上海市第十一届(2011)初中科普英语竞赛-2
上海初中科普英语竞赛
上海初中科普英语竞赛1.引言1.1 概述科普英语竞赛是一项旨在提高初中生科学素养和英语水平的活动。
通过参与科普英语竞赛，初中生能够接触到最新的科学知识，拓宽视野，培养对科学的兴趣和热爱。
此外，科普英语竞赛也倡导学生运用英语进行科学交流和表达的能力，提升他们的英语口语和写作水平。
科普英语竞赛的目的在于激发学生的创造力和想象力，并通过实践活动来培养学生的科学思维和解决问题的能力。
此外，科普英语竞赛也鼓励学生团队合作，培养他们的协作精神和领导能力。
上海初中科普英语竞赛自其创办以来已经取得了巨大的发展。
通过这项比赛，上海的中学生获得了更多展示自己才华的机会，并与其他学校的同学进行交流和学习。
这不仅提高了他们的学术水平，还促进了他们之间的友谊和合作。
总之，上海初中科普英语竞赛是一个重要且有意义的活动，它促进了学生的科学素养和英语能力的发展，并培养了学生的团队合作和创新精神。
希望通过这篇文章的介绍，能够让更多的人关注和支持这一活动，并为其未来的发展贡献自己的力量。
1.2 文章结构文章结构部分的内容可以包括以下内容：文章结构：本文将分为引言、正文和结论三个部分来介绍上海初中科普英语竞赛。
其中引言部分将概述本文内容、介绍文章结构以及明确文章的目的。
正文部分将探讨科普英语竞赛的意义和上海初中科普英语竞赛的历史与发展。
结论部分将总结对初中生的影响，并展望未来科普英语竞赛的发展。
引言部分：在引言部分，我们将对上海初中科普英语竞赛进行介绍，包括其目的和组织形式等。
首先，我们将概述本文的内容，明确文章的结构，并简要介绍每个部分的内容。
接着，我们将介绍文章的目的，即探讨上海初中科普英语竞赛的意义和其对初中生的影响。
通过对这一竞赛的深入了解，我们可以更好地了解科普英语竞赛在初中教育中的作用，促进学生的科学素养和英语能力的提升。
正文部分：在正文部分，我们将详细探讨上海初中科普英语竞赛的意义和其历史与发展。
首先，我们将介绍科普英语竞赛的意义，其中包括培养学生的科学素养，提高科学知识的应用能力，加深对科学的理解和兴趣等方面。
上海市中考英语试卷及答案
2011年上海市初中毕业生统一学业考试英语试卷（满分150分，考试时间100分钟）考生注意：本卷有9大题，共106小题。
试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分。
Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)I. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片): (共6分)II. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案): (共10分)7. A) By underground. B) By car. C) By bike. D) By bus.8. A) Never. B) Once. C) Twice. D) Three times.9. A) Excited. B) Interested. C) Angry. D) Sad.10. A) To go to the park. B) To visit Julia.C) To practice the piano. D) To hold a party.11. A) 7:00. B) 8:00. C) 8:30. D) 9:00.12. A) Her cousin. B) Her sister. C) Her brother. D) Her friend.13. A) In a magazine. B) On the Internet.C) From a friend’s office. D) At the book shop.14. A) Doctor and patient. B) Teacher and student.C) Husband and wife. D) Waiter and customer.15. A) Because he is working on a problem.B) Because his mum is making a phone call.C) Because his brother is writing a programme.D) Because Grandma is complaining about the noise.16. A) He has wasted money keeping pets. B) He doesn’t know how to keep pets.C) He has enough time to keep pets. D) He doesn’t want to k eep pets.III. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示): (共7分)17. John did not get up at seven o’clock that morning.18. Mum felt John’s head and took him to the doctor.19. John had got a stomachache and needed a rest.20. The doctor asked John to take the medicine twice a day.21. When they got home, John went to his bedroom and had a good sleep.22. To Mum’s surprise, John had swum for only a few minutes.23. John thought he should take the medicine in the swimming pool.IV. Listen to the dialogue and complete the sentences (听对话，完成下列空格，每空格限填一词): (共7分)24. Harry is waiting for a robot to do all his ________.25. Jane thinks we will be able to ________a robot one day.26. ________ on the Internet could save us a lot of time.27. An electric car doesn’t pollute the air and it’s ________.28. Harry believes new ways can be used to produce electricity in ________years.29. With special wings, we can go ________without traffic jams.30 Maybe we can ________to the moon or other planets.Part 2 Vocabulary and Grammar(第二部分词汇和语法)V. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案): (共26分)31. This novel can make you laugh and cry at ______ same time.A) a B) an C) the D) /32. The university student borrowed some money ______ his friends to start his own business.A) from B) onto C) at D) in33. I have two children, and ______ of them are working in the west of China.A) all B) both C) neither D) either34. The old man used to raise many ______ to make a living on the farm.A) duck B) horse C) bird D) sheep35. The students from Xinjiang enjoy staying in our school because everyone is ______ to them.A) friendly B) gently C) happily D) politely36. We hope that with the help of the new skill, Liu Xiang can run ______ than before.A) fast B) faster C) fastest D) the fastest37. Take the exam carefully, ______ you won’t get full marks.A) but B) and C) or D) so38. We did n’t start our discussion ______ everybody arrived.A) since B) if C) while D) until39. You ______ lose your way if you walk alone in the mountains at night.A) may B) need C) should D) ought to40. By the end of last month, I ______ all the CDs of Justin Bieber.A) collect B)collected C) have collected D) had collected41. Now my father ______ his bike to work every day instead of driving.A) ride B) rode C) rides D) will ride42. We are glad to hear that the Greens ______ to a new flat next week.A) move B) moved C) will move D) have moved43. An official ______ by some reporters on food problems in Shanghai yesterdayA) is interviewing B) is interviewedC) was interviewing D) was interviewed44. As we all know, it’s not polite to keep others ______ for a long time.A)wait B) waited C) to wait D) waiting45. You had better ______ because you have to drive back home.A) not drinking B) not drink C) don’t drink D) not to drink46. Your English teacher has never lost his temper, ______ he?A) has B) hasn’t C) did D) didn’t47. ----______ T-shirt do you like better, the red one or the blue one?----I prefer the red oneA) How much B) How many C) Whose D) Which48. Th ere ______ still some milk in the fridge. It’s not necessary to go to the store today.A) am B) is C) are D) be49. These natural disasters have warned us that everyone should start to protect the ______immediately.A) amusement B) development C) environment D) government50. Edward, you have grown up. You should learn to make your own room ______.A) empty B) noisy C) dirty D) tidy51. Though I ______ the phone number many times, the foreigner still couldn’t write it down.A) repeated B) refused C) researched D) recognized52. The lady ______ dancing as a hobby in her sixties, and she is really good at it now.A) dressed up B) looked up C) took up D) put up53. I have no idea what life would be like without wa ter. The underlined part means”_______”.A) don’t remember B) don’t know C) don’t believe D) don’t expect54. When you have western food, you should use knife and fork properly. The underlined partmeans”______”.A) in a quick way B) in the right wayC) in a different way D) in the usual way55. ----I think honesty is the most important thing in doing everything.---- ______.A) All right B) Never mind C) I think so, too D) Yes, please56. ---- I’m leaving for Canada on a study trip next week.----______.A) Enjoy your time B) That’s all rightC) You’re welcome D) It’s a pleasureVI. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子): (共8分)57. Climb up to the __________ floor, and you can enjoy a better view. ( eleven)58. __________, Grace made up her mind to live abroad with her daughter. (final)59. It is a very ________ book for language learners to improve writing skills. (use)60. Don’t worry about your son. He is old enough to b e independent and live by __________. (he)61. The movie kungfu Panda II is sure to __________ a large number of teenagers. (attractive)62. If you don’t go on a diet, it is __________ for you to lose weight. (possible)63. The local people had to move away because of the serious __________. (pollute)64. The great __________ gave his first show in Shanghai and the tickets sold out in minutes. (art)VIII. Rewrite the following sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子。
2011年上海市中考英语试题及答案
2011年上海市中考英语试题（绝密）(第一部分听力)Part 1 ListeningI. Listen and match the picture to the sentence you hear根据你听到的句子，选出内容相符的图片，用A、B、C等表示，填入空格内)2(共6分)II. Listen and ch oose th e best respon se to t he sent ence yo u hear根据你听到的句子，选出最恰当的应答，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内)：(共6分)1. A) Much better. B)It's nothing. C)I'd love to. D)The same to you.2. A)Don't worry. B)Y es, please. C)That's right D)No, you won't3. A) Are you kidding? B)No, of course not C)Thank you. D)Congratulations!4. A)All right B) Y ou're welcome. C) Never mind D)Not at all5. A)It's yours. B)Here you are. C)Here we are. D)Help yourself.6. A) For two weeks. B)Once a week. C)In two weeks. D)On Friday afternoon.III. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格)：(共6分)1. A)Sad. B)Happy. C)Tired D)Hungry.2. A) At the office. B) In a hospital C)At a bus stop. D)In a supermarket3. A) 280 yuan. B)200 yuan. C)80 yuan. D)360 yuan.4. A) Music. B) Animal World C) Sports news. D) English news.5. A)Dancing. B)Writing. C) Eating. D) Sleeping.6. A) A card B) A book. C)A model plane. D)A model ship.IV. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示，填入空格内)：(共6分)1. Lucky lived with the old lady in England2. The following weekend Peter' s father took him to his grandmother's by car.3. It didn't take long for Peter to finish the work4. When Peter looked at the yellow wall, he felt proud of his work.5. Grandmother got angry with Peter when she saw the paint on the floor.6. Grandmother gave Lucky nothing to eat for 3 days because it had done something wrong.1. Fill In the blanks with the proper words according to the phonetic transcriptions根据所给音标，每空格限填一词，每词限用一次)：(共5分)1. Miss Brown will teach English next term.A us B. we C our D. ours2. The scientists from United States live in . , Ninth StreetA. the；theB. /, theC. /；/D. the；/3. Wushu is becoming more and more popular foreigners.A. amongB. forC. inD. to4. If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please teJl me phone.A. atB. by C on D. through.5. Cars, buses and bikes stop when the traffic lights change to red.A. canB. may C must D. need6. There are many new highrises on side of Huanni Road. What a magnificent view!A. eitherB. neither C both D. all7. The manager that the business would be worse after the stock(股票)went down.A. talkedB. told C said D. spoke,8. We'll have a holiday. What about going to the West Lake?A. two daysB. two-day C two-days D. two-days'9. Mr Smith thought the Century Park was the second in Shanghai.A large B. larger C largest D. very large10. Bob spends a lot of money on books he is not rich. !A. ifB. thoughC. whenD. because11. if the launch(发射)in 2005 is successful,China will be the third country its astronauts into space after Russia and the US.A. sendB. sendsC. sendingD. to send12. Y esterday morning I got up early be late for the exam.A. in order toB. in order to not C so as not to D. so as to13. I don't know Sam's telephone number. Will you please in your address book for me?.A. look up itB. look it up C look for it D. look at it14. The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, ?A. does itB. doesn't it C did it D. didn't it15. I'd like to know .A. when will he give back the tapeB. whether has he received higher educationC that he has been busyD. whether she will join in our English EveningIV. Fill In the blanks with the verbs in their proper forms(用所给动词的适当形式填空，每空格词数不限)：(rise). What a shame! There we (tell) to be earlier the next time.V. Rewrite the sentences as required(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)．(共10分)第三部分阅读和写话I. Reading Comprehension(阅读理解)：(共18分)(A)These two letters appeared in a newspaper. Both writers have their own ideas on zoos.Zoos Do a Good JobIt is good to keep animals in zoos. I know a lot of people think it is wrong to keep animals in zoos. However, I believe that zoos have many good points.Firstly, zoos are places for people to see many different kinds of animals from all over the world. Without zoos, most people would never see a real bear or tiger.Secondly, zoos look after the animals very well The animals are always given food and cleaned regularly (定期). In the wild, it is not always possible for an animal to find food, so sometimes it goes hungry/But animals kept in zoos never go hungry.Thirdly, zoos protect the animals they look after. They offer them safe places to live in. In the wild, some kinds of animals are in danger of becoming extinct(灭绝). But zoos give these animals a chance(机会)to live, Without zoos, there would be fewer kinds of animals in the worldMaria SmithZoos Are UnnaturalIn Maria's letter, she says that zoos are good for animals. I am afraid that zoos are not good for animals, they are only good for people.It is unnatural(land unfair to keep wild animals in cages(笼子). Most animals are kept in cages that are too small for them. In the wild, these animals would travel freely. In zoos, they can't do this. This is why the bears and tigers always look so sad.Most cages are not very clean either. It is true that zoos give the animals food regularly, but this is not natural Wild animals are used to looking for their own food. We should treat(对待)animals in the same way that we treat other people—with respectWould anyone be happy if you don't let him go outside his home? Would Maria like to have lots of people standing outside her flat looking at her? No, she wouldn't And animals don't like it either.Philip BlackTrue or False(判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示1. Maria and Philip have quite different ideas on keeping animals in zoos.2. In Maria's opinion(观点) , a real bear or tiger can only be seen in zoos.3. Maria thinks that animals live better in zoos than in the wild.5. Maria and Philip both agree that zoos are good for people.6. In the two letters, they are discussing how to make animals in zoos happy.(B)John Brown, an office worker, lives in Washington, He inherited(继承) $ 1,000, 000 when he was 23. He didn't feel happy at all His college friends were looking for their first jobs, but he didn’t have to. John decided to keep living a simple life like everyone else. He didn’t tell any of his friends and gave $ 100, 000 of his money to a charity(慈善团体)that helped poor children to live better lives. Today he is 36, the still wears cheap shoes and clothes and owns a small car only, but he is much happier.Up to now John has helped 15 children from poor countries all over the world, $ 200 a month for each. The child does not receive the money in cash(现金). The money pays for the child's school expenses, food, medical care and clothing. John receives a report each year on the child's progress. They can write to each other, but usually the children do not speak English.When John first heard about these children, he wanted to help them. "It was not anything special, "he said. "Until I had the chance to go to these countries and meet the children I was helping, I did not know anything about the type of life they had"Once John went to meet a little girl in Africa. He said that the meeting was very exciting. "When I met her, I felt very very happy, " he said, "I saw that the money was used for a very good plan. It brought me closer to the child in a way that giving money alone cannot " "I want to do everything I can. I will go on helping those children in need, " he added.Questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题，不超过五个单词：1. What land of life is John living?He is living a ；.2. Did John want to look for a job or stay at home after he got the money?3. Does John only help the poor children in Africa?4. The child receives the money in cash, doesn't he?5. Why did John say that the meeting with the little girl was very exciting?Because he saw his money was well used and this made him .6. . How do you like John Brown?He is(C)More than 50, 000, 000 people live in the rainforests of the world and most of them do not hurt the forest they live in They eat the fruits that grow on the forest trees, but they do not cut them down. They kill some animals to eat, but they do not destroy them.When we cut down the rainforests, we destroy these forest people, too. In 1900, there were 1, 000, 000 forest people in the Amazon forest In 1980, there were only 200, 000.The Y anomami live along the rivers of the rainforest in the north of Brazil(巴西). They have lived in the rainforest for about 10, 000 years and they use more than 2, 000 different plants for food and for medicine. But in 1988, someone found gold in their forest, and suddenly 45, 000 people came to the forest and began looking for gold They cut down the forest to make roads. They made more than a hundred airports. The Y anomami people lost land and food Many died because new diseases came to the forest with the strangers.The Y anomami people tried to save their forest, because it was their home. But the people who wanted gold were stronger.Many forest people try to save their forests. Chico Mendes was famous in Brazil because he wanted to keep the forest for his people. "I want the Amazon forest to help all of us—forest people, Brazil, and all the Earth, "he said A few months later, in December 1988, people who wanted to cut down the forest killed Chico Mendes.In Borneo, people were cutting down the forest of the Penan people to sell the wood The Penan peoplefifteen roads for eight months. No one cut down any trees during that time.In Panama, the Kuna people saved their forest They made a forest park which tourists pay to visit.The Gavioes people of Brazil use the forest, but they protect it as well They find and sell the Btttfl nuts(坚果) which grow on the forest trees,Choose the best answer根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示1. The number of the people living in the Amazon forest in 1980 was of that in 1900.A. halfB. one-third C two-fifths D. one-fifth2. The people who have destroyed the rainforest of the Y anomami.A. pick fruits and kill animals to eatB. use plants for food and medicineC have lived there for about ten thousand yearsD. made the roads and the airports3. Those people built roads and airports in order to .A. carry away the gold convenientlyB. make people there live a better lifeC. stop spreading the new diseasesD. develop the tourism(旅游) there4. Which of the following is wrong?A. The Penan people closed 15 roads with blockades to save their forests.B. The Penan people were cutting down the trees to sell the woodC. The Penan people didn't want other people to destroytheir forest D. Those who wanted to cut down the trees were stopped at the road blockades.5. In Panama, visitors have to before they enter the forest park of the Kuna people；A. buy Brazil nutsB. plants treesC. pay for the ticketsD. pay for the gold6. From the passage, we learn that .A. we need wood to build houses, so we have to cut down treesB. the rainforest people have done something to protecttheir home C to humans, gold is more important than treesD. we mustn't cut down any trees or kill any animalsII. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage(选择最恰当的单词或词语，完成短文。
年上海市中考英语试题及答案
2011年上海市中考英语试题（绝密）Part 2 Phonetics, V ocabulary and Grammar(第二部分语音、词汇和语法)1. Fill In the blanks with the proper words according to the phonetic transcriptions根据所给音标，写出适当的单词，填入空格内)：(共4分)1. It's too /dɑ:k/here. We can't take photos.2.?????? Guangzhou is located in the /sa?θ/of China.3.?? In the /'sent?/of Shanghai stands the History Museum4. Boys and girls, pick up the /'lit?/after the picnic, please.II. Fill in the blanks with the words in the box in their proper forms从方框内选出单词，用其适当形式填空。
每空格限填一词，每词限用一次)：(共5分)选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内)：(共15分)fun begin freeze engine clearly1.?????? Patrick is going to be a(n) when he grows.2.?? On a night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky.3.?????? Lucy looks in Mum's shoes.4.?????? In weather, the old had better stay at home.5.?? At the of this century, the APEC conferences were held successfully in ShanghaiIII. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内)：(共15分)1. Miss Brown will teach English next term.A us B. we C our D. ours2. The scientists from United States live in . , Ninth StreetA. the；theB. /, theC. /；/D. the；/3. Wushu is becoming more and more popular foreigners.A. amongB. forC. inD. to4. If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please teJl me phone.A. atB. by C on D. through.5. Cars, buses and bikes stop when the traffic lights change to red.A. canB. may C must D. need6. There are many new highrises on side of Huanni Road. What a magnificent view!A. eitherB. neither C both D. all7. The manager that the business would be worse after the stock(股票)went down.A. talkedB. told C said D. spoke,8. We'll have a holiday. What about going to the West Lake?A. two daysB. two-day C two-days D. two-days'9. Mr Smith thought the Century Park was the second in Shanghai.A large B. larger C largest D. very large10. Bob spends a lot of money on books he is not rich. !A. ifB. thoughC. whenD. because11. if the launch(发射)in 2005 is successful,China will be the third country its astronauts into space after Russia and the US.A. sendB. sendsC. sendingD. to send12. Yesterday morning I got up early be late for the exam.A. in order toB. in order to not C so as not to D. so as to13. I don't know Sam's telephone number. Will you please in your address book for me?.A. look up itB. look it up C look for it D. look at it14. The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, ?A. does itB. doesn't it C did it D. didn't it15. I'd like to know .A. when will he give back the tapeB. whether has he received higher educationC that he has been busyD. whether she will join in our English EveningIV. Fill In the blanks with the verbs in their proper forms(用所给动词的适当形式填空，每空格词数不限)：(共6分)1. A：Where (be)the Browns?B：They (go)to Canada for holidays.A：When they (come) back?B：In a month.2. Last Saturday, we (climb)Mount Tai to watch the sunrise, When we got to the top, the sun(rise). What a shame! There we (tell) to be earlier the next time.V. Rewrite the sentences as required(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)．(共10分)1. At the age of five, Martin weighed 25 kilos. (对画线部分提问)did Martin weigh at the age of five?2. The recitation was kind of boring and I liked the cross talk better. (保持原句意思)The recitation was boring and I preferred the cross talk.3. Sam's grandfather died 10 years ago. (保持原句意思)Sam's grandfather has been 10 years.4. Your dormitory is very bright (改成感叹句)your dormitory is!5. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs(分贝)here. ( 改成被动语态)The noise must under 50 dbs here,Part 3 Reading and Writing第三部分阅读和写话I. Reading Comprehension(阅读理解)：(共18分)(A)These two letters appeared in a newspaper. Both writers have their own ideas on zoos.Zoos Do a Good JobIt is good to keep animals in zoos. I know a lot of people think it is wrong to keep animals in zoos. However, I believe that zoos have many good points.Firstly, zoos are places for people to see many different kinds of animals from all over the world. Without zoos, most people would never see a real bear or tiger.Secondly, zoos look after the animals very well The animals are always given food and cleaned regularly (定期). In the wild, it is not always possible for an animal to find food, so sometimes it goes hungry/But animals kept in zoos never go hungry.Thirdly, zoos protect the animals they look after. They offer them safe places to live in. In the wild, some kinds of animals are in danger of becoming extinct(灭绝). But zoos give these animals a chance(机会)to live, Without zoos, there would be fewer kinds of animals in the worldMaria SmithZoos Are UnnaturalIn Maria's letter, she says that zoos are good for animals. I am afraid that zoos are not good for animals, they are only good for people.It is unnatural(land unfair to keep wild animals in cages(笼子). Most animals are kept in cages that are too small for them. In the wild, these animals would travel freely. In zoos, they can't do this. This is why the bears and tigers always look so sad.Most cages are not very clean either. It is true that zoos give the animals food regularly, but this is not natural Wild animals are used to looking for their own food. We should treat(对待)animals in the same way that we treat other people—with respectWould anyone be happy if you don't let him go outside his home? Would Maria like to have lots of people standing outside her flat looking at her? No, she wouldn't And animals don't like it either.Philip BlackTrue or False(判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示1. Maria and Philip have quite different ideas on keeping animals in zoos.2.?? In Maria's opinion(观点) , a real bear or tiger can only be seen in zoos.3.?????? Maria thinks that animals live better in zoos than in the wild.4.?? According to Philip, if cages are big and clean enough, tigers and bears will look happy.5.?? Maria and Philip both agree that zoos are good for people.6.?????? In the two letters, they are discussing how to make animals in zoos happy.(B)John Brown, an office worker, lives in Washington, He inherited(继承) $ 1,000, 000 when he was 23.He didn't feel happy at all His college friends were looking for their first jobs, but he didn’t have to. Johnfriends and gave $ 100, decided to keep living a simple life like everyone else. He didn’t tell any of his000 of his money to a charity(慈善团体)that helped poor children to live better lives. Today he is 36, thestill wears cheap shoes and clothes and owns a small car only, but he is much happier.Up to now John has helped 15 children from poor countries all over the world, $ 200 a month for each. The child does not receive the money in cash(现金). The money pays for the child's school expenses, food, medical care and clothing. John receives a report each year on the child's progress. They can write to each other, but usually the children do not speak English.When John first heard about these children, he wanted to help them. "It was not anything special, "he said. "Until I had the chance to go to these countries and meet the children I was helping, I did not know anything about the type of life they had"Once John went to meet a little girl in Africa. He said that the meeting was very exciting. "When I met her, I felt very very happy, " he said, "I saw that the money was used for a very good plan. It brought me closer to the child in a way that giving money alone cannot " "I want to do everything I can. I will go on helping those children in need, " he added.Questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题，不超过五个单词：1. What land of life is John living?He is living a ；.2.?? Did John want to look for a job or stay at home after he got the money?3.?? Does John only help the poor children in Africa?4.?????? The child receives the money in cash, doesn't he?5.?????? Why did John say that the meeting with the little girl was very exciting?Because he saw his money was well used and this made him .6. . How do you like John Brown?He i s(C)More than 50, 000, 000 people live in the rainforests of the world and most of them do not hurt theforest they live in They eat the fruits that grow on the forest trees, but they do not cut them down. They kill some animals to eat, but they do not destroy them.When we cut down the rainforests, we destroy these forest people, too. In 1900, there were 1, 000, 000 forest people in the Amazon forest In 1980, there were only 200, 000.The Yanomami live along the rivers of the rainforest in the north of Brazil(巴西). They have lived in the rainforest for about 10, 000 years and they use more than 2, 000 different plants for food and for medicine. But in 1988, someone found gold in their forest, and suddenly 45, 000 people came to the forest and began looking for gold They cut down the forest to make roads. They made more than a hundred airports. The Yanomami people lost land and food Many died because new diseases came to the forest with the strangers. The Yanomami people tried to save their forest, because it was their home. But the people who wanted gold were stronger.Many forest people try to save their forests. Chico Mendes was famous in Brazil because he wanted to keep the forest for his people. "I want the Amazon forest to help all of us—forest people, Brazil, and all the Earth, "he said A few months later, in December 1988, people who wanted to cut down the forest killed Chico Mendes.In Borneo, people were cutting down the forest of the Penan people to sell the wood The Penan people tried to save their rainforest They made blodtades(障碍) across the roads into the forest In 1987, they dosed fifteen roads for eight months. No one cut down any trees during that time.In Panama, the Kuna people saved their forest They made a forest park which tourists pay to visit.The Gavioes people of Brazil use the forest, but they protect it as well They find and sell the Btttflnuts(坚果) which grow on the forest trees,Choose the best answer根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示1. The number of the people living in the Amazon forest in 1980 was of that in 1900.A. halfB. one-third C two-fifths D. one-fifth2. The people who have destroyed the rainforest of the Yanomami.A. pick fruits and kill animals to eatB. use plants for food and medicineC have lived there for about ten thousand yearsD. made the roads and the airports3. Those people built roads and airports in order to .A. carry away the gold convenientlyB. make people there live a better lifeC. stop spreading the new diseasesD. develop the tourism(旅游) there4. Which of the following is wrong?A. The Penan people closed 15 roads with blockades to save their forests.B. The Penan people were cutting down the trees to sell the woodC. The Penan people didn't want other people to destroytheir forest D. Those who wanted to cut down the trees were stopped at the road blockades.5. In Panama, visitors have to before they enter the forest park of the Kuna people；A. buy Brazil nutsB. plants treesC. pay for the ticketsD. pay for the gold6. From the passage, we learn that .A. we need wood to build houses, so we have to cut down treesB. the rainforest people have done something to protecttheir home C to humans, gold is more important than treesD. we mustn't cut down any trees or kill any animals选择最恰当的单词或词语，完成短文。
中学生科普英语竞赛(高中)初赛、复赛、决赛模拟试卷
中学生科普英语竞赛（高中）初赛模拟试卷Part I Science knowledge （15分）Directions: Complete each of the statements with the most appropriate choice given below and draw the letter on the ANSWER SHEET.1.B2.C3. A4. B5.A6.D7.C8. B9. D 10. D 11.A12. B 13. B 14. A 15. BPart II Vocabulary and Structure（15分）Directions: Fill in each of the blanks with the most appropriate choice given below and draw the letter on the ANSWER SHEET.1.D2.C3. A4.A5.B6.D7.B8.C9.D 10.A 11.C 12.A13.C 14.B 15.APart III Cloze Test （20分）Directions: Complete the text with the correct answers from the choices given below and draw the chosen letters on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 11.A2.C3.C4.B5.D6.C7.A8.D9.B 10.BPassage 211.A 12.D 13.D 14.D 15.A 16.B 17.D 18.C 19.B 20.CPart IV Reading Comprehension （50分）Section ADirections: There are three passages in this section. Read each passage carefully and answer the following questions with the only right choice given below each statement. Write the chosen letter on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 11. B2.C3.D4.B5.APassage 26.C7.D8.C9.A10.CPassage 311.C 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.DSection BDirections：Read the five paragraphs below. Choose the MOST proper heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below. Write down the corresponding letters on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not use any letter more than once.Passage 416.E 17.D 18.A 19.C 20.B.Passage 5Directions：Fill in each gap with the most appropriate one from the 6 choices given below the passage. For each gap from21-25, mark one letter (A-F) on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not use any letter more than once.21. E 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C(文章中未划线)中学生科普英语竞赛（高中）复赛模拟试卷PART I（30分）Section A: Short Passages（10分）1. D2. A3. B4. D5. C6. B7. A8. C9. D 10. A听力材料Passage 1Elephants are the largest living land animals on Earth today. Three species of elephant are recognized: the African bush elephant, the African forest elephant and the Indian or Asian elephant.Elephants live in a structured social order. The social lives of male and female elephants are very different. The females spend their entire lives in tightly knit family groups made up of mothers, daughters, sisters, and aunts. In elephant society, the females are in charge. The oldest and most experienced female leads the herd. It’s the leader’s job to protect the herd.A female will usually be ready to breed around the age of thirteen. After atwenty-two-month pregnancy, the mother gives birth to a single calf that weighs about 115 kg A female elephant will have a single baby every 4 or 5 years.Elephants spend up to 16 hours a day eating plants. They are primarily browsers, feeding on the leaves, bark and fruits of trees and shrubs. A baby elephant starts to eat plants during the second year. All members of the herd watch over the baby. Since the baby is too weak to travel during the first days, the herd will stay with it until it can keep up.Young elephants are playful and love to wrestle and tumble in the mud. They learn by exploring and imitating members of their herd.Questions:1. Who are in charge in elephant society?2. What’s the role of the oldest and the most experienced females?3. Which numbers of the herd look over the baby?4. How many babies does a mother elephant give every 4 or 5 years?5. At what age can a baby elephant start to eat plants?Passage 2Bats have a reputation for being scary, but they actually do a lot of good--especially for farmers. They love to eat insects, the way you probably love cookies or ice cream. One insect that bats will swallow quickly in large quantities is the corn-eating insect, which costs American corn and cotton growers about $2 billion a year to control and in crop losses.A team of researchers in Texas have been studying one kind of bat, called the Mexican free-tailed bat, that has a big appetite. According to them, a million of these bats can eat nearly 10 tons of insects in just one night.In early June, billions of corn-eating insects emerge along the border of Texas and Mexico. Some of them feed on cotton after feasting on southern corn, while others travel northward to swallow their way through mid-western corn, cotton, and other field crops.Cotton and corn farmers are controlling the harmful insects mostly by spraying their crops with insect-killing chemicals. But the researchers are looking for cheaper and more environmentally friendly ways to control the damaging insects. They think that bats could help farmers reduce the numbers of the insects chewing on their corn crop and their profits.In studies to confirm the bats' appetite for the damaging insects, Dr. McCracken and Dr. Westbrook attached radio-microphones to hydrogen-filled balloons. While the balloons were drifting 2,500 feet above the ground, the microphones picked up the high-frequency sounds of bats searching for and feeding on those insects. Now, if more farmers built bat houses instead of bird houses, there might be a big reduction in corn and cotton eating insects!Questions:6. Why does the author say bats do a lot of good ?7. Which of the following about corn-eating insects is true?8. By what means are American cotton and corn farmers controlling the damaging insects?9. Why did the two scientists attach radio microphone to the balloons?10. What is the main idea of the passage?Section B: Compound Dictation (10分，B9-B10题目中，单词拼错每2个扣0.5分，扣完为止，不倒扣分)B1(0.5分): dailyB2(0.5分): occurB3(0.5分): averageB4(0.5分): rollB5(0.5分): musclesB6(0.5分): predominatingB7(0.5分): consciousnessB8(2分): You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long.B9（2分）: your brain activity level will increase again slightlyB10（2.5分）: This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some 8 to 15 minutes and is called REM sleep.附听力原文：Sleep is part of a person's daily activity cycle. There are several different stages of sleep, and they occur in cycles. If you are an average sleeper, your sleep cycle is as follows. When you first drift off into slumber, your eyes will roll about a bit, your temperature will drop slightly, your muscles will relax, and your breathing will slow and become quite regular. Your brain waves slow down a bit too, with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves predominating for the first few minutes. This is called stage 1sleep. For the next half hour or so, as you relax more and more, you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep. The lower your stage of sleep, the slower your brain waves will be. Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose consciousness you will have reached the deepest sleep of all. Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 sleep.You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long. Instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your brain activity level will increase again slightly. The delta rhythm will disappear, to be replaced by the activity pattern of brain waves. Your eyes will begin to dart around under your closed eyelids as if you were looking at something occurring in front of you. This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some 8 to 15 minutes and is called REM sleep. It is during REM sleep period, your body will soon relax again, your breathing will grow slow and regular once more, and you will slip gently back from stage 1 to stage 4 sleep - only to rise once again to the surface of near consciousness some 80 minutes later.Section C: Translation Through Listening （共10分，错别字酌情扣分）参考译文：C1 Black holes can be best described as a sort of vacuum, sucking up everything in space. 对黑洞最好的描述是它像一种吸尘器，把宇宙中所有的东西尽收囊中。
2011年全国中学生英语能力竞赛(NEPCS)初赛初一年级组试题参考答案
2011年全国中学生英语能力竞赛(NEPCS)初赛初一年级组试题参考答案听力部分I援Sentences（句子理解）（共5小题；每小题1 分，计5 分）1—5 BBDCCII援Responses（问句应答）（共5小题；每小题1 分，计5 分）6—10 BACABIII援Dialogues（对话理解）（共10小题；每个小题1分，计10 分）11—15 AABAC 16—20 BCADEIV援Passages（短文理解）（共10小题；每小题1 分，共计10 分）A）21—25 ABBACB）26. really 27. every 28. is 29. give 30. eat笔试部分I援Multiple-choice（选择填空）（共15小题；每小题1 分，计15 分）31—35 CDBBC 36—40 BAACA 41—45 ADBCBII援Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共15小题；选择题5 小题，每小题1 分；非选择题10 小题，每小题2分；共计25 分）46-50 CADBB51. their school trip52. at the zoo53. 954. at school55. 5, the zoo ticket56. It’s a kind of noodle made from wheat.57.BritainandAmerica58.ThailandandIndia59. TheUSA60. Chinese food.III援Cloze（完形填空）（共15小题；每小题1分，计15 分）A. 61. a lot 62. are 63. for 64. to 65. computers- - 1 -- 2 -66. look 67. in this way 68. song 69. how to 70. aboutB. 71. can 72. help 73. doing 74. with 75. atIV援Sentence pastern transformation（句式转换）（共5 小题；每小题2分，计10 分）76. He doesn’t have 6 volleyballs./He hasn’t 6 volleyballs77. Where are his keys?78. Do you have a baseball bat?79. How much are these books?80. Jack can play the drum but he can’t play the guitar.V. Translation（翻译）（共5小题；每小题2 分，计10 分）81. How much is this book?82. She often listens to music at school.83. He is a new friend of mine.84. This coat is the same as that one.85. There is a desk and two chairs in the room.VI援Sentences formation（连词成句）（共5小题；每小题1分，计5 分）86. The dictionary is under the table.87. Can you tell me where my watch 蚤泽?88. I think I need a math book.89. Is it on the floor over there?90. His family photo is in the book.VII援Dialogue completion（补全对话）（共5小题；每小题2 分，计10 分）91—95 DFAGCVIII援IQ（智力测试）（共计5 小题；每小题1分，计5 分）96. play 97. 25 98. Can you turn volume the down? 99. *-:&100.IX. Writing（写作）（共2 小题；A题满分10分，B 题满分15 分，计25 分）（作文写在答题纸上）A) One Possible Version:Jim：Hello, Jo, this picture is my room. Jo: There’re so many things.Jim: Look, there’s an apple and an orange on the table. Jo: There’s only one shoe on the floor. Where is the other one? Jim: Sorry, I don’t know. I think I must tidy my room. Jo: You are right.B) One Possible Version:Mike’s school has many activities in December. The English evening is on December 6th. Mary’s birthday is onDecember 8th. There is a football game on December 10th. The English speech contest is on December 11th.The Art Festival is on December 13th. Mike wants to take part in the English speech contest. He must practicenow. Best wishes for him.一、评分原则：员援本题总分为: A）10 分；B）15分。
上海科普英语竞赛试题
上海科普英语竞赛试题Section A: Multiple Choice Questions1. What does the word "science" mean in Chinese?a) 科学b) 社科c) 自然科学d) 科学技术2. Who is considered the father of modern physics?a) Isaac Newtonb) Albert Einsteinc) Galileo Galileid) Nikola Tesla3. What is a hypothesis?a) A scientific theoryb) An educated guessc) A proven factd) An observation4. Which of the following is NOT a scientific method?a) Observationb) Experimentationc) Deductiond) Speculation5. What is the SI unit for measuring temperature?a) Kelvinb) Celsiusc) Fahrenheitd) NewtonSection B: True or False1. The earth is the center of the universe.2. Inertia is the resistance of an object to a change in its state of motion.3. All living organisms require oxygen for survival.4. Sound travels faster in air than in water.5. The theory of evolution was proposed by Charles Darwin.Section C: Short Answer Questions1. Define the term "photosynthesis."2. Name three renewable sources of energy.3. What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?4. Explain the concept of gravity.5. Give an example of an element and a compound.Section D: EssayWrite an essay (at least 500 words) discussing the importance of science in our daily lives. Include examples of how science has improved human life and advanced society.。
初中学生科普英语竞赛_模拟题1
初中学生科普英语竞赛(请把你选中的答案 A、B、C 或 D 做在答题卡或答题纸的规定位置上。
)PART I Science Knowledge (15 分)Directions: There is only one correct answer. Mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. When the ants are first hatched, they are very small and _____.A. hopelessB. uselessC. helplessD. legless2. That new experiment building _____ an area of 5000 square meters.A. includesB. holdsC. takesD. covers3. People should get _____ of sleep as they need to feel rested.A. as many hoursB. as much hoursC. so much hourD. so many hour4. The phenomenon of luck is not all down to chance, but is affected by a person’s_____disposition.A. generalB. gentleC. generousD. giant5. The age of fossils can be found by a process _____ carbon dating.A. being calledB. calledC. callingD. to call6. Suddenly the battery on your mobile phone has _____, you can’t make any call for help.A. run downB. run afterC. run offD. run out7. When a plant or animal dies, the carbon 14 in the cells begins to _____.A. break inB. break throughC. break upD. break down8. There is no proof that _____ sleep will _____ life.A. short… lengthB. shorten… lengthC. shortened … lengthenD. shortening … lengthen9. The project team believes such computer would _____in teaching and learning.A. play a major functionB. perform a main functionC. play a major roleD. display a main role10. Once a heart disease has seriously weakened a patient’s heart, heart _____ can beperformed to save his life.A. transplants C. translationsB. transportation D. transforms11. When readers were asked _____ animals should be used for medical research, nearly80 percent said yes.A. whichB. whatC. whereD. whether12. Feelings of pain _____ when signals from nerve endings in the skin are sent to thebrain.A. recordB. resourceC. resultD. rescue13. The scientist performed his experiment over and over again, ______ till midnight.A. workedB. workingC. to workD. have to work14. Fourteen boys in the class shaved their heads after learning that their friend would losehis hair after receiving drug _____ for cancer.A. tradesB. treatmentsC. treasuresD. tracks15. The government passed the laws to protect the plants and animals on the _____ specieslist.A. endangeredB. dangerousC. endangeringD. danger PART II Grammar & Vocabulary (15 分)Directions: There is only one correct answer for each sentence. Mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. More and more foreigners want to _______their companies in Zhejiang.A. clean upB. look upC. pick upD. open up17. Can I ______your dictionary? --Sony, I'm using it.A. borrowB. lendC. keepD. return18. _______ me carefully, boys and girls. Can you _____ me clearly.9A. Listen to, hear fromB. Hear, listen toC. Hear, hearD. Listen to, hear19. Let the children go away. They're making to much _______ here.A. noiseB. voiceC. soundsD. songs20. The students put down their pens when the teacher_____ them to stop writing.A. saidB. spokeC. toldD. talked21. He ________ living in the country to the city.A. likesB. prefersC. enjoysD. loves22. Many girls like __________ skirts in summer.A. wearingB. dressingC. inD. putting on23 If you don' t know a word, you can ________ the word in a dictionary.A. look upB. look downC. look overD. look out24 Mr Li would like to _________ us an interesting story.A. tellB. talkC. sayD. speak25. _________ alway the old books and __________ me that new one.A. Bring, bringB. Bring, takeC. Take, takeD. Take, bring26. -- I' m going to school now, Mum, Bye.-- Just a minute. It's cold outside, _________ your coat, please.A. Put onB. Take offC. Put upD. Take down27. It is better to teach a man to fish than ________ him fish.A. to giveB. givingC. to findD. finding28. This TV set is too loud, will you please _________?A. turn down itB. turn it downC. to turn it downD. to turn down it29. It will be warmer tomorrow. The temperature will _________ again.A. fall belowB. go upC. stay aboveD. keep on30. Dick isn't here. He _________ the cinema.A. has gone toB. has been toC. has been awayD. has been withPART III Cloze (完形填空) (20 分)Passage 1A new study has shown that mosquitoes can carry AIDS viruses in their bodies for a few days, but the insects do not seem to spread the virus.In an 31 , mosquitoes that fed on blood 32 with the AIDS virus were later found to have the virus in their bodies. 33 , the mosquitoes did not seem to pass 34 the virus to a sample of uninfected blood when the mosquitoes fed on that sample. Similar experiments 35 recently in South Africa have 36 the same results.The AIDS virus can stay in a mosquito for two or three days, 37 to the experiment. While in the mosquito, the virus does not multiply. Thus, the mosquito might be viewed 38 a momentary flying syringe, that probably carries 39 too little AIDS virus to 40 the infection.31. A. experience B. experiment C. example D. explanation32. A. to infect B. infect C. infecting D. infected33. A. However B. Moreover C. Therefore D. Besides34. A. on B. by C. off D. for35. A. concluded B. combined C. conducted D. concentrated36. A. processed B. produced C. progressed D. promoted37. A. according B. due C. owing D. similar38. A. to B. like C. for D. as39. A. still B. even C. far D. much40. A. slow B. spread C. speed D. stopPassage 2All the useful energy at the surface of the earth comes from the activity of the sun. The sun heats and 41 mankind. Each year it provides men 42 two hundred million tons of grain and nearly ten million tons of wood.Coal, oil, 43 gas, and all other fuels are stored-up energy 44 the sun. Some was collected by this season’s plants as carbon compounds (碳化合物). Some was stored by plants and trees ages 45 .Even waterpower comes from the sun. Water 46 into vapor by the sun falls as rain. It flows down the mountains and is converted to electric power.Light transmits only the energy 47 comes from the sun ’s outer layers, and 48 of this energy that is directly toward the earth never arrives. About 49 of it is absorbed by the atmosphere of the earth. 50 , the earth itself gets only one half-billionth of the sun ’s entire output of radiant energy.41. A. warms B. feeds C. fuels D. supplies42. A. for B. by C. with D. to43. A. native B. neat C. natural D. normal44. A. from B. by C. at D. in45. A. before B. after C. ever D. ago46. A. turned B. was turned C. turning D. turns47. A. and B. that C. when D. where48. A. a number B. more C. many D. much49. A. ninths-ten B. ninth-tens C. nine-tenths D. nines-tenth50. A. In use B. In fact C. In addition D. In operationPART IVReading Comprehension ( 阅读理解) (40 分)Passage 1Language isn’t the only sign of animal intelligence. A Canadian psychologist, D r. David Sherry, has studied the remarkable memory of nutcracker, a bird that stores food ，mostly pine seeds, in tiny caches, or holes, in the ground. A native of western North America, one nutcracker makes 100 to 200 separate caches every day in the fall and winter. When spring arrives, the bird returns to these caches to eat the seeds.Dr. Sherry says that months after burying the seeds, the birds remember exactly where they stored them. They fly directly to the holes with no need to hunt and peck.“These birds have a highly specialized spatial memory --- it’s amazing,”says Dr. Sherry.Dr. Sherry says that memory in many animals is associated with an area in the brain called the hippocampus. He found that food-storing birds have a larger hippocampus than birds that don’t store food. Hippocampus damage is one sign of Alzheimer’s disease, a brain degenerative disease marked by a failing memory.51. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Some kinds of birds have excellent memory.B. How birds store food in the ground.C. How birds find their stored food.D. Why birds like to bury seeds in the ground.52. Nutcracker is a kind of bird that _____.A. stores seeds in the groundB. sings very nicelyC. flies to north in winter daysD. works diligently53. When spring arrives, the bird _____.A. returns from northB. flies back to find the stored foodC. starts to build its new homeD. becomes busy in collecting seeds54. According to Dr. Sherry, if one ’s hippocampus is hurt, he may_____ .A. lose his ability to talkB. become very forgetfulC. die very soonD. become easy to get angry55. The phrase“associated with”in the last paragraph has the same meaning as_____?A. “linked to ”B.“covered with ”C. “located at ”D. “stored in ”Passage 2Gordon was a 25-year-old science teacher in 1966 when he bought a brand-new car Volvo P1800. Today, Gordon, now retired, still owns the same Volvo. Last March, he put the 2 millionth mile on the car.Gordon’s vehicle hit the big 2 million at a TV ceremony held in Times Square in New York City.To what does Gordon owe his car’s very long life?“Volvos are very strong cars,”he said.“Also, I drive sensibly. And I take very good care of the car.”Gordon changes the oil every 3,000 miles; uses only the same brand of oil; changes the spark plugs (火花塞) every 20,000 miles; washes the car regularly; waxes it at least twice a year; and spends a few minutes each week checking under the hood (车篷), among other things.“Being a science teacher, I have a better idea of the ways things work, ”he said.Gordon says the vehicle still has many of its original parts. But many parts, such as the starter motor, the brakes (刹车) , and the water pump, have been rebuilt or replaced.Gordon’s 2 million miles on the road have taken him almost everywhere in the United States, as well as to Canada, Mexico, and Europe.“Whether I drive 3 million is more up to me than it is the car,”he said.“The car’s parts may be able to take it, but I’m not so sur e about my own.”56. From the passage we can guess that _____.A. it’s very rare for a car to drive two million milesB. the story has been written to introduce a new carC. there were a car show at the New York City’s Times SquareD. no accidents have ever taken place with Gordon’s car67. The main cause of the car’s long life lies in _____.A. Gordon’s careful serviceB. Gordon’s special knowledge of carsC. the excellent quality of the carD. the good quality of the oil he uses68. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. All the parts of Gordon’s car have been replace d.B.Some of the car’s parts can last even longer time.C. Volvo cars are stronger than Japanese ones.D. Science teachers can usually keep their cars longer.69. Gordon has driven his Volvo _____.A. all over the worldB. both home and abroadC. mostly around the town he lives inD. on both American continents70. By the last two sentences Gordon wants to say that _____.A. he’s no longer as strong as he was youngB. his car may survive for no less than ten yearsC. he worries much about his carD. he’ll try hard to reach the goal of 3 million mile sPassage 3Last summer, 16-year-old Andrea Axtell read an interesting article in the papers: A family had walked aimlessly in an Arizona desert after their car broke down. Family members said they felt as if they’d walked in circles for hours before help arrived. That detail attracted Andrea’s interest.“Wit hout a compass or specific landmarks, do people who get lost end up walking in circles?” she wondered.“And if they do, why?”These simple questions fueled Andrea’s 10 th-grade science project. Hungry for answers, she went to the library to conduct background research. Among many facts, she discovered that several body organs control direction and movement. For example:1 Eyes allow people to see their route.1Structures in the middle ear affect a person’s sense of balance.1 The brain controls whether a person’s right side or left side is dominant(主导的) ,or exerts more control.“Studies of runners’strides (步态) show that the dominant foot pushes off with a greater force, which pushes the runner slightly right or left,”she explains.Armed with this information, Andrea started an experiment to test whether people who don’t know where they’re going end up walking in circles. And several months later, that experiment got a prize at the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF) !71. The aim of Andrea’s research is to find _____.A. why people walk in circlesB. why runners usually run in circlesC. whether lost people walk in circlesD. how can lost people find their place72. From where did Andrea get her idea to do her 10-grade science project?A. From her textbook.B. From a news report.C. From a science report.D. From an experiment.73. Andrea found from her research that the most important organ controlling direction is_____.A. the brainB. the middle earC. the eyesD. Both eyes and middle ear74. Andrea’s research concludes that people who don’t know where they’re going are in th ehabit of walking _____.A. leftwardsB. rightwardsC. either left or rightD. neither left nor right75. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. If you are lost in a desert, you’d better stay where you ar e.B. One’s middle ear is the only organ to keep him in balance.C. Lost people can hardly find their way without a compass.D.The force made by one’s two feet is different when on e walks.Passage 4Tears are nature’s way of making us feel more comfortable . When our eyes are made uncomfortable by some small pieces of pollution, or when we are cutting onions, or whenwe are tired and“red-eyes”from overwork a t late hours, tears form in our eyes to clean and refresh them.Tears are also a sign of strong emotion. We cry when we are sad and we cry when we are happy.And tears seem to be unique to human. We know that animals also experience emotion—fear, pleasure, loneliness —but they do not shed tears. From this we can conclude that tears are closely related to the emotional and biological make-up of the human species.Biologically speaking, tears are actually drops of a slightly salty fluid, produced by a gland (腺) in the body.Because salt is an important component (成分) , tears may actually make up the most conclusive evidence that the human animal is the end product of a long evolutionary (进化的) process that began in the sea.And it is clear, that, in addition to the emotional benefits, the shedding of tears has a specific biological function as well. Through tears, we can eliminate from our body certain chemicals which build up in response to stress and create a chemical imbalance in the body. Crying actually makes us feel better by correcting that imbalance and making us feel good again. And thus the emotional and the biological functions of tears mix into one and make us even more“human”than we would otherwise be .76. According to the passage, human beings may have first formed in .A. the seaB. lakesC. riversD. mountains77. Which of the following functions have nothing to do with tears?A. Biological functionB. Emotional functionC. Physical functionD.Chemical function78. According to the article, which of the following is unique to humans?A. The feeling of loneliness.B. The ability of evolution.C. The ability to shed tears.D. The feeling of fear.79. The word“eliminate”in the last paragraph most probably mean s .A. escapeB. produceC. replaceD. remove80. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?A. Tears are a sign of strong emotion.B. Tears are always making us feel more comfortable.C. Tears are unique to human.D. Tears have certain biological function.。