《全国计算机等级考试二级教程——C语言程序设计》课后题及参考答案
【免费下载】全国计算机等级考试二级教程 C语言程序设计课后习题答案
二. 填空题 3.21 (1)-2002500(2)i=-200,j=2500 (3)i=-200 j=2500 3.22 12 0 0 3.23 一条语句 ; 3.24 ; 3.25 100,25.81,1.89234 100 25.81 1.89234 100 25.81 1.89234 3.26 x=127,x= 127,x= 177,x= 7f,x= 127 3.27 x=127,x=127 ,x=$127 ,x=$000127,x=%06d 3.28 a=513.789215,a= 513.79,a= 513.78921500,a= 513.78921500
三. 编程题 4.21 略 4.22
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《全国计算机等级考试二级教程——C语言程序设计》课后题及参考答案
第二章 C程序设计的初步知识 一、选择题 2.1 以下选项中正确的整型常量是 A)12. B)-20 C)1，000 D)4 5 6 答案：B 2.2 以下选项中正确的实型常量是 A)0 B)3. 1415 C)0.329×10(2)（10的2次方） D).871 答案：D 2.3 以下选项中不正确的实型常量是 A)2.607E-1 B)0.8103e 2 C)-77.77 D)456e-2 答案：B 2.4 以下选项中不合法的用户标识符是 A)abc.c B)file C)Main D)PRINTF 答案：A 2.5 以下选项中不合法的用户标识符是 A)_123 B)printf C)A$ D)Dim 答案：C 2.6 C语言中运算对象必需是整型的运算符是 A)% B)/ C)! D)** 答案：A 2.7 可在C程序中用作用户标识符的一组标识符是 A)void define WORD B)as_b3 _123 If C)For -abc case D)2c DO SIG 答案：B 2.8 若变量已正确定义并赋值，符合C语言语法的表达式是 A)a=a+7; B)a=7+b+c,a++ C)int(12.3%4) D)a=a+7=c+b 答案：B 2.9 以下叙述中正确的是 A)a是实型变量，C允许进行以下赋值a=10，因此可以这样说：实型变量中允许存放整型值。 B)在赋值表达式中，赋值号右边既可以是变量也可以是任意表达式。 C)执行表达式a=b后，在内存中a和b存储单元中的原有值都将被改变，a的值已由原值改变为b的值，b的值由原值变为0。 D)已有a=3,b=5。当执行了表达式a=b,b=a之后，已使a中的值为5，b中的值为3。 答案：B 2.10 以下叙述中正确的是 A)在C程序中无论是整数还是实数，只要在允许的范围内都能准确无误的表示。 B)C程序由主函数组成。 C)C程序由函数组成。 D)C程序由函数和过程组成。 答案：C 2.11 TURBO C中int类型变量所占字节数是
全国计算机等级考试二级教程--C语言程序设计课后习题答案
《全国计算机等级考试二级教程--C语言程序设计》课后习题答案第一章1.1 EXE1.2 C OBJ EXE1.3 顺序选择循环第二章一. 选择题2.1 B 2.2 D 2.3 B 2.4 A 2.5 C 2.6 A 2.7 B2.8 B 2.9 D 2.10 C 2.11 B 2.12 B 2.13 A二. 填空题2.14 11 122.15 4.2 4.22.16 { } 定义执行语句2.17 关键字用户标识符2.18 int float double2.19 float a1=1; float a2=1;2.20 存储单元2.213.52.22 (a*b)/c a*b/c a/c*b2.23 把常量10赋给变量s2.24 位1或0三. 上机改错题2.28#include "stdio.h"; 删除行尾的";"main(); / * main function * / 删除")"后的";",注释中的*要紧靠“/”,即应为“/*”和“*/”函数开始处遗失了一个“{”float r,s ; /*/*r is radius*/,/* s is area of circuilar*/*/ 注释符号不可嵌套使用r = 5.0 ;s = 3.14159 * r * r ;printf("%f\n",s) 行尾遗失了“;”函数结束处遗失了一个“}”2.29#include "stdio.h"main /* main function */ main后遗失了“()”{float a,b,c,v; /*a,b,c are sides, v is volume of cube */a=2.0; b=3.0; c=4.0 行尾遗失了“;”v=a*b*c;printf("%f\n", v) 行尾遗失了“;”}第三章一.选择题3.1 C 3.2 C 3.3 D 3.4 C 3.5 D 3.6 B 3.7 C 3.8 D 3.9 A 3.10 B3.11 C 3.12 D 3.13 D 3.14 A 3.15 C 3.16 C 3.17 C 3.18 无答案3.19 C 3.20 B二. 填空题3.21 (1)-2002500(2)i=-200,j=2500(3)i=-200j=25003.22 12 0 03.23 一条语句;3.24 ;3.25 100,25.81,1.89234 100 25.81 1.89234 100 25.81 1.89234 3.26 x=127,x= 127,x= 177,x= 7f,x= 1273.27 x=127,x=127 ,x=$127 ,x=$000127,x=%06d3.28 a=513.789215,a= 513.79,a= 513.78921500,a= 513.78921500三. 编程题和改错题3.29 修改后的程序如下：main(){double a,b,c,s,v;printf("input a,b,c:");scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&a,&b,&c);s =a*b;v=a*b*c;printf("a=%f,b=%f,c=%f\n", a,b,c);printf("s=%f,v=%f\n",s,v);}3.30#includemain(){int a=560,b=60;printf("560 minute is %d hour and %d minute.\n",a/b,a%b);}3.31#includemain(){int a,b;a=1500;b=350;printf("a div b is : %d\n",a/b);printf("a mod b is : %d\n",a%b);}3.32#includemain(){double a,b,c,ave;printf ("input 3 double number : \n");scanf ("%lf%lf%lf",&a,&b,&c);printf ("%.1f\n",(a+b+c)/3);}3.33#includevoid main(){int a,b,c,t;printf("请依次输入整数a,b,c:");scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);printf("\n你输入的值是: a=%d,b=%d,c=%d\n",a,b,c);t=b;b=a;a=c;c=t;printf("交换之后的值是:a=%d,b=%d,c=%d\n",a,b,c);}第四章一. 选择题4.1 A 4.2 A 4.3 A 4.4 D 4.5 C 4.6 A 4.7 B 4.8 C 4.9 D 4.10 C二. 填空题4.11 非0 04.12 < > >= <=同级== ！=同级4.13 ! && ||4.15 !4.16 a == b || a < c x > 4 || x < -44.17 14.18 x <= 0 1 > 04.19 3 2 24.20 *#三. 编程题4.21 略4.22#include/* 检查日期的合法性*/int checkdate(int year, int month, int day){if(year < 1900 || year > 2005){printf("输入的年份无效!\n");return 0;}else if(month < 0 && month > 12){printf("输入的月份无效!\n");return 0;}else if(day <= 0 && day > 31){printf("输入的日期无效!\n");return 0;}else{switch(month){case 4:case 6:case 9:case 11:if(day > 30){printf("输入的日期无效!\n");return 0;}break;case 2:if((year%4 == 0 && year%100 != 0) || year%400 == 0){if(day > 29){printf("输入的日期无效!\n");return 0;}}else{if(day > 28){printf("输入的出生日期无效!\n");return 0;}}break;}/* end of switch(m0)*/}return 1;}void main(){int y0, m0, d0; /* 生日*/int y1, m1, d1; /* 当前日期*/int years, months, days; /* 实足年龄*/printf("请输入学生的生日:"); scanf("%d%d%d", &y0,&m0,&d0);if(checkdate(y0, m0, d0)){printf("请输入当前日期:");scanf("%d%d%d", &y1,&m1,&d1);/*当前日期合法性检查*/if(!checkdate(y1, m1, d1)){return;}else if(y0 > y1){printf("出生年份比当前年份晚!\n"); return;}else if(y0 == y1){if(m0 > m1){printf("出生年月比当前年月晚!\n"); return;}else if(m0 == m1){if(d0 > d1){printf("出生年月日比当前年月日晚!\n"); return;}}}}/* 计算实足年龄*/years = y1 - y0;months = m1 - m0;days = d1 - d0;/* 修正实足年龄天数*/if(days < 0){months--;switch(m1){case 1:case 5:case 7:case 10:case 12:days += 30;break;case 2:case 4:case 6:case 8:case 9:case 11:days += 31;break;case 3:if((y1%4 == 0 && y1%100 != 0) || y1%400 == 0){days += 29;}else{days += 28;}break;}/* end of switch(m1) */}/* end of if(days < 0) *//* 修正实足年龄月数*/if(months < 0){months += 12;years--;}/* end of if(months < 0) */printf("出生日期: %d年%d月%d日\n", y0, m0, d0);printf("当前日期: %d年%d月%d日\n", y1, m1, d1); printf("实足年龄: %d年%d月%d日\n", years, months, days);return;}4.23#includevoid main()int a;printf ("请输入一个整数:");scanf ("%d",&a);if (a%2==0){printf ("%d 是偶数\n", a);}else{printf ("%d 是奇数\n", a);}}4.24#includevoid main(){int a,b,c,temp,max;printf ("请输入三个整数:");scanf ("%d %d %d",&a,&b,&c);temp=(a>b)? a:b;max=(temp>c)? temp:c;printf ("\n");printf ("你输入的数中最大的是%d.\n",max); }4.25(1)不嵌套的if语句#includevoid main(){int x,y;printf("input x :");scanf("%d",&x);if ( x>-5 && x<0 ){printf("y is %d\n",y=x);}if ( x==0 ){printf("y is %d\n",y=x-1);if ( x>0 && x<10 ){printf("y is %d\n",y=x+1); }if ( x>=10 || x<=-5){printf("error\n");}}(2)嵌套的if语句#includevoid main(){int x,y;printf("input x :");scanf("%d",&x);printf("\n");if(x < 0){if(x > -5){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x); }else{printf("error!\n");}}if(0 == x){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x-1); }if(x > 0){if(x < 10){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x+1); }else{printf("error!\n");}}(3)if_else语句#includevoid main(){int x,y;printf("input x :");scanf("%d",&x);if( x>-5 && x<0 ){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x); }else if( x==0 ){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x-1); }else if( x>0 && x<10 ) {printf("y is %d.\n",y=x+1); }else{printf("error!\n");}}(4)switch语句#includevoid main(){int x,y;printf("input x : ");scanf("%d",&x);switch (x){case -4:case -3:case -2:case -1:printf("y is %d.\n",y=x); break;case 0:printf("y is %d.\n",y=x-1);break;case 1:case 2:case 3:case 4:case 5:case 6:case 7:case 8:case 9:printf("y is %d.\n",y=x+1);break;default:printf("error!\n");}}第五章一. 选择题5.1 D 5.2 C 5.3 B 5.4 C 5.5 C 5.6 B 5.7 D 5.8 A 5.9 D 5.10 D二. 填空题5.11 5 4 65.12 死循环5.13 -15.14 115.15 d=1.0 k++ k<=n5.16 x>=0 x三. 编程题5.17#includevoid main(){int i;int sig = 1;int sum = 0;for(i=1; i<=101; i++,i++){sum += sig*i;sig *= -1;}printf("sum=%d\n", sum);}5.18(1)#includevoid main(){int i;double m=1.0;double e = 1.0;for(i=1; i<50; i++){m *= i;e += 1/m;}printf("e=%f\n",e);}(2)#includevoid main(){int i=1;double m=1.0;double e = 1.0;while(1/m >= 0.0004){m *= i;e += 1/m;i++;}printf("e=%f\n",e);}5.19#includevoid main(){int year;int col = 0;for(year=1600; year<=2000; year++){if((year%4 == 0 && year%100 != 0) || year%400 == 0)printf("%d\t", year);col++;if(col%5 == 0){printf("\n");}}}printf("\n");}5.20#include#define N 7void main(){int i;int j;int m;int k = N/2;for(i=0; i {m = i-k;if(m < 0){m *= -1;}for(j=0; j {printf(" ");}for(j=0; j<2*(k-m)+1; j++){printf("*");}printf("\n");}}第六章一. 选择题6.1 B 6.2 D 6.3 A 6.4 A 6.5 B 6.6 D 6.7 D 6.8 B 6.9 A 6.10 A 6.11 C二. 填空题6.12 -16.13 16.14 ctype.h6.15 16.16 10A 20B 30C 40D6.177.29 101.298AB6.18 A7.29B101.2986.19 A B C (每个字符后有三个空格)三. 编程题6.20#include#define N 80void main(){char str[N];int iLoop = 0;gets(str);while(str[iLoop]){printf("%c-%d\t", str[iLoop],str[iLoop]); iLoop++;if(iLoop%3 == 0){printf("\n");}}printf("\n");}6.21#include#define N 80void main(){char str[N];int num = 0;int iLoop = 0;gets(str);while(str[iLoop]){if(str[iLoop] >= '0' && str[iLoop] <= '9') {num = 10*num + (str[iLoop] - '0');iLoop++;}printf("%d\n",num);}6.22#include#include#define N 80void main(){char str[N];int num = -1;do{gets(str);num++;}while(strcmp(str, "EOF"));printf("您输入了%d行字符！\n",num);}6.23#include#define N 80void main(){char str[N];int iLoop = 0;int num = 0;gets(str);while(str[iLoop] && iLoop < N){if(str[iLoop] >= 'a' && str[iLoop] <= 'z'){num++;}iLoop++;}printf("您输入了字符中有%d个小写字母！\n",num); }#includevoid main(){int line;int iLoop1;int iLoop2;printf("请输入图案的行数(不大于26):");scanf("%d", &line);for(iLoop1 = 0; iLoop1 < line; iLoop1++){for(iLoop2 = 0; iLoop2 < line - iLoop1; iLoop2++) {printf(" ");}for(iLoop2 = 0; iLoop2 < 2*iLoop1+1; iLoop2++) {printf("%c",iLoop1 + 'A');}printf("\n");}}第七章一. 选择题7.1 C 7.2 C 7.3 B 7.4 C 7.5 A 7.6 D 7.7 A二. 填空题7.8 127.9 9.0000007.10 47.11 n=1 s7.12 <=y z*x7.13 1 s*i 0 f(k)三. 程序调试和编程题7.14fun(int n){ int k,yes;for(k=2; k<=n/2; k++){if(n%k == 0) { yes = 0; break;}}return yes;}7.15int mymod(int a, int b){return a%b;}7.16double fun(int n){double sum = 0;int iLoop;int sig = -1;for(iLoop=1; iLoop<=n; iLoop++) {sig *= -1;sum += sig*1.0/iLoop;}return sum;}7.17double fun(int n){double t = 1.0;int iLoop;long tmp;for(iLoop=2; iLoop<=n; iLoop++) {tmp = iLoop*iLoop;t -= 1.0/tmp;}return t;}7.18#include#includedouble fun(double x){return x*x + 5*x + 4;}{int x = 2;printf("y1=%f\n", fun(x));printf("y2=%f\n", fun(x+15));printf("y3=%f\n", fun(sin(x)));}第八章一. 选择题8.1 A 8.2 B 8.3 B 8.4 C 8.5 B 8.6 B 8.7 C 8.8 D 8.9 B 8.10 C 8.11 C 8.12 C二. 填空题8.13 1108.14 7 18.15 (1)char *p=&ch; (2) p=&ch; (3)scanf("%c",p); (4)*p='A'; (5)printf("%c",*p);8.16 (1)s=p+3; (2)s=s-2 (3)50 (4)*(s+1) (5)2 (6)10 20 30 40 50三. 编程题8.17void fun(double x, double y, double *sum, double *div){*sum = x + y;*div = x - y;return;}8.18void fun(double x, double y, double z, double *max, double *min){*max = x;*min = x;if(*max < y){*max = y;}if(*max < z){*max = z;}if(*min > y){*min = y;}if(*min > z){}return;}第九章一. 选择题9.1 D 9.2 A 9.3 A 9.4 C 9.5 C 9.6 A 9.7 B 9.8 D 9.9 C 9.10 C 9.11 C 9.12 D 9.13 D 9.14 A 9.15 A 9.16 A 9.17 C 9.18 C二. 填空题9.19 9 09.20 69.21 129.22 39.23 27219.24 -850,2,09.25 k=p k9.26 (c=getchar()) c-'A'三. 编程题9.27#include#define N 81int main(){int counter[10] = {0};int iLoop = 0;char str[N];gets(str);while(str[iLoop]){if(str[iLoop] >= '0' && str[iLoop] <= '9'){counter[str[iLoop] - '0']++;}iLoop++;}for(iLoop=0; iLoop < 10; iLoop++){printf("%d - %d\n", iLoop, counter[iLoop]);}return 0;}void fun(int array[], int arraysize, int start){int iLoop;if(start < arraysize-1){if(start <=0){start = 1;}for(iLoop = start; iLoop < arraysize; iLoop++){array[iLoop-1] = array[iLoop];}}for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < arraysize; iLoop++){printf("No.%d = %d\n", iLoop, array[iLoop]);}}9.29int fun(int arry1[], int arry2[], int arrysize){int iLoop;int counter = 0;for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < arrysize; iLoop++){if(arry1[iLoop] % 2){arry2[counter++] = arry1[iLoop];}}return counter;}9.30void fun(char array[], int arraysize){int iLoop1;int iLoop2;char temp;/* 冒泡排序*/for(iLoop1 = 0; iLoop1 < arraysize - 1; iLoop1++){for(iLoop2 = 0; iLoop2 < arraysize - 1 - iLoop1; iLoop2++)if(array[iLoop2] < array[iLoop2 + 1]){temp = array[iLoop2];array[iLoop2] = array[iLoop2 + 1];array[iLoop2 + 1] = temp;}}}}9.31#includevoid fun(int array[], int arraysize, int inertNumber) {int iLoop;int iLoop2;if(array[0] < array[arraysize-1]){for(iLoop = 0; iLoop< arraysize; iLoop++){if(array[iLoop] > inertNumber){for(iLoop2 = arraysize - 1; iLoop2 >= iLoop; iLoop2--) {array[iLoop2 + 1] = array[iLoop2];}array[iLoop] = inertNumber;break;}}if(iLoop >= arraysize){array[arraysize] = inertNumber;}}else{for(iLoop = 0; iLoop< arraysize; iLoop++){if(array[iLoop] < inertNumber){for(iLoop2 = arraysize - 1; iLoop2 >= iLoop; iLoop2--) {array[iLoop2 + 1] = array[iLoop2]; }array[iLoop] = inertNumber; break;}}if(iLoop >= arraysize){array[arraysize] = inertNumber;}}}int main(){int iLoop;int a[20] = {7,6,5,3,2,1};for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 6; iLoop++) {printf("%d ", a[iLoop]);}printf("\n");fun(a, 6, 0);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 7; iLoop++) {printf("%d ", a[iLoop]);}printf("\n");fun(a, 7, 4);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 8; iLoop++) {printf("%d ", a[iLoop]);}printf("\n");fun(a, 8, 8);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 9; iLoop++) {printf("%d ", a[iLoop]);}printf("\n");return 0;}9.32int fun(int number, int array[]){int iLoop = 0;int iLoop2;int binLen;int midNumber;int div;int remain;midNumber = number;do{div = midNumber/2;remain = midNumber%2;midNumber = div;array[iLoop++] = remain;}while(midNumber);binLen = iLoop;for(iLoop2 = 0, iLoop = binLen - 1; iLoop2 < iLoop; iLoop2++, iLoop--) {midNumber = array[iLoop2];array[iLoop2] = array[iLoop];array[iLoop] = midNumber;}return binLen;}9.33#include#include#define N 15void fun(int array[], int arraysize){int x;int iLoop;int iLoop2;for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < arraysize; iLoop++){iLoop2 = 0;x = rand()%20;do{if(x == array[iLoop2] && iLoop > 0){x = rand()%20;iLoop2 = 0;}iLoop2++;}while(iLoop2 < iLoop);array[iLoop] = x;}}int main(){int a[N];int iLoop;fun(a, N);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++){printf("%d\n", a[iLoop]);}return 0;}第十章一. 选择题10.1 C 10.2 B 10.3 C 10.4 B 10.5 C 10.6 A 10.7 C 10.8 A 10.9 C 10.10 C二. 填空题10.11 GFEDCB10.12 XYZ10.13 SO10.14 1010.15 Itis10.16 strlen(str)-1 j--10.17 310.18 goodgood！三. 编程题10.19char* mygets(char *str){int iLoop = 0;char ch;while((ch=getchar()) != '\n')str[iLoop++] = ch;}str[iLoop] = '\0';return str;}char * myputs(char *str){int iLoop = 0;while(str[iLoop]){putchar(str[iLoop++]);}putchar('\n');return str;}10.20#include#includeint fun(char *str){int len;int iLoop1;int iLoop2;int result = 1;len = strlen(str);for(iLoop1 = 0, iLoop2 = len - 1; iLoop1 < iLoop2; iLoop1++, iLoop2--) {if(str[iLoop1] != str[iLoop2]){result = 0;break;}}return result;}int main(){char a[20] = "ABCDCBA";char b[20] = "ABCDEBA";printf("%d\n", fun(a));printf("%d\n", fun(b));return 0;}10.21char fun(char *str, int pos){int len;int iLoop;char ch;len = strlen(str);if(pos > len){return NULL;}ch = str[pos];for(iLoop = pos; iLoop < len - 1; iLoop++) {str[iLoop] = str[iLoop + 1];}str[len-1] = '\0';return ch;}第十一章一. 选择题11.1 D 11.2 B 11.3 A 11.4 C二. 填空题11.5 IJKLEFGHABCD11.6 711.7 811.8 *(s+j) i+1 i11.9 1711.10 (*fun)() (*fun)(a+i*h)/h mypoly三. 编程题11.11#include#include#define N 81int main(int argc, char **argv)char sig;int dig;int pos;char str[N] = {'\0'};char outStr[N] = {'\0'};if(argc < 2){sig = '-';dig = 10;}else{sig = argv[1][0];dig = argv[1][1] - '0';}printf("请输入一个字符串："); gets(str);if(sig == '-'){pos = strlen(str) - dig;if(pos <= 0){pos = 0;}strcpy(outStr, str + pos);}else if(sig == '+'){strcpy(outStr, str);pos = strlen(outStr);if(pos > dig){pos = dig;}outStr[pos] = '\0';}printf("处理后的字串为："); printf("%s\n", outStr);}11.12#include#includevoid movebin(char *bin){int len;int iLoop;len = strlen(bin);for(iLoop = len; iLoop > 0; iLoop--) {bin[iLoop] = bin[iLoop - 1];}return;}void fun(int n, char *bin){int pos;pos = strlen(bin);if(n == 0){return;}if(n == 1){movebin(bin);bin[0] = '1';return;}movebin(bin);bin[0] = (n%2) + '0';n /= 2;fun(n, bin);return;}int main(){int a = 4;char bin[50] = {""};printf("%s\n", bin);return 0;}11.13#includelong fun(int n){if(n == 1){return n;}else{return fun(n-1) + n;}}int main(){int num;int sum;printf("请输入一个自然数："); scanf("%d", &num);sum = fun(num);printf("结果是：%d\n", sum);return 0;}11.14#includeint fun(int n){if(n == 0 || n == 1){return 1;}else{return fun(n-1) + fun(n-2);}}int main(){int num;int result;printf("请输入一个自然数：");scanf("%d", &num);result = fun(num);printf("斐波拉契级数为：%d\n", result);return 0;}第十二章一. 选择题12.1 B 12.2 B 12.3 A 12.4 C 12.5 D 12.6 B 12.7 A 12.8 A二. 填空题12.9 2,5,1,2,3,-212.10 2468第十三章一. 选择题13.1 A 13.2 C 13.3 B 13.4 C 13.5 D 13.6 D 13.7 D二. 填空题13.8 ar=9 ar=9 ar=1113.9 int* s *b三. 编程题13.10#define MYALPHA(C) ((C>='A' && C<='Z') || (C>='a' && C<='z')) ? 1 : 0 13.11#define SWAP(t,x,y) {t tmp; tmp=x; x=y; y=tmp;}13.12#include#includeint main(){int *p;int tmp;int iLoop;int iLoop2;p = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int)*3);scanf("%d%d%d", p,p+1,p+2);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 2; iLoop++){for(iLoop2 = 0; iLoop2 < 2 - iLoop; iLoop2++){if(*(p + iLoop2) > *(p + iLoop2 + 1)){tmp = *(p + iLoop2);*(p + iLoop2) = *(p + iLoop2 + 1);*(p + iLoop2 + 1) = tmp;}}}printf("%d %d %d\n", *p, *(p+1), *(p+2));free(p);p = NULL;return 0;}第十四章一. 选择题14.1 D 14.2 D 14.3 D 14.4 A 14.5 C 14.6 C 14.7 C 14.8 B二. 填空题14.9 struct link *next14.10 p->next m>p->data14.11 (struct list*) struct list struct list* struct list return h三. 编程题14.12#include#define N 3struct stud{char num[5], name[10];int s[4];double ave;};void readrec(struct stud array[], int size){int iLoop;for(iLoop=0; iLoop {scanf("%s%s%d%d%d%d", array[iLoop].num, array[iLoop].name, &array[iLoop].s[0], &array[iLoop].s[1],&array[iLoop].s[2], &array[iLoop].s[3]);array[iLoop].ave = (array[iLoop].s[0] + array[iLoop].s[1] +array[iLoop].s[2] + array[iLoop].s[3])/4.0;}return;}void writerec(struct stud array[], int size){int iLoop;for(iLoop=0; iLoop{printf("%s\t%s\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%f\n",array[iLoop].num,array[iLoop].name,array[iLoop].s[0],array[iLoop].s[1],array[iLoop].s[2],array[iLoop].s[3],array[iLoop].ave);}return;}int main(){struct stud stu[N];readrec(stu, N);writerec(stu, N);return 0;}14.13#include#include#define N 100struct node{int data;struct node* next;};int seekMaxValue(struct node *pNode){int max;struct node* pMove;pMove = pNode;max = pMove->data;pMove = pMove->next;while(pMove){if(max < pMove->data){max = pMove->data;}pMove = pMove->next;}return max;}struct node* seekMaxValueAddress(struct node *pNode) {int max;struct node* maxAddress;struct node* pMove;pMove = pNode;max = pMove->data;maxAddress = pMove;pMove = pMove->next;while(pMove){if(max < pMove->data){max = pMove->data;maxAddress = pMove;}pMove = pMove->next;}return maxAddress;}int main(){struct node* head;struct node* pNode;int iLoop;head = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); pNode = head;pNode->next = NULL;for(iLoop=0; iLoop {pNode->next = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); pNode = pNode->next;pNode->next = NULL;pNode->data = iLoop;}printf("%d\n", seekMaxValue(head->next));printf("%d\n", seekMaxValueAddress(head->next));return 0;}第十五章一.选择题15.1 D 15.2 A 15.3 B 15.4 A二. 填空题15.5 1111000015.6 a^a15.7 a|0xffff15.8 x|0xff0015.9 a=(012500>>2)15.10 ch|0x20第十六章一. 选择题16.1 B 16.2 C二. 填空题16.3 3 !feof(f1) f2 fclose(f1) fclose(f2)16.4 fopen(fname,"w") ch16.5 "r" !feof(fp) fgetc(fp)16.6 CCCCBBBBAAAA三. 编程题#include#define N 10#define LEN 81int main(){char *str[N] = {"AAAAAAAAA", "BBBBBBBBB", "CCCCCCCCC", "DDDDDDDDD", "EEEEEEEEE", "FFFFFFFFF", "GGGGGGGGG", "HHHHHHHHH","IIIIIIIII","JJJJJJJJJ"};char str2[N][LEN];FILE *fp;int iLoop;fp = fopen("str.txt", "w");if(fp == NULL){printf("创建文件失败！\n"); return 1;}else{for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++) {fputs(str[iLoop], fp);fputs("\n",fp);}}fclose(fp);fp = fopen("str.txt", "r");if(fp == NULL){printf("打开文件失败！\n"); return 1;}elsefor(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++){fgets(str2[iLoop], LEN - 1, fp);}}fclose(fp);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++){printf("%s", str2[iLoop]);}return 0;}16.8#include#define N 10int main(){float num;int iLoop;FILE *fp;fp = fopen("num.bin", "wb+");if(fp == NULL){printf("创建文件失败！\n");return 1;}/* 从键盘读入10个数并写文件*/printf("请输入%d个数：", N); for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++){scanf("%f", &num);fwrite(&num, sizeof(num), 1, fp);}/* 文件指针回到开始处*/rewind(fp);/* 从文件读出10个数并显示*/for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++){fread(&num, sizeof(num), 1, fp);printf("%f\n", num);/* 移文件指针到第四个数开始处*/fseek(fp, 3L*sizeof(num), SEEK_SET);/* 读入一个新数据*/printf("请输入一个新数据："); scanf("%f", &num);fwrite(&num, sizeof(num), 1, fp);/* 文件指针回到开始处*/rewind(fp);/* 从文件读出10个数并显示*/for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++){fread(&num, sizeof(num), 1, fp);printf("%f\n", num);} /* 关闭文件*/fclose(fp);return 0;}。
《全国计算机等级考试二级教程——C语言程序设计》课后习题详细答案
《全国计算机等级考试二级教程——C语言程序设计》习题分析与详细解答第一章程序设计基本概念习题分析与解答1．1 【参考答案】EXE1．2 【参考答案】［1］.C ［2］.OBJ ［3］.EXE1．3 【参考答案】［1］顺序结构［2］选择结构［3］循环结构第二章C程序设计的初步知识习题分析与解答一、选择题2．1 【参考答案】B)2．2 【参考答案】D)2．3 【参考答案】B)2．4 【参考答案】A)2．5 【参考答案】C)2．6 【参考答案】A)2．7 【参考答案】B)2．8 【参考答案】B)2．9 【参考答案】D)2．10 【参考答案】C)2．11 【参考答案】B)2．12 【参考答案】B)2．13 【参考答案】A)二、填空题2．14 【参考答案】［1］11 ［2］122．15 【参考答案】［1］4.2 ［2］4.22．16 【参考答案】［1］{ ［2］} ［3］定义［4］执行2．17 【参考答案】［1］关键字［2］用户标识符2．18 【参考答案】［1］int ［2］float ［3］double2．19 【参考答案】float a1=1.0, a2=1.0；或float a1=1, a2=1;(系统将自动把1转换为1.0)2．20 【参考答案】存储单元2．21 【参考答案】 3.52．22 【参考答案】［1］a*b/c ［2］a/c*b ［3］b/c*a2．23 【参考答案】把10赋给变量s2．24 【参考答案】［1］位［2］1位二进制数据(0或1)2．25 【参考答案】［1］8 ［2］127 ［3］01111111 ［4］-128 [ 5 ] 10000000 2．26 【参考答案】［1］32767 ［2］-32768 ［3］100002．27 【参考答案】［1］十［2］八［3］十六三、上机改错题2．28 【分析与解答】第1行的错误：(1) include是一个程序行，因此在此行的最后不应当有分号(;)。
全国计算机等级考试二级教程--C语言程序设计课后习题答案
《全国计算机等级考试二级教程--C语言程序设计》课后习题答案第一章1.1 EXE1.2 C OBJ EXE1.3 顺序选择循环第二章一. 选择题2.1 B 2.2 D 2.3 B 2.4 A 2.5 C 2.6 A 2.7 B2.8 B 2.9 D 2.10 C 2.11 B 2.12 B 2.13 A二. 填空题2.14 11 122.15 4.2 4.22.16 { } 定义执行语句2.17 关键字用户标识符2.18 int float double2.19 float a1=1; float a2=1;2.20 存储单元2.213.52.22 (a*b)/c a*b/c a/c*b2.23 把常量10赋给变量s2.24 位1或02.25 8 127 0111111 -128 100000002.26 32767 -32768 10000000000000002.27 10 8 16三. 上机改错题2.28#include "stdio.h"; 删除行尾的";"main(); / * main function * / 删除")"后的";",注释中的*要紧靠“/”,即应为“/*”和“*/”函数开始处遗失了一个“{”float r,s ; /*/*r is radius*/,/* s is area of circuilar*/*/ 注释符号不可嵌套使用r = 5.0 ;s = 3.14159 * r * r ;printf("%f\n",s) 行尾遗失了“;”函数结束处遗失了一个“}”2.29#include "stdio.h"main /* main function */ main后遗失了“()”{float a,b,c,v; /*a,b,c are sides, v is volume of cube */a=2.0; b=3.0; c=4.0 行尾遗失了“;”v=a*b*c;printf("%f\n", v) 行尾遗失了“;”}第三章一. 选择题3.1 C 3.2 C 3.3 D 3.4 C 3.5 D 3.6 B 3.7 C 3.8 D 3.9 A 3.10 B3.11 C 3.12 D 3.13 D 3.14 A 3.15 C 3.16 C 3.17 C 3.18 无答案3.19 C 3.20 B二. 填空题3.21 (1)-2002500(2)i=-200,j=2500(3)i=-200j=25003.22 12 0 03.23 一条语句;3.24 ;3.25 100,25.81,1.89234 100 25.81 1.89234 100 25.81 1.89234 3.26 x=127,x= 127,x= 177,x= 7f,x= 1273.27 x=127,x=127 ,x=$127 ,x=$000127,x=%06d3.28 a=513.789215,a= 513.79,a= 513.78921500,a= 513.78921500三. 编程题和改错题3.29 修改后的程序如下：main(){double a,b,c,s,v;printf("input a,b,c:");scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&a,&b,&c);s =a*b;v=a*b*c;printf("a=%f,b=%f,c=%f\n", a,b,c);printf("s=%f,v=%f\n",s,v);}3.30#includemain(){int a=560,b=60;printf("560 minute is %d hour and %d minute.\n",a/b,a%b); }3.31#includemain(){int a,b;a=1500;b=350;printf("a div b is : %d\n",a/b);printf("a mod b is : %d\n",a%b);}3.32#includemain(){double a,b,c,ave;printf ("input 3 double number : \n");scanf ("%lf%lf%lf",&a,&b,&c);printf ("%.1f\n",(a+b+c)/3);}3.33#includevoid main()int a,b,c,t;printf("请依次输入整数a,b,c:");scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);printf("\n你输入的值是: a=%d,b=%d,c=%d\n",a,b,c);t=b;b=a;a=c;c=t;printf("交换之后的值是:a=%d,b=%d,c=%d\n",a,b,c);}第四章一. 选择题4.1 A 4.2 A 4.3 A 4.4 D 4.5 C 4.6 A 4.7 B 4.8 C 4.9 D 4.10 C二. 填空题4.11 非0 04.12 < > >= <=同级== ！=同级4.13 ! && ||4.15 !4.16 a == b || a < c x > 4 || x < -44.17 14.18 x <= 0 1 > 04.19 3 2 24.20 *#三. 编程题4.21 略#include/* 检查日期的合法性*/int checkdate(int year, int month, int day) {if(year < 1900 || year > 2005){printf("输入的年份无效!\n");return 0;}else if(month < 0 && month > 12){printf("输入的月份无效!\n");return 0;}else if(day <= 0 && day > 31){printf("输入的日期无效!\n");return 0;}else{switch(month){case 4:case 9:case 11:if(day > 30){printf("输入的日期无效!\n");return 0;}break;case 2:if((year%4 == 0 && year%100 != 0) || year%400 == 0) {if(day > 29){printf("输入的日期无效!\n");return 0;}}else{if(day > 28){printf("输入的出生日期无效!\n");return 0;}}}/* end of switch(m0)*/}return 1;}void main(){int y0, m0, d0; /* 生日*/int y1, m1, d1; /* 当前日期*/int years, months, days; /* 实足年龄*/printf("请输入学生的生日:");scanf("%d%d%d", &y0,&m0,&d0);if(checkdate(y0, m0, d0)){printf("请输入当前日期:");scanf("%d%d%d", &y1,&m1,&d1);/*当前日期合法性检查*/if(!checkdate(y1, m1, d1)){return;}else if(y0 > y1){printf("出生年份比当前年份晚!\n"); return;}else if(y0 == y1){if(m0 > m1){printf("出生年月比当前年月晚!\n"); return;}else if(m0 == m1){if(d0 > d1){printf("出生年月日比当前年月日晚!\n"); return;}}}}/* 计算实足年龄*/years = y1 - y0;months = m1 - m0;days = d1 - d0;/* 修正实足年龄天数*/if(days < 0){months--;switch(m1){case 1:case 5:case 7:case 10:case 12:days += 30;break;case 2:case 4:case 6:case 8:case 9:case 11:days += 31;break;case 3:if((y1%4 == 0 && y1%100 != 0) || y1%400 == 0) {days += 29;}else{days += 28;}break;}/* end of switch(m1) */}/* end of if(days < 0) *//* 修正实足年龄月数*/if(months < 0){months += 12;years--;}/* end of if(months < 0) */printf("出生日期: %d年%d月%d日\n", y0, m0, d0);printf("当前日期: %d年%d月%d日\n", y1, m1, d1);printf("实足年龄: %d年%d月%d日\n", years, months, days);return;}4.23#includevoid main(){int a;printf ("请输入一个整数:"); scanf ("%d",&a);if (a%2==0){printf ("%d 是偶数\n", a);}else{printf ("%d 是奇数\n", a);}}4.24#includevoid main(){int a,b,c,temp,max;printf ("请输入三个整数:"); scanf ("%d %d %d",&a,&b,&c); temp=(a>b)? a:b;max=(temp>c)? temp:c;printf ("\n");printf ("你输入的数中最大的是%d.\n",max); }4.25(1)不嵌套的if语句#includevoid main(){int x,y;printf("input x :");scanf("%d",&x);if ( x>-5 && x<0 ){printf("y is %d\n",y=x);}if ( x==0 ){printf("y is %d\n",y=x-1);}if ( x>0 && x<10 ){printf("y is %d\n",y=x+1);}if ( x>=10 || x<=-5){printf("error\n");}}(2)嵌套的if语句#includevoid main(){int x,y;printf("input x :");scanf("%d",&x);printf("\n");if(x < 0){if(x > -5){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x); }else{printf("error!\n");}}if(0 == x){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x-1);if(x > 0){if(x < 10){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x+1); }else{printf("error!\n");}}}(3)if_else语句#includevoid main(){int x,y;printf("input x :");scanf("%d",&x);if( x>-5 && x<0 ){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x); }else if( x==0 )printf("y is %d.\n",y=x-1); }else if( x>0 && x<10 ) {printf("y is %d.\n",y=x+1); }else{printf("error!\n");}}(4)switch语句#includevoid main(){int x,y;printf("input x : ");scanf("%d",&x);switch (x){case -4:case -3:case -2:case -1:printf("y is %d.\n",y=x);break;case 0:printf("y is %d.\n",y=x-1);break;case 1:case 2:case 3:case 4:case 5:case 6:case 7:case 8:case 9:printf("y is %d.\n",y=x+1);break;default:printf("error!\n");}}第五章一. 选择题5.1 D 5.2 C 5.3 B 5.4 C 5.5 C 5.6 B 5.7 D 5.8 A 5.9 D 5.10 D二. 填空题5.11 5 4 65.12 死循环5.13 -15.14 115.15 d=1.0 k++ k<=n5.16 x>=0 x三. 编程题5.17#includevoid main(){int i;int sig = 1;int sum = 0;for(i=1; i<=101; i++,i++) {sum += sig*i;sig *= -1;}printf("sum=%d\n", sum); }5.18(1)#includevoid main(){int i;double m=1.0; double e = 1.0;for(i=1; i<50; i++) {m *= i;e += 1/m;}printf("e=%f\n",e); }(2)#includevoid main(){int i=1;double m=1.0; double e = 1.0; while(1/m >= 0.0004) {m *= i;e += 1/m;i++;}printf("e=%f\n",e);}5.19#includevoid main(){int year;int col = 0;for(year=1600; year<=2000; year++){if((year%4 == 0 && year%100 != 0) || year%400 == 0) {printf("%d\t", year);col++;if(col%5 == 0){printf("\n");}}}printf("\n");}5.20#include#define N 7void main(){int i;int j;int m;int k = N/2;for(i=0; i {m = i-k;if(m < 0){m *= -1;}for(j=0; j {printf(" ");}for(j=0; j<2*(k-m)+1; j++) {printf("*");}printf("\n");}第六章一. 选择题6.1 B 6.2 D 6.3 A 6.4 A 6.5 B 6.6 D 6.7 D 6.8 B 6.9 A 6.10 A 6.11 C二. 填空题6.12 -16.13 16.14 ctype.h6.15 16.16 10A 20B 30C 40D6.177.29 101.298AB6.18 A7.29B101.2986.19 A B C (每个字符后有三个空格)三. 编程题6.20#include#define N 80void main(){char str[N];int iLoop = 0;gets(str);while(str[iLoop]){printf("%c-%d\t", str[iLoop],str[iLoop]); iLoop++;if(iLoop%3 == 0){printf("\n");}}printf("\n");}6.21#include#define N 80void main(){char str[N];int num = 0;int iLoop = 0;gets(str);while(str[iLoop]){if(str[iLoop] >= '0' && str[iLoop] <= '9') {num = 10*num + (str[iLoop] - '0');}iLoop++;}printf("%d\n",num);}6.22#include#include#define N 80void main(){char str[N];int num = -1;do{gets(str);num++;}while(strcmp(str, "EOF"));printf("您输入了%d行字符！\n",num); }#include#define N 80void main(){char str[N];int iLoop = 0;int num = 0;gets(str);while(str[iLoop] && iLoop < N){if(str[iLoop] >= 'a' && str[iLoop] <= 'z'){num++;}iLoop++;}printf("您输入了字符中有%d个小写字母！\n",num); }6.24#includevoid main(){int iLoop1;int iLoop2;printf("请输入图案的行数(不大于26):");scanf("%d", &line);for(iLoop1 = 0; iLoop1 < line; iLoop1++){for(iLoop2 = 0; iLoop2 < line - iLoop1; iLoop2++) {printf(" ");}for(iLoop2 = 0; iLoop2 < 2*iLoop1+1; iLoop2++) {printf("%c",iLoop1 + 'A');}printf("\n");}}第七章一. 选择题7.1 C 7.2 C 7.3 B 7.4 C 7.5 A 7.6 D 7.7 A二. 填空题7.8 127.9 9.0000007.10 47.11 n=1 s7.12 <=y z*x7.13 1 s*i 0 f(k)三. 程序调试和编程题7.14fun(int n){ int k,yes;for(k=2; k<=n/2; k++){if(n%k == 0) { yes = 0; break;} else yes = 1;}return yes;}7.15int mymod(int a, int b){return a%b;}7.16double fun(int n){double sum = 0;int iLoop;int sig = -1;for(iLoop=1; iLoop<=n; iLoop++) {sig *= -1;sum += sig*1.0/iLoop;}return sum;}7.17double fun(int n){double t = 1.0;int iLoop;long tmp;for(iLoop=2; iLoop<=n; iLoop++) {tmp = iLoop*iLoop;t -= 1.0/tmp;}return t;}7.18#includedouble fun(double x){return x*x + 5*x + 4;}void main(){int x = 2;printf("y1=%f\n", fun(x));printf("y2=%f\n", fun(x+15));printf("y3=%f\n", fun(sin(x)));}第八章一. 选择题8.1 A 8.2 B 8.3 B 8.4 C 8.5 B 8.6 B 8.7 C 8.8 D 8.9 B 8.10 C 8.11 C 8.12 C二. 填空题8.13 1108.14 7 18.15 (1)char *p=&ch; (2) p=&ch; (3)scanf("%c",p); (4)*p='A'; (5)printf("%c",*p);8.16 (1)s=p+3; (2)s=s-2 (3)50 (4)*(s+1) (5)2 (6)10 20 30 40 50三. 编程题8.17void fun(double x, double y, double *sum, double *div){*sum = x + y;*div = x - y;return;}8.18void fun(double x, double y, double z, double *max, double *min){*max = x;*min = x;if(*max < y){*max = y;}if(*max < z){}if(*min > y){*min = y;}if(*min > z){*min = z;}return;}第九章一. 选择题9.1 D 9.2 A 9.3 A 9.4 C 9.5 C 9.6 A 9.7 B 9.8 D 9.9 C 9.10 C 9.11 C 9.12 D 9.13 D 9.14 A 9.15 A 9.16 A 9.17 C 9.18 C二. 填空题9.19 9 09.20 69.21 129.22 39.23 27219.24 -850,2,09.25 k=p k9.26 (c=getchar()) c-'A'三. 编程题9.27#include#define N 81int main(){int counter[10] = {0};int iLoop = 0;char str[N];gets(str);while(str[iLoop]){if(str[iLoop] >= '0' && str[iLoop] <= '9'){counter[str[iLoop] - '0']++;}iLoop++;}for(iLoop=0; iLoop < 10; iLoop++){printf("%d - %d\n", iLoop, counter[iLoop]); }return 0;}9.28void fun(int array[], int arraysize, int start) {int iLoop;if(start < arraysize-1){if(start <=0){start = 1;}for(iLoop = start; iLoop < arraysize; iLoop++) {array[iLoop-1] = array[iLoop];}}for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < arraysize; iLoop++) {printf("No.%d = %d\n", iLoop, array[iLoop]); }}9.29int fun(int arry1[], int arry2[], int arrysize) {int iLoop;int counter = 0;for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < arrysize; iLoop++) {if(arry1[iLoop] % 2){arry2[counter++] = arry1[iLoop];}}return counter;}9.30void fun(char array[], int arraysize){int iLoop1;int iLoop2;char temp;/* 冒泡排序*/for(iLoop1 = 0; iLoop1 < arraysize - 1; iLoop1++){for(iLoop2 = 0; iLoop2 < arraysize - 1 - iLoop1; iLoop2++) {if(array[iLoop2] < array[iLoop2 + 1]){temp = array[iLoop2];array[iLoop2] = array[iLoop2 + 1];array[iLoop2 + 1] = temp;}}}}9.31#includevoid fun(int array[], int arraysize, int inertNumber){int iLoop;int iLoop2;if(array[0] < array[arraysize-1]){for(iLoop = 0; iLoop< arraysize; iLoop++){if(array[iLoop] > inertNumber){for(iLoop2 = arraysize - 1; iLoop2 >= iLoop; iLoop2--) {array[iLoop2 + 1] = array[iLoop2];}array[iLoop] = inertNumber;break;}}if(iLoop >= arraysize){array[arraysize] = inertNumber;}}else{for(iLoop = 0; iLoop< arraysize; iLoop++){if(array[iLoop] < inertNumber){for(iLoop2 = arraysize - 1; iLoop2 >= iLoop; iLoop2--) {array[iLoop2 + 1] = array[iLoop2];}array[iLoop] = inertNumber;break;}}if(iLoop >= arraysize){array[arraysize] = inertNumber;}}}int main(){int iLoop;int a[20] = {7,6,5,3,2,1};for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 6; iLoop++){printf("%d ", a[iLoop]);}printf("\n");fun(a, 6, 0);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 7; iLoop++){printf("%d ", a[iLoop]);}printf("\n");fun(a, 7, 4);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 8; iLoop++){printf("%d ", a[iLoop]);}printf("\n");fun(a, 8, 8);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 9; iLoop++){printf("%d ", a[iLoop]);}printf("\n");return 0;}9.32int fun(int number, int array[]){int iLoop = 0;int iLoop2;int binLen;int midNumber;int div;int remain;midNumber = number;do{div = midNumber/2;remain = midNumber%2;midNumber = div;array[iLoop++] = remain;}while(midNumber);binLen = iLoop;for(iLoop2 = 0, iLoop = binLen - 1; iLoop2 < iLoop; iLoop2++, iLoop--) {midNumber = array[iLoop2];array[iLoop2] = array[iLoop];array[iLoop] = midNumber;}return binLen;}9.33#include#include#define N 15void fun(int array[], int arraysize){int x;int iLoop2;for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < arraysize; iLoop++){iLoop2 = 0;x = rand()%20;do{if(x == array[iLoop2] && iLoop > 0){x = rand()%20;iLoop2 = 0;}iLoop2++;}while(iLoop2 < iLoop);array[iLoop] = x;}}int main(){int a[N];int iLoop;fun(a, N);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++){printf("%d\n", a[iLoop]);}return 0;}第十章一. 选择题10.1 C 10.2 B 10.3 C 10.4 B 10.5 C 10.6 A 10.7 C 10.8 A 10.9 C 10.10 C二. 填空题10.11 GFEDCB10.12 XYZ10.13 SO10.14 1010.16 strlen(str)-1 j--10.17 310.18 goodgood！三. 编程题10.19char* mygets(char *str){int iLoop = 0;char ch;while((ch=getchar()) != '\n'){str[iLoop++] = ch;}str[iLoop] = '\0';return str;}char * myputs(char *str){int iLoop = 0;while(str[iLoop]){putchar(str[iLoop++]);}putchar('\n');return str;}10.20#include#includeint fun(char *str){int len;int iLoop1;int iLoop2;int result = 1;len = strlen(str);for(iLoop1 = 0, iLoop2 = len - 1; iLoop1 < iLoop2; iLoop1++, iLoop2--) {if(str[iLoop1] != str[iLoop2]){break;}}return result;}int main(){char a[20] = "ABCDCBA";char b[20] = "ABCDEBA";printf("%d\n", fun(a));printf("%d\n", fun(b));return 0;}10.21char fun(char *str, int pos){int len;int iLoop;char ch;len = strlen(str);if(pos > len){return NULL;}ch = str[pos];for(iLoop = pos; iLoop < len - 1; iLoop++) {str[iLoop] = str[iLoop + 1];}str[len-1] = '\0';return ch;}第十一章一. 选择题11.1 D 11.2 B 11.3 A 11.4 C二. 填空题11.5 IJKLEFGHABCD11.6 711.7 811.8 *(s+j) i+1 i11.9 1711.10 (*fun)() (*fun)(a+i*h)/h mypoly三. 编程题11.11#include#include#define N 81int main(int argc, char **argv){char sig;int dig;int pos;char str[N] = {'\0'};char outStr[N] = {'\0'};if(argc < 2){sig = '-';dig = 10;}else{sig = argv[1][0];dig = argv[1][1] - '0';}printf("请输入一个字符串：");gets(str);if(sig == '-'){pos = strlen(str) - dig;if(pos <= 0){pos = 0;}strcpy(outStr, str + pos);}else if(sig == '+'){strcpy(outStr, str);pos = strlen(outStr);if(pos > dig){pos = dig;}outStr[pos] = '\0';}printf("处理后的字串为：");printf("%s\n", outStr);return 0;}11.12#include#includevoid movebin(char *bin){int len;int iLoop;len = strlen(bin);for(iLoop = len; iLoop > 0; iLoop--) {bin[iLoop] = bin[iLoop - 1];}return;}void fun(int n, char *bin){int pos;pos = strlen(bin);if(n == 0){return;}if(n == 1){movebin(bin);bin[0] = '1';return;}movebin(bin);bin[0] = (n%2) + '0';n /= 2;fun(n, bin);return;}int main(){int a = 4;char bin[50] = {""};fun(a, bin);printf("%s\n", bin);return 0;}11.13#includelong fun(int n){if(n == 1){return n;}else{return fun(n-1) + n;}}int main(){int num;int sum;printf("请输入一个自然数："); scanf("%d", &num);sum = fun(num);printf("结果是：%d\n", sum); return 0;}11.14#includeint fun(int n){if(n == 0 || n == 1){return 1;}else{return fun(n-1) + fun(n-2);}}int main(){int num;int result;printf("请输入一个自然数：");scanf("%d", &num);result = fun(num);printf("斐波拉契级数为：%d\n", result);return 0;}第十二章一. 选择题12.1 B 12.2 B 12.3 A 12.4 C 12.5 D 12.6 B 12.7 A 12.8 A二. 填空题12.9 2,5,1,2,3,-212.10 2468第十三章一. 选择题13.1 A 13.2 C 13.3 B 13.4 C 13.5 D 13.6 D 13.7 D二. 填空题13.8 ar=9 ar=9 ar=1113.9 int* s *b三. 编程题13.10#define MYALPHA(C) ((C>='A' && C<='Z') || (C>='a' && C<='z')) ? 1 : 0 13.11#define SWAP(t,x,y) {t tmp; tmp=x; x=y; y=tmp;}13.12#include#includeint main(){int *p;int tmp;int iLoop;int iLoop2;p = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int)*3);scanf("%d%d%d", p,p+1,p+2);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 2; iLoop++){for(iLoop2 = 0; iLoop2 < 2 - iLoop; iLoop2++){if(*(p + iLoop2) > *(p + iLoop2 + 1)){tmp = *(p + iLoop2);*(p + iLoop2) = *(p + iLoop2 + 1);*(p + iLoop2 + 1) = tmp;}}}printf("%d %d %d\n", *p, *(p+1), *(p+2));free(p);p = NULL;return 0;}第十四章一. 选择题14.1 D 14.2 D 14.3 D 14.4 A 14.5 C 14.6 C 14.7 C 14.8 B14.9 struct link *next14.10 p->next m>p->data14.11 (struct list*) struct list struct list* struct list return h三. 编程题14.12#include#define N 3struct stud{char num[5], name[10];int s[4];double ave;};void readrec(struct stud array[], int size){int iLoop;for(iLoop=0; iLoop {scanf("%s%s%d%d%d%d", array[iLoop].num, array[iLoop].name, &array[iLoop].s[0], &array[iLoop].s[1],&array[iLoop].s[2], &array[iLoop].s[3]);array[iLoop].ave = (array[iLoop].s[0] + array[iLoop].s[1] +array[iLoop].s[2] + array[iLoop].s[3])/4.0;}return;}void writerec(struct stud array[], int size){int iLoop;for(iLoop=0; iLoop{printf("%s\t%s\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%f\n",array[iLoop].num,array[iLoop].name,array[iLoop].s[0],array[iLoop].s[1],array[iLoop].s[2],array[iLoop].s[3],array[iLoop].ave);}return;}{struct stud stu[N];readrec(stu, N);writerec(stu, N);return 0;}14.13#include#include#define N 100struct node{int data;struct node* next;};int seekMaxValue(struct node *pNode){int max;struct node* pMove;pMove = pNode;max = pMove->data;pMove = pMove->next;while(pMove){if(max < pMove->data){max = pMove->data;}pMove = pMove->next;}return max;}struct node* seekMaxValueAddress(struct node *pNode) {int max;struct node* maxAddress;struct node* pMove;pMove = pNode;max = pMove->data;maxAddress = pMove;pMove = pMove->next;while(pMove){if(max < pMove->data){max = pMove->data;maxAddress = pMove;}pMove = pMove->next;}return maxAddress;}int main(){struct node* head;struct node* pNode;int iLoop;head = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); pNode = head;pNode->next = NULL;for(iLoop=0; iLoop {pNode->next = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); pNode = pNode->next;pNode->next = NULL;pNode->data = iLoop;}printf("%d\n", seekMaxValue(head->next));printf("%d\n", seekMaxValueAddress(head->next));return 0;}第十五章一. 选择题15.1 D 15.2 A 15.3 B 15.4 A二. 填空题15.5 1111000015.6 a^a15.7 a|0xffff15.8 x|0xff0015.9 a=(012500>>2)15.10 ch|0x20第十六章一. 选择题16.1 B 16.2 C二. 填空题16.3 3 !feof(f1) f2 fclose(f1) fclose(f2) 16.4 fopen(fname,"w") ch16.5 "r" !feof(fp) fgetc(fp)16.6 CCCCBBBBAAAA三. 编程题16.7#include#define N 10#define LEN 81int main(){char *str[N] = {"AAAAAAAAA", "BBBBBBBBB", "CCCCCCCCC", "DDDDDDDDD", "EEEEEEEEE", "FFFFFFFFF", "GGGGGGGGG", "HHHHHHHHH","IIIIIIIII","JJJJJJJJJ"};char str2[N][LEN];FILE *fp;int iLoop;fp = fopen("str.txt", "w");if(fp == NULL){printf("创建文件失败！\n");return 1;}else{for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++) {fputs(str[iLoop], fp);fputs("\n",fp);}}fclose(fp);fp = fopen("str.txt", "r");if(fp == NULL){printf("打开文件失败！\n"); return 1;}else{for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++) {fgets(str2[iLoop], LEN - 1, fp);}}fclose(fp);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++) {printf("%s", str2[iLoop]);}return 0;}16.8#include#define N 10int main(){float num;int iLoop;FILE *fp;fp = fopen("num.bin", "wb+");if(fp == NULL){printf("创建文件失败！\n");return 1;}/* 从键盘读入10个数并写文件*/ printf("请输入%d个数：", N);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++) {scanf("%f", &num);fwrite(&num, sizeof(num), 1, fp);}/* 文件指针回到开始处*/rewind(fp);/* 从文件读出10个数并显示*/for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++) {fread(&num, sizeof(num), 1, fp); printf("%f\n", num);}/* 移文件指针到第四个数开始处*/ fseek(fp, 3L*sizeof(num), SEEK_SET); /* 读入一个新数据*/printf("请输入一个新数据：");scanf("%f", &num);fwrite(&num, sizeof(num), 1, fp);/* 文件指针回到开始处*/rewind(fp);/* 从文件读出10个数并显示*/for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++) {fread(&num, sizeof(num), 1, fp); printf("%f\n", num);}/* 关闭文件*/fclose(fp);return 0;}她含着笑，切着冰屑悉索的萝卜，她含着笑，用手掏着猪吃的麦糟，她含着笑，扇着炖肉的炉子的火，她含着笑，背了团箕到广场上去晒好那些大豆和小麦，大堰河，为了生活，在她流尽了她的乳液之后，她就用抱过我的两臂，劳动了。
全国计算机等级考试二级教程--C语言程序设计课后习题答案范文
《全国计算机等级考试二级教程--C语言程序设计》课后习题答案第一章1.1 EXE1.2 C OBJ EXE1.3 顺序选择循环第二章一. 选择题2.1 B 2.2 D 2.3 B 2.4 A 2.5 C 2.6 A 2.7 B2.8 B 2.9 D 2.10 C 2.11 B 2.12 B 2.13 A二. 填空题2.14 11 122.15 4.2 4.22.16 { } 定义执行语句2.17 关键字用户标识符2.18 int float double2.19 float a1=1; float a2=1;2.20 存储单元2.213.52.22 (a*b)/c a*b/c a/c*b2.23 把常量10赋给变量s2.24 位1或02.25 8 127 -1282.26 32767 -32768 000002.27 10 8 16三. 上机改错题2.28#include "stdio.h"; 删除行尾的";"main(); / * main function * / 删除")"后的";",注释中的*要紧靠“/”,即应为“/*”和“*/”函数开始处遗失了一个“{”float r,s ; /*/*r is radius*/,/* s is area of circuilar*/*/ 注释符号不可嵌套使用r = 5.0 ;s = 3.14159 * r * r ;printf("%f\n",s) 行尾遗失了“;”函数结束处遗失了一个“}”2.29#include "stdio.h"main /* main function */ main后遗失了“()”{float a,b,c,v; /*a,b,c are sides, v is volume of cube */a=2.0; b=3.0; c=4.0 行尾遗失了“;”printf("%f\n", v) 行尾遗失了“;”}第三章一. 选择题3.1 C 3.2 C 3.3 D 3.4 C 3.5 D 3.6 B 3.7 C 3.8 D 3.9 A 3.10 B3.11 C 3.12 D 3.13 D 3.14 A 3.15 C 3.16 C 3.17 C 3.18 无答案3.19 C 3.20 B二. 填空题3.21 (1)-(2)i=-200,j=2500(3)i=-200j=25003.22 12 0 03.23 一条语句;3.24 ;3.25 100,25.81,1.89234 100 25.81 1.89234 100 25.81 1.892343.26 x=127,x= 127,x= 177,x= 7f,x= 1273.27 x=127,x=127 ,x=$127 ,x=$,x=%06d3.28 a=513.,a= 513.79,a= 513.,a= 513.三. 编程题和改错题3.29 修改后的程序如下：main(){double a,b,c,s,v;printf("input a,b,c:");scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&a,&b,&c);s =a*b;v=a*b*c;printf("a=%f,b=%f,c=%f\n", a,b,c);printf("s=%f,v=%f\n",s,v);}3.30#includemain(){int a=560,b=60;printf("560 minute is %d hour and %d minute.\n",a/b,a%b);}3.31#includemain(){a=1500;b=350;printf("a div b is : %d\n",a/b);printf("a mod b is : %d\n",a%b);}3.32#includemain(){double a,b,c,ave;printf ("input 3 double number : \n");scanf ("%lf%lf%lf",&a,&b,&c);printf ("%.1f\n",(a+b+c)/3);}3.33#includevoid main(){int a,b,c,t;printf("请依次输入整数a,b,c:");scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);printf("\n你输入的值是: a=%d,b=%d,c=%d\n",a,b,c);t=b;b=a;a=c;c=t;printf("交换之后的值是:a=%d,b=%d,c=%d\n",a,b,c);}第四章一. 选择题4.1 A 4.2 A 4.3 A 4.4 D 4.5 C 4.6 A 4.7 B 4.8 C 4.9 D 4.10 C二. 填空题4.11 非0 04.12 < > >= <=同级== ！=同级4.13 ! && ||4.15 !4.16 a == b || a < c x > 4 || x < -44.17 14.18 x <= 0 1 > 04.19 3 2 24.20 *#三. 编程题4.21 略4.22/* 检查日期的合法性*/int checkdate(int year, int month, int day){if(year < 1900 || year > 2005){printf("输入的年份无效!\n");return 0;}else if(month < 0 && month > 12){printf("输入的月份无效!\n");return 0;}else if(day <= 0 && day > 31){printf("输入的日期无效!\n");return 0;}else{switch(month){case 4:case 6:case 9:case 11:if(day > 30){printf("输入的日期无效!\n");return 0;}break;case 2:if((year%4 == 0 && year%100 != 0) || year%400 == 0) {if(day > 29){printf("输入的日期无效!\n");return 0;}}elseif(day > 28){printf("输入的出生日期无效!\n"); return 0;}}break;}/* end of switch(m0)*/}return 1;}void main(){int y0, m0, d0; /* 生日*/int y1, m1, d1; /* 当前日期*/int years, months, days; /* 实足年龄*/printf("请输入学生的生日:");scanf("%d%d%d", &y0,&m0,&d0);if(checkdate(y0, m0, d0)){printf("请输入当前日期:");scanf("%d%d%d", &y1,&m1,&d1);/*当前日期合法性检查*/if(!checkdate(y1, m1, d1)){return;}else if(y0 > y1){printf("出生年份比当前年份晚!\n"); return;}else if(y0 == y1){if(m0 > m1){printf("出生年月比当前年月晚!\n"); return;}else if(m0 == m1)if(d0 > d1){printf("出生年月日比当前年月日晚!\n");return;}}}}/* 计算实足年龄*/years = y1 - y0;months = m1 - m0;days = d1 - d0;/* 修正实足年龄天数*/if(days < 0){months--;switch(m1){case 1:case 5:case 7:case 10:case 12:days += 30;break;case 2:case 4:case 6:case 8:case 9:case 11:days += 31;break;case 3:if((y1%4 == 0 && y1%100 != 0) || y1%400 == 0) {days += 29;}else{days += 28;break;}/* end of switch(m1) */}/* end of if(days < 0) *//* 修正实足年龄月数*/if(months < 0){months += 12;years--;}/* end of if(months < 0) */printf("出生日期: %d年%d月%d日\n", y0, m0, d0);printf("当前日期: %d年%d月%d日\n", y1, m1, d1);printf("实足年龄: %d年%d月%d日\n", years, months, days);return;}4.23#includevoid main(){int a;printf ("请输入一个整数:");scanf ("%d",&a);if (a%2==0){printf ("%d 是偶数\n", a);}else{printf ("%d 是奇数\n", a);}}4.24#includevoid main(){int a,b,c,temp,max;printf ("请输入三个整数:");scanf ("%d %d %d",&a,&b,&c);temp=(a>b)? a:b;max=(temp>c)? temp:c;printf ("\n");printf ("你输入的数中最大的是%d.\n",max); }4.25(1)不嵌套的if语句#includevoid main(){int x,y;printf("input x :");scanf("%d",&x);if ( x>-5 && x<0 ){printf("y is %d\n",y=x);}if ( x==0 ){printf("y is %d\n",y=x-1);}if ( x>0 && x<10 ){printf("y is %d\n",y=x+1);}if ( x>=10 || x<=-5){printf("error\n");}}(2)嵌套的if语句#includevoid main(){int x,y;printf("input x :");scanf("%d",&x);printf("\n");if(x < 0){if(x > -5){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x); }else{printf("error!\n");}}if(0 == x){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x-1); }if(x > 0){if(x < 10){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x+1); }else{printf("error!\n");}}}(3)if_else语句#includevoid main(){int x,y;printf("input x :");scanf("%d",&x);if( x>-5 && x<0 ){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x); }else if( x==0 ){printf("y is %d.\n",y=x-1); }else if( x>0 && x<10 ) {printf("y is %d.\n",y=x+1); }else{printf("error!\n");}}(4)switch语句#includevoid main(){int x,y;printf("input x : ");scanf("%d",&x);switch (x){case -4:case -3:case -2:case -1:printf("y is %d.\n",y=x); break;case 0:printf("y is %d.\n",y=x-1); break;case 1:case 2:case 3:case 4:case 5:case 6:case 7:case 8:case 9:printf("y is %d.\n",y=x+1); break;default:printf("error!\n");}}第五章一. 选择题5.1 D 5.2 C 5.3 B 5.4 C 5.5 C 5.6 B 5.7 D 5.8 A 5.9 D 5.10 D二. 填空题5.11 5 4 65.12 死循环5.13 -15.14 115.15 d=1.0 k++ k<=n5.16 x>=0 x三. 编程题5.17#includevoid main(){int i;int sig = 1;int sum = 0;for(i=1; i<=101; i++,i++){sum += sig*i;sig *= -1;}printf("sum=%d\n", sum);}5.18(1)#includevoid main(){int i;double m=1.0;double e = 1.0;for(i=1; i<50; i++){m *= i;e += 1/m;}printf("e=%f\n",e);}(2)#includevoid main(){int i=1;double m=1.0;double e = 1.0;while(1/m >= 0.0004){m *= i;e += 1/m;i++;}printf("e=%f\n",e);}5.19#includevoid main(){int year;int col = 0;for(year=1600; year<=2000; year++){if((year%4 == 0 && year%100 != 0) || year%400 == 0) {printf("%d\t", year);col++;if(col%5 == 0){printf("\n");}}}printf("\n");}5.20#include#define N 7void main(){int i;int j;int m;int k = N/2;for(i=0; i {m = i-k;if(m < 0){m *= -1;}for(j=0; j {printf(" ");}for(j=0; j<2*(k-m)+1; j++){printf("*");}printf("\n");}}第六章一. 选择题6.1 B 6.2 D 6.3 A 6.4 A 6.5 B 6.6 D 6.7 D 6.8 B 6.9 A 6.10 A 6.11 C二. 填空题6.12 -16.13 16.14 ctype.h6.15 16.16 10A 20B 30C 40D6.177.29 101.298AB6.18 A7.29B101.2986.19 A B C (每个字符后有三个空格)三. 编程题6.20#include#define N 80void main(){int iLoop = 0;gets(str);while(str[iLoop]){printf("%c-%d\t", str[iLoop],str[iLoop]); iLoop++;if(iLoop%3 == 0){printf("\n");}}printf("\n");}6.21#include#define N 80void main(){char str[N];int num = 0;int iLoop = 0;gets(str);while(str[iLoop]){if(str[iLoop] >= '0' && str[iLoop] <= '9') {num = 10*num + (str[iLoop] - '0');}iLoop++;}printf("%d\n",num);}6.22#include#include#define N 80void main(){char str[N];do{gets(str);num++;}while(strcmp(str, "EOF"));printf("您输入了%d行字符！\n",num);}6.23#include#define N 80void main(){char str[N];int iLoop = 0;int num = 0;gets(str);while(str[iLoop] && iLoop < N){if(str[iLoop] >= 'a' && str[iLoop] <= 'z'){num++;}iLoop++;}printf("您输入了字符中有%d个小写字母！\n",num); }6.24#includevoid main(){int line;int iLoop1;int iLoop2;printf("请输入图案的行数(不大于26):");scanf("%d", &line);for(iLoop1 = 0; iLoop1 < line; iLoop1++){for(iLoop2 = 0; iLoop2 < line - iLoop1; iLoop2++){printf(" ");}for(iLoop2 = 0; iLoop2 < 2*iLoop1+1; iLoop2++) {printf("%c",iLoop1 + 'A');}printf("\n");}}第七章一. 选择题7.1 C 7.2 C 7.3 B 7.4 C 7.5 A 7.6 D 7.7 A二. 填空题7.8 127.9 9.7.10 47.11 n=1 s7.12 <=y z*x7.13 1 s*i 0 f(k)三. 程序调试和编程题7.14fun(int n){ int k,yes;for(k=2; k<=n/2; k++){if(n%k == 0) { yes = 0; break;}else yes = 1;}return yes;}7.15int mymod(int a, int b){return a%b;}7.16double fun(int n){double sum = 0;int iLoop;int sig = -1;for(iLoop=1; iLoop<=n; iLoop++){sig *= -1;sum += sig*1.0/iLoop;}return sum;}7.17double fun(int n){double t = 1.0;int iLoop;long tmp;for(iLoop=2; iLoop<=n; iLoop++){tmp = iLoop*iLoop;t -= 1.0/tmp;}return t;}7.18#include#includedouble fun(double x){return x*x + 5*x + 4;}void main(){int x = 2;printf("y1=%f\n", fun(x));printf("y2=%f\n", fun(x+15));printf("y3=%f\n", fun(sin(x)));}第八章一. 选择题8.1 A 8.2 B 8.3 B 8.4 C 8.5 B 8.6 B 8.7 C 8.8 D 8.9 B 8.10 C 8.11 C 8.12 C8.13 1108.14 7 18.15 (1)char *p=&ch; (2) p=&ch; (3)scanf("%c",p); (4)*p='A'; (5)printf("%c",*p);8.16 (1)s=p+3; (2)s=s-2 (3)50 (4)*(s+1) (5)2 (6)10 20 30 40 50三. 编程题8.17void fun(double x, double y, double *sum, double *div){*sum = x + y;*div = x - y;return;}8.18void fun(double x, double y, double z, double *max, double *min){*max = x;*min = x;if(*max < y){*max = y;}if(*max < z){*max = z;}if(*min > y){*min = y;}if(*min > z){*min = z;}return;}第九章一. 选择题9.1 D 9.2 A 9.3 A 9.4 C 9.5 C 9.6 A 9.7 B 9.8 D 9.9 C 9.10 C9.11 C 9.12 D 9.13 D 9.14 A 9.15 A 9.16 A 9.17 C 9.18 C二. 填空题9.20 69.21 129.22 39.23 27219.24 -850,2,09.25 k=p k9.26 (c=getchar()) c-'A'三. 编程题9.27#include#define N 81int main(){int counter[10] = {0};int iLoop = 0;char str[N];gets(str);while(str[iLoop]){if(str[iLoop] >= '0' && str[iLoop] <= '9') {counter[str[iLoop] - '0']++;}iLoop++;}for(iLoop=0; iLoop < 10; iLoop++){printf("%d - %d\n", iLoop, counter[iLoop]); }return 0;}9.28void fun(int array[], int arraysize, int start) {int iLoop;if(start < arraysize-1){if(start <=0){start = 1;}for(iLoop = start; iLoop < arraysize; iLoop++){array[iLoop-1] = array[iLoop];}}for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < arraysize; iLoop++){printf("No.%d = %d\n", iLoop, array[iLoop]);}}9.29int fun(int arry1[], int arry2[], int arrysize){int iLoop;int counter = 0;for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < arrysize; iLoop++){if(arry1[iLoop] % 2){arry2[counter++] = arry1[iLoop];}}return counter;}9.30void fun(char array[], int arraysize){int iLoop1;int iLoop2;char temp;/* 冒泡排序*/for(iLoop1 = 0; iLoop1 < arraysize - 1; iLoop1++){for(iLoop2 = 0; iLoop2 < arraysize - 1 - iLoop1; iLoop2++) {if(array[iLoop2] < array[iLoop2 + 1]){temp = array[iLoop2];array[iLoop2] = array[iLoop2 + 1];array[iLoop2 + 1] = temp;}}}}#includevoid fun(int array[], int arraysize, int inertNumber) {int iLoop;int iLoop2;if(array[0] < array[arraysize-1]){for(iLoop = 0; iLoop< arraysize; iLoop++){if(array[iLoop] > inertNumber){for(iLoop2 = arraysize - 1; iLoop2 >= iLoop; iLoop2--) {array[iLoop2 + 1] = array[iLoop2];}array[iLoop] = inertNumber;break;}}if(iLoop >= arraysize){array[arraysize] = inertNumber;}}else{for(iLoop = 0; iLoop< arraysize; iLoop++){if(array[iLoop] < inertNumber){for(iLoop2 = arraysize - 1; iLoop2 >= iLoop; iLoop2--) {array[iLoop2 + 1] = array[iLoop2];}array[iLoop] = inertNumber;break;}}if(iLoop >= arraysize){array[arraysize] = inertNumber;}}int main(){int iLoop;int a[20] = {7,6,5,3,2,1};for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 6; iLoop++) {printf("%d ", a[iLoop]);}printf("\n");fun(a, 6, 0);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 7; iLoop++) {printf("%d ", a[iLoop]);}printf("\n");fun(a, 7, 4);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 8; iLoop++) {printf("%d ", a[iLoop]);}printf("\n");fun(a, 8, 8);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 9; iLoop++) {printf("%d ", a[iLoop]);}printf("\n");return 0;}9.32int fun(int number, int array[]) {int iLoop = 0;int iLoop2;int binLen;int midNumber;int div;int remain;midNumber = number;dodiv = midNumber/2;remain = midNumber%2;midNumber = div;array[iLoop++] = remain;}while(midNumber);binLen = iLoop;for(iLoop2 = 0, iLoop = binLen - 1; iLoop2 < iLoop; iLoop2++, iLoop--) {midNumber = array[iLoop2];array[iLoop2] = array[iLoop];array[iLoop] = midNumber;}return binLen;}9.33#include#include#define N 15void fun(int array[], int arraysize){int x;int iLoop;int iLoop2;for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < arraysize; iLoop++){iLoop2 = 0;x = rand()%20;do{if(x == array[iLoop2] && iLoop > 0){x = rand()%20;iLoop2 = 0;}iLoop2++;}while(iLoop2 < iLoop);array[iLoop] = x;}}int main(){int a[N];int iLoop;fun(a, N);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++){printf("%d\n", a[iLoop]);}return 0;}第十章一. 选择题10.1 C 10.2 B 10.3 C 10.4 B 10.5 C 10.6 A 10.7 C 10.8 A 10.9 C 10.10 C二. 填空题10.11 GFEDCB10.12 XYZ10.13 SO10.14 1010.15 Itis10.16 strlen(str)-1 j--10.17 310.18 goodgood！三. 编程题10.19char* mygets(char *str){int iLoop = 0;char ch;while((ch=getchar()) != '\n'){str[iLoop++] = ch;}str[iLoop] = '\0';return str;}char * myputs(char *str)int iLoop = 0;while(str[iLoop]){putchar(str[iLoop++]);}putchar('\n');return str;}10.20#include#includeint fun(char *str){int len;int iLoop1;int iLoop2;int result = 1;len = strlen(str);for(iLoop1 = 0, iLoop2 = len - 1; iLoop1 < iLoop2; iLoop1++, iLoop2--) {if(str[iLoop1] != str[iLoop2]){result = 0;break;}}return result;}int main(){char a[20] = "ABCDCBA";char b[20] = "ABCDEBA";printf("%d\n", fun(a));printf("%d\n", fun(b));return 0;}10.21char fun(char *str, int pos){int len;int iLoop;char ch;len = strlen(str);if(pos > len){return NULL;}ch = str[pos];for(iLoop = pos; iLoop < len - 1; iLoop++) {str[iLoop] = str[iLoop + 1];}str[len-1] = '\0';return ch;}第十一章一. 选择题11.1 D 11.2 B 11.3 A 11.4 C二. 填空题11.5 IJKLEFGHABCD11.6 711.7 811.8 *(s+j) i+1 i11.9 1711.10 (*fun)() (*fun)(a+i*h)/h mypoly三. 编程题11.11#include#include#define N 81int main(int argc, char **argv){char sig;int dig;int pos;char str[N] = {'\0'};char outStr[N] = {'\0'};if(argc < 2){sig = '-';dig = 10;}else{sig = argv[1][0];dig = argv[1][1] - '0';}printf("请输入一个字符串："); gets(str);if(sig == '-'){pos = strlen(str) - dig;if(pos <= 0){pos = 0;}strcpy(outStr, str + pos);}else if(sig == '+'){strcpy(outStr, str);pos = strlen(outStr);if(pos > dig){pos = dig;}outStr[pos] = '\0';}printf("处理后的字串为："); printf("%s\n", outStr);return 0;}11.12#include#includevoid movebin(char *bin){int len;int iLoop;len = strlen(bin);for(iLoop = len; iLoop > 0; iLoop--) {bin[iLoop] = bin[iLoop - 1];}return;}void fun(int n, char *bin){int pos;pos = strlen(bin);if(n == 0){return;}if(n == 1){movebin(bin);bin[0] = '1';return;}movebin(bin);bin[0] = (n%2) + '0';n /= 2;fun(n, bin);return;}int main(){int a = 4;char bin[50] = {""};fun(a, bin);printf("%s\n", bin);return 0;}11.13long fun(int n){if(n == 1){return n;}else{return fun(n-1) + n;}}int main(){int num;int sum;printf("请输入一个自然数："); scanf("%d", &num);sum = fun(num);printf("结果是：%d\n", sum);return 0;}11.14#includeint fun(int n){if(n == 0 || n == 1){return 1;}else{return fun(n-1) + fun(n-2); }}int main(){int result;printf("请输入一个自然数：");scanf("%d", &num);result = fun(num);printf("斐波拉契级数为：%d\n", result);return 0;}第十二章一. 选择题12.1 B 12.2 B 12.3 A 12.4 C 12.5 D 12.6 B 12.7 A 12.8 A二. 填空题12.9 2,5,1,2,3,-212.10 2468第十三章一. 选择题13.1 A 13.2 C 13.3 B 13.4 C 13.5 D 13.6 D 13.7 D二. 填空题13.8 ar=9 ar=9 ar=1113.9 int* s *b三. 编程题13.10#define MYALPHA(C) ((C>='A' && C<='Z') || (C>='a' && C<='z')) ? 1 : 0 13.11#define SWAP(t,x,y) {t tmp; tmp=x; x=y; y=tmp;}13.12#include#includeint main(){int *p;int tmp;int iLoop;int iLoop2;p = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int)*3);scanf("%d%d%d", p,p+1,p+2);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < 2; iLoop++){for(iLoop2 = 0; iLoop2 < 2 - iLoop; iLoop2++){if(*(p + iLoop2) > *(p + iLoop2 + 1)){tmp = *(p + iLoop2);*(p + iLoop2) = *(p + iLoop2 + 1);*(p + iLoop2 + 1) = tmp;}}}printf("%d %d %d\n", *p, *(p+1), *(p+2));free(p);p = NULL;return 0;}第十四章一. 选择题14.1 D 14.2 D 14.3 D 14.4 A 14.5 C 14.6 C 14.7 C 14.8 B二. 填空题14.9 struct link *next14.10 p->next m>p->data14.11 (struct list*) struct list struct list* struct list return h三. 编程题14.12#include#define N 3struct stud{char num[5], name[10];int s[4];double ave;};void readrec(struct stud array[], int size)int iLoop;for(iLoop=0; iLoop {scanf("%s%s%d%d%d%d", array[iLoop].num, array[iLoop].name, &array[iLoop].s[0], &array[iLoop].s[1],&array[iLoop].s[2], &array[iLoop].s[3]);array[iLoop].ave = (array[iLoop].s[0] + array[iLoop].s[1] +array[iLoop].s[2] + array[iLoop].s[3])/4.0;}return;}void writerec(struct stud array[], int size){int iLoop;for(iLoop=0; iLoop{printf("%s\t%s\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%f\n",array[iLoop].num,array[iLoop].name,array[iLoop].s[0],array[iLoop].s[1],array[iLoop].s[2],array[iLoop].s[3],array[iLoop].ave);}return;}int main(){struct stud stu[N];readrec(stu, N);writerec(stu, N);return 0;}14.13#include#include#define N 100struct node{int data;struct node* next;int seekMaxValue(struct node *pNode){int max;struct node* pMove;pMove = pNode;max = pMove->data;pMove = pMove->next;while(pMove){if(max < pMove->data){max = pMove->data;}pMove = pMove->next;}return max;}struct node* seekMaxValueAddress(struct node *pNode) {int max;struct node* maxAddress;struct node* pMove;pMove = pNode;max = pMove->data;maxAddress = pMove;pMove = pMove->next;while(pMove){if(max < pMove->data){max = pMove->data;maxAddress = pMove;}pMove = pMove->next;}return maxAddress;}int main()struct node* head;struct node* pNode;int iLoop;head = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); pNode = head;pNode->next = NULL;for(iLoop=0; iLoop {pNode->next = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); pNode = pNode->next;pNode->next = NULL;pNode->data = iLoop;}printf("%d\n", seekMaxValue(head->next));printf("%d\n", seekMaxValueAddress(head->next));return 0;}第十五章一. 选择题15.1 D 15.2 A 15.3 B 15.4 A二. 填空题15.515.6 a^a15.7 a|0xffff15.8 x|0xff0015.9 a=(>>2)15.10 ch|0x20第十六章一. 选择题16.1 B 16.2 C二. 填空题16.3 3 !feof(f1) f2 fclose(f1) fclose(f2)16.4 fopen(fname,"w") ch16.5 "r" !feof(fp) fgetc(fp)16.6 CCCCBBBBAAAA三. 编程题16.7#include#define N 10#define LEN 81int main(){char *str[N] = {"AAAAAAAAA", "BBBBBBBBB", "CCCCCCCCC", "DDDDDDDDD", "EEEEEEEEE", "FFFFFFFFF", "GGGGGGGGG", "HHHHHHHHH","IIIIIIIII","JJJJJJJJJ"};char str2[N][LEN];FILE *fp;int iLoop;fp = fopen("str.txt", "w");if(fp == NULL){printf("创建文件失败！\n"); return 1;}else{for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++) {fputs(str[iLoop], fp);fputs("\n",fp);}}fclose(fp);fp = fopen("str.txt", "r");if(fp == NULL){printf("打开文件失败！\n"); return 1;}else{for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++) {fgets(str2[iLoop], LEN - 1, fp);}}fclose(fp);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++) {printf("%s", str2[iLoop]);}return 0;}16.8#include#define N 10int main(){float num;int iLoop;FILE *fp;fp = fopen("num.bin", "wb+");if(fp == NULL){printf("创建文件失败！\n"); return 1;}/* 从键盘读入10个数并写文件*/ printf("请输入%d个数：", N);for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++) {scanf("%f", &num);fwrite(&num, sizeof(num), 1, fp); }/* 文件指针回到开始处*/ rewind(fp);/* 从文件读出10个数并显示*/ for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++) {fread(&num, sizeof(num), 1, fp); printf("%f\n", num);}/* 移文件指针到第四个数开始处*/ fseek(fp, 3L*sizeof(num), SEEK_SET); /* 读入一个新数据*/printf("请输入一个新数据：");scanf("%f", &num);fwrite(&num, sizeof(num), 1, fp);/* 文件指针回到开始处*/rewind(fp);/* 从文件读出10个数并显示*/for(iLoop = 0; iLoop < N; iLoop++) {fread(&num, sizeof(num), 1, fp); printf("%f\n", num);}/* 关闭文件*/fclose(fp);return 0;}。
全国计算机二级c语言课后练习及参考答案试卷1
一单项选择题1.逻辑运算符两侧运算对象的数据类型是〔D 〕。
A〕只能是0或1B〕只能是0或非0正数C〕只能是整型或字符型数据D〕可以是任何类型的数据2.x＝43，ch＝'A'，y＝0；那么表达式〔x>＝y&&ch<'B'&&！y〕的值是〔C 〕。
A〕0B〕语法错C〕1D〕“假〞3. int x＝10，y＝20，z＝30；以下语句执行后x，y，z的值是〔B 〕。
y〕z＝x；x＝y；y＝z；A〕x＝10，y＝20，z＝30B〕x＝20，y＝30，z＝30C〕x＝20，y＝30，z＝10D〕x＝20，y＝30，z＝204.执行以下语句后a的值为〔 C 〕，b的值为〔〕。
int a，b，c；a＝b＝c＝1；＋＋a|| ＋＋b && ＋＋c；A〕错误 1B〕 2 2C〕2 1D〕 1 1当A的值为奇数时，表达式的值为“真〞，A的值为偶数时，表达式的值为“假〞，那么以下不能满足要求的表达式是〔C 〕。
A〕A%2＝＝1B〕！〔A%2＝＝0〕C〕！〔A%2〕D〕A%26.设有：int a＝1，b＝2，c＝3，d＝4，m＝2，n＝2；执行〔m＝a>D〕后n的值是〔B 〕。
A〕0B〕 2C〕3D〕 4断char型变量cl是否为小写字母的正确表达式是〔 D 〕。
A〕‘a’<＝cl<＝‘z’＝a〕&&〔cl<＝z〕C〕〔‘a’>＝cl〕||〔‘z’<＝cl〕＝‘a’〕&&〔cl<＝‘z’〕语句形式是〔C 〕。
y&&x！＝y〕；B〕if〔x＝＝y〕x＋＝y；C〕if〔x！＝y〕scanf〔“%d〞，&x〕else scanf〔“%d〞，&y〕D〕if〔x<y〕{x＋＋；y＋＋；}9.请阅读以下程序：main〔〕{int a＝5，b＝0，c＝0；if〔a＝b＋C〕printf〔“***\n〞〕；else printf〔“$$$\n〞〕；}以上程序〔D 〕。
《全国计算机等级考试二级教程——C语言程序设计》课后习题详解[1]
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《全国计算机等级考试二级教程——C语言程序设计》习题分析与解答第一章程序设计基本概念习题分析与解答1．1 【参考答案】.EXE1．2 【参考答案】［1］.C ［2］.OBJ ［3］.EXE1．3 【参考答案】［1］顺序结构［2］选择结构［3］循环结构第二章C程序设计的初步知识习题分析与解答一、选择题2．1 【参考答案】B)2．2 【参考答案】D)2．3 【参考答案】B)2．4 【参考答案】A)2．5 【参考答案】C)2．6 【参考答案】A)2．7 【参考答案】B)2．8 【参考答案】B)2．9 【参考答案】D)2．10 【参考答案】C)2．11 【参考答案】B)2．12 【参考答案】B)2．13 【参考答案】A)二、填空题2．14 【参考答案】［1］11 ［2］122．15 【参考答案】［1］4.2 ［2］4.22．16 【参考答案】［1］{ ［2］} ［3］定义［4］执行2．17 【参考答案】［1］关键字［2］用户标识符2．18 【参考答案】［1］int ［2］float ［3］double2．19 【参考答案】float a1=1.0, a2=1.0；或float a1=1, a2=1;(系统将自动把1转换为1.0)2．20 【参考答案】存储单元2．21 【参考答案】 3.52．22 【参考答案】［1］a*b/c ［2］a/c*b ［3］b/c*a2．23 【参考答案】把10赋给变量s2．24 【参考答案】［1］位［2］1位二进制数据(0或1)2．25 【参考答案】［1］8 ［2］127 ［3］01111111 ［4］-128 [ 5 ] 10000000 2．26 【参考答案】［1］32767 ［2］-32768 ［3］100002．27 【参考答案】［1］十［2］八［3］十六三、上机改错题2．28 【分析与解答】第1行的错误：(1) include是一个程序行，因此在此行的最后不应当有分号(;)。
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《全国计算机等级考试二级教程——C语言程序设计》课后题及参考答案（教育部考试中心）高等教育出版社出版（第一章、第二章、第三章）第一章程序设计基本概念1.1 在TRUBO C环境中用RUN命令运行一个C程序时，所运行的程序的后缀是______。
答案：.exe1.2 C语言源程序文件的后缀是_____，经过编译后，生成文件的后缀是_____，经过连接后，生成文件的后缀是_____。
答案：.c .obj .exe1.3 结构化程序由_____、_____、_____三种基本结构组成。
答案：顺序、选择、循环第二章 C程序设计的初步知识一、选择题2.1 以下选项中正确的整型常量是A)12. B)-20 C)1，000 D)4 5 6答案：B2.2 以下选项中正确的实型常量是A)0 B)3. 1415 C)0.329×10(2)（10的2次方）D).871答案：D2.3 以下选项中不正确的实型常量是A)2.607E-1 B)0.8103e 2 C)-77.77 D)456e-2答案：B2.4 以下选项中不合法的用户标识符是A)abc.c B)file C)Main D)PRINTF答案：A2.5 以下选项中不合法的用户标识符是A)_123 B)printf C)A$ D)Dim答案：C2.6 C语言中运算对象必需是整型的运算符是A)% B)/ C)! D)**答案：A2.7 可在C程序中用作用户标识符的一组标识符是A)void define WORDB)as_b3 _123 IfC)For -abc caseD)2c DO SIG答案：B2.8 若变量已正确定义并赋值，符合C语言语法的表达式是A)a=a+7; B)a=7+b+c,a++ C)int(12.3%4) D)a=a+7=c+b答案：B2.9 以下叙述中正确的是A)a是实型变量，C允许进行以下赋值a=10，因此可以这样说：实型变量中允许存放整型值。
B)在赋值表达式中，赋值号右边既可以是变量也可以是任意表达式。
C)执行表达式a=b后，在内存中a和b存储单元中的原有值都将被改变，a的值已由原值改变为b的值，b的值由原值变为0。
D)已有a=3,b=5。
当执行了表达式a=b,b=a之后，已使a中的值为5，b中的值为3。
答案：B2.10 以下叙述中正确的是A)在C程序中无论是整数还是实数，只要在允许的范围内都能准确无误的表示。
B)C程序由主函数组成。
C)C程序由函数组成。
D)C程序由函数和过程组成。
答案：C2.11 TURBO C中int类型变量所占字节数是A)1 B)2 C)3 D)4答案：B2.12 不合法的八进制数是A)0 B)028 C)077 D)01答案：B2.13 不合法的十六进制数是A)oxff B)0Xabc C)0x11 D)0x19答案：A二、填空题2.14 若k为int整型变量且赋值11。
请写出运算k++后表达式的值A)_____和变量的值B)_____。
答案：11、122.15 若x为double型变量，请写出运算x=3.2，++x后表达式的值A)_____和变量的值B)_____。
答案：4.2、4.22.16 函数体由符号____开始，用符号____结束。
函数体的前面是____部分，其后是____部分。
答案：{、}、定义、执行2.17 C语言中的标识符可分为____、____、和预定义标识符三类。
答案：关键字、用户标识符2.18 在C语言程序中，用关键字____定义基本整型量，用关键字____定义单精度实型变量，用关键字___定义双精度实型变量。
答案：int、float、double2.19 把a1、a2定义成单精度实型变量，并赋初值1的定义语句是____。
答案：float a1=1.0，a2=1.0；2.20 C程序中定义的变量，代表内存中的一个____。
答案：存储单元2.21 表达式3.5+1/2的计算结果是____。
答案：3.52.22 对以下数学式，写出三个等价的C语言表达式____、____、____。
a×b——c答案：a*b/c、a/c*b、b/c*a2.23 表达式s=10应当读做“____”。
答案：将10赋给变量s2.24 计算机中内存储器的最小存储单位称____，其中能容纳的数是____。
答案：位、0或12.25 通常一个字节包含____个二进制位。
在一个字节中能存放的最大（十进制）整数是____，它的二进制数的形式是____；最小（十进制）整数是____，它的二进制数的形式是____。
答案：8、255、1111 1111、-128、1000 00002.26 当计算机用两个字节存放一个整数时，其中能存放的最大（十进制）整数是____、最小（十进制）整数是____，它的二进制数的形式是____。
答案：65535、-32768、1000 0000 0000 00002.27 在C语言中整数可用____进制数、____进制数和____进制数三种数制表示。
答案：十、八、十六第三章、顺序结构一、选择题3.1 若a、b、c、d都是int类型变量且初值为0，以下选项中不正确的赋值语句是A) a=b=c=100; B) d++; C) c+b; D) d=(c=22)-(b++);答案：C3.2 以下选项中不是C语句的是A) {int i; i++; printf("%d\\n", i); }B) ; C) a=5,c=10 D) { ; }答案：C3.3 以下合法的C语言赋值语句是A) A=B=58 B) k=int(a+b); C) a=58,b=58 D) --i;答案：D3.4 以下程序的输出结果是A) 0 B) 1 C) 3 D)不确定的值main(){int x=10,y=3;printf("%d\\n", y=x/y);}答案：C3.5 若变量已正确说明为int类型，要给a、b、c输入数据，以下不正确的输入语句是A) read(a,b,c); B) scanf("%d%d%d",a,b,c);C) scanf("%D%D%D",&a,&b,&c); D) scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);答案：D3.6 若变量已正确说明为float类型，要通过以下赋值语句给a赋予10、b赋予22、c赋予33，以下不正确的输入形式是A) 10<CR> 22<CR> 33<CR> B) 10.0,22.0,33.0 C) 10.0<CR> 22.0 33.0 D) 10 22<CR> 33scanf("%f %f %f", &a, &b, &c);答案：B3.7 若变量以正确定义，要将a和b中的数进行交换，下面不正确的语句组是A) a=a+b,b=a-b,a=a-b; B) t=a,a=b,b=t;C) a=t; t=b; b=a; D) t=b; b=a; a=t;答案：C3.8 若变量已正确定义，以下程序段的输出结果是A) 输出格式说明与输出项不匹配，输出无定值B) 5.17000 C) 5.168000 D) 5.169000x=5.16894;printf("%f\\n",(int)(x*1000+0.5)/(float)1000);答案：D3.9 若有以下程序段，c3中的值是A) 0 B) 1/2 C) 0.5 D) 1int c1=1,c2=2,c3;c3=c1/c2;答案：A3.10 若有以下程序段，其输出结果是A) 0,0,-10 B) 0,0,5 C) -10,3,-10 D) 3,3,-10int a=0,b=0,c=0;c=(a-=a-5),(a=b,b+3);printf("%d,%d,%d\\n",a,b,c);答案：B3.11 当运行以下程序时，在键盘上从第一列开始输入9876543210<CR>（此处<CR>代表Enter），则程序的输出结果是A) a=98,b=765,c=4321 B) a=10,b=432,c=8765C) a=98,b=765.000000,c=4321.000000 D) a=98,b=765,c=4321.0main(){int a; float b,c;scanf("%2d%3f%4f",&a,&b,&c);printf("\\na=%d,b=%f,c=%f\\n",a,b,c);}答案：C3.12 以下程序的输出结果是A) a=%2,b=%5 B) a=2,b=5 C) a=%%d,b=%%d D) a=%d,b=%dmain(){ int a=2,b=5;printf("a=%%d,b=%%d\\n",a,b);}答案：D3.13 若int类型占两个字节，则以下程序段的输出是A) -1,-1 B) -1,32767 C) -1,32768 D) -1,65535int a=-1;printf("%d,%u\\n",a,a);答案：D3.14 以下程序段的输出是A) *496 * B) * 496* C) *000496* D)输出格式符不合法int x=496;printf("*%-06d*\\n",x);答案：A3.15 以下程序段的输出是A) |3.1415| B) | 3.0| C) | 3| D) | 3.|float a=3.1415;printf("|%6.0f|\\n",a);答案：C3.16 以下程序段的输出是A) |2345.67800| B) |12345.6780| C) |12345.67800| D) |12345.678|printf("|%10.5f|\\n",12345.678);答案：C3.17 以下程序段的输出是A) *0000057.66* B) * 57.66* C) *0000057.67* D) * 57.67*float a=57.666;printf("*%010.2f*\\n",a);答案：C3.18 若从终端输入以下数据，要给变量C赋以283.19，则正确的输入语句是A) scanf("%f",c); B) scanf("%8.4f",&c);C) scanf("%6.2f",&c); D) scanf("%8",&c);283.1900<CR> <CR>表示Enter键答案：由于印刷错误，本题没有正确答案。