9.Inspection, claim, force majeure and arbitration
Inspection, Claim, Force Majeure and Arbitration
Inspection clause in S/C
- It is mutually agreed that the Inspection Certificate of Quality and Quantity issued by the Manufacturer at the port of shipment shall be part of the documents to be presented for negotiation under the relevant L/C. The Buyer shall have the right to re-inspect the quality and quantity of the cargo. The re-inspection fee shall be borne by the Buyer. Should the quality and/or quantity be found not in conformity with that of the contract, the Buyers are entitled to lodge with the Sellers a claim which should be supported by survey reports issued by a recognized surveyor approved by the Sellers. The claim, if any, shall be lodged within … days after arrival of the cargo at the port of destination.
Breach of condition Breach of warranty
The injured party can only claim damages but cannot declare the contract voided.
公约第38条
Article 38 of United Nations Convention on Contract for the International Sale of Goods stipulates:
(1) The buyer must examine the goods, or cause them to be examined, within as short a period as is practicable in the circumstances. (2) If the contract involves carriage of the goods, examination may be deferred until after the goods have arrived at their destination. (3) If the goods are redirected in transit or redispatched by the buyer without a reasonable opportunity for examination by him and at the time of the conclusion of the contract the seller knew or ought to have known of the possibility of such redirection or redispatch, examination may be deferred until after the goods have arrived at the new destination.
9.1.2 Inspection Body
An inspection institution is the third party that takes a neutral position in the inspection of goods.
国际贸易英文版教材
作者、书名、出版社、出版年份、目录Thomas A．Pugel. International Economics(15th). Renmin University of China p ress. 2012-12CONTENTSChapter 1 International Economics Is DifferentFour ControversiesEconomics and the Nation-StateThe Scheme of This BookPART ONE THE THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL TRADEChapter 2 The Basic Theory Using Demand and SupplyFour Questions about TradeA Look AheadDemand and SupplyCase Study Trade Is ImportantGlobal Crisis The Trade Mini-Collapse of 2009Two National Markets and the Opening of TradeChapter 3 Why Everybody Trades: Comparative Advantage 33Adam Smith’s Theory of Absolute AdvantageCase Study Mercantilism: Older Than Smith—and Alive TodayRicardo’s Theory of Comparative AdvantageRicardo’s Constant Costs and the Producti on-Possibility CurveFocus on Labor Absolute Advantage Does MatterExtension What If Trade Doesn’t Balance?Chapter 4 Trade: Factor Availability and Factor Proportions Are KeyProduction with Increasing Marginal CostsCommunity Indifference CurvesProduction and Consumption TogetherFocus on China The Opening of Trade and China’s Shift Out of AgricultureThe Gains from TradeTrade Affects Production and ConsumptionWhat Determines the Trade Pattern?The Heckscher–Ohlin (H–O) TheoryChapter 5 Who Gains and Who Loses from Trade?Who Gains and Who Loses within a CountryThree Implications of the H–O TheoryExtension A Factor-Ratio ParadoxDoes Heckscher–Ohlin Explain Actual Trade Patterns?Case Study The Leontief ParadoxWhat Are the Export-Oriented and Import-Competing Factors?Focus on China China’s Exports and ImportsDo Factor Prices Equalize Internationally?Focus on Labor U.S. Jobs and Foreign Trade 86Chapter 6 Scale Economies, Imperfect Competition, and TradeScale EconomiesIntra-Industry TradeMonopolistic Competition and TradeExtension The Individual Firm in MonopolisticOligopoly and TradeExtension The Gravity Model of TradeChapter 7 Growth and TradeBalanced versus Biased GrowthGrowth in Only One FactorChanges in the Country’s Willingness to TradeCase Study The Dutch Disease and DeindustrializationEffects on the Country’s Terms of TradeTechnology and TradeFocus on Labor Trade, Technology, and U.S. WagesPART TWO TRADE POLICYChapter 8 Analysis of a TariffGlobal Governance WTO and GATT: Tariff SuccessA Preview of ConclusionsThe Effect of a Tariff on Domestic ProducersThe Effect of a Tariff on Domestic ConsumersThe Tariff as Government RevenueThe Net National Loss from a TariffExtension The Effective Rate of ProtectionCase Study They Tax Exports, TooThe Terms-of-Trade Effect and a Nationally Optimal TariffChapter 9 Nontariff Barriers to ImportsTypes of Nontariff Barriers to ImportsThe Import QuotaGlobal Governance The WTO: Beyond TariffsGlobal Crisis Dodging ProtectionismExtension A Domestic Monopoly Prefers a QuotaVoluntary Export Restraints (VERs)Other Nontariff BarriersCase Study VERs: Two ExamplesCase Study Carrots Are Fruit, Snails Are Fish, and X-Men Are Not HumansHow Big Are the Costs of Protection?International Trade DisputesFocus on China China’s First Decade in the WTOChapter 10 Arguments for and against ProtectionThe Ideal World of First BestThe Realistic World of Second BestPromoting Domestic Production or EmploymentThe Infant Industry ArgumentFocus on Labor How Much Does It Cost to Protect a Job?The Dying Industry Argument and Adjustment AssistanceThe Developing Government (Public Revenue) ArgumentOther Arguments for Protection: Non=economic ObjectivesThe Politics of Protection The Basic Elements of the Political-Economic Analysis Case Study How Sweet It Is (or Isn’t)Chapter 11 Pushing ExportsDumpingReacting to Dumping: What Should a Dumpee Think?Actual Antidumping Policies: What Is Unfair?Case Study Antidumping in ActionProposals for ReformExport SubsidiesWTO Rules on SubsidiesShould the Importing Country Impose Countervailing Duties?Case Study Agriculture Is AmazingStrategic Export Subsidies Could Be GoodGlobal Governance Dogfight at the WTOChapter 12 Trade Blocs and Trade BlocksTypes of Economic BlocsIs Trade Discrimination Good or Bad?The Basic Theory of Trade Blocs: Trade Creation and Trade DiversionOther Possible Gains from a Trade BlocThe EU ExperienceCase Study Postwar Trade Integration in EuropeNorth America Becomes a BlocTrade Blocs among Developing CountriesTrade EmbargoesChapter 13 Trade and the EnvironmentIs Free Trade Anti-Environment?Is the WTO Anti-Environment?Global Governance Dolphins, Turtles, and the WTOThe Specificity Rule AgainA Preview of Policy PrescriptionsTrade and Domestic PollutionTrans-border PollutionGlobal Environmental ChallengesChapter 14 Trade Policies for Developing CountriesWhich Trade Policy for Developing Countries?Are the Long-Run Price Trends against Primary Producers?Case Study Special Challenges of TransitionInternational Cartels to Raise Primary-Product PricesImport-Substituting Industrialization (ISI)Exports of Manufactures to Industrial CountriesChapter 15 Multinationals and Migration: International Factor MovementsForeign Direct InvestmentMultinational EnterprisesFDI: History and Current PatternsWhy Do Multinational Enterprises Exist?Taxation of Mul tinational Enterprises’ProfitsCase Study CEMEX: A Model Multinational from an Unusual PlaceMNEs and International TradeShould the Home Country Restrict FDI Outflows?Should the Host Country Restrict FDI Inflows?Focus on China China as a Host CountryMigrationHow Migration Affects Labor MarketsShould the Sending Country Restrict Emigration?Should the Receiving Country Restrict Immigration?Case Study Are Immigrants a Fiscal Burden?APPENDIXESA The Web and the Library: International Numbers and Other InformationB Deriving Production-Possibility CurvesC Offer CurvesD The Nationally Optimal Tariff周瑞琪. International Trade Practice. University of International Business and Economics press. 2011.9CONTENTSChapter One General Introduction（第一章导论）1.1 Reasons for International Trade （国际间贸易的起因）1.2 Differences between International Trade and Domestic Trade （国际贸易与国内贸易的差异）1.3 Classification of International Trade（国际贸易的分类）1.4 Export and Import Procedures（进出口贸易的程序）1.5 Overview of This Book （本书的基本内容）Summary（总结）Key Terms（主要术语）Abbreviations（缩略语）Exercises（练习）Specimens（单证样本）Chapter Two International Trade Terms（第二章国际贸易术语）2.1 Three Sets of Rules （三种贸易术语的解释规则）2.2 Basics of Incoterms 2010 （2010年国际贸易术语解释通则基本概念）2.3 Application Issues（贸易术语在使用中应注意的问题）2.4 Determinants of Choice of Trade Terms （贸易术语选用的决定因素）Summary（总结）Key Terms（主要术语）Abbreviations（缩略语）Exercises（练习）Chapter Three Export Price（第三章出口商品的价格）3.1 Expression of Export Price（出口价格的表达）3.2 Pricing Considerations（影响定价的因素）3.3 Calculation of Price（价格的计算）3.4 Understanding the Price（价格的评估）3.5 Communication of Price（价格的沟通）Summary（总结）Key Terms（主要术语）Abbreviations（缩略语）Exercises（练习）Chapter Four Terms of Commodity（第四章商品条款）4.1 Name of Commodity （商品的名称）4.2 Specifying Quality（商品的品质）4.3 Measuring Quantity（商品的数量）4.4 Packing and Marking（商品的包装及标志）Summary（总结）Key Terms（主要术语）Abbreviations（缩略语）Exercises（练习）Chapter Five Cargo Transportation（第五章国际货物运输）5.1 Ocean Transportation （海洋运输）5.2 Other Modes of Transportation （其他运输方式）5.3 Transportation Documents（运输单据）5.4 Shipment Clause in the Sales Contract（销售合同中的装运条款）Summary（总结）Key Terms（主要术语）Abbreviations（缩略语）Exercises（练习）Specimens（单证样本）Chapter Six Cargo Transportation Insurance（第六章货物运输保险）6.1 Fundamental Principles of Cargo Insurance（货物保险的基本原则）6.2 Marine Risks and Losses（海上风险和损失）6.3 Coverage of Marine Cargo Insurance of CIC（我国海上货物保险范围）6.4 Coverage of Marine Cargo Insurance of ICC（协会货物保险范围）6.5 Other Types of Cargo Insurance（其他货物保险的种类）6.6 Procedures of Cargo Insurance（货物保险程序）6.7 Insurance Terms in the Sales Contract（销售合同中的保险条款）Summary（总结）Key Terms（主要术语）Abbreviations（缩略语）Exercises（练习）Specimens（单证样本）Chapter Seven International Payments（第七章国际货款支付）7.1 Issues in Concern（影响支付条件的因素）7.2 Paying Instruments（支付工具）7.3 Remittance（汇付）7.4 Collection（托收）7.5 Basics of Letter of Credit（信用证基础知识）7.6 Types of Documentary Credit（跟单信用证的种类）7.7 Letter of Guarantee（L/G）（保函）7.8 Export Financing（出口融资）7.9 Payment Problems（支付中出现的问题）Summary（总结）Key Terms（主要术语）Abbreviations（缩略语）Exercises（练习）Specimens（单证样本）Chapter Eight Export Documentation（第八章出口单证）8.1 Significance of Documentation（单证的重要性）8.2 Basic Requirements for Documentation（单证的基本要求）8.3 Prerequisites of Documentation（制单的依据）8.4 Export Documents（出口单证的种类）8.5 Clause Concerning Documents in the Sales Contract（销售合同中有关单证的条款）Summary（总结）Key Terms（主要术语）Abbreviations（缩略语）Exercises（练习）Specimens（单证样本）Chapter Nine Inspection, Claim, Force Majeure and Arbitration（第九章商检、索赔、不可抗力和仲裁）9.1 Commodity Inspection（商品检验）9.2 Disputes and Claims（争议和索赔）9.3 Force Majeure（不可抗力）9.4 Arbitration（仲裁）Summary（总结）Key Terms（主要术语）Abbreviations（缩略语）Exercises（练习）Key to Exercises（练习答案）Glossary（词汇表）Appendix 1INCOTERMS 2010 （FOB, CFR, CIF）（附录12010年国际贸易术语解释通则（FOB，CFR，CIF））Appendix 2CISG 1980 （Part II）（附录2联合国国际货物销售合同公约1980（第二部分）) References （参考书目）帅建林. International Trade Practice. University of International Business and Economics press. 2007.9CONTENTSPart 1 OverviewChapter 1 Introduction to International TradeChapter 2 International Trade PolicyChapter 3 Trade Bloc and Trade BlockChapter 4 WTO :A Navigation GuidePart 2 Terms of International TradeChapter 5 International Trade TermsChapter Terms of CommodityChapter International Cargo TransportChapter 8 Cargo InsuranceChapter 9 Terms of PriceChapter 10 International Payment and SettlementChapter 11 Claims, Force Majeure and ArbitrationPart 3 International Trade ProcedureChapter 12 Launching a Profitable TransactionChapter 13 Business Negotiation and Establishment of ContractChapter 14 Exporting ElementsChapter 15 Importing ElementsChapter 16 DocumentationPart 4 Trade FormsChapter 17 Agency, Distribution and ConsignmentChapter 18 TendersChapter 19 Counter TradeChapter 20 Futures TradingChapter 21 E-CommerceAppendix Glossary of International Trade Terms with English-Chinese InterpretationsBibliographyPaul R.Krugman & Maurice Obstfeld. International Economics:Theory andPolicy,8E. Tsinghua University press. 2011-11Contents前言第1章绪论第1部分国际贸易理论第2章世界贸易：概览第3章劳动生产率和比较优势：李嘉图模型第4章资源、比较优势和收入分配第5章标准贸易模型第6章规模经济、不完全竞争和国际贸易第7章国际要素流动第2部分国际贸易政策第8章贸易政策工具第9章贸易政策中的政治经济学第10章发展中国家的贸易政策第11章贸易政策中的争论数学附录第4章附录要素比例模型第5章附录贸易下的世界经济第6章附录垄断竞争模模型张素芳，International trade: theory and practice. University of International Business & Economics Press, Beijing, 2010contentsSection I. International Trade Theory and PolicyCHAPTER 1.INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL TRADE1.The Reasons for International Trade1.1. Resources reasons1.2. Economic reasons1.3. Other reasons2. The Differences between International Trade and Domestic Trade'.'2.1. More plex context2.2. More difficult and risky2.3. Higher skills required3.Basic Concepts Relating to International Trade3.1. Visible trade and invisible trade3.2. Favorable balance of trade and unfavorable balance oft rade3.3. General trade system and special trade system3.4. Volume of international trade and quantum of international trade3.5. Commodity position of international trade3.6. Geographical position of international trade3.7. Degree of dependence on foreign tradeCHAPTER 2.CLASSICAL TRADE THEORIES1.Mercantilism1.1. The development of mercantilist thought1.2. The mercantilist economic system1.3. Economic policies pursued by the mercantilists1.4. Discussions2.David Hume's Challenge to Mercantilism2.1. Assumptions of price-specie=flow mechanism2.2. The price-specie-flow mechanism3.Adam Smith's Theory of Absolute Advantage3.1. Assumptions of Adam Smith's theory of absolute advantage3.2. Challenge to Mercantilism3.3. Example4.David Ricardo's Theory of Comparative Advantage4.1. The concept of parative advantage4.2. Example4.3. Analysis of the theory of parative advantage by using modemtools. CHAPTER 3.NEOCLASSICAL TRADE THEORIES.1.Gains from Trade in Neoclassical Trade Theory1.1. Increasing opportunity costs on the PPF1.2. General equilibrium and gains in autarky1.3. General equilibrium and gains after the introduction of international trade ...2.Reciprocal Demand Theory2.1. A country's offer curve2.2. Trading equilibrium2.3. Measurement of terms of trade3.Factor Endowment Theory3.1. Factor intensity in production3.2. Factor endowments, factor prices, and parative advantage3.3. Assumptions of the factor proportions theory.,3.4. The Heckscher-Ohlin theorem.:3.5. An example to illustrate H-O theorem.3.6. The factor price equalization theorem:3.7. The Stolper-Samuelson theorem4.The Leontief Paradox——An Empirical Test of the Factor Proportions Theory 4.1. The Leontief paradox.-4.2. Suggested explanations for the Leontief Paradox and related theories CHAPTER 4.POST-HECKSHER-OHLIN THEORIES OF TRADE1.The Product Cycle Theory1.1. The imitation lag hypothesis1.2. The product cycle theory2.The Linder Theory2.1. Assumptions of the Linder theory2.2. Trade es in the overlapping ranges of products ophistication.:3.Intra-Industry Trade Theory3.1. Explanations of intra-industry trade3.2. Measurement of intra-industry tradeCHAPTER 5.IMPORT PROTECTION POLICY: TARIFFS1.Types of Import Tariffs1.1. In terms of the means of collection1.2. In terms of the different tariff rates applied1.3. In terms of special purposes for collection2.The Effects of Import Tariffs2.1. Concepts of consumer surplus and producer surplus2.2. The welfare effects of import tariffs3.Measurement of Import Tariffs3.1. The 'height' of import tariffs3.2. Nominal versus effective tariff ratesCHAPTER 6.IMPORT PROTECTION POLICY: NON-TARIFF BARRIERS''1.Forms of Non-tariff Barriers.1.1. Quantity control measures1.2. Price control measures1.3. Para-tariff measures1.4. Finance measures1.5. Anti-petitive measures.,.1.6. Miscellaneous measures2.Effects of Non-tariff Barriers2.1. The effects of an import quota2.2. The effects of a subsidy to an import-peting industryCHAPTER 7.EXPORT PROMOTION AND OTHER POLICIES1.Export Subsidy and Production Subsidy1.1. Export subsidy and its effects1.2. Production subsidy and its effects.2.Other Export Promotion Policies2.1. Devaluation of home currency.2.2. Commodity dumping2.3. Bonded warehouse2.4. Special trade zone2.5. Export promotion programs3.Export Restrictions and Import Promotion Policies3.1. Export restrictions policies3.2. Import promotion policies4.Trade Sanctions4.1. Introduction to trade sanctions4.2. Effectiveness of trade sanctionsCHAPTER 8.ARGUMENTS AGAINST FREE TRADE1.Traditional Arguments against Free Trade1.1. Infant industry argument.1.2. Terms of trade argument1.3. Balance of trade argument1.4. Tariff to reduce aggregate unemployment argument1.5. Fair petition argument1.6. National security argument2.New Protectionism2.1. Tariff to extract foreign monopoly profit2.2. Export subsidy in duopoly3.The Political Economy of Trade Policy3.1. Median voter model3.2. Collective action theory.3.3. Contribution in political campaignsCHAPTER 9.REGIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATIONof Regional Economic Integration1.1. Preferential tariff arrangement1.2. Free trade area1.3. Customs union1.4. Common market.1.5. Economic union2.The Static and Dynamic Effects of Regional Economic Integration2.1. Static effects of regional economic integration2.2. Dynamic effects of regional economic integration3.Economic Integration in Europe, North America and Asia3.1. Economic integration in Europe……………………………………Chapter 10 International Cargo Transportation InsuranceChapter 11 International Trade PaymentChapter 12 Inspection,Claim,Force Majeure and ArbitrationChapter 13 Trade Negotiation and Formation of the ContractChapter 14 Implementation of the Contract丹尼斯·R·阿普尔亚德 & 小艾尔弗雷德·J·菲尔德 & 史蒂文·L·科布.国际贸易.中国人民大学出版社. 2012-7第1章国际经济学的世界第一部分古典贸易理论第2章早期的国际贸易理论：由重商主义向大卫·李嘉图的古典贸易理论的演进第3章大卫·李嘉图的古典贸易理论和比较优势第4章对古典贸易模型的扩充及验证第二部分新贸易理论第5章新古典贸易理论——基本分析工具的介绍第6章新古典贸易理论中的贸易利得第7章贸易提供曲线和贸易条件第8章贸易的基础：要素禀赋理论和赫克歇尔俄林模型第9章要素禀赋理论的实证分析第三部分贸易理论的扩展第10章后赫克歇尔俄林贸易理论与产业内贸易第11章经济增长与国际贸易第12章国际要素流动第四部分贸易政策第13章贸易政策工具第14章贸易政策的影响第15章对干涉主义贸易政策的争论第16章经济的政治因素与美国的对外贸易政策第17章经济一体化第18章国际贸易与发展中国家参考文献当我被上帝造出来时，上帝问我想在人间当一个怎样的人，我不假思索的说，我要做一个伟大的世人皆知的人。
国际贸易实务(英文版)(第二版)周瑞琪1Gerneral_int
SEIB OF GDUFS
13
1.4 Export and import procedures
The preparation of a transaction The negotiation of the contract The performance of the contract The settlement of disputes
Direct trade
Two parties involved: the importer and the exporter
Indirect trade
Three parties involved: the exporter, the importer and the intermediate party
SEIB OF GDUFS
15
1.4.1 The preparation of a transaction
Finding the potential partner
Sources of information
Reference provided by the foreign partners The nearest consulate office International or local chamber of commerce Consulting firms Foreign exchange banks Trade directories and publications
trade realize the importance of contract
SEIB OF GDUFS
4
Concept of international trade
International trade / world trade / foreign trade / overseas trade
外贸销售合同英文怎么填
Contract No.: [Contract Number]Date: [Contract Date]Seller: [Seller's Company Name][Address: Street, City, Province/Country, Zip Code][Contact Person: [Name], Position: [Position], Phone: [Phone Number], Email: [Email Address]]Buyer: [Buyer's Company Name][Address: Street, City, Province/Country, Zip Code][Contact Person: [Name], Position: [Position], Phone: [Phone Number], Email: [Email Address]]Terms and Conditions:1. Description of Goods:- [Product Name] / [Product Code]- Quantity: [Number of Units]- Unit Price: [Price per Unit] [Currency]- Total Amount: [Total Price] [Currency]2. Packing:- Standard export packing or as per buyer's requirements.- Each package shall be marked with the product name, contract number, batch number, net weight, gross weight, and delivery mark.3. Shipping:- Port of Loading: [Port Name]- Port of Destination: [Port Name]- Shipment Period: [Start Date] to [End Date]- Mode of Transport: [Transport Mode, e.g., ocean, air, land]4. Insurance:- To be covered by the seller for 110% of the invoice value against All Risks and War Risks as per the relevant Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of the People's Insurance Company of China dated 1/1/1981.- The insurance policy to be issued in duplicate and to be delivered to the buyer upon shipment.5. Payment Terms:- 100% advance payment by T/T (Telegraphic Transfer) upon confirmation of the contract.- The payment should be made to the seller's account: [Bank Name], [Branch Name], [Account Number], [SWIFT Code].- The buyer's failure to make the payment on time will result in the cancellation of the order without notice.6. Inspection and Quality:- The goods shall be inspected by a third-party inspection company approved by both parties before shipment.- The quality of the goods shall conform to the specifications stipulated in the contract.- In case of any discrepancy in quality, the claim should be lodged by the buyer within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the destination.7. Force Majeure:- In case of force majeure, such as war, flood, fire, earthquake, typhoon, etc., preventing the seller from making delivery on time, the seller shall not be held liable for late delivery or non-delivery.- The seller shall notify the buyer of the event and provide official documents to this effect.8. Arbitration:- Any disputes arising from the execution of this contract shall be settled through friendly negotiation between both parties.- In case of failure to reach an amicable solution, the case in dispute shall be submitted to the [Arbitration Institution] for arbitration in accordance with its rules.- The decision made by the arbitration shall be final and binding upon both parties.Declaration:The seller hereby declares that the goods supplied are of the best quality available and free from any defects.Acceptance:This contract is subject to the acceptance by both parties and shall come into effect upon the signature by authorized representatives of both parties.Signature:For the Seller: ___________________________[Name][Position]For the Buyer: ___________________________[Name][Position]Attachments:1. Product Specifications2. Proforma Invoice3. Packing List4. Insurance Policy5. Any other relevant documents---This sales contract is a comprehensive document that outlines the terms and conditions of the transaction between the seller and the buyer. It is crucial to fill in all the necessary details accurately to ensure a smooth and legally binding agreement. Here is a breakdown of the key elements that should be filled in:- Contract Number: A unique identifier for the contract.- Date: The date when the contract is signed.- Seller's and Buyer's Details: Full company names, addresses, contact persons, and contact information.- Description of Goods: Detailed information about the product, including name, code, quantity, unit price, and total amount.- Packing: Description of the packaging required for the goods.- Shipping: Details about the loading and unloading ports, shipment period, and mode of transport.- Insurance: Terms and conditions of insurance coverage.- Payment Terms: Methods of payment and deadlines.- Inspection and Quality: Procedures for inspecting the goods and quality guarantees.- Force Majeure: Clauses covering unforeseen events that may affect delivery.- Arbitration: Mechanisms。
高职《国际贸易实务》课程双语教学实践初探
高职《国际贸易实务》课程双语教学实践初探【摘要】双语教学的实施有助于为社会培养兼具专业知识和外语能力的复合型人才。
高职《国际贸易实务》的双语教学在实践中应突出特色，突破在学生水平、选用教材等方面存在的瓶颈，注重于实训相结合，全面提高教学效果。
【关键词】高职；国际贸易实务；双语教学；教学实践“双语”指的是我们的母语与外语。
母语包括汉语和少数民族语言等，外语则包括英语以及日语、德语、俄语、西班牙语等小语种。
从现今所普及的角度来看，我国的“双语教学”已经不算是新鲜事物，且通常是指汉语和英语。
双语教学从最开始主要集中在基础教育领域，到逐步扩展到专业领域；从义务教育阶段延伸至高等教育阶段。
其中高职院校实行双语教学的初衷是：通过双语教学使培养的学生尽快适应专业知识的国际标准，为造就适合国际性的生产、管理与建设的应用型人才服务。
国际经济与贸易专业原本就是教育部要求率先实行双语教学的六个专业之一。
作为一名经贸类高职院校的教师，笔者也认为国际经贸与商务类专业学生外语能力的培养是不容置疑的。
在这些专业中推行双语教学，不仅能够强化外语的训练，更有助于专业技能深化拓展与综合人文素质的提高，对于涉外类专业学生的技能培养具有重要的现实意义。
另外，就广西范围来看，双语教学的研究和实践在高职院校中几乎是空白，相对于其他省会城市以及沿海地区都较为落后。
而近年来，广西依托中国-东盟自由贸易区的发展而日益走向国际化，从客观上对教学提出要求：无论英语或是东盟国家对应的小语种，双语教学都是必须重视且早就应该付诸实践的领域。
鉴于此，笔者在2012-2013学年春季学期对本校的国际贸易实务课程尝试了小范围的双语教学改革实践。
教学对象是本校应用外语系2012级三个班共135人。
每班总学时为72学时。
选用的教材是大连理工大学出版社于2008年出版的双语版国际贸易实务，主编陈宝珠。
该教材在内容上分为八章，分别是brief introduction to international trade， name， quality， and packing of commodity， price terms， international payment，international cargo transportation， marine cargo insurance，inspection， claim， force majeure and arbitration， import and export practice.一、双语教学实践的方式与特色根据先行者的经验，双语教学要想成功，必须要有高素质的教师和高度配合的学生。
销售合同的英文有哪些
Contract No.: [Contract Number]Date of Execution: [Date]Party A (Seller):[Full Name or Company Name][Address][Contact Person][Contact Information]Party B (Buyer):[Full Name or Company Name][Address][Contact Person][Contact Information]This Sales Contract (hereinafter referred to as "the Contract") is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B on [Date of Execution], for the purpose of regulating the rights and obligations of the parties in connection with the sale and purchase of goods (hereinafter referred to as "the Goods"). The following terms and conditions are agreed upon by and between the parties:1. Description of Goods:1.1 The Goods to be sold under this Contract are as follows:- Product Name: [Product Name]- Model/Type: [Model/Type]- Quantity: [Quantity]- Unit Price: [Unit Price]- Total Amount: [Total Amount]1.2 The quality, specifications, packaging, transportation, and other related requirements for the Goods shall be in accordance with the following documents or standards:- Quality Certificate: [Quality Certificate Number]- Specifications: [Specifications Document]- Packaging: [Packaging Requirements]- Transportation: [Transportation Requirements]- Standards: [Applicable Standards]2. Price and Payment Terms:2.1 The price of the Goods shall be [Unit Price] per unit, in [Currency], and the total amount of the Contract shall be [Total Amount].2.2 The payment terms are as follows:- [Percentage] of the total amount shall be paid in advance by [Payment Method] within [Time Period] after the Contract is signed.- The remaining [Percentage] of the total amount shall be paid upon the delivery of the Goods and upon receipt of the customs clearance documents.3. Delivery and Shipment:3.1 The Goods shall be delivered to [Delivery Address] within [Delivery Time] after the Buyer's payment is received.3.2 The Goods shall be shipped by [Shipment Method], and the shipping documents, including but not limited to the bill of lading, commercial invoice, packing list, and quality certificate, shall be sent to the Buyer within [Time Period] after the Goods are shipped.4. Insurance:4.1 The Buyer shall arrange for insurance for the Goods during transportation, and the insurance amount shall not be less than thetotal value of the Goods.5. Inspection and Claim:5.1 The Buyer shall inspect the Goods upon receipt and shall notify Party A of any discrepancies or defects within [Time Period] after the Goods are received.5.2 If any claim is made by the Buyer, Party A shall, upon confirmation of the claim, be responsible for repairing or replacing the Goods or refunding the corresponding amount.6. Force Majeure:6.1 If either party is prevented from fulfilling its obligations under this Contract due to an event of force majeure, such as war, flood, earthquake, fire, or other natural disasters, the party shall promptly notify the other party and provide relevant proof. The obligations under this Contract shall be suspended during the period of force majeure, and the duration of the suspension shall be extended accordingly.7. Dispute Resolution:7.1 Any disputes arising from or in connection with this Contract shall be settled through friendly negotiation between the parties. If the negotiation fails, the dispute shall be submitted to the [Jurisdiction Court] for arbitration.8. General Provisions:8.1 This Contract is made in two copies, each party holding one copy, which shall be equally effective.8.2 Any amendment or supplement to this Contract shall be made inwriting and shall be signed by both parties.8.3 This Contract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of [Country].Party A (Seller):________________________[Signature]Party B (Buyer):________________________[Signature]Witness:________________________[Signature]Date: [Date]---This sales contract template provides a comprehensive framework for the terms and conditions of a sales transaction between two parties. It covers essential aspects such as the description of goods, price and payment terms, delivery and shipment, insurance, inspection and claim, force majeure, dispute resolution, and general provisions. It is important for both parties to review and agree upon all terms before signing the contract to ensure clarity and legal protection.。
英文销售合同付款方式
Contract Number: [Contract Number]Date: [Date]Seller: [Seller's Name]Buyer: [Buyer's Name]This Sales Contract (hereinafter referred to as "the Contract") is made and entered into by and between the Seller, [Seller's Name], and the Buyer, [Buyer's Name], on the basis of mutual understanding and agreement. The Seller agrees to sell and the Buyer agrees to purchase the following goods in accordance with the terms and conditions setforth herein.1. Description of Goods:- [Detailed description of the goods, including product name, specifications, quality, quantity, and other relevant information.]2. Price and Payment Terms:2.1. Unit Price:The unit price of the goods shall be [Unit Price], which is [Currency] per [Unit of Measure].2.2. Total Price:The total price for the goods is [Total Price], which is [Currency] for [Quantity] units of [Goods Name].2.3. Payment Terms:a) Down Payment:The Buyer shall make a down payment of [Percentage]% of the total price, which amounts to [Down Payment Amount], within [Number of Days] days after the signing of this Contract. The down payment shall be remitted to the Seller's designated bank account.b) Balance Payment:The remaining balance of [Percentage]% of the total price, which amounts to [Balance Amount], shall be paid by the Buyer to the Seller within [Number of Days] days after the shipment of the goods. The payment shall be made in the form of [Payment Method], such as letter of credit, telegraphic transfer, or any other mutually agreed-upon payment method.c) Late Payment:If the Buyer fails to make the payment on time, the Seller shall have the right to charge an interest of [Interest Rate]% per annum on the overdue amount, starting from the due date until the full payment is received.2.4. Payment Methods:a) Bank Transfer:The Buyer shall make the payment by telegraphic transfer to thefollowing bank account:Bank Name: [Bank Name]Branch: [Branch Name]Account Number: [Account Number]SWIFT Code: [SWIFT Code]b) Letter of Credit:The Buyer shall open an irrevocable letter of credit in favor of the Seller through a reputable bank within [Number of Days] days after the signing of this Contract. The letter of credit shall be valid for [Number of Days] days after the shipment date.c) Cash in Advance:The Buyer may choose to make the payment in full by cash in advance upon the receipt of the goods.2.5. Payment Verification:The Seller shall provide the Buyer with a receipt of payment for each transaction. The Buyer shall verify the receipt and confirm the payment with the Seller within [Number of Days] days after the payment is made.3. Shipment and Delivery:3.1. Shipment Terms:The goods shall be shipped in accordance with the Incoterms 2020, specifically [Incoterm], which shall be [Description of Incoterm].3.2. Delivery Time:The Seller shall deliver the goods to the Buyer within [Number of Days] days after the Buyer's confirmation of the order and receipt of the down payment.3.3. Delivery Location:The goods shall be delivered to the Buyer's designated address as specified in the Contract.4. Inspection and Claims:4.1. Inspection:The Buyer shall have the right to inspect the goods upon delivery. If any discrepancies or defects are found, the Buyer shall inform theSeller within [Number of Days] days after the delivery.4.2. Claims:If the Buyer finds any discrepancies or defects in the goods, the Buyer shall submit a claim to the Seller in writing within [Number of Days] days after the inspection. The Seller shall investigate the claim and respond within [Number of Days] days after receiving the claim.5. Force Majeure:In the event of any unforeseen circumstances beyond the reasonable control of either party, such as war, natural disasters, fire, flood, or any other similar events, the affected party shall be excused from itsobligations under this Contract for the duration of the event and any resulting delays.6. Governing Law and Dispute Resolution:This Contract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of [Country]. Any disputes arising from or in connection with this Contract shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between the parties. If the negotiation fails, the disputes shall be submitted to the [Courts/Arbitration Body] for final and binding resolution.7. Entire Agreement:This Contract constitutes the entire agreement between the parties and supersedes all prior。
合同协议书标书英语词汇
合同协议书标书英语词汇The manuscript was revised on the evening of 2021合约/合同书/契约/账单及各类证书执照英语词汇(中英文对照)户口簿 Household Certificate户籍誊本 Household Certificate Transcript 身分证 ID card出生证明书 Birth Certificate生父认领同意书Biological Father’s Agreement to Acknowledgement约定书 Agreement收养书约 Agreement to Adoption终止收养书约 Agreement to Adoption Termination结婚证书 Marriage Certificate外馆认证单身证明 Single Status Document Authenticated by a Embassy中译本 Chinese Translation离婚协议书 Divorce Agreement法院判决书Court’s Written Judgment法院确定书Court’s Statement of Final Verdict监护约定书 Agreement to Guardianship死亡证明书 Death Certificate相验书Coroner’s Report单独立户证明文件 Required Documentation for Establishment of a New Household公证之租赁契约书 Notarized Rental Contract/ Agreement委托书 Letter of Proxy同意书 Agreement退伍令 Military Service Discharge Order 照片 Photograph/ Photo印章 Seal/ Chop/ Stamp外教 Foreign teacher诉讼和解书 Statement of Settlement房屋所有权状 House Title Deed水、电、瓦斯费收据 Public Utilities Payment电费 Power Bill水费 Water Bill瓦斯费 Gas Bill电话费 Telephone Bill护照 Passport入境证 Entry Card 入境章戳 Entry Stamp居留证/定居证 Resident Certificate有效的外侨居留证 Valid Alien Resident Certificate外侨永久居留证 Alien Permanent Resident Certificate居留证明书/入出国证明书/无国籍或丧失国籍证明 Certificate of Statelessness or Deprivation of the Original Nationality财产或专业技能证明 Certificate of Enough Property or Professional Skill建筑执照 Construction Permit房屋税单 House Tax Statement契税 Deed Tax建物使用执照 Building Use Permit贴有相片之毕业证书 Diploma with Photo/ Graduation Certificate with Photo规费 Processing Fees归化国籍证书费 Naturalization Certificate Fee归化国籍测试报名费 Naturalization Test Fee拍照服务费 The Charge for Photo Service 结/离婚证明书 Marriage/ Divorce Certificate外国专家证 Foreign Expert Certificatead referendum contract?暂定合同agency agreement?代理协议agency contract?代理合同agreement and contract?协议与合同agreement fixing price共同定价协议agreement on general terms and conditions on business?一般经营交易条件的协议agreement on import licensing procedure?进口许可证手续协议agreement on loan facilities up to a given amount 商定借款协议agreement on reinsurance?分保协议agreement to resell?转售协议barter contract?易货合同bilateral agreement?双边协议bilateral trade agreement?双边贸易协议binding contract?有约束力合blank form contact?空白合同commercial agreement?商业协定commercial contract?商业合同compensation trade agreement?补偿贸易协议compensation trade contact?补偿贸易合同cross licence contract?互换许可证合同distributorship agreement?销售协议Ex contract?由于合同exclusive distributorship agreement?独家销售协议exclusive licence contract?独家许可证合同Export contract?出口合同Firm sale contact?确定的销售合同Formal contract?正式合同Forward contract?期货合同guarantee agreement?担保协议Illegal contract?非法合同Import contract?进口合同Indirect contract?间接合同Installment contract?分期合同international trade agreement?国际贸易协议International trade contract?国际贸易合同joint venture agreement?合营协议licensing agreement?许可证协议loan agreement?贷款协议management agreement?经营管理协议multilateral trade agreement?多边贸易协议operating agreement?经营协议partnership agreement?合伙契约supply agreement?供货合同trade agreement?贸易协议written contract?书面协议买卖合同：This contract is made in two originals that should be held by each party.此合同一式二份，由双方各持一正本。
国际贸易实务双语教程Chapter 9 Force Majeure and Arbitration in International Trade32页PPT
Force Majeure Arbitration Cases
9.1 Force Majeure
Definition Significance of Force Majeure Clause Stipulation of Force Majeure Clause Notes to Quoting Force Majeure Clause
Essential ways of stipulation
Brief Stipulation Concrete Stipulation Synthesized Stirce Majeure Events
There are two kinds of legal consequences arising from a force majeure event: (1) termination of the contract (2) postponement of the contract fulfillment
9.1 Force Majeure
Stipulation of Force Majeure Clause › Scope of Force Majeure Events › Essential ways of stipulation › Settlement of Force Majeure Events › Notification and Proof of Force Majeure Events
The adoption of the settlement ways is dependent on the effect of the force majeure event.
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SEIB of GDUFS
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9.1.1 Time and place of inspection
Inspection at the port of destination (also landed quality and weight)
The goods are inspected at the port of destination Inspection results considered final for the delivery of
disputes and claims be aware of the issues to be considered in arbitration stipulate an arbitration clause in a sales contract
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9.1 Commodity Inspection
settlement of claims Know ways of stipulating claim clauses in a sales contract be aware of the consequences of force majeure events stipulate force majeure clauses in a sales contract realize the importance of arbitration in the settlement of
inspection
eg. The Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) in USA, The State Administration for Commodity Inspection (SACI) in China
Non-governmental inspection bodies
Commodity inspection is the inspection conducted by an authorized third party to testify whether the quality, quantity, weight, package, etc. are the same as those specified in the contract.
Favorable to both the seller and the buyer
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9.1.2 Inspection Bodies
Types of inspection body
Governmental inspection bodies
Owned and supervised by governments Inspecting particular commodities or those subject to mandatory
the goods by the seller Buyer can claim for compensation in case of
discrepancies More favorable to the buyer
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9.1.1 Time and place of inspection
Privately owned Enjoying the same legal status
Inspection at the port of shipment and re-inspection at the port of destination
The goods are inspected at the port of destination and reinspected by the buyer at the port of destination
Inspection results considered final for the delivery of the goods by the seller
Buyer can re-inspect the goods but the result will not serve as the basis for comlaim, Force Majeure and Arbitration
Learning objectives
After learning this chapter, you will be able to
stipulate the place and time of inspection in the contract understand the conditions for breach of contract and
Inspection results issued at the port of shipment are used as one of the documents for the seller to settle payment
Inspection results issued at the port of destination serve as the basis for the buyer to claim for compensation in case of discrepancies
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9.1.1 Time and place of inspection
Inspection at the factory or at the port of shipment (also shipping quality and weight)
The goods are inspected at the factory or at the port of shipment