国际结算第4讲 托收
国际结算--托收
第二节 托收结算的风险控制
一、托收方式的特点 （一）比汇款方式安全 付款及交单方式的变化使得进出口双方的安全性均有所提高。 （二）结算基础仍然是商业信用 出口商能否按期收回货款,完全取决于进口商的资信；进口商 付款或承兑之后，凭单提取的货物可能与合同不符。总体上 看，出口商的收款风险较大。 （三）资金负担仍不平衡 进口商付款之前，货物占压资金都是出口商承担。 （四）比汇款的手续多、费用稍高。
D．拒付时是否需做拒绝证书:委托 人在委托代理合同中应对遭到拒绝 承兑或拒绝付款时是否需做成拒绝 证书给予明确指示。根据银行惯例 ，在委托人没有指示必须做成拒绝 证书时，银行没有义务在拒付时做 拒绝证书。
E．拒付后货物处理的方式:理想的处理方式 是出口商能在进口当地找到买主就地将货物 售出；如果出口商在进口地有可靠的代理人 ，他可以在汇票上记载预备付款人以应急； 如果没有前述的两种可能性时，委托人应在 托收申请书中明确指示银行，如发生拒付， 在货物到达进口地后立即办理货物的提货、 存仓和保险。
国际结算
托收
第一节 概述
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一、托收的含义 根据《托收统一规则》（URC522）规定：
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托收是指由收到托收指示的银行根据所收 到的指示处理金融票据和商业单据 以便取得付 款/承兑。
通俗地说法，也即托收是债权人（出口人）出 具债权凭证委托银行向债务人（进口人）收取 货款的一种支付方式。
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二、托收的基本当事人及其责任
托收流程图（教材P53）
委托人 （出口商）
付款人 （进口商）
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6 5
4
3
托收行 （出口方银行）
2
代收行 （进口方银行
托收业务基本流程图
（二）各当事人的基本责任
国际结算托收课件
THANKS
商业发票是托收银行审核交易背 景和交货情况的重要依据，也是
进口商清关和纳税的凭证。
在托收业务中，商业发票的准确 性和完整性对于保障交易双方的
权益至关重要。
运输单据
运输单据是证明货物运输情况 和货物所有权的重要单据，包 括海运提单、空运单和铁路运 单等。
运输单据上应注明货物的详细 信息，如货物名称、数量、重 量、体积、装运日期等。
防范欺诈风险的措施包括：核实交易方信息、检查单据真实 性、使用安全的支付方式、及时报告可疑行为等。同时，应 了解当地法律法规，寻求法律援助，维护自身合法权益。
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国际结算托收中的单据
商业发票
商业发票是托收业务中的重要单 据之一，它详细列出了买卖双方 之间的交易条款和条件，包括商 品描述、数量、单价、总价等。
代收行需对单据进行审核，确保单据符 合托收条件和惯例。
代收行需确保单据安全、及时地送达付 款行，并通知付款行有关付款或拒绝付
款的情况。
付款行的责任与义务
付款行负责根据代收 行的指示，按照托收 条件和惯例进行付款 。
付款行需确保付款及 时、准确地到达代收 行或委托人指定的账 户。
付款行需对单据进行 审核，确保单据符合 托收条件和惯例。
特点
托收是一种商业信用结算方式，银行仅作为中介，不承担付款责任；托收具有 灵活性和方便性，适用于各种贸易结算；托收风险较高，需谨慎使用。
托收的种类
跟单托收
附有货运单据的托收，分为付款 交单（D/P）和承兑交单（D/A） 两种。
光票托收
不附货运单据，仅凭汇票或发票 等单据进行托收。
托收的优势与不足
托收银行通常会要求出口商提 供正本运输单据作为交货证明 ，以便进口商清关和提货。
第四章国际结算方式之二——托收
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案例：有三笔业务，付款方式为：
D/P见票30天。D/A见票30天。
D/P见票30天，凭信托收据借取单据。
以上三笔业务，国外客户均于8月1日办理了除 付款以外的各项手续，问各可在何日取得货运 单据？
在8月31日前（包括当天）付清货款后。
8月1日，8月1日借得货运单据
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(5)如遇付款人拒付，除非托收指示另有规定，代收行应在法 定期限内作成拒绝证书，并及时将拒付情况通知托收行。
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委托人 （出口商）
(1)发货
付款人 （进口商）
(7)结汇
(2)光票和 托收申请书
(4)提示 光票
(5)付款或 承兑
托收行
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(3)托收委托书和光票 (6)付款(贷记通知)
进
口 支付委托书---我行授权你行借记我行账户 代
收
行
借记报单---你行账户已被借记
账户行
出 口 托 收 行
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3、当托收行在代收行之间没有开立账户时，托收行 在国外X银行开立账户时，代收行将收妥款项汇交X 银行，贷记托收行账户
账户行
OC/collection advice---please
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（二）主要内容：
1、托收的交单条件。 2、票款收妥后代收行汇交托收款的方式。 信汇（M/T）或电汇（T/T）。 3、关于远期付款交单是否委托国外代收行代为存
仓、保险。
4、银行费用如何处理。
一般是贸易双方各自负担本国银行的费用。但应 明确是否如果付款人不支付代收行的费用提示行 就不得交单。
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4567 8 代收行/提示行
第四章传统结算方式——托收
4、 代收银行与付款人之间的关系
代收银行与付款人之间并不存在契约 关系。付款人对代收银行应否付款，完全 根据他与委托人之间所订立的契约义务而 决定，即以委托人提供的单据足以证明委 托人已履行了买卖合同义务为前提。
2、商业单据托收 指托收单据中仅有发票、运输单据、保险单等，而不附 有汇票等金融单据。有些国家规定汇票必须贴有按税法 要求的印花税才有效，因此一些出口商为避免印花税负 担，在委托办理即期付款的托收时不用汇票，只交货运 单据。
跟单托收的种类
1、付款交单(Documents against payment，简称 D/P) 出口商在装运货物并交付单据，在通过托收 行与代收行办理托收时，要求买方付清货款后银 行才交付单据。 特点是先付款后交单，出口商的交单以进口 商的付款为条件，直到付款人付款之前，代表货 物所有权的货运单据始终掌握在银行手中，也就 是说出口商仍然掌握着对货物的支配权，所以风 险较小。按付款时间的不同，付款交单又有即期 和远期之分。
托收当事人的关系
1、委托人与付款人之间的关系 委托人与付款人在国际贸易买卖交易中， 分别为出口商与进口商。他们之间的关系 是买卖关系。
2、 委托人与托收行之间的关系 委托人与托收行之间的关系是委托代理关 系。两者关系的依据是托收申请书 (Collection Application)。
3、 托收银行与代收银行之间的关系
5、代收行提示。代收行填制代收通知书，与汇票、商业单据一并交付款 人(进口商)作提示。如果是即期汇票，作付款提示；如果是远期汇票， 作承兑提示。
6、进口商赎单。进口商收到代收行的代收通知后，即到银行验核单据。 ①在即期付款交单条件下，进口商验单无误即付款，向代收行赎单。 ②在远期付款交单条件下，进口商验单无误即承兑汇票交还代收行， 俟付款日到时，代收行再向付款人提示，付款人当即付款赎单。③在 承兑交单条件下，进口商验单无误即承兑汇票赎单。
学习情景四 国际结算—托收
单元二 《托收统一规则》
一、《托收统一规 则》的产生与发展
二、 《托收统一规 则》的主要内容
（1）由于任何信息、信件或单据在寄送途中 延误或丢失；
示行事，银行对在托收过程中遇到的一切风险、开 支费用、意外事故等均不负责，这些概由委托人承 担。
单元二 《托收统一规则》
一、《托收统一规 则》的产生与发展
二、 《托收统一规 则》的主要内容
（二）银行的义务与责任 银行的责任就是按照托收委托书的指示行事，
如果无法照办，应立即通知委托的一方。在接受委 托时，银行必须核实所收到的单据与托收委托书所 列单据是否表面一致，如有不符或者遗漏，应立即 通知委托人，银行没有义务审单。对下列情况银行 不承担义务和责任。
如果付款人对代收行提示的汇票拒付（拒绝承 兑或拒绝付款）
单元一 托收的概述
一、托收的定义
二、托收的当事 人
三、托收当事人 的责任和义务
四、托收的种类 及业务流程
当货物到达目的港后就可能会因无人照料而受 损，为避免这种情况发生，出口商可以在付款地事 先指定一个代理人，在拒付时，为其办理货物运出 目的港时所有有关货物存仓、保险、重新议价、转 售或运回等事宜。
票款的一方就是付款人，也是商务合同中的债务人， 即进口商。
单元一 托收的概述
一、托收的定义
二、托收的当事 人
三、托收当事人 的责任和义务
四、托收的种类 及业务流程
（二）托收的其他当事人 1. 提示行（Presenting bank）
提示行是向付款人提示单据的银行，也称交单 行。一般情况下是由代收行担当。 2. 需要时的代理（Principal’s representative in case of need）
《国际结算托收》课件
托收业务的操作步骤
详细介绍国际托收业务的步骤 和流程，包括托收指令的出具、 通知行的接受和处理等。
分步讲解国际托收业务的操作 要点，包括相关单证的准备和 提交等关键环节。
托收单证的准备与提交
介绍托收业务中所需准备和提 交的各类单证，确保学员全面 了解相关要求。
国际结算业务流程
结算业务的基本流程
深入解析国际结算业务的基 本流程，包括收付汇的程序、 资金清算和交割等重要步骤。
结算业务的操作步骤
详细讲解国际结算业务的操 作要点，包括资金结算、账 户核对和业务记录等关键环 节。
结算单证的准备与提交
介绍结算业务中பைடு நூலகம்需准备和 提交的各类单证，确保学员 全面了解相关要求。
常见问题与风险防范
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托收业务中的常见问题
剖析国际托收业务中常见的问题和挑战，提供解决方案和风险防范策略。
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结算
托收的定义和特点
深入解析托收业务的概念、特点和基本要素，帮助学员理解托收的核心概念。
结算的定义和特点
详细讲解结算业务的定义、特点和相关要素，帮助学员熟悉结算业务的基本概念。
托收与结算的联系和区别
对比托收和结算业务，分析二者的共同点和不同之处，帮助学员理清二者的关系。
国际托收业务流程
托收业务的基本流程
探讨国际结算业务中的常见问题，分析潜在风险并提供应对措施，确保学员能够 在实际操作中做出准确决策。
《国际结算托收》PPT课 件
本课程致力于介绍国际结算托收的基本概念和业务流程，帮助学员全面了解 托收与结算的联系和区别，并掌握国际托收和结算业务的操作要点和风险防 范措施。
课程介绍
本节课程将介绍《国际结算托收》PPT课件的内容和目标，适用对象以及课程 内容概述，为学员提供一个整体了解课程的框架。
国际结算案例——托收
案例1 托收单据丢失责任划分案案情：山东A公司于X年4月11日出口欧盟B国果仁36吨，金额32100美元,付款方式为D/P AT SIGHT。
A公司于4月17日填写了托收委托书并交单至我国Z银行, Z银行于4月19日通过DHL邮寄到B国W银行托收。
5月18日，A公司业务员小李突然收到外商邮件，说货物已经到达了港口，询问单据是否邮寄，代收行用的哪一家。
小李急忙联系托收行，托收行提供了DHL号码，并传真了邮寄单留底联。
小李立即发送传真给外商，并要求外商立即联系W银行。
第二天客户回复说银行里没有此套单据。
A公司领导十分着急，小李质疑托收行没有尽到责任，托收行业务主管不同意A公司的观点，双方言辞激烈。
压力之下，托收行于5月20日和5月25日两次发送加急电报。
W银行于5月29日回电报声称“我行查无此单”。
但W银行所在地的DHL提供了已经签收的底联，其上可以清楚看到签收日期和W银行印章。
A公司传真给了客户并请转交代收行。
然而，W 银行不再回复。
外商却于6月2日告诉小李，B国市场行情下跌，必须立即补办提单等单据，尽快提货，否则还会增加各种占港费等，后果将很严重。
重压之下，A公司于6月4日电汇400元相关机构挂失FORMA证书，同时派人到商检局开始补办植物检疫证等多种证书。
困难的是补提单，船公司要求A公司存大额保证金到指定帐户（大约是出口发票额的2倍），存期12个月，然后才能签发新的提单。
6月9日代收行突然发送电报称“丢失单据已经找到，将正常托收”。
此刻，无论A公司还是托收行都长出了一口气，这的确是皆大欢喜的结果，不幸中的万幸。
然而这个事件让A公司乱成一团，花费和损失已经超过本次出口预期利润。
分析：根据《托收统一规则》第4条明确规定，“与托收有关的银行，对由于任何通知、信件或单据在寄送途中发生延误和（或）失落所造成的一切后果，或对电报、电传、电子传送系统在传送中发生延误、残缺和其他错误，或对专门性术语在翻译上和解释上的错误，概不承担义务或责任。
国际结算方式-托收方式
二、托收的分类（一） 托收的分类（
（一）、光票托收（CLEAN COLLECTION） ）、光票托收（ COLLECTION） 光票托收
光票托收是指不附带商业单据的金融单据的托收。 光票托收是指不附带商业单据的金融单据的托收。 包括： ）、金融单据的托收 包括： 1）、金融单据的托收 2）、仅附商业发票而不包括运输单据的托收 ）、仅附商业发票而不包括运输单据的托收 3）、其他债务凭证的托收 ）、其他债务凭证的托收 由于没有代表物权凭证的运输单据， 由于没有代表物权凭证的运输单据，光票托收不涉及到货权 的转移和货物的处理，银行根据票据的付款条件收款， 的转移和货物的处理，银行根据票据的付款条件收款，业务 处理比较简单。 处理比较简单。 由于光票托收对出口商风险很大， 由于光票托收对出口商风险很大，出口商只有在确信进口 商能遵守买卖合同和及时付款的条件下才能这样做。 商能遵守买卖合同和及时付款的条件下才能这样做。 主要应用范围：国际贸易中的小额贸易、部分预付货款、 主要应用范围：国际贸易中的小额贸易、部分预付货款、分 期支付货款以及贸易从属费用的收取、 期支付货款以及贸易从属费用的收取、非贸易结算和私人托 收业务 。
根据银行交单条件不同，跟单托收可分为付款交 根据银行交单条件不同， 单和承兑交单两种。 单和承兑交单两种。
三、托收的特点 三、托收的特点
与信用证不同，托收是建立在商业信用基础上的一种 与信用证不同， 结算方式， 结算方式，银行在这项业务里主要是代理收取款项的 地位，最大的特点是“收妥付汇、实收实付” 地位，最大的特点是“收妥付汇、实收实付”。 无论是托收银行，还是代收银行，在跟单托收方式下， 无论是托收银行，还是代收银行，在跟单托收方式下， 只是对货物的安全性和收汇的及时性负有道义上的责 不承担付款的责任。 任，不承担付款的责任。所以这项结算方式对出口方 风险性较大。 风险性较大。 托收方式是逆汇方式，即由出口方作为出票人，签发 托收方式是逆汇方式，即由出口方作为出票人， 汇票，连同货运单据，委托银行要求进口方付款。 汇票，连同货运单据，委托银行要求进口方付款。在 付款交单情况下，进口商不付款， 付款交单情况下，进口商不付款，就拿不到和汇票一 起的运输单据，这样也就提不到货， 起的运输单据，这样也就提不到货，而在承兑交单的 情况下，进口商也只有先对远期汇票承兑，才能拿到 情况下，进口商也只有先对远期汇票承兑， 代表货权的运输凭证。 代表货权的运输凭证。
国际结算——托收 讲义材料
第四章托收上课材料CollectionAfter issuing payment order (draft) to importer, exporter would entrust banks with payments collection. Banks handle the business on the basis of exporter’s instruction and is not liable for the consequence of the collection, though with endeavor. Thus, bank collection is classified into commercial credit instead of bank credit.In bank collection, exporter is, to some degree, in a positive position; not releasing transportation documents( title to goods) to importer until the latter pays or accept the time draft issued by exporter, without which importer could not take delivery from carrier.Exporter is also confronted with many risks, e.g. importer might not take up transportation documents (giving up the deal) and exporter has to ship back the exports, thus entailing additional shipping and insurance costs. Or, after accepting and taking hold of the documents, importer would refuse to pay at maturity. Banks are not responsible for these breaches. So, it is commercial credit, not bank credit and is applied only when both sides know well about and have enough faith in each other. Its advantage is that collection fees earned by banks are relatively low.1、DefinitionAn arrangement whereby the goods are shipped and a relevant bill of exchange is drawn by seller on buyer, and/or shipping documents are forwarded to seller’s bank with clear instructions for collection through one of its correspondent bank located in the domicile of buyer.2、Parties to collection operationPrincipal = exporter = seller = drawer =remitterRemitting bank = exporter’s bank in exporting countryCollecting bank = importer’s bank in importing countryImporter = buyer = draweePresenting bank = bank at importer’s place3、Flow chart of Documentary Collection①Deliver goods②B/L③Documents and Instructions (Application)④Rept.⑤Collection Order or Instruction & docs.⑥Present⑦Pay⑧Release Documents D/A or D/P⑨Credit Advice or Debit Authorization⑩Hand in B/L（（11））Deliver goods4、Delivering documents = Delivering goodsBuyer must take delivery of goods with bill of Lading (B/L), which is receipt issued by carrier when receiving goods delivered by seller for transportation. Importer must take delivery of goods against it. Without B/L, buyer could not get the goods at the carrier. For sight payment, only when buyer pay the sight draft drawn by seller would collecting bank release documents(B/L) to buyer. For time bill, only when buyer accepts time draft drawn by seller would collecting bank release documents to importer.（1）Documents against documents D/A①Time draft &other docs+application②Collection order& time draft & docs③Present time draft for acceptance④Accepted draft⑤docs= goods（The risk is that buyer would not pay after taking the goods，thoughgoods have been taken away.）⑥Present accepted draft for payment（Collecting bank keeps accepteddraft for exporter and at maturity, presents it for payment.）⑦pay（2）Document against payment D/P at sight①Sight draft& other docs，etc②Collection Order & sight Draft and docs③Presents for payment （Only one presentment for payment ）(So, it is demanded that payment must be made on first presentation.)④Pay after checking （Importer would try to delay payment to wait the arrival of goods ） ⑤docs（3）Documents against payment at tenor D/P at tenor①Time draft & other docs ，application ②Collection order& time draft and other docs ③Present time draft for acceptance ④No docs after acceptance⑤pay （After payment at maturity, buyer gets documents.） ⑥docs（4）Documents against time promissory note made by buyer①Apply Docs.②Collection order & docs demanding time promissory note made by buyer（The risk is that buyer would not pay after taking the goods.）③Advise and demanding documents against time promissory note made by importer.④Time promissory note⑤docs⑥（Collecting bank keeps promissory note for seller and at maturity, presents it for payment.）Present timePromissory Note for payment⑦pay5、Presenting bank①ion&documents②Collection order&documents③Forwarddocuments④present6、In case of needCase of need might be seller’s close friend or agency in importing country, who would arrangeshipping back the goods or selling the goods to other buyer in importing country.①Documents (Application)②Collection Order and documents（In case of need, look for XXX）③present④refuse⑤present⑥Pay & take over docs.Exporter might have mentioned “case of need”on the draft when issuing it if exporter expects the possibility of importer’s dishonor.7、Types of collection(1): Documentary Collection①Deliver goods②B/L③Commercial docs+ financial Instrument OR not+ Application④Collection Order & docs,esp. transporting documents + bill of exchange or not⑤D/A or D/P ⑤present⑥Pay⑦Hand in B/L⑧Deliver goodsDocuments are released to importer against his payment or acceptance/Sometimes, importer pays against commercial documents, e.g. commercial invoice without financial draft to avoid stamp duty. (2): Clean Collection①Send sample ②Rept.③Delivery advice（①,②, ③,Post receipt is sent to buyer’s country together with sample by post office.） ④Hand in Delivery adv.⑤sample （④,⑤, Importer takes the advice to post office and get sample against it.） ⑥Only draft+Application⑦Collection Order& draft （Payment must be made through bank ） ⑧Present draft ⑨PayDividend warrant and time promissory note can also be used in clean collection (3): Direct Collection①Sign long terms contract with bank （Omit a tache, save much time ）②Prenumbered presigned collection order③Deliver goods④B/L⑤Fill in collection order and forward documents and collection order directly to（As if it is sent by remitting bank whose responsibility is the same as under documentary collection.）⑥D/A or D/P （⑥present）⑦Pay⑧Hand in B/L⑨Deliver goods8、Collection order = Collection Instruction①Application filled in by exporter②Collection Order filled in by remitting bank[①, ②They are the same in contents, for remitting bank carry out order given by exporter (principal).]Specimen of collection orderPlease Collect the Under-mentioned Foreign Bill and /or Documents①Draft &other docs②Collection order& time draft & docs （Banks endeavor to collect for principals, but not responsible for unfavorable results.）③pay④docs（2）Bank’s responsibility①Banks must act upon the instructions given by principals②Banks check the documents received against order to see if there is any missingThe principal must be informed of any documents missing.③Banks are not responsible for examining the contents of documents, e.g. any discrepancies between docs.Sight bill: presentation for paymentTime bill: presentation for acceptance, then, presentation for payment10、Risks for exporter（1）Risks for exporter under documentary collection①Refuse to pay or accept time draft on some small inadvertent infraction of the sales contract.②Demand deep cut down of price, or refuse to accept the goods.③A heavy storage charge, fire insurance, demurrage and great expenses and time delay if court action is taken.（2）Risks for exporter under term payment①At the maturity of draft, importer refuses to pay②The excuse might be defective quality and ask for cut down of price or not having foreign exchange approved by authority.（3）Summary of possible reasons for dishonor①Economic reasons：e.g. defective quality of goods, short of flowing capital, downturn ofmarket, bankruptcy of importer,etc.②Political reasons: war, turbulence, foreign exchange control, having not got import license,etc.③The credit risk of importer (fraud) etc.（4）Protection for exporter ——Credit investigationFinancial credit and operational style of importerMarket trend of importing countryWhether import license or foreign exchange has been approved by relative authority.Whether political situation in importing country is steadyWhether a case of need could be found once dishonor happens, who could help handle returned goods, e.gwarehousing and insuring the goods, arranging shipmentof returned goods, finding another buyer for exporter, etc.Exporter could find an agency (usu.banks) to aid the investigation.To buy export credit insurance at government agency(e.g. import/export bank).Have direct control over documents, esp. the transporting documents,e.g. the consignee should be “to t he order of shipper, or collecting bank (with consent of collecting bank)”, which could be endorsed to importer only when payment is made.If it is non-negotiable transport document (e.g. airway bill), collecting bank should be the consignee who could issue delivery order to importer after the payment.（5）Example, Hedging OperationOn July 20,2000 an I/E corporation of China expected to receive €200 millions in 3 months and the spot rate of €is RMB7.6450, and 3-month forward rate is 7.6250 ~ 7.6630. As €has been weak against USD, to protect against the risk of €’s devaluation, the corporation signed a 3-month forward contract with Bank of China. After July 20, €devalued from USD0.91 all the way to USD 0.83. On Oct. 23, when the settlement was made € depreciated to RMB6.9570.Question: If the corporation was not engaged inhedging operation, how much loss would it suffer? And what is the percentage of the loss to the total amount of the contract?Answer :11、（1）Risks for importer under collection①Might be fraudulent documents.②Might be defective or dummy or not the model ordered by importer③Late shipment,and miss the optimal selling seasons.④In advance payment , can not inspect goods beforehand.⑤Dishonor would ruin importer’s reputation.（2）Protection for importerInvestigate exporter’s reputation and deal only with Credit worthy exporters.If it is time payment, payment time can be XX days/months after Bill of Lading date, which means that earlier delivery,earlier payment.Choose the most the favorable procedure of documents delivery basing on the credit standing, financial capability, market trend.e.g. if price is going high, use D/P. If price is going down,use D/A.Use D/P at tenor as possible as you can to confirm if goodsarrive at the harbor of your country.12、（1）Bill purchased under Documentary CollectionBank’s financing to exporterThere is no payment guarantee from collecting bank. So, remitting bank provide the service only for credit worthy client s.①Sight or time bill & full set of original Bill of Lading and apply for discounting the bill. ②Discounted amount③Collection Order & docs④Credit Advice or Debit Authorization ⑤Docs ⑥Pay ⑦Present（2）Discounting bill under documentary collectionThe payee on the draft is normally the discounting bank,e.g.13、Trust Receipt under D/P at tenor （1）This is Bank’s financingto importer①Time draft& other docs②Collection order & time draft and other docs ③Present time draft for acceptance ④Acceptance& IOU=T/R ⑤docs（④, ⑤ Importer borrows B/L and other documents by writing a Trust Receipt (T/R),usu. with permission of exporter.）⑥Accepted Bill &T/R ⑦pay（⑥, ⑦After selling the goods importer retires the bill with the money.） （2）The obligation of trustee, explanation of some points ①Not to put the goods in pledge to other personsthat is; trustee cannot pledge the goods to other banks for credit.②To settle claims of the collecting bank before liquidation in case of the trustee ’s bankruptcy.If trustee goes bankrupt, the entrusted goods would not joint the liquidation or entruster has first lien over the entrusted goods.③Entrusted goods should be stored and booked separately from other goods and can be examined by entruster any time.④Money from sale of entrusted goods should go directly to entruster ’s account. （3）Risks for collecting bank in T/R financingTrust Receipt does not prevent trustee from selling goods to （a third party) someone who buys the goods for value and without notice of trust (the goods does not belong to trustee). If trustee runs away with the money, the entruster could not sue the third party. Laws protects the purchaser in good faith.So, entruster usu. demands that a guarantor (usu. a bank) should sign the T/R in addition to trustee ’s signature.The principal presents an application for collection accompanied by draft and documents to the remitting bank for collection.An application for collection shows as follows:Commercial documents surrendered are below:B/L in triplicate, two originals and one copyInvoice in triplicate, two originals and one copyInsurance policy in duplicate, one original and one copyCertificate of origin in duplicate, One original and one copyPacking list in duplicate, One original and one copyCollection instructions are given below:Deliver documents against paymentRemit the proceeds by airmailAirmail advice of paymentCollection charges outside China from drawee, waive if refused by him.Airmail advice of non-payment with reasonsProtest waivedWhen collected, please credit proceeds to principal’s account with remitting bank. Remitting bank complete a collection instruction in accordance with principal’s application to add other requirements as follows:Ref No. OC2576459Date: 15 July,2000Please collect and remit proceeds to Bank of China, New York for credit of our account with them under their advice to usPlease produce a collection instruction attaching draft and documents to be forwarded to the collecting bank, Banque du Paris, Paris.Collection InstructionORIGINALTO:_________________ Date:_______Our Ref. No_______Dear Sirs,Please follow instruction marked”x”□Deliver documents against payments/acceptance.□Remit the proceeds by airmail/cable.□Airmail/cable advice of payment/acceptance.□Collect charges outside_____ from drawee,waive if refuse by him.□Collect interest for delay in payment____days after sight at____% per annum.□Airmail/cable advice of non-payment/non-acceptance with reasons.□Protest for non-payment/non-acceptance.□Protest waived.□When accepted, please advise us giving due date.□When collected, please credit our account with___.□Please collect and remit proceeds to ____for credit of our account with them under their advice to us. □Please collect proceeds and authorize us by airmail/cable to debit your account with us.Special InstructionsThis collection is subject to Uniform Rules for collection(1995 Revision) ICC Publication No.522Authorized signature(s)TRUST RECEIPTTO:__________ ________,________Received from the said bank a full set of shipping document evidencing the merchandise having an invoice value of______say______ as follows:And in consideration of such delivery in trust ,the undersigned hereby undertakes to land, pay customs duty and/or other charges or expenses ,store, hold and sell and deliver to purchasers the merchandise specified herein ,and to receive the proceeds as trustee for the said bank , and the undersigned promises and agrees not to sell the said merchandise or any part thereof on credit , but only for cash for a total amount not less than the invoice value specified above unless otherwise authorized by the said bank in writing.The undersigned further acknowledges assents and agrees that in the event the whole or any part of the merchandise specified herein is sold or delivered to a purchaser or purchaser any proceeds derived or to be derived from such sale or delivery shall be considered the property or the said bank and the undersigned hereby grants to be said bank full authority to collect such proceeds directly from the purchaser or purchaser without reference to the undersigned.The guarantor, as another undersigned, guarantees to the said bank the faith and proper fulfillment of the terms and conditions of the trust receipt.Guaranteed by: signed by:_____________ _______________________ ___________。
国际结算重点— collection(托收)..
–It is the representative appointed by the principal to act as case of need in the event of non-acceptance and/or nonpayment –Rights and obligations should be clearly and fully stated in collection.
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‘Documents’ means financial documents and/or commercial documents:
‘Financial documents’ means bills of exchange, promissory notes, checks, or other similar instruments used for obtaining the payment of money. ‘Commercial documents’ means invoices, transport documents, documents of title or other similar documents, or any other documents whatsoever, not being financial documents.
the collecting bank (in the importer’s country, usually the
correspondent of the remitting bank) the bank that presents the documents to the buyer and collects cash payment or a promise to pay in the future from buyer