初中动词不定式专题讲解及练习(全面)
初二英语语法不定式详解及习题

初二英语语法:动词不定式详解及习题一..不定式的构成:to+ 动词原形二不定式的特征:不定式不能单独作谓语,没有人称和数的变化,动词不定式具有名词,形容词,和副词的特征,可以在句子中作主语,表语,宾语。
宾语补足语,定语,和状语。
现将用法归纳如下。
(一)、动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置,也可以用先行词it作形式主语,而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。
常见的句式有:(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth(3)It takes sb some time to do sth(4)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.句式注意:当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is…to…的句型(对)To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
(错)It is to believe to see.It's for sb.和It's of sb.1) for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult,interesting, impossible等:It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2) of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。
(二)、动词不定式作宾语1. He wants to buy some vegetables.2. Don't forget to bringyour homework with you when you come to school.3. He found it very difficult ______.常接不定式作宾语的动词;want,like,agree,hope,wish,learn,begin,start,seem,decide,hate,choose,forget,remember等动词后面,可以接不定式作宾语。
人教版英语八年级上册动词不定式讲解,专项练习(附答案)

初中英语语法(动词不定式)1.不定式的基本形式与结构动词不定式指通常由to加上动词原形(如to write) 所构成的一种非限定性动词形式,但在有些情况下to可以省略。
动词不定式有进行体和完成体(如上to be writing,to have written),也有被动态(如to be written),所有的主动词,不论是及物动词还是不及物动词,也不论是动作动词还是状态动词,都有不定式形式。
助动词除be和have外,没有不定式形式。
动词不定式在语法功能上可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
2.不定式的用法1)不定式结构作主语1.Te get contact with his family in Taiwan made him extremely happy since they separated more than 40 years ago.2.To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge.在上述情况下,如果不定式较长,显得头重脚轻,则可由代词让作形式主语(形式主语it不可由that或this等其他代词代替),而将不定式放到后面。
如:1.It made him extremely happy to get contact with his family in Taiwan since they separated more than 40 years ago.2.John admitted that it is always difficult for him to be on time.不定式结构所表示的动作是谁做的,即不定式的逻辑主语,通常可以通过for sb. to do sth. 结构表达:1.It is quite important for us to read good books during a general review.2.It is not difficult fot those talented students to pass the exam.在某些形容词(如careless,clever,considerate,foolish,good,impolite,kind,naughty,nice,silly,stupid等)作表语时,不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语:1.It is very kind of you to tell me the truth.2.It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing.2)不定式作宾语不定式作宾语有两种:一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式,另一种是“及物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式。
动词不定式用法全解(含测试题及答案)

动词不定式用法全解英语动词的非谓语形式为三种:动词不定式、动名词和分词。
非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。
动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语,在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。
动词不定式的形式:第一部分动词不定式的时态一、动词不定式的时态:动词不定式不能在句中作谓语,尽管它本身有时态的变化,但是却不能靠自身的变化形式表示动作发生的具体时间。
动词不定式发生的时间,一般只能根据谓语动词的时间,产生相对的先后时间关系。
1.不定式的一般式,表示不定式的动作与谓语动词动作几乎同时发生,或在谓语动作之后发生,或者不强调不定式动作的时间性。
但不定式表原因时,往往先于谓语动作之前发生。
如:The news will not fail to surprise him.这个消息将不会不使他大吃一惊的。
(不定式动作在将来和谓语动作同时发生)I helped to repair the car.我帮助修理汽车。
(不定式动作在过去与谓语动作同时发生)He didn't know where to go.他不知道该去哪儿。
(不定式稍晚于谓语动作)Tell your brother not to come tomorrow.告诉你哥哥明天不要来。
(不定式晚于谓语动作)判断:He decided to sell his car.I tried to go to school in time.I hope to see you soon不定式表示谓语动作的原因时,往往发生在谓语动作之前。
如:I am very happy to see you here.She seemed surprised to meet us.(先是遇见我们,她然后很吃惊)2.不定式的完成式,通常表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。
初中英语动词不定式部分知识讲解及练习

动词不定式一. 定义:动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特点,既可以有自己的宾语和状语。
同时动词不定式又具有名词、形容词、副词的特征,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
二. 动词不定式的构成:to+动词原形三. 动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作宾语的注意事项(6点)1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有:要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree),期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn),宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know),希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。
如:1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.3)Id love to visit Mexico.2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...,介词结构on...可用疑问词带to 的不定式短语作宾语,但why后面的不定式不带to。
如:1)Could you please tell me where to park my car?2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations.3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面,可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式,句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it + adj. / n. + to do...。
如:I find it difficult to remember everything.4.既可接动词不定式又可接v_ing形式作宾语,意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love等。
初中英语语法(动词不定式)讲解_专项练习及答案.

初中英语语法(动词不定式)1.不定式的基本形式与结构动词不定式指通常由to加上动词原形(如to write) 所构成的一种非限定性动词形式,但在有些情况下to可以省略。
动词不定式有进行体和完成体(如上to be writing,to have written),也有被动态(如to be written),所有的主动词,不论是及物动词还是不及物动词,也不论是动作动词还是状态动词,都有不定式形式。
助动词除be和have外,没有不定式形式。
动词不定式在语法功能上可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
2.不定式的用法1)不定式结构作主语1.Te get contact with his family in Taiwan made him extremely happy since they separated more than 40 years ago.2.To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge.在上述情况下,如果不定式较长,显得头重脚轻,则可由代词让作形式主语(形式主语it不可由that或this等其他代词代替),而将不定式放到后面。
如:1.It made him extremely happy to get contact with his family in Taiwan since they separated more than 40 years ago.2.John admitted that it is always difficult for him to be on time.不定式结构所表示的动作是谁做的,即不定式的逻辑主语,通常可以通过for sb. to do sth. 结构表达:1.It is quite important for us to read good books during a general review.2.It is not difficult fot those talented students to pass the exam.在某些形容词(如careless,clever,considerate,foolish,good,impolite,kind,naughty,nice,silly,stupid等)作表语时,不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语:1.It is very kind of you to tell me the truth.2.It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing.2)不定式作宾语不定式作宾语有两种:一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式,另一种是“及物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式。
动词不定式讲解及练习

第一讲动词不定式+综合练习一、目标展示。
仔细观察下列句子,注意划线部分的用法。
1. Sally never forgets to do her homework.2. I agreed to go with them.3. We decided to go out for dinner.4. I hope to study music in France.5. We plan to visit her tomorrow.二、结构肯定形式to do否定形式not to do三、用法1. 作主语eg: To play on the street is very dangerous for children.注意:(1) 为了避免头重脚轻,通常都将作主语的动词不定式置于句子后面,而在句首的主语位置使用形式主语itTo play on the street is very dangerous for children.= It is very dangerous for children to play on the street.(2) 常见的it 作形式主语,动词不定式作真正主语的句式有:A. It is +adj+for/of sb to do sth.eg. It is kind of you to help me.B. It takes/took sb. +时间/金钱+ to do stheg. It takes me an hour to finish my homework.2. 作表语eg. He seems to be very rich.3. 作宾语eg. She likes to talk about it.注意:it 也可作形式宾语,而把真正作宾语的动词不定式放在后面,主要句式有:make / find / think + it +adj.+ to do sth.eg: I find it hard to learn a foreign language well.4. 作定语当名词或代词前有序数词、the only、the last 等修饰时,名词后面要用to do做定语eg. He is always the first student to go to school.▲四.常见直接接不定式to do 作宾语的动词afford 负担得起agree 同意decide 决定hope 希望learn 学习promise 答应offer 主动提出plan 计划prepare 准备refuse 拒绝want 想要would like 想要,愿意eg. I would like to have a cup of coffee.I hope to meet you tomorrow.▲五.常见构成“动词+宾语+不定式to do”结构的动词advise 建议allow 允许ask 请求tell 告诉encourage 鼓励invite 邀请order 命令teach 教warn 警告eg. The teacher told the students to keep quiet.He asked me to wait for him at the gate.▲★六.特殊情况1. 使役动词后省to 的情况:在主动语态中,let/make/have 等使役动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to;eg. He made me do a lot of homework.2. 感观动词后省to 的情况:在see, hear, notice 等词后用作宾语补足语的不定式须省略to;eg. I saw him enter the hospital.拓展:see/hear/notice + sb. + doing 表示“看到、听到某人正在做某事”eg. I saw him playing basketball on the playground just now.3. 动词help 后既可接to do 也可接do;eg. Can you help me (to) clean the room?4. You’d better 后接不带to 的不定式;eg. You’d better do your homework first.5. 特殊疑问词+ to do【课堂练习】一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
动词不定式和动名词讲解及实战练习(含答案)

动词不定式和动名词讲解及实战练习(含答案)一、动词不定式1、动词不定式的形式动词不定式一般由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成,有的不定式可省略to。
不定式的否定形式是“not to (do)”He asked me to play chess with him。
他让我和他一起下国际象棋。
(带1o)1 saw a boy go across the road just now。
我看见有个男孩刚才过了马路。
(不带to)The teacher told me not to be late again. 老师告诉我不要再迟到。
(否定形式动词不定式的用法2、动词不定式的用法动词不定式在句子中不能作谓语,但可以用作主语、宾语、表语,定语、状语、宾语补足语和同位语。
虽不作谓语,但它可以有自己的宾语或状语。
(1)不定式作宾语①不定式作宾语的情况比较多,经常接不定式作宾语(即动词+ to do sth。
结构)的动词有:begin(开始),care(愿意),ask(要求),hope(希望),learn(学会),expect(期望),want(想要),wish(希望),forget(忘记),like(喜欢),decide(决定),try(尝试),continue(继续),prefer(比较喜欢),pretend(假装)等。
如I hope to see the famous scientist。
( to see作hope的宾语)我希望看见那位著名的科学家。
②不定式作某些形容词的宾语。
例:ready(准备好),anxious(急于),able(能够),sure(一定),glad(高兴),sorry(难过),afraid(害怕),pleased(高兴),willing(愿意)等。
如I’m glad to meet you。
( to meet作glad的宾语)见到你很高兴。
③不定式和疑问词连用作宾语。
如:when to do(什么时候做);how to do(怎样做);what to do(做什么);why to do(为什么做);which to do(做哪一个)等。
初中语法动词不定式讲解及习题

动词不定式动词不定式不能做谓语,一种非谓语动词结构。
有些动词不定式不带to,动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。
一、结构主动式:to+动词原形;否定形式:not to+动词原形被动式:to be+动词的过去分词二、用法1、作主语动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
(1)常用it作形式主语;真正的主语:“动词不定式”①It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do sth. (adj.为necessary,important等)It is easy for us to learn English.②It+be+形容词+of sb.+to do sth. (adj.为人的品质,clever,good,kind等)“It is stupid of you to write down everything”,the teacher says.③It+be+名词+to do sth.It's our duty to take good care of the old.④It seems(appears)+形容词+to do sth.It seemed impossible to save money.(2)把不定式置于句首。
如:To get there by bike will take us half an hour.(3)带疑问词的不定式短语作主语How to solve the problem is hard for him.2、作表语动词不定式作表语,常说明主语的内容、性质、特征,通常放在连系动词(主要是be动词)后。
1.The best way to improve your English is to join an English club.2.The first thing is to greet the teacher.注意:不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作;动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
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语法:动词不定式动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分(主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语);动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,同时还保持动词的某些特点,既可以有自己的宾语和状语,动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。
一、构成:to do .否定式not to do二、常见时态:一般时to do 进行时to be doing 完成式to have done完成进行式to have been doing三、动词不定式在句子中的成分1、作句子的主语:现实中常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语动词不定式(或短语)后置。
比较下列句子To lear n from your frie nds is importa nt.=lt is importa nt to lear n from your frie nds . ______ To leave without say ing goodbye is impolite.= It is impolite to leave without saying ________ goodbye.To chat with Miss White is a pleasa nt thi ng.=lt is a pleasa nt thi ng to chat with Miss ______ White.To walk to school takes me ten minu tes.=lt takes me ten minu tes to walk to school. _______ 句型总结It is + adj. + of sb. to do sb:・i= are +adj. +to do 在以某些表示人的品质、特征等的形容词(如kind、good、nice、wrong、clever、right等)作表语时,不定式之前常加一个引起的短语,说明不定式指的是谁的情况(可以理解为某人的好,坏,聪明,愚蠢,对,错等等)。
It is very kind of you to help me.It ' s not polite of himto speak to old people like that.It is + adj. + for sb. to do …乞aisb+Odj. +to do 女:果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的,则在不定式前加一个for引起的短语,即不定式的逻辑主语。
It is n ecessary for us to study hard ___It is easy for him to speak En glish.动词不定式作主语练习1. It's our duty the room every day.A. to clea nB. clea nedC. clea nD. cleans(甘肃省)2. It's hard for us En glish well.A. learnB. lear nsC. to lear nD. learning(江西省)3. 建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。
It will _____ the workers over a year _________ the flyover.(北京市海淀区)4. It's very nice ____ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup.A. for ,ofB. of,forC. to,forD. of,to(安徽省)KEYS: 1. A 2.C 3. take, to build 4. B2、作句子的表语:不定式放在be动词后面,用作表语如:Her dream is to be a policema n.My job is to help the patie nt.Your task is to clea n the classroom.My dream is to own a robot.The doctor ' s suggesti o nase more exercise.The best way is to talk to your pare nts.His pla n is to travel to Beijing this summer. ___My purpose is to help you solve this problem.3、作句子的宾语:不定式放在及物动词后,用作宾语。
能跟不定式作宾语的动词(及物)彳艮多,常见的有want, like, hate, wish, hope, prefer, try, ask, start, begin, decide, learn, choose, agree, expect, remember, forget, plan, decide, would like, need, choose, agree, promise, refuse, set out, man age, prete nd,I want to go home.The workers demanded to get better pay.They began to read and write.She forgot to close the door.He wan ted to borrow my CD player.I hope to speak En glish well.The workers demanded to get better pay .I hope to hear from you soon.Joh n does n wa n t to be the host of the charity show.They are trying to solve the problem by himself.Millio ns of people have learned to use computers.有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语,也可跟动名词作宾语,但含义不同:forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forget doi ng sth. 忘记曾经做过某事stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事stop doing sth.停止做某事go on to do sth.继续做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做原来在做的事 n eed to do sth.需要做某事 need doi ng sth. 需要被做Don ' t forgfeo turn off the lights before leaving. Father must stop smok ing.This bike n eeds repairi ng/me nding.注意1 :动词不定式作宾语时如带有宾语补足语,则要把不定式放在后面,用it 作形式主语,构成 主语+动词+it+宾补(形容词、名词)+不定式”结构I found it necessary to talk to him again. I found it important to lear n En glish. I fond it difficult to lear n physics.注意2 :常用带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有want, ask, tell, order, get,wish, allow, invite, teach, encourage, beg,等。
构成 “ vt,+sb.+(not)to do sth. 结构。
The teacher told us to read the text. He asked me not to tell you the news. His pare nts did n ' t allow him to play. I expect you to give me some help.Mr.Lu asks ue to hand in our homework on time. The docter advised Mr. Gree n to drink more water. Mr. Wu tells the students not to shout in class Mrs. Read whishes her son to learn English well.注意3 :不定式作宾补省去to 的情况(在被动语态中则to 不能省掉)常用省去to 的动词不定式作补足语的动词有:一感(feel )、二听(hear, listen to )、 三让(make, let, have )、四看(look at, see, watch, notice, observe )、半帮助 help (可 带 to ,也可不带 to help sb (to) do sth )I made him tblo his work.. ---------------------- Please liste n to me to_s ing this song aga in.In ternet bars must n'lett an ybody watch bad thin gs, especially childre n. --------------- l etsb.do sth.He ofte n helps (to ) clea n the room.Mr. Zhang always helps us (to ) learn English.make sb.do sth.liste n to sb.do sth. n my door. ------------------- The boss made the girl to w°rk ten hour a day. You must watch me tdlo everything --------------I felt some one tofeel sb.do sth. make sb.do sth.watch sb.do sth.被动语to要加上He was made to do his work (by me)They are made to work for 12 hours a day.He was heard to speak in the n ext room.Joh n was made to wash the car for a week as a puni shme nt.The patie nt was warned not to eat food after the operati on.Intern et bars mustn ' t let anybody watch bad things, especially children.动词不定式作宾语练习1. He wants __ some vegetables.A. buyB. buyingC. to buyD. buys (山西省)2. Don't forget ______ your homework with you whe n you come to school.A. to bringB. bringingC. to takeD. taking (福建省)3. He found it very difficult __A. sleepingB. sleepsC. sleptD. to fall asleep (湖南省)4. Robert ofte n asks us _____ his Chin ese, so his Chin ese is much better tha n before.A. help himB. to help him withC. to help withD. helps him with (江苏省)5. Mr Li ofte n teaches his Japa nese friends ____ Chin ese food.A. cookB. cooksC. to cookD. cooked (甘肃省)6. We saw him _ the buildi ng and go upstairs.A. to enterB. enterC. enteringD. entered (河南省)7. So much work usually makes them __very tired.A. to feelB. feelsC. feeli ngD. feel8. Your father is sleep ing. You'd better ____ .A. not wake up himB. not to wake up himC. not wake him upD. not to wake him up (陕西省)9. I was made __ my homework in the after noon.A. doB. doi ngC. to doD. didKeys : 1. C 2. A 3. D 4.B 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. C4、作句子的定语:|不定式作定语时,应放在被修饰词的后面作后置定语。