论文作业

On translation of color word from Function Equivalencetheory从功能对等翻译理论看英语颜色词的翻译2.Literature reviewIn this part, the author will present the previous study of the function translation which is useful for the analysis of the translating on the color words. The previous function sends translation theory study and the development will be given a detailed review.2.1 the previous function sends translation theory studyThe function sends translation theory begun to emerge in the 1970s in Germany. It has experienced roughly four stages to become a formal theory:First, Katharina Reiss proposed the function faction in a book Possibility and Limitations in Translation Cirticism published in 1971. This is the embryonic form of the Theory in thought level. In this book, Reiss introduced the context of translation criticism feature, linked with language features, text type and translating strategies, and develop mode of translation criticism based on the relationship between the source text and the target language translation function , raising the functional theory of prototype. Reiss believes that the ideal translation should be peer in the form of conceptual content, language and communicative features with the original, and this translation known as the integrated (integral communicative performance). In practice, however, she realized that the equivalent is not only impossible, but sometimes is not desired by the people, should therefore give priority to the translation of the functional characteristics rather than the principle of reciprocity.Soon after, his student, Hans Vermeer got rid of the shackles of primitive bounds of the equivalence theory focusing on the source language. The creation of the founders theory of the function faction: the translation Skopostheory. According to this kind of theory, the all translation should obey the most important principle: “the goal principle”, the entire translation behavior process decided by the whether thetranslation behavior achieves the goal or not, namely result decides the method. Moreover, the translation should follow the language within a coherent rule "(the intertextual coherence rule) and interlingual coherent rules (the the intertextual coherence rule). Vermeer pointed Translation appointed should include the condition of the the translation goals and objectives are achieved, between the client and the translator, this should clear negotiation teleological also repeatedly stated that the translator should be decided depending on the purpose of the translation translation strategy, but does not rule out the possibility of "code switching" translation is reasonable purpose.Based on the Skopostheory in Vermeer's "theory", JustaHoly-Manttari had further developed the functional translation theory. She named a variety of cross-cultural transformations just as a way to exchange information, treated the translation acts as a complex activities for the specific purposes of a reality. Her centralized academic point of view is reflected in a book published in 1984, the act of translation - theory and methods. This theory will regard translation as purpose-driven, results-oriented interpersonal interactions, and put down to the behavior in the process of translation and roles of the participants a detailed analysis, mainly include: the initiator／client, the commissioner, the ST producer, the TT producer, the TT user, the TT receiver. They are not involved in each translation process, sometimes a person can assume several different roles simultaneously. Translation theory and the Skopos theory has many similarities, and Vermeer later fuse of the two.In the 1990s, Christinae Nord summarized the theory of the functional translation and had written a book named TranslatingaSaPur—posefulActivity , put forward the principle of "loyalty" to improve the functional translation theory. In her book Text Analysis in Translation, 1991, she elaborated on the translation of text in an analysis of the internal and external factors to be considered, and how to make a proper strategy suit the translation goal on the basis of features in the original. Furthermore, she divided translation into instrumental translation and documentary translation. In the book Translating as a Purposeful Activity: Functionalist ApproachesExplained,1997. She had not only summarized the functional theory, but also put forward the functionality plus loyalty guiding principles to. Loyalty is a moral category, and focusing on translation activities among participants. In terms of methodology of translation teaching and the training of interpreters Nord was meritorious.2.2 the development of the Functional Equivalence theoryFunctional equivalence theory proposed by the famous United States linguist Eugene NIDA, a master of translation, is the core of translation theory. It is one of the theories was introduced early in China. The world of translation had had a great impact in the sixties or seventies in the 20th century. "Functional equivalence" including in four aspects: (1) the lexical equivalence, (2) syntactic equivalence, (3) chapters in equivalent, and (4) style equivalence. Therefore, in the translation of literature, according to NIDA's theory, the translator should be based on four aspects of dynamic equivalence translation principles to accurately reproduce the source language in the target language culture. In 1969, published in the book the theory and practice of translation, NIDA has clearly given the "dynamic equivalence" a definition.: Dynamic equivalence is therefore to be defined in terms of the degree. which the receptors of the message in the receptor language respond to it in substantially the same manner as the receptors in the source language. (Nida，2004: 24) Compared with the previous translation theory, the differences of functional equivalence theory is that while it brings translate into areas of linguistic research, and the readers’ reflect into the culture and Western literary theory to the field of translation studies.2.3 summaryRegardless of its literal translation of the meaning coincidence between English and Chinese in color words, or also in free translation the meaning does not coincidence between English and Chinese, functional translation theory focus on target language, and more focus its purpose on the usual habits of the target language readers. In the translation practice of the specific color words between Chinese andEnglish, the translator should get rid of the idea of making equivalence in traditional way. Based on the differences in the history, literature, life style, thinking logic and psychological feeling, the translator can adopt different translation strategies, like literal translation, free translation and so on with a full understanding of the color words in source language. As a result, enhance the expression effect and the readability of the translation version, and convey the intended purposes of the connotation of the original version as far as possible.ReferencesZhang, P.J.张培基1979, 英语声色词与翻译商务印书馆Fan,J.C.范家材1984 英语修辞赏析上海交通大学出版社Tan,Z.X.谭载喜1984 奈达论翻译中国对外翻译出版社Wu,D.R.吴大荣2003 常用英汉颜色词的比较与翻译贵州民族学院党报Sun,X.H.孙旭华2007 冲突与吸收——从跨文化角度看颜色词的翻译南昌高专学报第4 期Xi,X.Y席绪云从功能对等角度谈汉语诗词中颜色词的翻译Overseas English 海外英语Xu,L.L.徐丽丽2011从功能翻译理论角度谈英汉颜色词的翻译边疆经济与文化第5 期Zhang,L.L.张远丽2009 从文化视角看颜色词的翻译哈尔滨职业技术学院学报第3 期Yang,N.Z. 杨汭枝基于关联理论看颜色词的翻译He,B.何冰浅谈颜色词的翻译——颜色词与语境科技信息Zhu,L. 朱俐2011 认知模式与汉英颜色词的翻译重庆科技学院学报（社会科学版）第7 期Lei,Y.雷英2010 文化差异与英汉基本颜色词的翻译策略研究科学之友Yan,L. 阎丽2009 小议英语颜色词的翻译及其文化内涵科技信息第23期Tang,J.T. 唐金同从功能对等理论角度论文化差异中词的对等翻译科技信息Xiao,L. Yuan,J.H.肖莉袁继红奈达翻译理论述评赤峰学院学报（自然科学版）第28 卷第2 期（下）。