江苏省海安高级中学高三年级第三次统测牛津版
2020届江苏省南通市海安高级中学高三阶段测试三数学试题(解析版)
2020届江苏省南通市海安高级中学高三阶段测试三数学试题一、填空题1．设全集{1,2,3,4,5}U =,若{1,2,4}U A =ð，则集合A =_________. 【答案】{3,5}.【解析】直接求根据{1,2,4}U A =ð求出集合A 即可. 【详解】解：因为全集{1,2,3,4,5}U =若{1,2,4}U A =ð， 则集合A ={3,5}. 故答案为：{3,5}. 【点睛】本题考查补集的运算，是基础题.2．已经复数z 满足(2)1z i i -=+（i 是虚数单位），则复数z 的模是________． 10 【解析】【详解】(2)1z i i -=+Q ，11323,i iz i i i++∴=+==- 10z =10.3．已知一组数据123,,a a a ，…，n a 的平均数为a ，极差为d ，方差为2S ，则数据121,a +221,a +321a +，…，21n a +的方差为___________.【答案】24S【解析】根据在一组数据的所有数字上都乘以同一个数字，得到的新数据的方差是原来数据的平方倍，得到结果． 【详解】解： ∵数据123,,a a a ，…，n a 的方差为2S ，∴数据121,a +221,a +321a +，…，21n a +的方差是22224S S ⨯=， 故答案为：24S . 【点睛】此题主要考查了方差，关键是掌握方差与数据的变化之间的关系． 4．如图是一个算法的伪代码，其输出的结果为_______．【答案】1011【解析】由题设提供的算法流程图可知:1111101122310111111S =++⋅⋅⋅+=-=⨯⨯⨯，应填答案1011． 5．从0,2 中选一个数字,从1,3,5中选两个数字,组成无重复数字的三位数,其中奇数的个数为______。
【答案】18【解析】试题分析：分类讨论：从0、2中选一个数字0，则0只能排在十位；从0、2中选一个数字2，则2排在十位或百位，由此可得结论．解：从0、2中选一个数字0，则0只能排在十位，从1、3、5中选两个数字排在个位与百位，共有23A =6种；从0、2中选一个数字2，则2排在十位，从1、3、5中选两个数字排在个位与百位，共有23A =6种； 2排在百位，从1、3、5中选两个数字排在个位与十位，共有23A =6种；故共有323A =18种，故答案为18． 【考点】计数原理点评：本题考查计数原理的运用，考查分类讨论的数学思想，正确分类是关键6．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，若双曲线()2222:10,0x y C a b a b-=>>10，则双曲线C 的渐近线方程为_______． 【答案】3y x =±【解析】10，可以得到10ca=222a b c +=求出,a b 的关系，从而得出渐近线的方程. 【详解】解：因为双曲线()2222:10,0x y C a b a b-=>>10，所以10ca= 故2210c a=， 又因为222a b c +=，所以22210a b a +=，即229b a=，即3=b a ， 所以双曲线的渐近线3y x =±. 【点睛】本题考查了双曲线渐近线的问题，解题的关键是由题意解析出,a b 的关系，从而解决问题. 7．将函数f(x)的图象向右平移π6个单位后得到函数()π4sin 23y x =-的图象，则()π4f 为 ．【答案】4【解析】试题分析：将函数f(x)的图象向右平移π6个单位后得到函数()π4sin 23y x =-的图象，即将函数()π4sin 23y x =-的图象向左平移π6个单位得y=4sin[2（x+π6）π3-]=4sin2x ，所以()π4f =4sin 42π=. 故答案为：4．【考点】三角函数的图象平移.8．设定义在R 上的奇函数()f x 在区间[0,)+∞上是单调减函数，且()23(2)0f x x f -+>，则实数x的取值范围是_________ 【答案】(1,2)【解析】根据题意，由函数的奇偶性和单调性分析可得函数()f x 在R 上为减函数，则()23(2)0f x x f -+>可以转化为232x x -<-，解可得x 的取值范围，即可得答案．【详解】解：根据题意，()f x 是在R 上的奇函数，且在区间[0,)+∞上是单调减函数， 则其在区间(,0)-∞上递减， 则函数()f x 在R 上为减函数，()()22223(2)03(2)(3)(2)32f x x f f x x f f x x f x x -+>⇒->-⇒->-⇒-<-，解得：12x <<；即实数x 的取值范围是(1,2)； 故答案为：(1,2)． 【点睛】本题考查函数的单调性与奇偶性的综合应用，关键是分析函数在整个定义域上的单调性． 9．在锐角三角形ABC 中3sin 5A =，1tan()3A B -=-，则3tan C 的值为_________.【答案】79【解析】由题意可得tan A ，进而可得tan B ，而tan tan()C A B =-+，由两角和与差的正切公式可得． 【详解】解：∵在锐角三角形ABC 中3sin 5A =， 24cos 1sin 5A A ∴=-=， sin 3tan cos 4A A A ∴==， 31tan tan()1343tan tan[()]311tan tan()9143A A B B A A B A A B +--∴=--===+--⨯， 313tan tan 7949tan tan()3131tan tan 3149A B C A B A B ++∴=-+=-=-=--⨯， 3tan 79C ∴=故答案为：79． 【点睛】本题考查两角和与差的正切公式，属中档题．10．已知n S 为数列{}n a 的前n 项和3(1)(*)n n S na n n n N =--∈且211a =.则1a 的值________ 【答案】5【解析】由3(1)(*)n n S na n n n N =--∈，且211a =．取2n =即可得出． 【详解】解：∵3(1)(*)n n S na n n n N =--∈，且211a =．12226a a a ∴+=-，即1265a a =-=．故答案为：5. 【点睛】本题考查了递推式的简单应用，是基础题. 11．设正实数x ，y 满足x yxy x y+=-，则实数x 的最小值为______. 21.【解析】由正实数x ，y 满足x y xy x y +=-，化为()2210xy x y x +-+=，可得()222212121401010x x x y y x y y ⎧∆=--≥⎪⎪-⎪+=>⎨⎪=>⎪⎪⎩，计算即可． 【详解】解：由正实数x ，y 满足x yxy x y+=-， 化为()2210xy xy x +-+=，∴()222212121401010x x x y y x y y ⎧∆=--≥⎪⎪-⎪+=>⎨⎪=>⎪⎪⎩，化为426101x x x ⎧-+≥⎨>⎩， 解得21x ≥．因此实数x 21．故答案为：21+． 【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的实数根与判别式、根与系数的关系、一元二次不等式的解法，考查了推理能力和计算能力，属于中档题．12．如图正四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -的体积为27，点E ，F 分别为棱11,B B C C 上的点（异于端点）且//EF BC ，则四棱锥1A AEFD -的体积为___________.【答案】9【解析】由11113A AED E A AD A AD V V S AB --∆==⋅，由此能求出四棱锥1A AEFD -的体积． 【详解】 解：连接DE ，∵正四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -的体积为27，点E ，F 分别为棱11,B B C C 上的点（异于端点），且//EF BC ，11A AED A FED V V --∴=，1111111111193662A AED E A AD A AD A ADD ABCD A C D V V S AB S AB V --∆-∴==⋅=⋅==，∴四棱锥1A AEFD -的体积19A AEFD V -=．故答案为：9． 【点睛】本题考查四棱锥的体积的求法，考查空间中线线、线面、面面间的位置关系等基础知识，考查空间想象能力、运算求解能力，是中档题．13．已知向量,,a b c r r r 满足0a b c ++=r r r 且a r 与b r 的夹角的正切为12-，b r 与c r 的夹角的正切为13-，||2b =r ，则a c ⋅r r的值为___________.【答案】45【解析】可设,,AB a BC b CA c ===u u u r u u u r u u u r r r r ，由题意可得11tan ,tan 23B C ==，由两角和的正切公式，可得tan A ，再由同角的基本关系式可得sin ,sin B C ，再由正弦定理可得AB ，AC ，由数量积的定义即可得到所求值． 【详解】解：可设,,AB a BC b CA c ===u u u r u u u r u u u r r r r，由题意可得11tan ,tan 23B C ==， 则11tan tan 23tan tan()1111tan tan 123B C A B C B C ++=-+=-=-=---⨯， 即为135A ︒=，又,B C 为锐角，22sin 1sin cos 1,cos 2B B B B +==， 可得5sin 5B =， 同理可得10sin C =， 由正弦定理可得2sin135510︒==r r，即有2102555c a ==r r ，则2102524||||cos 4525a c c a ︒⋅=⋅⋅==u u rr r r ．故答案为：45． 【点睛】本题考查向量的数量积的定义，考查正弦定理和三角函数的化简和求值，以及运算求解能力，属于中档题．14．已知()(2)(3),()22x f x m x m x m g x =-++=-，若同时满足条件：①,()0x R f x ∀∈<或()0<g x ；②(,4),()()0x f x g x ∃∈-∞-<.则m 的取值范围是________________.【答案】()4,2m ∈--【解析】根据()220xg x =-<可解得x<1,由于题目中第一个条件的限制，导致f(x)在1x ≥是必须是()0f x <，当m=0时，()0f x =不能做到f(x)在1x ≥时()0f x <，所以舍掉，因此，f(x)作为二次函数开口只能向下，故m<0,且此时2个根为122,3x m x m ==--，为保证条件成立，只需1221{31x m x m =<=--<1{24m m <⇒>-，和大前提m<0取交集结果为40m -<<；又由于条件2的限制，可分析得出在(,4),()x f x ∃∈-∞-恒负，因此就需要在这个范围内g(x)有得正数的可能，即-4应该比12x x 两个根中较小的来的大，当(1,0)m ∈-时，34m --<-，解得交集为空，舍．当m=-1时，两个根同为24->-，舍．当(4,1)m ∈--时，24m <-，解得2m <-，综上所述，(4,2)m ∈--．【考点定位】本题考查学生函数的综合能力，涉及到二次函数的图像开口，根大小，涉及到指数函数的单调性，还涉及到简易逻辑中的“或”，还考查了分类讨论思想．二、解答题15．已知ABC ∆的面积为3()18AC AB CB ⋅-=u u u r u u u r u u u r ，向量(tan tan ,sin 2)m A B C =+u r和向量(1,cos cos )n A B =r是共线向量.（1）求角C ；（2）求ABC ∆的边长c .【答案】(1) 3C π=(2) 36【解析】（1）利用向量共线的条件，建立等式，再利用和角的正弦公式化简等式，即可求得角C ；（2）由()18AC AB CB ⋅-=u u u r u u u r u u u r 得：2()18AC AB BC AC ⋅+==u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r ，进而利用ABC ∆的面积为93，及余弦定理可求ABC ∆的边长c ． 【详解】（1）因为向量(tan tan ,sin 2)m A B C =+r 和(1,cos cos )n A B =r是共线向量， 所以cos cos (tan tan )sin 20A B A B C +-=， 即sin cos cos sin 2sin cos 0A B A B C C +-=， 化简sin 2sin cos 0C C C -=， 即sin (12cos )0C C -=.因为0C π<<，所以sin 0C >，从而1cos ,2C =3C π=.（2）()18AC AB CB ⋅-=u u u r u u u r u u u r Q ，18()AC AB CB ∴=⋅-u u u r u u u r u u u r 2||AC AC AC =⋅=u u u r u u u r u u u r 则||1832AC ==u u u r32AC =因为ABC V 的面积为93， 所以1sin 932CA CB C ⋅= 即132sin 9323CB π⨯=解得62CB =在ABC V 中，由余弦定理得2222cos AB CA CB CA CB C =+-⋅221(32)(62)232622=+-⨯54=，所以5436AB ==【点睛】本题重点考查正弦、余弦定理的运用，考查向量知识的运用，解题的关键是正确运用正弦、余弦定理求出三角形的边．16．如图，四棱锥P－ABCD的底面为矩形，且AB＝2，BC＝1，E，F分别为AB，PC中点.（1）求证：EF∥平面PAD；（2）若平面PAC⊥平面ABCD，求证：平面PAC⊥平面PDE.【答案】证明：（1）方法一：取线段PD的中点M，连结FM，AM．因为F为PC的中点，所以FM∥CD，且FM＝12 CD．因为四边形ABCD为矩形，E为AB的中点，所以EA∥CD，且EA＝12 CD．所以FM∥EA，且FM＝EA．所以四边形AEFM为平行四边形．所以EF∥AM．……………………… 5分又AM⊂平面PAD，EF⊄平面PAD，所以EF∥平面PAD．………7分方法二：连结CE并延长交DA的延长线于N，连结PN．因为四边形ABCD为矩形，所以AD∥BC，所以∠BCE＝∠ANE，∠CBE＝∠NAE．又AE＝EB，所以△CEB≌△NEA．所以CE＝NE．又F为PC的中点，所以EF∥NP．………… 5分又NP⊂平面PAD，EF⊄平面PAD，所以EF∥平面PAD．……………7分方法三：取CD的中点Q，连结FQ，EQ．在矩形ABCD中，E为AB的中点，所以AE＝DQ，且AE∥DQ．所以四边形AEQD为平行四边形，所以EQ∥AD．又AD⊂平面PAD，EQ⊄平面PAD，所以EQ∥平面PAD．………………2分因为Q，F分别为CD，CP的中点，所以FQ∥PD．又PD⊂平面PAD，FQ⊄平面PAD，所以FQ∥平面PAD．又FQ，EQ⊂平面EQF，FQ∩EQ＝Q，所以平面EQF∥平面PAD．…………… 5分因为EF⊂平面EQF，所以EF∥平面PAD．……………………………… 7分（2）设AC，DE相交于G．在矩形ABCD中，因为AB＝2BC，E为AB的中点.所以DAAE＝CDDA＝2．又∠DAE＝∠CDA，所以△DAE∽△CDA，所以∠ADE＝∠DCA．又∠ADE＋∠CDE＝∠ADC＝90°，所以∠DCA＋∠CDE＝90°．由△DGC的内角和为180°，得∠DGC＝90°．即DE⊥AC．……………………… 10分因为平面PAC⊥平面ABCD 因为DE⊂平面ABCD，所以DE⊥平面PAC，又DE⊂平面PDE，所以平面PAC⊥平面PDE．………………………… 14分【解析】略17．如图，OM，ON是两条海岸线，Q为海中一个小岛，A为海岸线OM上的一个码头．已知，，Q到海岸线OM，ON的距离分别为3 km，km．现要在海岸线ON上再建一个码头，使得在水上旅游直线AB经过小岛Q．（1）求水上旅游线AB的长；（2）若小岛正北方向距离小岛6 km处的海中有一个圆形强水波P，从水波生成t h时的半径为（a 为大于零的常数）．强水波开始生成时，一游轮以km/h的速度自码头A开往码头B，问实数a在什么范围取值时，强水波不会波及游轮的航行．【答案】（1）（2）【解析】试题分析：（1）由条件建立直角坐标系较为方便表示：，直线的方程为．由Q到海岸线ON的距离为km，得，解得，再由两直线交点得，利用两点间距离公式得（2）由题意是一个不等式恒成立问题：设小时时，游轮在线段上的点处，而不等式恒成立问题往往利用变量分离将其转化为对应函数最值问题：试题解析：（1）以点为坐标原点，直线为轴，建立直角坐标系如图所示．则由题设得：，直线的方程为．由，及得，∴．∴直线的方程为，即，由得即，∴，即水上旅游线的长为．（2）设试验产生的强水波圆，由题意可得P（3，9），生成小时时，游轮在线段上的点处，则，∴．强水波不会波及游轮的航行即，当时 ，当.，，当且仅当时等号成立，所以，在时恒成立，亦即强水波不会波及游轮的航行．【考点】函数实际应用，不等式恒成立18．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中已知椭圆222:1(0)3x y E a b a +=>>过点61,2⎛ ⎝⎭，其左、右焦点分别为12F F 、，离心率为22.（1）求椭圆E 的方程；（2）若A ，B 分别为椭圆E 的左、右顶点，动点M 满足MB AB ⊥，且MA 交椭圆E 于点P . （i ）求证：OP OM ⋅uu u r uuu r为定值；（ii ）设PB 与以PM 为直径的圆的另一交点为Q ，问：直线MQ 是否过定点，并说明理由.【答案】(1) 22142x y += (2) （i ）证明见解析，定值为4 （ii ）直线MQ 过定点(0,0)O .【解析】（1）由题意得离心率公式和点满足的方程，结合椭圆的,,a b c 的关系，可得,a b ，进而得到椭圆方程；（2）（i ）设()02,,M y ()11,P x y ，求得直线MA 的方程，代入椭圆方程，解得点P 的坐标，再由向量的数量积的坐标表示，计算即可得证；（ii ）直线MQ 过定点O （0，0）．先求得PB 的斜率，再由圆的性质可得MQ ⊥PB ，求出MQ 的斜率，再求直线MQ 的方程，即可得到定点． 【详解】解：（1）易得22312122a b c a⎧⎪+=⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩，且222c a b =-， 解得2242a b ⎧=⎨=⎩，，所以椭圆E 的方程为22142x y +=（2）设()02,,M y ()11,P x y ， ①易得直线MA 的方程为：0042y yy x =+， 代入椭圆22142x y +=得，2222000140822y y y x x ⎛⎫+++-= ⎪⎝⎭， 由()201204828y x y --=+得，()20120288y x y --=+，从而012088y y y =+， 所以示()()20002200288,2,88y y OP OM y y y ⎛⎫-- ⎪⋅=⋅ ⎪++⎝⎭u u u r u u u u r ()22002200488488y y y y --=+=++， ②直线MQ 过定点(0,0)O ，理由如下：依题意，()2020020882288PBy y k y y y +==---+， 由MQ PB ⊥得，02MQ y k =， 则MQ 的方程为：00(2)2y y y x -=-，即02yy x =，所以直线MQ 过定点(0,0)O . 【点睛】本题考查椭圆的方程和性质，主要考查椭圆的离心率公式和方程的运用，注意联立直线方程和椭圆方程，运用韦达定理，同时考查向量的数量积的坐标表示和直线和圆的位置关系，属于中档题． 19．已知数列{}n a 满足：123a a a k ===（常数0k >），111n n n n K a a a a -+-+=()*3,n n N ≥∈.数列{}n b 满足：21n n n n a a b a +++=()*n N ∈. （1）求1,b 2,b 3,b 4b 的值； （2）求出数列{}n b 的通项公式；（3）问：数列{}n a 的每一项能否均为整数？若能，求出k 的所有可能值；若不能，请说明理由.【答案】(1) 132b b ==，2421k b b k +==；(2) 41122nn k b k k+-=+（）； (3) k 为1，2时数列{}n a 是整数列.【解析】（1）经过计算可知：45621,2,4a k a k a k k=+=+=++，由数列{}n b 满足：21n n n n a a b a +++=（n＝1，2，3，4…），从而可求1,b 2,b 3,b 4b ；（2）由条件可知121n n n n a a k a a +--=+．得211n n n n a a k a a +-+=+，两式相减整理得2n n b b -=，从而可求数列{}n b 的通项公式；（3）假设存在正数k ，使得数列{}n a 的每一项均为整数，则由（2）可知：2122122222211n n n n n n a a a k a a a k +-+=-⎧⎪+⎨=+-⎪⎩，由1a k Z =∈，624Z a k k =++∈，可求得1,2k =．证明1,2k =时，满足题意，说明1,2k =时，数列{}n a 是整数列． 【详解】（1）由已知可知：45621,2,4a k a k a k k=+=+=++， 把数列{}n a 的项代入21n n n n b a a a =+++求得132b b ==，2421k b b k+==； （2）由121n n n n k a a a a --++=3,n n N ≥∈*（） 可知：121n n n n a a k a a +--=+① 则：211n n n n a a k a a +-+=+② ①−②有：2211n n n nn n a a a a a a +-+-++=，即：2n n b b -=2123n n b b --∴==…13122a a b a +===，222n n b b -== (242321)a a kb a k++===，41122nn k b k k+-∴=+（）； （3）假设存在正数k 使得数列{}n a 的每一项均为整数，则由（2）可知：2122122222211n n n n n n a a a k a a a k +-+=-⎧⎪+⎨=+-⎪⎩③， 由1a k Z =∈，624Z a k k=++∈，可知1k =，2. 当1k =时，213k k+=为整数，利用123,,a a a Z ∈结合③式可知{}n a 的每一项均为整数； 当2k =时，③变为2122122222512n n n n n n a a a a a a +-+=-⎧⎪⎨=+-⎪⎩④ 用数学归纳法证明21n a -为偶数，2n a 为整数.1n =时结论显然成立，假设n k =时结论成立，这时21n a -为偶数，2n a 为整数，故212212n n n a a a +-=-为偶数，22n a +为整数，1n k ∴=+时，命题成立.故数列{}n a 是整数列.综上所述k 为1，2时数列{}n a 是整数列. 【点睛】本题考查了等差数列的基本性质和数列的递推公式，考查了学生的计算能力和对数列的综合掌握，注意分类讨论思想和转化思想的运用，属于难题． 20．设函数()()ln ,f x x a x x a =--+a R ∈. （1）若0a =求函数()f x 的单调区间；（2）若0a <试判断函数()f x 在区间()22,e e -内的极值点的个数，并说明理由；（3）求证：对任意的正数a 都存在实数t 满足：对任意的(,)x t t a ∈+，()1f x a <-. 【答案】(1) 单调递减区间为(0,1)单调递增区间为(1,)+∞. (2) 见解析 (3)证明见解析【解析】（1）求解()ln f x x '=，利用()0,()0f x f x ''><，解不等式求解单调递增区间，单调递减区间；（2）'()ln af x x x=-，其中0x >， 再次构造函数令()ln g x x x a =-，分析()g x 的零点情况．()ln 1g x x '=+，令1()0,g x x e'==，列表分析得出()g x 单调性，求其最小值， 分类讨论求解①若1a e≤-，②若212a e e -<<-，③若220,()a f x e -≤<的单调性，()f x 最大值，最小值，确定有无零点问题；（3）先猜想(1,1),()1x a f x a ∈+<-恒成立．再运用导数判断证明．令'1()ln 1,1,()10G x x x x G x x=-+≥=-≤，求解最大值，得出()(1)0G x G <=即可． 【详解】（1）当0a =时，()ln f x x x x =-，()ln f x x '=， 令()0f x '=，1x =，列表分析x (0,1)1(1,)+∞()f x '− 0 + ()f x单调递减单调递增故()f x 的单调递减区间为(0,1)单调递增区间为(1,)+∞.（2）()()ln f x x a x x a =--+，()ln f x x ax '=-，其中0x >， 令()ln g x x x a =-，分析()g x 的零点情况.()ln 1g x x '=+ 令()0g x '=，1x e=，列表分析 x(0,1e)1e(1,)e +∞()g x '− 0 +()g x单调递减 单调递增min 11()()g x g a e e ==--，而11()1n 1f ae ae e e'=-=--，222()2(2)f e ae ae -'=--=-+22221()2(2)a f e e a e e '=-=-，①若1a e≤-则()ln 0af x x x '=-≥，故()f x 在22(,)e e -内没有极值点；②若212a e e -<<-，则11()1n 0f ae e e '=-<，22()(2)0f e ae -'=-+> 2221()(2)0f e e a e'=->因此()f x '在22(,)e e -有两个零点，()f x 在22(,)e e -内有两个极值点；③若220a e -≤<则11()10f n ae e e '=-<，22()(2)0f e ae -'=-+≤，2221()(2)0f e e a e'=->， 因此()f x '在22(,)e e -有一个零点，()f x 在22(,)e e -内有一个极值点；综上所述当1(,]a e∈-∞-时，()f x 在22(,)e e -内没有极值点；当212,a e e ⎛⎫∈--⎪⎝⎭时，()f x 在22(,)e e -内有两个极值点； 当22,0a e ⎡⎫∈-⎪⎢⎣⎭时，()f x 在22(,)e e -内有一个极值点. （3）猜想：(1,1)x a ∈+，()1f x a <-恒成立. 证明如下：由（2）得()g x 在1(,)e+∞上单调递增，且(1)0g a =-<，(1)(1)ln(1)g a a a a +=++-. 因为当1x >时，1ln 1(*)x x>-，所以1(1)(1)(1)01g a a a a +>+--=+ 故()g x 在(1,1)a +上存在唯一的零点，设为0x .由x 0(1,)x0x0(,1)x a +()f x '− 0 + ()f x单调递减单调递增知(1,1)x a ∈+，()max{(1),(1)}f x f f a <+.又(1)ln(1)1f a a +=+-，而1x >时，ln 1(**)x x <-， 所以(1)(1)111(1)f a a a f +<+--=-=. 即(1,1)x a ∈+，()1f x a <-.所以对任意的正数a ，都存在实数1t =， 使对任意的(,)x t t ∈+∞， 使()1f x a <-. 补充证明(*): 令1()1n 1F x x x =+-，1x ≥.22111()0x F x x x x-'=-=≥， 所以()F x 在[1,)+∞上单调递增.所以1x >时，()(1)0F x F >=，即1ln 1x x>-. 补充证明(**)令()ln 1G x x x =-+，1x ≥.1()10G x x'=-≤， 所以()G x 在[1,)+∞上单调递减.所以1x >时，()(1)0G x G <=，即ln 1x x <-. 【点睛】本题主要考查导数与函数单调性的关系，会熟练运用导数解决函数的极值与最值问题．求函数的单调区间，应该先求出函数的导函数，令导函数大于0得到函数的递增区间，令导函数小于0得到函数的递减区间，考查了不等式与导数的结合，难度较大． 21．已知二阶矩阵，矩阵属于特征值的一个特征向量为，属于特征值的一个特征向量为.求矩阵.【答案】【解析】运用矩阵定义列出方程组求解矩阵 【详解】由特征值、特征向量定义可知，，即，得 同理可得解得，，，.因此矩阵【点睛】本题考查了由矩阵特征值和特征向量求矩阵，只需运用定义得出方程组即可求出结果，较为简单 22．在极坐标系中，已知1,,9,33A B ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，线段AB 的垂直平分线l 与极轴交于点C ，求l 的极坐标方程及ABC ∆的面积．【答案】l 的极坐标方程及cos 53πρθ⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭,203ABC ∆的面积. 【解析】将1,,9,33A B ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭转化为直角坐标系下的坐标形式，然后求出线段AB 的中点与直线AB 的斜率，进而求出直线l 在直角坐标系下的方程，再转化为极坐标方程；在直角坐标系下，求出点C 到直线AB 的距离、线段AB 的长度，从而得出ABC ∆的面积. 【详解】解：以极点为原点，极轴为x 轴的正半轴，建立平面直角坐标系xoy 在平面直角坐标系xoy 中，1,,9,33A B ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ 的坐标为13993(),(22A B线段AB 的中点为553(2A ，3AB k =故线段AB 中垂线的斜率为133AB k k --==， 所以AB 的中垂线方程为：5335)2y x --=- 化简得：3100x +-=， 所以极坐标方程为cos 3sin 100ρθρθ+-=， 即cos()53πρθ-=，令0y =，则10x =，故在平面直角坐标系xoy 中，C （10,0）点C 到直线AB ：3y x =的距离为1035331d ==+ 线段8AB =，故ABC ∆的面积为15382032S =⨯=【点睛】本题考查了直线的极坐标方程问题，解题时可以将极坐标系下的问题转化为平面直角坐标系下的问题，从而转化为熟悉的问题.23．已知实数,a b 满足2a b +≤，求证：22224(2)a a b b a +-+≤+．【答案】证明见解析【解析】对2222a a b b +-+进行转化，转化为含有2a b +≤形式，然后通过不等关系得证.【详解】 解：因为2a b +≤， 所以2222a a b b +-+ 2222a b a b =-++()()()2a b a b a b =-+++2a b a b=+-+()22a b a a b=+-++22a b a a b≤++++()22222244242a a a a≤++=+=+≤+,得证.【点睛】本题考查了绝对值不等式问题，解决问题的关键是要将要证的形式转化为已知的条件，考查了学生转化与化归的能力.24．如图，在四棱锥P ABCD-中，已知棱AB，AD，AP两两垂直，长度分别为1，2，2.若DC ABλ=u u u r u u u r （Rλ∈），且向量PCuuu r与BDu u u r夹角的余弦值为1515.（1）求λ的值；（2）求直线PB与平面PCD所成角的正弦值.【答案】（1）2λ=；（210.【解析】试题分析：（1）以A为坐标原点，AB、AD、AP分别为x、y、z轴建立空间直角坐标系A xyz-，写出,PCu u u r，BDu u u r的坐标，根据空间向量夹角余弦公式列出关于λ的方程可求；（2）设岀平面PCD的法向量为(),,n x y z=r，根据n PCn DC⎧⊥⎪⎨⊥⎪⎩r u rr u r，进而得到⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩r u rr u rn PCn DC，从而求出nr，向量PBu r的坐标可以求出，从而可根据向量夹角余弦的公式求出cos,n PB<>r u r，从而得PB和平面PCD所成角的正弦值.试题解析：（1）依题意，以A为坐标原点，AB、AD、AP分别为x、y、z轴建立空间直角坐标系A xyz-(1,0,0),(0,2,0),(0,0,2)B D P，因为DC ABλ=u u u r u u u r，所以(,2,0)Cλ，从而(,2,2)PCλ=-u u u r，则由15cos,15PC BD=u u u r u u u r，解得10λ=（舍去）或2λ=.（2）易得(2,2,2)PC=-u u u r，(0,2,2)PD=-u u u r，设平面PCD的法向量(,,)n x y z=r，则0⋅=r u u u rn PC，0⋅=r u u u rn PD，即0x y z+-=，且0y z-=，所以0x=，不妨取1y z==，则平面PCD 的一个法向量(0,1,1)n=r，又易得(1,0,2)PB=-u u u r，故10cos,5=⋅=-u u u r rPB n PB n，所以直线PB与平面PCD所成角的正弦值为105.考点: 1、空间两向量夹角余弦公式；2、利用向量求直线和平面说成角的正弦.25．已知数列{}n a的通项公式为1515225n nna⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎥=-⎪⎪ ⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎦，n N∈，记1212n n nS C a C a=++…nn nC a+.（1）求1,S2S的值；（2）求所有正整数n，使得n S能被8整除.【答案】(1) 11S=；23S=；(2) {}*|3,n n k k N=∈【解析】（1）运用二项式定理，化简整理，再代入计算即可得到所求值；（2）通过化简得到213n n nS S S++=-，再由不完全归纳找规律得到结论，即可得到所求结论．【详解】解：（1）1212n n n n n n S C a C a C a =++⋯+2121515225n n C C ⎡⎛⎛+ =⋅+⋅+ ⎝⎭⎝…212151515n n n n n C C C ⎫⎛+--⎪ +⋅-⋅+⎪ ⎝⎭⎝⎭⎭⎝…15n n n C ⎤⎫-⎥⎪+⋅⎥⎪⎝⎭⎭⎦1515115n n ⎡⎤⎛⎛+-⎥=-+ ⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎦ 3535225n n ⎡⎤⎛⎛+⎢⎥=- ⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦， 即有1S 515==； 2S 3535==； （2）35355n n S n ⎡⎤+-⎢⎥=-⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦， 23535225n S n n +⎡⎤+-=+-+⎥⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎦ 3535353535352222225n n n n ⎡⎤⎡⎤⎛⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛+⎢⎥⎢⎥-⋅+-- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎢⎥⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦⎣⎦13n n S S +=-，即213n n n S S S ++=-，*n N ∈，因此2n S +除以8的余数，完全由1,n n S S +除以8的余数确定，因为11,a =21a =，所以11111S C a ==，12221223S C a C a =+=，3213918S S S =-=-=，432324321,S S S =-=-=543363855S S S =-=-=，654316521144,S S S =-=-=7535643255377S S =-=-=，87631131144987,S S S =-=-=987329613772584S S S =-=-= 由以上计算及213n n n S S S ++=-可知，数列{}n S 各项除以8的余数依次是： 1，3，0，5，7，0，1，3，0，5，7，0，…,它是一个以6为周期的数列，从而n S 除以8的余数等价于n 除以3的余数， 所以3,n k =*k N ∈，即所求集合为：{}*|3,n n k k N=∈.【点睛】本题考查数列通项的运用，解决问题的关键是运用二项式定理，本题属于难题．。
2020-2021学年江苏海安中学高三英语第三次联考试卷及答案
2020-2021学年江苏海安中学高三英语第三次联考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANew events and changes of junior golf competition calendarNew eventsNotah BegayⅢJunior Golf National ChampionshipWhat does a junior golfer aim to pursue? One thing is to be noticed, ideally by a college coach. A remarkable opportunity will be offered by the Notah BegayⅢJunior Golf National Championship to its participants: an event broadcast by Golf Channel. Players aged between eight and 18 can compete in the new event; information about where and when it will be held will be released later.Barbasol Junior ChampionshipBeginning the career in the PGA Tour is something that a junior golfer tends to dream of. The Barbasol Junior Championship, which is scheduled to take place between June 29 and July 2 at Keene Trace Golf Club inNicholasville,Kentucky, will provide such an opportunity. Boys under 19 years old will qualify for this new 54-hole event, and the winner will be awarded a spot at the PGA Tour's Barbasol Championship in July.Changed eventsThunderbird International JuniorThe dates of the AJGA's Thunderbird International Junior have to be changed since the NCAA Championships move to Grayhawk Golf Club inScottsdale,Arizona, for the next three years. Generally, the Thunderbird is played at the end of May. However, this year it is scheduled on different dates for the first time, from April 9 to 12, which means, of course, that the finish date is on Masters Sunday.Gator InvitationalJunior golf intends to prepare for the following college golf. If this is the case, then it is crucial to simulate the higher-level experience as much as possible. Because of that, the Gator Invitational, as a junior boys' event, has made a significant decision on becoming a 54-hole event by adding a round this year. The new version will be played from March 13 to 15 at The Country Club of Jackson inJackson,Mississippi.1. Which event can be watched on TV?A. Notah BegayⅢJunior Golf National Championship.B. Barbasol Junior Championship.C. Thunderbird International Junior.D. Gator Invitational.2. When will the Thunderbird International Junior be played?A. At the end of May.B. From April 9 to 12.C. Between June 29and July 2.D. From March 13 to 15.3. What has been changed about the Gator Invitational?A. The award given to the winnerB. The place where it is played.C. The required age of the players.D. The number of rounds it has.BIt is not only praise or punishment that determines a child's level of confidence.There are some other important ways we shape our kids — particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words.For example, we can say to a child “Don't run into traffic！” or “Stay on the footpath close to me.” In using the latter, you will be helping your kids to think and act positively, and to feel competent in a wide range of situations, because they know what to do, and aren't scaring themselves with what not to do.Actually, it is all in the way the human mind works.What we think, we automatically rehearse.For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn't be able to do it.When a child is told “Don't fall off the tree，” he will think of two things：“don't” and “fall off the tree”. That is, he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind.A child who is vividly imagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off.So it is far better to use “Hold on to the tree carefully.”Clear, positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things.Kids do not always know how to be safe, or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words.So parents should make their commands positive.“Sam, hold on firmly to the side of the boat” is much more useful than “Don't you dare to fall out of the boat？” or “How do you think I'll feel if you drown？” The changes are small but the difference is obvious.Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we guide them with our words, so it pays to be positive.4. Positive choice of words helps kids to ________.A. learn in different situationsB. do things carefullyC. build up their confidenceD. improve their imagination5. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. A child will act on what is instructed.B. One can't help imagining what is heard.C. A child will fall off the tree when told not to.D. One won't think of a blue monkey when given money.6. Which of the following commands helps kids to be safe?A. How do you think I'll feel if you get hurt?B. Don't play by the lake.C. Don't you dare to walk through the red light?D. Fasten your seat belt.7. The main idea of the passage is that ________.A. positive instructions guide kidsB. praise makes kids confidentC right instructions keep kids safe D. clear commands make kids differentCBritish anthropologists (人类学家) Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham, after studying the results of one-on-one boxing, tae kwon do, Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling matches at the Olympic Games, conclude that when two competitors are equally matched in fitness and skill, the athlete wearing red is more likely to win.Hill and Barton report that when one competitor is much better than the other, colour has no effect on the result. However, when there is only a small difference between them, the effect of colour is enoughtipthe balance. The anthropologists say that the number of times red wins is not simply by chance, but that these results are statistically significant.Joanna Setchell, a primate (灵长目动物) researcher at the University of Cambridge, has found similar results in nature. She studies the large African monkeys known as mandrills. Mandrills have bright red noses that stand out against their white faces. Setchell’s work shows that the powerful males — the ones who are more successful with females — have a brighter red nose than other males.As well as the studies on primates by Setchell, another study shows the effect of red among birds. In an experiment, scientists put red plastic rings on the legs of male zebra finches and this increased the birds’ success with female zebra finches, Zebra finches already have bright red beaks (鸟喙), so this study suggests that, as with Olympic athletes, an extra flash of red is significant. In fact, researchers from theUniversityofGlasgowsay that the birds’ brightly coloured beaks are an indicator of health. Jonathan Blount, a biologist, andhis colleagues think they have found proof that bright red or orange beaks attract females because they mean that the males are healthier. Nothing in nature is simple, however, because in species such as the blue footed booby, a completely different colour seems to give the male birds the same advantage with females.Meanwhile, what about those athletes who win in their events while wearing red? Do their clothes give theman unintentional advantage? Robert Barton accepts that “that is the implication” of their findings. Is it time for sports authorities to consider new regulations on sports clothing?8. According to their research. Hill and Barton conclude that ________.A. the colour of clothing has an effect on most sport eventsB. red should be the choice of colour for clothing in sportsC. red plays a role when competitors are equally capableD. athletes perform better when surrounded by bright red9. The underlined word “tip” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.A. achieveB. advanceC. keepD. change10. The example of the blue footed booby proves that ________.A. male birds use different body parts to draw attentionB. red is not the only colour to attract female birdsC. blue gives female birds the same advantageD. blue can indicate how healthy a bird is11. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The colour red gives male animals the most advantage.B. Male zebra finches prefer to have red plastic rings on their legs.C. Rules on sports clothing are going to be changed.D. Athletes wearing red may have an advantage over their opponents.DMark Twain,the famous American writer,was once traveling in France.He went by trainto Dijon.He was very tired and wanted to sleep.He therefore asked the conductor to wake him up when the train came to Dijon.But first he explained he was a very heavy sleeper,“I may possibly protest(抗议)loudly when you try to wake me up,” he said to the conductor.“But don’t take any notice of what I say.Just put me off the train anyway.”Then Mark Twain went to ter,when he woke up it was night time and the train had reached Paris already.He realized at once that the conductor had forgotten to wake him up at Dijon.He was so angry that he ran to the conductor and began to shout at him.“I have never been so angry in my life,” Mark Twain said.The conductor looked at him calmly(平静地).“You are not half so angry as the American whom I put off the train atDijon,” he said.12. Mark Twain knew that he was a heavy sleeper,so ________.A. he protested loudly to the conductorB. he did not sleep before he arrived inDijonC. he told the conductor to wake him up no matter how loudly he might protestD. he slept lightly that time13. The conductor didn’t wake up Mark Twain atDijonbecause ________.A. he didn’t take Mark Twain’s words seriouslyB. he forgot Mark Twain’s words when the train came toDijonC. he did not want to bear his protestD. he mistook another American traveler for Mark Twain14. The American whom the conductor put off the train ________.A. did not want to get off atDijonB. wanted to get off atParisC. wanted to get off atDijonD. did not want to get off atParis15. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The conductor didn’t take Mark Twain’s words seriously.B. The conductor did take Mark Twain’s words seriously.C. The conductor was a heavy sleeper.D. Mark Twain must get off atParis.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
江苏省南通市海安高级中学2024届高考生物三模试卷含解析
江苏省南通市海安高级中学2024届高考生物三模试卷注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．答题时请按要求用笔。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、选择题(本大题共7小题,每小题6分,共42分。
)1．某海岛有一种中地雀，原来没有竞争者。
在记录的时间段内，1977年和2004年发生了2次旱灾；2005年以大型种子为食具有大鸟喙的大地雀入侵。
下图记录了中地雀鸟喙平均尺寸的变化。
下列叙述错误的是（）A．该岛上中地雀鸟喙平均尺寸的变化是自然选择的结果B．1977年的旱灾诱发了基因突变，进而造成鸟喙尺寸的增大C．2005年后中地雀很可能主要以大地雀不吃的小种子为食D．2005年后该海岛上两种地雀的种群基因频率都在发生改变2．正常情况下，当人大量失水时，会发生的生理现象是（）A．血浆渗透压降低B．垂体释放抗利尿激素增加C．肾小管减少对水的重吸收D．排尿次数增多3．一只杂合长翅雄果蝇与一只残翅雌果蝇杂交，F1出现一只三体长翅雄果蝇，其基因型可能为AAa或Aaa。
不考虑基因突变，下列说法不正确的是（）A．Aaa产生的原因可能为母本减数第二次分裂时姐妹染色单体没有分离B．AAa产生的原因只能为父本减数第二次分裂时姐妹染色单体没有分离C．该三体长翅果蝇的体细胞中有9条染色体D．基因型为AAa的三体果蝇可产生A、AA、Aa、a四种配子，且比例为1：1：1：14．下列有关植物激素及植物生长调节剂应用的叙述，错误．．的是（）A．用一定浓度的生长素类似物处理二倍体番茄幼苗，可得到无子番茄B．用一定浓度的乙烯利处理采摘后未成熟的香蕉，可促其成熟C．用一定浓度的赤霉素处理生长期的芦苇，可增加纤维长度D．用一定浓度的脱落酸处理马铃薯块茎，可延长其休眠时间以利于储存5．某地区人群中某常染色体显性遗传病的发病率为19%，一对夫妇中妻子患病，丈夫正常，他们所生的子女患该病的概率是（）A．1/19 B．9/19 C．10/19 D．1/26．若要利用某目的基因（见图甲）和质粒载体（见图乙）构建重组DNA（见图丙），限制性核酸内切酶的酶切位点分别是BglⅡ（A↓GATCT）、EcoRⅠ（G↓AATTC）和Sau3AⅠ（↓GATC）。
海安高级中学高三年级第三次统测物理试卷
江苏省海安高级中学高三年级第三次统测物理试卷命题、校对：王维国一、单项选择题（本题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项正确），1．星球上的物体脱离星球引力所需要的最小速度称为第二宇宙速度。
星球的第二宇宙速度v 2与第一宇宙速度v 1的关系是v 2 =2v 1。
已知某星球的半径为r ，它表面的重力加速度为地球重力加速度g 的1/6。
不计其它星球的影响。
则该星球的第二宇宙速度为A ．gr 61 B ．gr 31 C ．gr D ．gr 312．如图所示，小车上有一个定滑轮，跨过定滑轮的绳一端系一重球，另一端系在弹簧秤上，弹簧秤固定在小车上．开始时小车处于静止状态。
当小车匀加速向右运动时，下述说法中正确的是A ．弹簧秤读数变大，小车对地面压力变大B ．弹簧秤读数变大，小车对地面压力变小C ．弹簧秤读数变大，小车对地面的压力不变D ．弹簧秤读数不变，小车对地面的压力变大 3．“神舟”六号载人飞船上的电子仪器及各种动作的控制都是靠太阳能电池供电的．由于光照而产生电动势的现象称为光伏效应．“神舟”飞船上的太阳能电池就是依靠光伏效应设计的单晶硅太阳能电池．在正常照射下，太阳能电池的光电转换效率可达23﹪．单片单晶硅太阳能电池可产生0.6V 的电动势，可获得0.1A 的电流 ，求每秒照射到这种太阳能电池上太阳光的能量是 A ．0.24J B ．0.25J C ．0.26J D ．0.28J 4．如图所示，在Oxyz 坐标系所在的空间中，可能存在着匀强电场E 或匀强磁场B ，也可能两者都存在。
现有一质量为m 、电荷量为q 的正点电荷沿z 轴正方向射入此空间，发现它做速度为v 0的匀速直线运动。
若不计此点电荷的重力，则下列关于电场E 和磁场B 的分布情况中有可能的是A ．E ≠0，B ＝0，且E 沿z 轴正方向或负方向 B ．E =0，B ≠0，且B 沿x 轴正方向或负方向C ．E ≠0，B ≠0，B 沿x 轴正方向，E 沿y 轴正方向D ．E ≠0，B ≠0，B 沿x 轴正方向，E 沿y 轴负方向5．如图所示，把一根粗细均匀的金属棒弯成一个等边三角形线框，置于一匀强磁场中，磁场分布在一个正方形区域中，并与线框平面垂直。
江苏省海安高级中学2023-2024学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题
江苏省海安高级中学2023-2024学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择Four of the best films to watch in this winterThe Hunger Games: The Ballad of Songbirds and SnakesIt’s prequel time again. Based on the dystopian YA (Young Adult Fiction) by Suzanne Collins, the prequel is set 64 years before the previous Hunger Games films. Donald Sutherland’s character, Coriolanus Snow, is now a teenager played by Tom Blyth, and Rachel Zegler is the woman he has to train for the Capitol’s 10th annual death match.Released internationally from 15 NovemberThe MarvelsBrie Larson’s Captain Marvel returns to save the planet from evil aliens, but her job is made considerably harder this time by a cosmic fault that links her to two other super heroines. Every time she uses her powers, she swaps places with cither Photon (Teyonah Parris) or Ms Marvel (lman Vellani). “The worlds we go to in this movie are worlds unlike others you’ve seen in the MCU. Bright worlds that you haven’t seen before, “ the Director Nia DaCosta told Total film.Released internationally from 8 NovemberWishWalt Disney celebrates its 100th anniversary with a cartoon that includes the themes and animation styles of the studio’s first century. Directed by Chris Buck (co-director of Frozen) and Fawn Veerasunthorn, Mish is a musical fairy tale set in a magical land where King Magnifico(Chris Pine) can grant his citizens’ wishes. But a 17-year-old girl, Asha (Ariana DeBose), questions whether the king should keep that power all to himself. She wishes on a star-and the star then falls from the sky to help her. Buck told Jackson Murphy at Animation Scoop that the film is “kind of our love letter to Disney, to Walt.”Released internationally from 22 November.NapoleonRidley Scott’s 28th film is an epic biopic of Napoleon Bonaparte, with Joaquin Phoenix as the French general, and V anessa Kirby as his wife Josephine. It’s reported to be three hourslong, with six major battle sequences-although it’s as much a character-driven drama as it is a war movie.On general release from 22 November1．Which of the four films was released earliest?A．The Hunger Games.B．The Marvels.C．Wish.D．Napoleon.2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．Ridley Scott was cast as the famous French general.B．Donald Sutherland is now a teenager played by Tom Blyth.C．Elements of the studio’s first century will be displayed in Wish.D．Captain Marvel’s job is easier with the help of two other super heroines.3．In which column will you probably find this passage?A．Lifestyle.B．Business.C．Affairs.D．Entertainment.Somewhere my acquaintance with the computer started when I was working on my thesis. I was initiated into it, quite unintentionally, when I was looking for a convenient way to store my research material. I have since been busy communicating with my readers and students through the net. I can hardly believe it myself that a technophobe like me could somehow get engaged with the most modern technology!Our son has left for university and our spoilt daughter has gone overseas. Since they left home the net has become the best way for our family to communicate and share our feelings.We started off sending messages by email only -just to say hello, to seek help and to caution. Messages such as: “Please have a look at this email. I can’t open it. “Or, one that I sent to my daughter says: “So you rang to say you’d lost your credit card. The very thing that I’ve been worrying about! If you don’t try hard to mend your careless ways, you’ll wake up one morning and find that you’ve lost your brain as well.”And my son’s messages are typical in their sensational (耸人听闻的) headings, such as “Help me please!” “Help again, please!” They are always about money, no different from the notes he left when he was young. My daughter, on the other hand, would persuade her elder brother like a grand old lady: “Don’t upset Mum when I’m not home. Go back to see Mum and Dad every now and then. They’ve only got you and me.”Recently, our son has been emailing me all kinds of articles: funny, touching,intellectual. . . the lot. Recommended rending, he said, which would help me understand my students’ ideas and keep abreast of the times, so I wouldn’t be written off as over-the-hill too soon. I read the articles religiously, like an obedient pupil. I appreciate my son’s good will with mixed feelings. The kid I was bombarding with newspaper clippings not that long ago has now become my mentor! He must be thinking that his mother is still willing to embrace new ideas. That makes me fecl proud, despite the confusing sense of role reversal that I have.Through the net, we chat, exchange ideas and encourage each other with a gentle and beautiful language we seldom use. Every time I sit in front of the computer and read those instant messages, I feel warmth welling up in my heart and a profound gratitude to modem technology.4．The author got acquainted with the net initially to ________.A．keep pace with the times B．communicate with her readersC．meet academic needs D．exchange ideas with her children 5．Why did the author mention so many messages in paragraph 3?A．To show her daughter’s immaturity.B．To indicate the net’s influence on her.C．To blame her daughter’s carelessness.D．To express her love for her children.6．Which of the following can best describe the author in the son’s eyes?A．Flexible.B．Well-educated.C．Obedient.D．Old-fashioned. 7．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A．It Is the Power of the Net B．Technology Changes LifeC．Here Comes a Cyber Mum D．Mum’s Role ChangesYoung children are always watching-including when people swap spit through actions like food sharing. Such behavior helps babies infer who is in close relationships with one another, a study suggests.Typically, people are more likely to engage in activities that can lead to an exchange of saliva (唾液), such as kissing or sharing an ice cream, with family members or close friends than with an acquaintance. So saliva sharing can be a marker of “thick relationships, “ or people with strong attachments, says MIT developmental psychologist Ashley Thomas.To see if young children might use saliva sharing as a social cue for close bonds,Thomas and colleagues ran experiments of people engaging with puppets(木偶). When shown a puppet seemingly crying, kids of 8 months old were more likely to look at an adult who had previously shared saliva with the puppet than an adult who hadn’t, the team reports.Scientists, of course, can’t know exactly babies’ thought. But tracking where they look offers hints. The team used where the kids looked first when a puppet showed distress as an indicator of their understanding of the relationship.In some experiments, the team showed 8-to 10-month-olds or 16-to 18-month-olds videos of a woman sharing an orange slice with a puppet. A second video depicted another woman and the puppet playing with a ball. During a final video, which showed the puppet crying while seated between the two women, the kids’ eyes were more often drawn to the woman who had shared the orange.The team saw similar results in another experiment. One woman stuck her finger in her mouth and then in one puppet’s mouth to share saliva. For the other, she touched only her forehead and then the puppet’s forehead. After the woman showed distress, kids spent more time looking at the puppet that had seemingly swapped saliva.It’s unclear how the findings relate to children’s daily lives. Future studies could switch out actresses for family members to better understand the role saliva may play in distinguishing relationships. Other cues, such as hugging, may also play a role, Thomas says. 8．What is the main finding of the study?A．Saliva-sharing behavior is a cultural phenomenon.B．Saliva-sharing is an indicator of trust between individuals.C．Saliva-sharing can help children distinguish close relationship.D．Children can understand relationships through saliva-sharing behavior.9．What does Ashley Thomas think of saliva sharing?A．It is a natural behavior for young children.B．It can be an indicator of strong attachments between people.C．It is a cultural behavior young children learn from their parents.D．It is a result of the development of young children’s social skills.10．Which method do the scientists apply when conducting the experiments?A．Comparison.B．Reference.C．Inference.D．Description. 11．What may be discussed in the following paragraph?A．The limitations of the current study.B．The importance of saliva in social relationships.C．The role of other cues in distinguishing relationships.D．Saliva sharing can affect children’s social development.After Alexander Pushkin was shot in a duel (决斗) in 1837, crowds of mourners formed in Saint Petersburg. When the wagon carrying the much loved poet’s body reached Pskov province, where he was to be buried, admirers tried to pull the vehicle themselves.Today’s celebrity funerals tend to involve the public largely digitally rather than in person. But people are passionate all the same. In the past few months, grief has coursed around the internet for Milan Kundera, and most recently, Michael Gambon. If you stop to think about it, such expressions of strong feelings for writers and actors are odd, even irrational.Unlike other kinds of grief, this one is not rooted in personal intimacy (亲密关系). If you ever interacted with a cherished author, it was probably during a book tour when she signed your copy of her novel. Maybe you once locked eyes with a musician during a live concert and he smiled at you, but actually he did not even know you.Objectively, sorrow makes sense when a star dies young or violently. Had she not died at 27, who knows what music Amy Winehouse would have added to her already impressive collections of work? The death of a long-lived and fulfilled artist, however, is far from the saddest item in an average day’s headlines. And while most ordinary people sink into oblivion, these celebrities live on in their output. Why, then, are these losses felt so widely and keenly?One interpretation is that departed celebrities are merely the messengers. Part of your past —the years in which the musician was the soundtrack, the writer your ally (盟友) — can seem to fade away with them. The grief can be seen as a form of gratitude for the harmony and joy they supplied.More importantly, the passing of an artist is an occasion for exchanges of ideas. In an atomized age, in which the default (默认) tone is critical, a beloved figure’s death is a chance to share positive feelings and memories with fellow admirers. These sad occasions are the parting gifts of these artists.12．Why does the author mention Milan Kundera and Michael Gambon in paragraph 2?A．To prove that celebrities’ funerals tend to attract wider public attention.B．To illustrate why people express their sadness at the loss of those celebrities.C．To demonstrate that people’s mourning for celebrities seems strange andunreasonable.D．To show that people’s grief over celebrities’ death is ridiculous and impractical. 13．The underlined phrase “sink into oblivion” in paragraph 4 probably means ________.A．are upset B．are desperate C．are helpless D．are forgotten 14．What can we learn from the passage?A．People won’t mourn for celebrities unless they have intimate relationships withcelebrities.B．It’s natural that people mourn for celebrities dying young but not for those long-lived ones.C．People feel sad for the passing of celebrities because of the mental nourishmentreceived.D．People attend celebrities’ funerals, either in person or on the Internet, to express their loyalty.15．What’s the author’s attitude towards public mourning for the celebrities?A．Supportive.B．Disapproving.C．Skeptical.D．Concerned.When you look ahead at the year to come, I hope you focus on all the positives even if the negatives exist, because positive thinking can help you get where you want to go.Positive thinking is not the same as optimism. Being optimistic means believing that everything is going to work out great. But positive thinking is more than that. It’s a mindset or a way of looking at the world and what you do. 16To think positively, first of all, we need to look at problems, mistakes and failures as normal. Imagine you bomb a big job interview. A negative thinker will be upset by the fact that he didn’t get the job. 17 He will analyze what he did and figure out how to do it better next time. And he’ll also think about what he did well and try to repeat and improve on those successes. This means focusing on the big picture.One trick to positive thinking is to imagine how you’ll think back to things that are happening now. 18 There are bad things that happened last year that you can probably laugh about now. You understand what was a big deal and what was not. Try to do that in the present.19 A negative thinker will focus on the past, especially past failures. But the pastcannot be changed. It’s done and dusted. The future, however, is yet to be written. And that’s where the positive thinker will focus his attention.Positive thinking is a mental habit. It takes practice. Sometimes, we have to remind ourselves to focus on the future and on possibility. 20 But if you can do it, there are some great payoffs: greater confidence, a better chance of success, better health condition as well as a better quality of life.A．A positive thinker will learn from the experience.B．Negative thinkers will look at failures as end points.C．Positive thinking often means separating the past and the future.D．It’s a belief in possibility, solutions to problems and the big picture.E．Sometimes, it’s hard to learn from our failures or see the big picture.F．We can see the power of positive thinking when it comes to problem-solving.G．You know from experience that the passing of time brings a fresh perspective.二、完形填空Having been a teacher for 25 years, I think I’ve taught my students the importance of good citizenship, to play by the 21 . But most of the time, I embrace my role as a pupil.One morning when I reached the intersection before my school, traffic was at a standstill (停). What was really 22 was that I could see the school.Up ahead, the tum lane into the school’s parking lot was 23 . If I could just turn to the right, the only thing between me and the turn lane was a long stretch of field. As I sat in my motionless vehicle, I heard that field call to me. I 24 the car out of the line of traffic and headed for the freedom of that open land 25 I heard a wail of siren (警笛) from behind.An officer came up to me, and I handed him my 26 without even looking up. He glanced at it, and asked, “What’s going on, Madam?”I started murmuring. “Well, I overslept, and…” Here my voice 27 a sad, pleading tone, the very quality I advise my students to 28 --“I just wanted to get to school. I have to…”“So you’re a teacher?” he 29 .“Yes, and I need…”A car drove by, and I recognized one of my eighth-graders waving at me, 30 my name, pointing me out to his mother. As she drove by, I heard the police officer say it: “You wanted to be 31 because you’re a good teacher. “ At that point he paused before adding, “You were when I had you.”And then I did look at him. I read the name badge on his chest. A 32 7th-- grade student of mine. All grown up. Keeping people safe. Trying to keep me safe 33 myself.He gave me a 34 --not too different from ones I’d given him years ago--and sent me on my way. And at last I arrived at my classroom, wondering what I would 35 next.21．A．wills B．rules C．orders D．lessons 22．A．amusing B．confusing C．annoying D．surprising 23．A．blocked B．broad C．crowded D．empty 24．A．pushed B．guided C．parked D．nosed 25．A．since B．when C．until D．while 26．A．license B．book C．contract D．certificate 27．A．picked up B．took on C．showed up D．carried on 28．A．practise B．avoid C．adopt D．try 29．A．interrupted B．explained C．wondered D．complained 30．A．gesturing B．addressing C．announcing D．mouthing 31．A．at risk B．in charge C．on time D．under arrest 32．A．familiar B．former C．mature D．distant 33．A．by B．to C．from D．about 34．A．warning B．ticket C．hand D．favor 35．A．appreciate B．propose C．understand D．learn三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2020-2021学年江苏海安中学高三英语三模试题及答案
2020-2021学年江苏海安中学高三英语三模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADuring ancient times, children didn’t have smartphones, iPad or computers to entertain themselves. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play.★Stone ballsDuring the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter to protect kids from the cold. Stones were carved into small balls and kicked along with feet. In 1999, the sport was included in the 6th National Ethnic Group Traditional Sports Meeting held in Beijing.★Flying kitesKites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the four most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite , Weifang kite and Nantong kite, of which each has distinctive features. The kite which resembles a swallow is a well-known Beijing style.★Hide-and-seekHide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. There are two ways to play: covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease(戏弄) him or, more commonly, participants hide and one child must try to find them.★Playing diabolosA diabolo is always made of wood or bamboo and has empty space in the center. By juggling(边抛边接) the diabolo on the rope, the high-speed spinning diabolos will make a sound like a whistle. Playing diabolos is an interesting folk game, especially popular in North China. Playing diabolos was also included in the first group of national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产).1.Why did ancient children often play stone balls in the winter?A.To practice their feet.B.To warm themselves.C.To train their skills.D.To relax themselves.2.Which kites are swallow-shaped?A.Weifang kites.B.Tianjin kites.C.Beijing kites.D.Nantong kites.3.Why does playing diabolos make a sound?A.Because the diabolo’s center is empty.B.Because the high-speed spinning diabolo is light.C.Because the diabolo is equipped with a whistle.D.Because ropes’ surface moves against the diabolo’s.BAccording to Oxford Dictionaries, morality means: “Principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior.” Though morality is a rather subjective subject, there are some principles that are universal across all cultures found by an Oxford University study: “help your family, help your group, return favors, be brave, obey superiors, divide resources fairly, and respect others’ property”. The fact that these morals are found across 60 cultures from around the world demonstrates that morality, though subjective, is the cornerstone of keeping our societies together. Here are some reasons to be moral: without morality, a social life is almost impossible to maintain; having a good reputation and having a clear conscience is psychologically healthy; and most philosophies regard unselfish and principled behavior as important.There is no doubt that without morals, a society cannot function effectively. A confused situation would appear, According to the Society of Morality, “We are social animals, and the actions we take-the things we do and the things we don’t do-have consequences on our environments and on the others around us. As a result, we need to be able to govern our behavior in the near term so as not to injure ourselves or our community in the long term. This system of controlling our actions and our thoughts in order to operate in a community is what we often refer to as morality”. Therefore, we need a set of morals in order to operate within a social circle and a social environment. Acting immoral usually results in being excluded from social activities or being avoided by a society based on laws and cultural standards. Besides acting moral having a sociological need, it also has a psychological basis. Most people are concerned to some extent about their reputation. According to PsyPost, “A lot of economic models of human behavior assume that people are only rational (理性的) when they narrowly pursue their own self-interest, but history shows us that people are also tremendously concerned with being and appearing moral”. So, the fear of one’s reputation being damaged is often a strong motivator to be moral. And if someonehas been immoral,most people go out of their way to make sure no one finds out, or to correct the behavior in order to not be caught. This goes in line with conscience as well. People generally feel in a better psychological state if they feel that their conscience is clean. A dirty conscience can result in a lack of sleep, anxiety, internal stress, and evenillness.On the side of philosophy, the study of ethics (伦理) comes into play. Most philosophers agree that one should rationally choose a set of standards of behavior in order to function. Though there is moral relativism, there are universal anthropological (人类学的) morals, as mentioned in the introduction. By the nature of our societies and cultures, we choose what we believe is right and wrong. But surprising, this rational behavior comes to a general agreement on morals. So, there is a fine line between moral relativism and moral absolutism. But the main thing to take away from this discussion is that philosophers generally believe that each individual has the right to rationally come up with a set of ethics to live by, and that it is healthy to do so.4. The author discusses morality (paragraph 1) in order to ________.A. explain the relationship between morality and cultureB. describe the moral rules found all around the worldC. contrast the distinction between right and wrongD. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality5. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. acting moral allows us to fit into group betterB. morality brings the system of controlling behaviorC. contrast the distinction between right and wrongD. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality6. Which of the following is the psychological basis for acting moral?A pursuit of self-interest. B. a clean conscience.C. The concern about reputation.D. a dirty conscience.7. What does the author advise us to do according to the last paragraph?A. To reach a general agreement on morals based on ethics.B. to carve one’s own sense of ethics to operate in this world.C. To choose between moral relativism and moral absolutism.D. To exclude philosophers’ beliefs and solution as well.CFor centuries , tea has been used for far more than quenching thirst. Around the world people drink it to relax, reinvigorate and relieve, and it's something we need now more than ever.Even in the United States, a long coffee-dominated country, tea drinking is growing in popularity, with thecountry consuming 0.4 kilograms (14 ounces) of tea leaves per person a year compared with 0. 36 kilograms(12. 7 ounces) in 2007 according to the United Nations, as people switch away from soda，milk and fruit drinks.Scientists are beginning to look into just how tea might affect mood and cognition. Specifically, they're investigating whether its relaxing and refreshing effects are a direct biological outcome of the compounds in tea or whetherthey come from the context in which the drink is consumed—preparing your tea, choosing your favorite cup and sitting down for a brief break from the world. Or both.Drinking green tea has been found to improve brain function in healthy people, said Stefan Borgward, chair and director of the department of psychiatry and psychotherapy at the University of Lubeck, Germany.In a 2014 study, he gave one or two cups of green tea to 12 healthy volunteers and imaged their brains to analyze changes in connectivity inside certain brain regions.“We noticed an increased connectivity in regions of the brain associated with working memory,” he said via email.And a 2017 review of more than 100 studies he coauthored found that green tea can impact the brain in three ways: It can influence psychopathological state such as reducing anxiety; cognition by benefiting memory and attention; and brain function, specifically memory.That review concluded that "it would be desirable" for more Westerners to consume at least 100 milliliters(3.3 fluid ounces) of green tea each day “to protect neurocognitive function.”However, Borgward, cautioned that the effects aren't large, and the evidence is mainly provided by small-scale studies.8. How does the author introduce the tendency of drinking in the U.S.?A. By showing examples.B. By explaining reasons.C. By making a comparison.D. By checking existing facts.9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Scientists are looking into why tea makes people relaxed and refreshed.B. The context in which the drink is consumed is very important.C. People's relaxation is the direct biological outcome of the ingredients in tea.D. Preparing tea, choosing a cup and sitting down for a brief rest is amazing.10. What can we conclude from Stefan's research?A. Tea is a cure for a neurocognitive disease.B. Green tea is particularly beneficial to our memory.C. Drinking tea every day can prevent us from getting ill.D. Westerners drink less than 100 milliliters of green tea.11. What is the researcher'sattitude towards the finding?A. SupportiveB. Doubtful.C. Unclear.D. Objective.DThe early life of the green sea turtle (海龟) is full of danger. Only one in 1,000 baby sea turtles survive to adulthood (成年). From its home in the sand, it breaks its egg with an egg tooth. Its mother is not there to help it. Instead, it is greeted by crabs, coyotes,and dogs waiting to eat it for dinner. To survive, the baby turtle must hide in the sand until night. Then, it moves slowly to the sea.The small turtle must swim hard to reach the ocean waters. In the sea, it tries hard to find food. It must also keep itself from being food for fish.As dangerous as the sea turtle’s life is in the natural world, its most dangerous enemies are humans. The rubbish left by humans in the ocean causes problems for the small green sea turtle. A little turtle might eat a piece ofplastic (塑料) in the sea. It might also eat oil on the ocean’s surface. Young turtles also get caught in fishing nets. There are laws against hunting sea turtles. Still, many are hunted, both for their meat and for their shells (壳). All of these dangers must be prevented.Sea turtles that do survive to grow into adulthood go through many changes. For example, adult green sea turtles weigh about 500 pounds. They stop eating jellyfish and other meat and eat only plants. And they may plan a trip to go back home again. A mother sea turtle goes back to the beach where she was born. This is the only place where she will lay eggs. Even if it has been forty years since she was a baby, she always knows her way back home.12. Why do baby turtles move to the sea at night?A. They dislike sunshine.B. They prefer lower temperatures.C. They can find food easily then.D. They need to avoid enemies.13. What does the author think of the young turtles in Paragraph 3?A. Pitiful.B. Careless.C. Interesting.D. Courageous.14. What can we learn about sea turtles?A. They mainly feed on fish and meat.B. They always produce eggs at their birthplaces.C. They can live for around forty years.D. They visit their beach homes several times a year.15. What is the text mainly about?A. The homes of green sea turtles.B. How sea turtles find their food.C. The dangers faced by sea turtles.D. How young turtles become adults.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
江苏省海安高级中学高三年级第三次统测高三英语下册月考试卷译林牛津版试题下载
江苏省海安高级中学高三年级第三次统测试题预览江苏省海安高级中学高三年级第三次统测第I卷（共85分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What do we know about the woman?A．She took the job．B．She refused the job．C．She failed to get the job．2．How did the woman feel about the English programme?A．It’s interesting． B．It’s difficult． C．It’s important．3．Where will the man probably have been at?A．In the front row． B．In the back row． C．In the middle．4．What is the relationship between the two speakers?A．Mother and son．B．Doctor and patient．C．Teacher and student．5．Why will the man go to the airport?A．T o meet a girl from London．B．To catch Flight 587．C．T o see a girl off．第二节（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
2019-2020学年江苏海安中学高三英语第三次联考试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年江苏海安中学高三英语第三次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated besideLake Geneva, the Olympic Museum houses more than 10,000 artificial objects and hours of interactive contents highlighting some of the best moments during the Olympics. Here are some of the museum’s most moving moments.The Olympic ParkThe journey through the Olympic Museum begins in the Olympic Park, an 8,000-square-meter outdoor area in front of the museum overlooking Lake Geneva and theAlps. The park contains artwork and sculptures that show respect to the world of sport.The first Olympic SymbolThe “Olympic Rings” flag was designed by Coubertin in 1913. The rings represent the five continents that participate in the Olympics: Africa, Asia,America,AustraliaandEurope. The six color1 s include at least one color1 that is represented on the flag of every country.The StadiumsThe stadiums that host the Olympic Games are as much of a celebration of design as the games are a celebration of sportsmanship. Guests can explore plans and models of Olympic stadiums’ past and present, including one of the games’ most attractive stadiums, the Bird’s Nest from Beijing 2008 Olympics.The Olympic MedalsHave you ever wondered what an Olympic medal looks like? The Olympic Museum has a room that houses every bronze, silver, and gold medal from every Olympic Games dating back to the first modern Olympics of 1896. Each medal design is a unique representation of the year and location in which the games were held.1.Which moment do you see first when exploring the Olympic Museum?A.The Olympic Park.B.The first Olympic Symbol.C.The Stadiums.D.The Olympic Medals.2.What can you do in the section of The Stadiums?A.Celebrate the glory of a sportsman.B.Meet the designers of the stadiums.C.Explore the future stadiums.D.Enjoy the model of the Bird’s Nest.3.In which column of a newspaper may this text appear?A.Entertainment.B.Science.C.Travel.D.Business.BAn anti-obesity program for Australian girls didn’t lead to any improvements in their diet, physical activities or body weight a year later, according to a new report.Findings from the school-based intervention (介入), which involved exercise sessions and nutrition workshops for lower-income girls, are the latest disappointment in a lot of research attempting tohead offadult obesity and the disease risks that come with it.Especially during the middle-and high-school years, girls’ physical activity reduces obviously, according to lead researcher David Lubans, from theUniversityofNewcastleinNew South Wales,Australia. He said, “In the future we need to make the programs more interesting and exciting and present information in a way that is meaningful to adolescent girl.”Lubans and his workmates conducted their study in 12 schools in low-income areas ofNew South Wales. At the start of the study, girls in both groups weighed an average of close to 130pounds, with about four in ten considered overweight. Over the next year, adolescents in the intervention group were given pedometers (计步器) to encourage walking and running and invited to nutrition workshops and regular exercise sessions during the schoolday and at lunchtime. Participation in some of those activities were less than ideal. For example, the girls went to only one-quarter of lunchtime exercise sessions, and less than one in ten completed at-home physical activity or nutrition challenges, the researchers reported. At the end of the year, girls in both groups had gained a similar amount of weight and there was no difference in their average body fat.Preventive medicine researcher Robert Klesges said that although some anti-obesity programs have helped adults lose weight, the teen population has always been a source of failure for researchers. “The common belief is: nothing works,” he said. “And we have got to get beyond that.”“We need to think outside the box,” said Klesges, who wasn’t involved in the new study. “That could include learning from what has worked in adult studies, such as giving meal replacement drinks or prepared foods to teens who have trouble making changes to their diet. Or, it could mean using a “step-care” method — rather than researchers or their doctor telling them to keep doing the same thing.” Klesges said.4. The underlined words “head off” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “________”.A. damageB. defendC. preventD. affect5. The methods used in the program to stop obesity don’t include ________.A. walking and runningB. inviting them to nutrition workshopsC. joining exercise sessions regularlyD. giving meal replacement drinks6. The main reason for the failure of the anti-obesity program is probably that ________.A. the participants didn’t take an active part in itB. the program was not interesting and exciting to participantsC. the participants didn’t get extra nutrition or exercise helpD. the program didn’t pay attention to healthy exercise7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. As researchers, it is important to have creative research methods.B. Researchers need to give meals or prepare foods to participants.C. Teen girls have no difficulty in making changes to their diet.D. Some ant-obesity programs have not helped adults lose weight.CThe Gata used to look annoyed when they received power bills that routinely topped $200. Last September the couple moved into a 1,500-square-foot home in Premier Gardens, an area of 95 “zero-energy homes” (ZEH) just outside town. Now they're actually eager to see their electricity bills. The grand total over the 10 months they've lived in the three-bedroom house: $75. For the past two months, they haven’t paid a cent.ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume. Premier Gardens is one of a half-dozen subdivisions (住宅开发项目) in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%, mostly by using low power appliances and solar panels.Aside from the panels on the roof, Premier Gardens looks like a community of traditional homes. But inside, special windows cut power bills by blocking solar heat in summer and keeping indoor warmth winter.The rest of the energy savings comes from the solar units. They don't just feed the home they serve. If they generate more power than the home is using, the excess flows into the utility's power grid(电网). The residents are billed by “net metering”: they pay for the amount of power that they get from the grid, minus the kilowatts(千瓦) they feed into it. If a home generates more power than it uses, the bill is zero.That sounds like a bad deal for the power company, but it's not. Solar homes produce the most power on thehot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. "It helps us lower usage at peak power times," says solar expert Mike Keesee. “That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time.”What’s not to like? Mostly the costs. The special features can add $25,000 or more to the purchase price of a house. Tax breaks bring the cost down, especially in California, but in many states ZEHs can be extremely expensive. For the consumer, it's a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the power bill.8. Why is the Gata eager to see their electricity bills now?A. They want to cut down their utility' expenses.B. They want to know if they are able to pay.C. They want to see how much they have saved.D. They want to avoid being overcharged.9. What is special about the ZEH communities?A. They are built in harmony with the environment.B. They have created cutting edge technologies.C. They are subdivided into half a dozen sections.D. They aim to be independent in power supply.10. What does the "net metering" practice mean to the power company?A. More pressure at peak timeB. Reduced operational costs.C. Increased electricity output.D. Less profits in the short term.11. The author believes that buying a house in a ZEH community __________.A. is a worthy investment in the long runB. is but a dream for average consumersC. gives the owner great tax benefitsD. contributes toenvironmental protectionDI’ve long believedthat positive living isn’t about being optimistic every minute of every day. That kind of permanently happy state can’t be the goal, because it’s impossible to achieve.It turns out that psychological research finds true happiness comes from authentic positivity, and authentic positivity comes from emotional flexibility.Being flexible emotionally means being open to the full range of emotional experiences, including the challenging ones like anger, disappointment and sadness. Emotional flexibility means being able to shift behaviors and mindsets to meet different situational needs, and adapting when circumstances change.However, emotionally flexible people are not chameleons (变色龙) whose outlook changes based on which way the wind is blowing. Instead, emotional flexibility is a skill that helps people judge the complexities of daily life, and stick to their deeply held values.I’ve learned a new word that I’d like to share with you: Eudaimonia (幸福感). Eudaimonia is the opposite of hedonism (享乐主义), the idea that happiness comes from the constant pursuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain. Eudaimonia, by contrast, encourages us to pursue meaning and authenticity, growth and honest joy. Both are philosophical approaches to happiness, and recent psychological thought is leaning toward eudaimonia as a more sustainable, satisfying model.Eudaimonia was first mentioned by Aristotle, who got the term from the Greek word “daimon,” which means “true nature.” Tome, walking a positive path means accepting that we each have positive true nature and permanent goodness. What we learn from the concept of eudaimonia is that we are best equipped to realize this nature when we are emotionally honest and flexible.12. What is the author’s belief?A. People should live alone.B. People can’t always be happy.C. People can’t always achieve their goals.D. People should pursue true achievements.13. What do enmotionally flexible people commit themselves to?A. Their strongly believed values.B. Their different needs.C. Permanent happiness.D. The pursuit of hedonism.14. How can people gain eudaimonia according to the author?A. By being honest to others.B. By changing true nature.C. By keeping realstically optimistic.D. By pursuing pleasure constantly.15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. What is the meaning of eudaimonia?B. What should we do to keep positive?C. How can we keep happy forever?D. Why can’t people be happy all the time?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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江苏省海安高级中学高三年级第三次统测英语试卷第I卷（共85分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What do we know about the woman?A．She took the job．B．She refused the job．C．She failed to get the job．2．How did the woman feel about the English programme?A．It‟s interesting．B．It‟s difficult．C．It‟s important．3．Where will the man probably have been at?A．In the front row．B．In the back row．C．In the middle．4．What is the relationship between the two speakers?A．Mother and son．B．Doctor and patient．C．Teacher and student．5．Why will the man go to the airport?A．To meet a girl from London．B．To catch Flight 587．C．To see a girl off．第二节（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段材料，回答第6和第7题。
6．What are the speakers talking about?A．The school．B．A strange man．C．The weather．7．Where does this conversation probably take place?A．In a hotel．B．On a street．C．At home．听下面一段材料，回答第8至第l0题。
8．What are the speakers mainly discussing?A．How different kinds of pepper are produced．B．Why white pepper is preferred by cooks．C．How the pepper plant grows．9．What happens to black pepper after it‟s picked?A．It‟s preserved in liquid．B．The skin is removed．C．It‟s dried in the sun．10．How did the man learn about pepper?A．He read about it in a cookbook．B．He studied it in cooking schoo1．C．He heard about it from a friend．听下面一段材料，回答第11至第13题。
11．How does the man feel to see the woman‟s clocks? A．Surprised．B．Excited．C．Delighted．12．What can we learn from the conversation?A．The woman sets the blue clock ahead ten minutes．B．There is something wrong with the woman‟s clocks．C．The woman always sets the orange clock to the right time．13．What do we know about the woman?A．She doesn‟t wake up easily．B．She works very hard．C．She is fond of clocks．听下面一段材料，回答第14至第16题。
14．Where are the two speakers?A．On a college campus．B．At their high schoo1．C．On a street．15．What has the woman decided to study? A．Medicine．B．Business．C．Law．16．What do we know about the man?A．He first intended to go to law schoo1．B．He hasn‟t made up his mind what to 1earn．C．He has decided to learn marketing management．听下面一段材料，回答第17至第20题。
17．Who is the speaker?A．A visitor to the park．B．A park service employee．C．A tour guide from a travel agency．18．What do we know about Yellow Stone National Park?A．It was the first region explored by pioneers．B．It is not accessible to everyone．C．It was the first national park．19．Who put forward the idea of the public park?A．Several explorers．B．President Grant．C．Representatives of Congress．20．What is one of the duties of a park keeper?A．To train other staff members．B．To conduct scientific studies．C．To guide nature walks．第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节, 满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21．---Andrew won the first place in the physics competition.---________ ? I don‟t like science, anyway.A．Why not B．So what C．What if D．How come22. ________ with a difficult situation, Rose decided to ask her teacher for advice.A. To faceB. Having facedC. FacedD. Facing23. Work on Rome‟s Palatine Hill has turned up a series of discoveries, including ________ might be theunderground cave.A. whatB. whichC. the oneD. where24．While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made ________ discovery which completely changed _________ man‟s understanding of color.A．the; a B．a ; the C．a; 不填 D.不填；the25. The tsunami happening deep under the sea in South-east Asia ________ more than 200,000 lives.A. suckedB. chargedC. claimedD. submitted26. ---What should I do with this passage?---_______ the main idea of each paragraph.A. Finding outB. Found outC. To find outD. Find out27. Since taking the doctor‟s advice, I have _________ jogging in the morning every day.A. catered toB. taken toC. applied toD. subscribed to28. He is writing a book about new discoveries in science. I am sure, _________ it is printed, this bookwill be very popular.A. onceB. whileC. now thatD. though29. Floods in the upper reach of the River Nile __________ many people leaving their hometown.A. went in forB. accounted forC. allowed forD. pushed for30．---The accident might not have happened had we been more careful.---But we _________ at that time.A．weren‟t B．didn‟t C．hadn‟t D．don‟t31. The description was pretty ________, so the police couldn‟t figure out the portrait of the criminal.A. vagueB. accurateC. particularD. vain32．No student _________ go out of the school campus after ten o‟clock at night without permission, according to the school regulations.A．will B．must C．may D．shall33. His behaviour at the party last night seemed rather _________, which surprised many of us.A. out of practiceB. out of envyC. out of placeD. out of shape34. ---Why is it _________ Mr. Smith seldom mentions his childhood?---Perhaps he suffered a lot in his childhood.A. 不填B. whatC. howD. that 35. ---May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams a t five o‟clock tonight?---I‟m sorry. Mr Williams _________ to a conference long before then.A. will have goneB. had goneC. would have goneD. has gone第二节完型填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。