT课件
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
关系代词与介词: 介词放在关系代词的前 面时,介词宾语只能用which代物, 用whom 代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)
The Attributive Clause
定语从句
定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、
分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。
(以分词、介词短语为例） 例： The girl behind the tree is Kate.
The man driving too fast was drunk.
Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.
the red the green the small apple the big
The apple which is red is mine.
➢定语从句 在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.
The man who was driving too fast was drunk.
eg. The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
2.I’ll never forget the day. I joined the League on that day.
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the League. I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the League .
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
关系代词与介词: 介词放在关系代词的前 面时,介词宾语只能用which代物, 用whom 代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)
The Attributive Clause
定语从句
定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、
分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。
(以分词、介词短语为例） 例： The girl behind the tree is Kate.
The man driving too fast was drunk.
Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.
the red the green the small apple the big
The apple which is red is mine.
➢定语从句 在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.
The man who was driving too fast was drunk.
eg. The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
2.I’ll never forget the day. I joined the League on that day.
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the League. I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the League .
定语从句绝对经典系列ppt课件
The Attributive Clause
定语从句
知识准备
什么是定语： 用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语、从句。 .
4.定语 修饰和限定名词和代词的词。通常由形容词，代词(多为形容词性物主代词），数词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词和从句（定语从句）来担当。 a kind girl, a book on the desk I have homework to finish. the fallen leaves the boy who is very smart
五.一般说来,定语从句总是紧跟在先行词的后面,但有时候定语从句与先行词之间被其他成分分隔开来,这样的句子叫分隔定语从句. There are thousands of stars in the sky that are like our sun. The days are gone when we suffered so much. Carl still remembers one afternoon in his first year when the professor took the students to the chemistry lab.
of which
to whom
in which
with which
in which
by which
三.Whose引起从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，即 the+ n + of +which/whom 如： e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south. They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.
定语从句
知识准备
什么是定语： 用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语、从句。 .
4.定语 修饰和限定名词和代词的词。通常由形容词，代词(多为形容词性物主代词），数词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词和从句（定语从句）来担当。 a kind girl, a book on the desk I have homework to finish. the fallen leaves the boy who is very smart
五.一般说来,定语从句总是紧跟在先行词的后面,但有时候定语从句与先行词之间被其他成分分隔开来,这样的句子叫分隔定语从句. There are thousands of stars in the sky that are like our sun. The days are gone when we suffered so much. Carl still remembers one afternoon in his first year when the professor took the students to the chemistry lab.
of which
to whom
in which
with which
in which
by which
三.Whose引起从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，即 the+ n + of +which/whom 如： e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south. They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.
6定语从句及其它常见句式的翻译精品PPT课件
外位语翻译之三
❖ 三）溶合法 ❖ 所谓溶合法就是抛开汉语中的外位结构，将其所表
达的内容纳入英语的句子当中，充当相应的句法成 分。例如：
❖ 建设和谐社会，这将是今后我们长期的工作重心所 在。
❖ Our priority in work for the long period ahead is to build a harmonious society.
(5) yet he failed somehow, in spite of a mediocrity which ought to have insured any man a success. 译文:按理说,他这样的庸才,正该发迹才是,可是不知怎 么,只是不得意。
(6)I have strong opinions which wouldn't suit you.
译文:我有些看法,但对于你们怕不合适。
(7)You compare her with your English-women who wolf down from three to five meat meals a day; and naturally you find Sally a sylph.
外位语翻译之二
❖ 二）拆句法 ❖ 为了句式的明晰，表意的准确，可以考虑将外位结
构拆分成英语中独立的句子。例如：
❖ 要解决问题，还须作系统的周密的调查工作和研究 工作，这就是分析的过程。
❖ In order to solve the problem it is necessary to make a systematic and thorough investigation and study. This is the process of analysis.
《英语定语从句》PPT课件
定语从句
关系代词
关系副词
事，物：which/ that/ whose/as
人： who/whom/whose/that/as
地点：where 时间：when 原因：why
the usage of the relative pronoun
关系
指代
在定语从句中所充当的成分
代词 人 物 句子 主语 宾语 表语 状语 定语
Eric received training in computer for one year, after which he found a job in a big company.
I´m not the fool (that) you thought me to be.
The man that helped you is Mr White.
只用that引导 1.当先行词既包括人又包括物时：
2.He talked about the men and the books
that attracted him. 2. 指物的先行词被any, every, only, very,
all, no等修饰时：
These are the very points that interest me.
This is the person ( that) you want to see.
A dictionary is a useful book that tells us the meaning of words.
The film that we just talked about is very interesting.
We are not satisfied with the reason that/which he gave us.
Unit11英语定语从句翻译PPT课件
总结词：直译法
详细描述：直译法是指将英文定语从句按照原文的句式和结 构进行翻译，尽可能保留原文的表达方式和意义。这种方法 能够保持原文的语气和风格，但有时可能会显得生硬或不够 流畅。
Free translation method
总结词：意译法
详细描述：意译法是指将英文定语从句按照汉语的表达习 惯进行翻译，不拘泥于原文的句式和结构，以传达原文的 含义和精神为主。这种方法能够使译文更加流畅自然，但 有时可能会牺牲原文的一些细节或风格。
translating attributive clauses • Translation exercise and answer analysis of
relative clauses
01
Introduction to relative clauses
The definition of attributive clauses
ellipsis
总结词：省略法
VS
详细描述：省略法是指将英文定语从 句中的某些成分进行省略或简化，以 使译文更加简洁明了。这种方法适用 于一些较为冗长或复杂的定语从句， 能够减少译文的篇幅和复杂度。需要 注意的是，省略法可能会牺牲原文的 一些信息或风格，因此在使用时需要 谨慎考虑。
03
Translation Practice of Attributive Clause
Answer Analysis: The correct translation of this sentence is " 中了彩票的那个人现在成了百万 富翁。" The relative clause "who won the lottery" modifies "person". In Chinese, we use "那" to indicate the specific person, and "中了彩票 的" as the modifying phrase.
详细描述：直译法是指将英文定语从句按照原文的句式和结 构进行翻译，尽可能保留原文的表达方式和意义。这种方法 能够保持原文的语气和风格，但有时可能会显得生硬或不够 流畅。
Free translation method
总结词：意译法
详细描述：意译法是指将英文定语从句按照汉语的表达习 惯进行翻译，不拘泥于原文的句式和结构，以传达原文的 含义和精神为主。这种方法能够使译文更加流畅自然，但 有时可能会牺牲原文的一些细节或风格。
translating attributive clauses • Translation exercise and answer analysis of
relative clauses
01
Introduction to relative clauses
The definition of attributive clauses
ellipsis
总结词：省略法
VS
详细描述：省略法是指将英文定语从 句中的某些成分进行省略或简化，以 使译文更加简洁明了。这种方法适用 于一些较为冗长或复杂的定语从句， 能够减少译文的篇幅和复杂度。需要 注意的是，省略法可能会牺牲原文的 一些信息或风格，因此在使用时需要 谨慎考虑。
03
Translation Practice of Attributive Clause
Answer Analysis: The correct translation of this sentence is " 中了彩票的那个人现在成了百万 富翁。" The relative clause "who won the lottery" modifies "person". In Chinese, we use "那" to indicate the specific person, and "中了彩票 的" as the modifying phrase.
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例1：He took out a bottle of wine out of his pocket, which he began to drink slowly.
译文：他从衣兜里掏nd the boy to Britain, where he can receive better education.
2
3．译成兼语句的一部分
当先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，即先行词 在逻辑上与定语从句中的动词构成主谓或动宾关系 时，就可采用此方法使两个分句融为一体。
例1：I need someone who can instruct me in my 来自 中E国n最g大l的is资h料s库t下u载dy.
译文：我们的社会和政治体制在很多方面都与贵国的不一样。 例2：We used a plane of which almost every part carried some identification of
national identity. 译文：我们驾驶的飞机几乎每个部件都有国籍的某些标志。
被修饰名词的前面。 例1：He is not the one who will give up easily. 译文：他不是一个轻易服输的人。 例2：Our two countries are neighbors whose friendship is of long
standing. 译文：我们两国是友谊长存的友好邻邦。
译文：我需要一个人来指导我学习英语。 例句2：When I passed by, I saw a man who was
quarreling with his wife. 译文：当我经过时，我看到一个人和他的妻子在吵
架。
3
4．译成连动式的一部分
为了行文方便，有时候在英译汉时就需要把主句、从句中的动词连起来一起翻 译，从而使句子显得连贯，符合汉语的表达习惯。
第七章 定语从句的翻译
一般地，定语从句的翻译有合译法、分译法和混译法。在这里，我们主 要详细介绍合译法和分译法。
一、合译法：合译法通常用于句式较短的情况，主要以限制性定语从句 为主。在英译汉时，一般将其译成“的”字结构，有时也将定语部分译 成谓语、兼语句的一部分或带有“这”字句的简单句。
1．译成定语“的”字结构 来自 中国这最大是的最资为料常库下见载的一种英译汉的方式，翻译成中文时，将定语部分放在
1
2．译成谓语
当定语从句是存在句，尤其是在“there be结构”和它的变体结构、以及在“it be +主语+定语从句”的结构中，定语从句的谓语在意义上也是整个主句的谓语， 因此在英译汉时可将其译为主谓结构的简单句。
例1：There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month. 译文：在那群人中，有的人每天都站在那里，站了一个月。 例2：There have been good results in the experiments that have given him
students of which are trained to be engineers or scientists. 译文：这是一所科技大学，该校学生将被培养成工程师或科
学工作者。
5
另外，在英语中常常会把需要强调的内容放于句首，而汉 语中却习惯把附加性说明的定语部分翻译为后置型的并列 分句，以求在形式上突出主句的内容。
grate encouragement. 来自 中译国文最：大实的资验料中库的下良载好结果给了他莫大的鼓励。
另外，有些定语从句英译汉时要需要将主句压缩成主语，而将定语从句译成谓语， 融合为一个句子。
例1： We have a social and political system that differed in many respects from your own.
例1: She suddenly thought of her husband, who had left her and their children behind and had never been heard of.
译文：他丈夫早就抛弃了妻儿一直杳无音信，现在她突 然想起了他。
来自
中国th最e大例re的2资w: 料Te库hree下b载meeanutsyuadnddensliygnaiwficaaknecneedinttohethsee
译文：他钦佩布朗太太，这使我大为惊讶。
例2：She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.
译文：她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。
4
二、分译法：分译法是指将主句和从句分开翻译的一种方法， 主要用于较长的非限制性定语从句里。采用这种方法可避免句 子的冗长和累赘。这种方法一般采用主句在前，从句在后的翻 译形式，将句子翻译成两个相对独立的小分句。
来自
译文：我们将要把这个孩子送到英国去接受更好的教育。 中5国．最译大成的“资这料”库字下载句
有时，关系代词并不仅仅只是指代先行词，它还指代前面整个句子的内容。 这时，我们一般将其译成“这”或“这一点”。
例1：He admired Mrs. Brown, which surprises me most.
严格地说，合译法中的第5点（译成“这”字句）也属于这种 翻译方法。
1．译出关系代词或关系副词 根据逻辑的需要，在翻译前，我们首先应该弄清关系词所指
代的内容，进而按照先行词的词义来进行翻译。 例1: He has learned French, which he thinks is the most 来自 中国b最e大a的ut资ifu料l库la下n载guage in the world. 译文：他学过法语，他认为法语是世界上最美的语言。 例2: This is a college of science and technology, the