2020江苏高考英语二轮讲义：专题一第六讲 非谓语动词

第六讲非谓语动词[学生用书P22]

命题者说|Ｋ非谓语动词是动词的变体，是为了满足动词作除了谓语之外的其他成分而产生的。从该意义上来说，非谓语动词是动词的升级版本，弥补了动词的先天不足。根据非谓语动词类别及功能，在单项填空题中以考查非谓语动词作状语和定语为主，作主语和表语也是考查重点之一。高考中继续加强了对非谓语动词的考查，而且分词作状语和定语仍是考查的重点，对于不定式，考查热度仍然不减，尤其是不定式作状语和定语的用法。

[学生用书P22]

非谓语动词作状语

Ⅰ示之以范 ____________________________________________原则这样运用

1．(2019·江苏卷)________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.

A．To enjoy B．Enjoying

C．To have enjoyed D．Enjoy

A详细分析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了享受电子支付的便利，许多老年人开始使用智能手机。分析句子结构可知，这里表示目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。

2．(2018·江苏卷)Around 13，500 new jobs were created during the period, ________ the expected number of 12，000 held by market analysts.

A．having exceeded B．to exceed

C．exceeded D．exceeding

D详细分析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这段时间大约13 500个新的工作岗位被创造了出来，超过了市场分析人士预计的12 000个。exceed与主语是逻辑上的主谓关系，故选择exceeding。

3．(2018·北京卷)During the Mid－Autumn Festival, family members often gather together ________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.

A．share B．to share

C．having shared D．shared

B详细分析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家庭成员常常欢聚一堂，享受大餐、赏月并品尝月饼。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处用不定式作目的状语。

Ⅱ通关点击____________________________________________原则这样解读

1．非谓语动词作目的状语，要想到用不定式；

To succeed, we must make good preparation.

要取得成功必须做好准备。

2．非谓语动词作伴随状语，要想到用现在分词；

The students rushed out of the classroom, laughing and talking.

学生们又说又笑地冲出教室。

3．非谓语动词作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果要想到用不定式，表示必然的结果要想到用现在分词；

He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left.

他匆匆赶到车站结果却发现火车已经离开了。(表出乎意料的结果)

(陕西卷)More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.

中国又建了更多高速公路，这使人们从一处到另一处的出行变得更容易了。(表结果) 4．非谓语动词作原因状语，表示“喜怒哀乐”的形容词要想到用不定式；非谓语动词作时间状语、条件状语和原因状语等要想到用分词。

I am only too glad to see everything settled.

看到一切问题都解决了，我很高兴。

Being tired, he went to bed early.

因为很累，他很早就睡了。

Seeing the police, the thieves ran away.

看到警察，小偷就跑了。

源于系表结构的部分过去分词作状语，表示句子主语所处的一种状态，常见的有seated(坐着的)，devoted(专注的)，lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿着)等。

Absorbed in his book, he didn’t notice me enter the room.

他专注读书，没注意到我进入房间。

Ⅲ变式训练____________________________________________原则这样提升

1．Some people try to knock me down，only ________ me more determined to do things better.

A．having made B．make

C．to make D．making

C详细分析：考查非谓语动词。句意：有些人试图把我击倒，结果却使我更加坚定地去把事情做得更好。only与不定式连用，用来表示意想不到的结果。

2．Due to the newly­discovered flu, a general anxiousness developed and spread, ________ a sharp decrease of dining out.

A．caused B．having caused

C．to cause D．causing

D详细分析：考查非谓语动词。句意：因为这种最新发现的流感，一种普遍的焦虑情绪滋生出来并且不断蔓延，这导致外出吃饭的人数急剧减少。分析句子结构可知，cause与其逻辑主语是主动关系，应用v.­ing形式作结果状语，所以选D。

非谓语动词作定语

Ⅰ示之以范 ____________________________________________原则这样运用

1．(2019·天津卷)Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ________ to help them succeed academically and personally.

A．designed B．designing

C．to design D．being designed

A详细分析：考查过去分词。句意：大多数大学现在给大一学生提供一门专门设计的来帮助他们在学术和个人事务上成功的课程。此处course与design之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故选A。

2．(2017·江苏卷)Many Chinese brands，________their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.