怎样写食品科技论文英文摘要
科技运用在食品的英语作文
科技运用在食品的英语作文In today's world, the application of technology in various fields has become increasingly prominent, and the food industry is no exception. The integration of technology in food production, processing, and distribution has revolutionized the way we consume and appreciate food. This essay aims to delve into the multiple dimensions of technology's impact on food, analyzing it from various perspectives and highlighting its contribution to high-quality and high-standard food products.Firstly, technology has significantly improved the efficiency and precision of food production. Modern agricultural techniques, such as precision farming and hydroponics, enable farmers to monitor and control various factors like soil conditions, water supply, and nutrient levels, resulting in optimized crop yields and improved quality. Additionally, the use of robots and automation in food processing has reduced human errors, increased throughput, and maintained consistent quality standards. For instance, automated packaging systems ensure that food products are packaged accurately and hygienically, minimizing the risk of contamination.Moreover, technology has enhanced food safety and traceability. The implementation of blockchain technology in food supply chains has revolutionized the way food is tracked and traced. Blockchain provides a secure and transparent ledger system that records every step of the food's journey from farm to table. This not only ensures the authenticity and integrity of food products but also allows for quick identification and resolution of any potential issues or contaminations. Additionally, advanced testing techniques, such as DNA sequencing and mass spectrometry, enable food safety inspectors to detect harmful bacteria, toxins, and allergens with unprecedented accuracy and speed.Furthermore, technology has also facilitated the creation of innovative andpersonalized food products. With the advent of 3D printing and nanotechnology, chefs and food scientists are now able to create intricate and customized food designs. These technologies enable the precise deposition of ingredients, allowing for the creation of complex flavors, textures, and shapes. Additionally, personalized nutrition plans and diets can be developed based on individual needs and preferences, utilizing technology to analyze nutritional content and recommend appropriate food combinations.However, the integration of technology in food also raises concerns regarding potential health risks and ethical implications. The use of genetic modification and synthetic biology in food production, for instance, has sparked debates over the safety and long-term effects of these technologies on human health and the environment. Therefore, it is crucial to establish rigorous regulatory frameworks and conduct thorough safety assessments to ensure that technology-based food products meet high-quality and high-standard requirements.In conclusion, the integration of technology in food represents a significant advancement in food production, safety, and innovation. It has improved efficiency, precision, and traceability, while also enabling the creation of personalized and innovative food products. However, it is essential to address the associated health and ethical concerns through robust regulations and safety assessments. As technology continues to evolve, we can expect further advancements in the food industry, leading to even higher quality and standards for our food products.To fully embrace the potential of technology in food, it is necessary to foster a collaborative approach between various stakeholders, including farmers, food processors, retailers, consumers, and regulatory bodies. Farmers can leverage technology to improve crop yields and quality, while food processors can utilize automation and robotics to enhance production efficiency and safety. Retailers can harness technology to provide consumers with more transparent and convenient shopping experiences. Consumers, on the other hand, can benefit frompersonalized nutrition plans and innovative food products tailored to their needs. Regulatory bodies play a crucial role in ensuring that technology-based food products adhere to strict safety and quality standards.Moreover, continued research and development are essential to explore new technologies and their applications in the food industry. For instance, the development of smart sensors and analytics tools can further enhance food safety and traceability by providing real-time monitoring and prediction of potential issues. Additionally, the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning can aid in optimizing food production processes, predicting consumer trends, and developing novel food products.In summary, the integration of technology in food offers tremendous opportunities for improving quality, efficiency, and innovation. However, it is crucial to address the associated challenges and concerns through collaboration, research, and robust regulatory frameworks. By harnessing the power of technology, we can create a safer, more sustainable, and personalized food system that meets the demands of a changing world.。
食品英文作文技巧
食品英文作文技巧英文：When it comes to writing an essay about food, there are a few key techniques to keep in mind. First and foremost,it's important to have a clear thesis statement that outlines the main point you want to make about food. This could be anything from the benefits of a vegetarian diet to the cultural significance of certain foods in different parts of the world.Once you have your thesis statement, it's important to provide specific examples to support your argument. For example, if you're arguing that a vegetarian diet is healthier than a meat-based diet, you might provide statistics about the health benefits of eating more fruits and vegetables, as well as personal anecdotes from people who have made the switch to a vegetarian lifestyle.Another important aspect of writing about food is touse descriptive language that helps readers visualize the dishes you're discussing. This could include details about the texture, flavor, and appearance of the food, as well as any cultural or historical context that adds meaning to the dish.Finally, it's important to consider the audience for your essay. Are you writing for a general audience, or fora specific group of people who are interested in aparticular type of cuisine? Depending on your audience, you may need to adjust your language and tone to make youressay more accessible and engaging.中文：写关于食品的文章时，有一些关键技巧需要记住。
高科技对食物带来的影响英语作文
高科技对食物带来的影响英语作文High-Tech Advancements and their Impact on FoodThe rapid advancements in technology have had a profound impact on various aspects of our lives, and the food industry is no exception. From the way we produce, process, and distribute food to the way we consume it, the influence of high-tech innovations is undeniable. In this essay, we will explore the multifaceted ways in which high-tech advancements have transformed the food landscape.One of the most significant ways in which technology has impacted the food industry is through precision farming. The advent of precision agriculture has revolutionized the way crops are grown and managed. Precision farming utilizes GPS technology, sensors, and data analytics to provide farmers with detailed information about their fields, enabling them to optimize the use of resources such as water, fertilizers, and pesticides. This not only leads to increased crop yields but also reduces the environmental impact of agricultural practices. Additionally, the use of drones and robotic systems in farming has streamlined tasks such as crop monitoring, spraying, and harvesting, making the entire process more efficient and cost-effective.Another area where high-tech advancements have had a significant impact is in food processing and preservation. The development of advanced food processing techniques, such as high-pressure processing, pulsed electric field processing, and microwave processing, has allowed for the creation of safer, more nutritious, and longer-lasting food products. These technologies can effectively eliminate harmful bacteria and pathogens while preserving the natural flavor and nutritional content of the food. Furthermore, the use of advanced packaging materials and intelligent packaging systems has extended the shelf life of food, reducing waste and ensuring food safety.The impact of high-tech advancements on the food supply chain is equally remarkable. The integration of blockchain technology, Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing has transformed the way food is tracked, traced, and distributed. These technologies enable real-time monitoring of food shipments, allowing for the early detection of potential issues and the implementation of corrective measures. This increased transparency and traceability in the supply chain have enhanced food safety, reduced waste, and improved the overall efficiency of the food distribution network.The rise of e-commerce and online food delivery platforms has also been a significant outcome of high-tech advancements in the foodindustry. Consumers can now access a wide range of food products and restaurant meals with just a few clicks, and the integration of AI-powered recommendation systems and personalized offerings has further enhanced the customer experience. Moreover, the use of advanced logistics and delivery optimization algorithms has enabled faster and more reliable food delivery, catering to the growing demand for convenience and immediacy.The impact of high-tech advancements on food consumption and dietary habits is equally noteworthy. The proliferation of mobile apps and wearable devices has made it easier for consumers to track their dietary intake, monitor their nutritional needs, and make informed choices about the food they consume. Additionally, the rise of smart kitchen appliances, such as connected ovens, refrigerators, and food processors, has enabled greater automation and personalization in meal preparation, making it more convenient for individuals to maintain a healthy and balanced diet.Furthermore, the integration of high-tech solutions in the food industry has also fostered the development of innovative food products and alternative protein sources. From 3D-printed food and lab-grown meat to plant-based and insect-based proteins, these novel food technologies have the potential to address the growing global demand for food while reducing the environmental impact of traditional food production methods.However, the widespread adoption of high-tech advancements in the food industry has also raised concerns and challenges. Issues such as data privacy, cybersecurity, and the potential displacement of traditional food production methods have sparked debates and discussions among stakeholders. It is crucial that the implementation of these technologies be accompanied by robust regulatory frameworks and ethical considerations to ensure the long-term sustainability and inclusivity of the food system.In conclusion, the impact of high-tech advancements on the food industry is multifaceted and far-reaching. From precision farming and advanced food processing to e-commerce and smart kitchen appliances, these innovations have transformed the way we produce, distribute, and consume food. While the benefits of these advancements are undeniable, it is essential to address the potential challenges and ensure that the implementation of high-tech solutions in the food industry is guided by principles of sustainability, inclusivity, and ethical considerations. As we continue to navigate the rapidly evolving landscape of food and technology, it is crucial that we remain vigilant and adaptable, embracing the opportunities presented by high-tech advancements while mitigating their potential risks.。
食品科技论文英文摘要的写作原则与技巧
食品科技论文英文摘要的写作原则与技巧How to write the abstract for food scientific paper马建华李东霞MA Jian-hua LI Dong-xia（长春师范学院,吉林长春130032）(Changchun Normal University,Changchun,Jilin130032,China)摘要：讨论了食品科技论文英文摘要（含题名、关键词）的写作技巧。
对英文题名的结构和字数要求以及英文摘要的时态和语态进行了分析，对容易出错的冠词、介词、数词、单复数、标点符号等问题进行了说明。
关键词：食品科技论文；英文摘要；写作技巧Abstract：The essay introduces some of skills on how to write the abstract for food scientific papers.It also analyzes the structure of English titles,requirements for word number,the tense and mood of English abstract.In addition,it explains some aspects which are easy to be used incorrectly,such as articles,prepositions,numerals,singular and plural forms of nouns and punctuation marks.Keywords：Food scientific paper；English abstract；Writing skills论文摘要是以提供论文内容梗概为目的、不加评论和解释、简明确切地记录论文重要内容的短文，是论文内容的高度浓缩。
随着国际间科技交流的加深，以及信息资源的全球化趋势，我国各种学术期刊绝大多数要求发表的论文必须附有中英文摘要。
英文食品科技论文写作
研究背景：以过去为基点写，指出就这一课 题进行过什么相关研究，有何结论，存在何 问题等。
一般采用过去时。 引言中有一段阐明本研究目的和基本内容的
文字，通常使用一般过去式。
第13页，共153页，编辑于2022年，星期六
常用句型
Sb.tested sth. and they found …. Sb.reported sth. and they observed….
关于英文食品科技论文写作
第1页，共153页，编辑于2022年，星期六
一、文体结构
1. 标题（title)
2. 摘要或提要（abstract) 3. 引言、前言或介绍（introduction) 4. 材料和方法（materials and methods) 5. 结果和讨论（results and discussion) 6. 结论（conclusions) 7. 感谢（acknowledgement)、参考文献
carried out (made/ conducted/performed) by sb. who found that
第14页，共153页，编辑于2022年，星期六
4.材料与方法（materials and methods)
包括实验条件、材料、设计或使用的方法 根据食品科技论文类型和研究内容的不同，
重复次数 number of replications
统计分析 statistical analysis (2)仪器（equipment)
实验方法中所用仪器，仪器名称，制造厂家（model,
manufacturer’s name and address)
自己设计的仪器（measurement set up)
Sb.gave sth. and that indicating…. Sb.carried out experiments and the result showed…. Sb.conducted on sth….
介绍食品专业的英语作文
介绍食品专业的英语作文Title: The Fascinating World of Food Science: A Glimpse into the Art and Science of GastronomyFood Science, an intriguing fusion of culinary arts and scientific exploration, stands at the heart ofunderstanding the intricate processes that transform raw ingredients into delectable dishes that not only satiateour appetites but also impact our health and wellbeing.This multidisciplinary field encompasses chemistry, biology, engineering, nutrition, and sensory science to unravel the mysteries behind food's composition, preservation, processing, packaging, and safety.At its core, Food Science delves into the chemical reactions that occur during cooking, revealing how heat alters proteins, carbohydrates, and fats to influencetexture and flavor. It investigates how enzymes catalyze reactions in fruits causing them to ripen, and how fermentation by microorganisms can create a myriad offlavors from cheese to kimchi. Understanding these processes allows for the development of innovative products,enhancing food's nutritional value, and ensuring food safety across the global supply chain.Nutritional Science, a subset of Food Science, focuses on the impact of diet on human health. It studies how nutrients interact within our bodies, guiding dietary recommendations to prevent diseases and promote wellness. Sensory Science, another vital component, explores consumers' perceptions of food through taste, smell, texture, and appearance, influencing product development and marketing strategies.Moreover, Food Technology integrates engineering principles to design efficient methods of food production, preservation, and distribution. From high-pressure processing that retains freshness without preservatives to the development of biodegradable packaging materials, technology plays a pivotal role in shaping the future of food sustainability.In summary, Food Science is a dynamic and ever-evolving discipline that marries creativity with rigorous scientific inquiry. It not only enriches our dining experiences but also contributes significantly to public health,environmental sustainability, and economic growth. As the world faces challenges such as population growth, climate change, and shifting dietary preferences, the importance of Food Science in ensuring global food security cannot be overstated.---食品科学的奇妙世界：探索美食艺术与科学的交集食品科学，一门将烹饪艺术与科学研究巧妙融合的学科，位于理解将原始食材转化为既满足我们食欲又影响健康和福祉的美味佳肴的复杂过程的核心。
介绍食品产品及加工方式的英语作文
介绍食品产品及加工方式的英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Introduction to Food Products and Processing MethodsFood plays a vital role in our daily lives, providing us with essential nutrients and energy to fuel our bodies. From fresh fruits and vegetables to processed snacks and drinks, the variety of food products available to us is endless. In this essay, we will explore different types of food products and the various methods used to process them.1. Canned Foods:Canned foods are a convenient and long-lasting option for preserving fruits, vegetables, meats, and seafood. The canning process involves heating the food to high temperatures to kill bacteria and seal it in an airtight container. This helps to retain the flavor, texture, and nutritional value of the food for an extended period.2. Frozen Foods:Frozen foods are another popular option for preserving perishable items like fruits, vegetables, meats, and ready-to-eat meals. The freezing process involves rapidly cooling the food to below freezing temperatures, which helps to slow down the growth of bacteria and preserve the food's quality. Frozen foods are easy to store, cook, and consume, making them a convenient option for busy individuals.3. Dried Foods:Drying is one of the oldest methods of food preservation, dating back thousands of years. Dried foods like fruits, vegetables, meats, and grains are lightweight, compact, and have a long shelf life. The drying process involves removing moisture from the food through evaporation, which helps to prevent spoilage and extend the food's storage life. Dried foods can be eaten as snacks, added to recipes, or rehydrated for cooking.4. Fermented Foods:Fermentation is a natural process that involves the breakdown of carbohydrates in food by microorganisms like bacteria, yeast, and molds. Fermented foods like yogurt, cheese, sauerkraut, kimchi, and kombucha have a unique flavor, texture, and health benefits. The fermentation process can enhance thenutritional value of the food, improve digestibility, and introduce beneficial probiotics to our gut.5. Baked Goods:Baking is a common method of food preparation that involves cooking food in an oven using dry heat. Baked goods like bread, cakes, cookies, and pastries are made from flour, sugar, fats, eggs, and leavening agents. Baking helps to transform raw ingredients into delicious and fluffy treats that are enjoyed by people of all ages. The baking process can vary depending on the recipe, temperature, and baking time.6. Processed Meats:Processed meats are meat products that have been modified through curing, smoking, salting, or fermenting. Processed meats like bacon, sausage, ham, and deli meats have a longer shelf life, enhanced flavor, and different textures. However, consuming excessive amounts of processed meats has been linked to health risks like heart disease, cancer, and obesity. It is essential to consume processed meats in moderation and opt for healthier alternatives like lean meats, poultry, and plant-based proteins.7. Beverages:Beverages are liquid refreshments that can be consumed hot or cold, including water, tea, coffee, juice, soda, and alcohol. Beverages are made from a variety of ingredients like fruits, herbs, grains, and beans, each offering unique flavors and health benefits. The processing methods for beverages can vary, including brewing, fermenting, distilling, and bottling. It is essential to choose beverages that are low in sugar, artificial additives, and caffeine to maintain good health.In conclusion, food products come in various forms and undergo different processing methods to preserve, enhance, and transform their natural properties. Whether you prefer fresh produce, canned goods, frozen meals, or baked treats, there is a wide range of options available to satisfy your taste buds and nutritional needs. By understanding the different types of food products and processing methods, you can make informed choices about your diet and lead a healthier lifestyle.篇2Introduction to Food Products and Processing MethodsFood products are an essential part of our daily lives, providing us with the nutrients and energy we need to function properly. From fresh fruits and vegetables to processed meatsand dairy products, there is a wide variety of food products available in the market. In this article, we will explore some common food products and their processing methods.1. Fruits and VegetablesFruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins, minerals, and fiber, making them an important part of a healthy diet. These food products are usually consumed fresh, although they can also be processed into various forms such as juices, canned goods, and frozen products. Processing methods for fruits and vegetables include washing, peeling, slicing, and blanching. Some fruits and vegetables are also subjected to techniques such as canning, freezing, and drying to extend their shelf life.2. Dairy ProductsDairy products such as milk, cheese, and yogurt are excellent sources of calcium, protein, and other essential nutrients. These food products undergo various processing methods to ensure freshness and safety. Milk, for example, is pasteurized to eliminate harmful bacteria, while cheese is aged and fermented to develop its distinct flavor. Other processing methods for dairy products include homogenization, fortification, and packaging.3. Grains and CerealsGrains and cereals are staple foods that provide us with carbohydrates, fiber, and other nutrients. Common examples of grains and cereals include rice, wheat, oats, and corn. These food products can be processed into various forms such as flour, pasta, bread, and breakfast cereals. Processing methods for grains and cereals include milling, grinding, rolling, and baking. Some grains and cereals are also enriched or fortified with vitamins and minerals to enhance their nutritional value.4. Meat and PoultryMeat and poultry are rich sources of protein, iron, and other essential nutrients. These food products undergo various processing methods to improve taste, texture, and safety. Meat products such as sausages, bacon, and ham are cured, smoked, and cooked to enhance flavor and preserve freshness. Poultry products such as chicken and turkey are also processed through techniques such as marination, roasting, and grilling. Other processing methods for meat and poultry include freezing, packaging, and labeling.5. SeafoodSeafood products such as fish, shrimp, and crab are excellent sources of omega-3 fatty acids, protein, and other essential nutrients. These food products are processed through varioustechniques such as filleting, steaming, and frying. Seafood products can also be preserved through methods such as smoking, salting, and canning. Other processing methods for seafood include quality control, packaging, and distribution.In conclusion, food products play a crucial role in providing us with the necessary nutrients and energy for our daily activities. By understanding the various processing methods for different food products, we can make informed choices about our diet and nutrition. Whether it's fruits and vegetables, dairy products, grains and cereals, meat and poultry, or seafood, each food product undergoes specific processing methods to ensure quality, safety, and freshness. Next time you enjoy a meal, take a moment to appreciate the effort that goes into processing the food products on your plate.篇3Introduction to Food Products and Processing MethodsFood products are essential for human survival and play a significant role in our daily lives. With advancements in technology and globalization, the variety of food products available to consumers has increased exponentially. This articlewill introduce some popular food products and the various processing methods used to produce them.1. BreadBread is a staple food consumed by people all over the world. It is made by mixing flour, water, yeast, and salt. The dough is then kneaded and left to rise before being baked in an oven. There are many varieties of bread, including whole wheat, sourdough, and multigrain. In addition to traditional baking methods, some breads are now produced using industrial equipment for mass production.2. CheeseCheese is a dairy product made from the coagulation of milk proteins. The milk is first heated, and enzymes or bacteria are added to cause the proteins to coagulate. The curds are then separated from the whey and pressed into molds to form the cheese. There are hundreds of varieties of cheese, each with its own unique flavor and texture. Cheese can be aged for varying lengths of time to develop different flavors.3. ChocolateChocolate is a sweet treat made from cocoa beans, sugar, and milk. The cocoa beans are fermented, roasted, and groundinto a paste. Sugar and milk are added to the paste, and the mixture is conched to smooth out the texture. The chocolate is then tempered and molded into bars or other shapes. Different varieties of chocolate include milk chocolate, dark chocolate, and white chocolate.4. Canned vegetablesCanned vegetables are a convenient way to preserve fresh produce for longer periods. Vegetables are washed, peeled, and cut before being blanched in hot water to deactivate enzymes. The vegetables are then packed into cans along with water or a brine solution and sealed. The cans are heated to kill any bacteria and create a vacuum seal. Canned vegetables are a popular choice for quick and easy meal preparation.5. Frozen fruitFrozen fruit is another convenient way to preserve fresh produce. Fruits are washed, peeled, and cut before being flash frozen to preserve their nutrients and flavor. Frozen fruit can be used in smoothies, desserts, and baked goods. Some fruits are also freeze-dried to create crunchy snacks with a longer shelf life.6. Snack foodsSnack foods encompass a wide range of products, including chips, crackers, and popcorn. These foods are typically made from grains or potatoes that are extruded, fried, or baked into crispy snacks. Flavorings such as salt, spices, or cheese powder are added to enhance the taste. Snack foods are popular for their convenience and portability.7. BeveragesBeverages include a variety of drinks such as soda, juice, tea, and coffee. These drinks are produced using different methods depending on the type of beverage. For example, soda is made by mixing carbonated water with flavorings and sweeteners, while coffee is brewed from roasted coffee beans. Juices are extracted from fruits using a juicer or a press. Tea is made by steeping dried tea leaves in hot water.Overall, food products are produced using a variety of processing methods to ensure safety, quality, and convenience for consumers. These products play a crucial role in our daily diet and provide us with essential nutrients and energy. Next time you enjoy your favorite food product, take a moment to appreciate the effort and technology that went into producing it.。
食品英文作文技巧总结
食品英文作文技巧总结英文：As a food lover, I have always been interested in the topic of food. Food is not only a necessity for our survival, but it is also a way for people to connect and share their culture. In this essay, I will share some tips on how to write a great food-related essay in English.Firstly, it is important to have a clear and concise thesis statement. Your thesis statement should clearlystate your main argument or point of view. For example, if you are writing about the benefits of a vegan diet, your thesis statement could be: "A vegan diet has numeroushealth benefits and is a more sustainable option for the environment."Secondly, use descriptive language to bring your essayto life. Use sensory details to describe the taste, texture, and appearance of the food you are discussing. For example,instead of saying "the pizza tasted good," you could say "the pizza was a delicious combination of tangy tomato sauce, melted mozzarella cheese, and crispy crust."Thirdly, use personal experiences or anecdotes to make your essay more relatable. Share a story about a memorable meal you had or a food-related tradition in your family. This will help your readers connect with your essay on a deeper level.Finally, do your research and include credible sources to support your arguments. Use statistics and studies to back up your claims and provide evidence for your thesis statement. This will show that you have done your homework and make your essay more convincing.In conclusion, writing a great food-related essay in English requires a clear thesis statement, descriptive language, personal experiences, and credible sources. By following these tips, you can create a compelling and engaging essay that will leave a lasting impression on your readers.中文：作为一个美食爱好者，我一直对食品这个话题感兴趣。
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怎样写食品科技论文英文摘要
HOW to write the English summary of Food Scientific Paper
CHEN De－chang PENG Zeng－qi LI Chang－wen ZHANG Jia－cheng
Abstract：In this paper，the type，the structure and the content of English summary of food scientific paper were Introduced．The attention for writingEnglish summary was also exPounded．
Key words ：food scientific paper，English summary
摘要：介绍了食品科技论文摘要的形式，以及其结构和内容，并阐明写作英文摘要需要注意的问题。
关键词：食品科技论文；英文摘要
0 前言
长期以来，英语在学术刊物里一直占有主导地位，现如今随着国际交流的日益发展，科技英文摘要在国际学术交流中起着重要的作用。
联合国教科文组织制定的科学技术杂志准则中规定：每篇正式的英文论文应当附有论文摘要，而非英语写出的论文则应当有一段英文写出的摘要。
目前，我国许多中文科技期刊都要求发表的论文要附有一篇英文摘要，因此写好英文摘
要是值得科技工作者重视的问题。
1 英文摘要的形式
摘要是一种高度概括性的文体，要求用较小的篇幅、较少的句子总结出论文中的主要发现，向读者提供论文中的全部创新内容和尽可能多的定量或定性信息。
英文摘要通常有两种形式，一是资料性摘要，二是陈述性摘要。
1.l 资料性摘要
说出论文的研究目的、实验方法、结果和最终结论等。
如：
To determine the effects on the structure formation of comminuted meat emulsions and meat products，emulsions made from pork and ham fat were produced incorporating common additives at standard levels：muscle protein（MP）; MP＋sodium caseinate；and MP＋blood plasma protein（BPP）－all 3 variants with and without 3％added salt．The control contained MP but no added salt．The emulsions were then canned，pasteurized, and refrigerated for 24h．Analysis of the effects of the treatments on sta－
bility，structural and rheological properties，and texture of the emulsions and end products showed that addition of sodium caseinate and Bpp caused a deterioratlon In tex－tural and structural ProPerties of the MP，leading to prod －ucts with a liquidy,elastic struture and a watery,spongy
and loose texture．
1.2 陈述性摘要
长篇论文有大量的数据，无法容纳在有限篇幅的摘要里，因此，摘要只叙述论文内容的要点，不写出研究结果和结论的细节，使读者对论文的主要内容有一
个概括的了解。
如：
A total Of 124 bstches Of fresh Autrian lamb was analysed for shlga－toxin producing EScherichia coli （STEC）．None of the batches yielded STEC 0157，but 21 samples harboured none－0157 STEC strains．The predom－inant serotype was 0146（4 isolates of 0146；HNT and 3 of 0146: H21）．All isolates contained the enterohaemorrhagic E.coli（EHEC）hly gene and all but one（STEC 015：H－）
the enterohaemolysin positive phenotype；only one isolate（STEC0146:HNT）contained the eae virulence factor．The health risk from this meat could be regarded as low due to the lack of classical human pathogenic EHEC．
2 英文摘要的结构和内容
1、研究目的——陈述研究的宗旨、说明要研究和解决的问题。
如：TO determine the effects on the structure formation of comminuted meat emulsions and meat prod－ucts.
2、研究方法——介绍研究的途径，采用的材料、模型、实验范围及手段。
如：emulsions made from pork and ham fat were produced Incorporating common additives at standard levels．
3、研究结果（或结论）以及意义——实事求是地报道经过试验和研究所获得的新资料、新数据、新理论、新结果。
如：Analysis of the effects of the treatments on stability，structural and rheological properties，and texture of the emulsions and end products showed that addition of soldium
caseinate and BPP caused a deterioration in tex-tural and structural properties of the MP,leading to prod-ucts with a liquidy,elastic structure and watery,spongy and loose texture.
3 写英文摘要时应注意的问题
一般论文摘要多放在论文的前面。
一篇好的论文摘要是全文的缩影，要求简短扼要地报道文章的主题内容，既有适当的概括性，又有一定的报道深度。
因此，写好食品科技论文英文摘要，应注意以下几方面的问题。
3.1 避免重复
不要过于简单地只把论文标题加以扩展或重复（即摘要的首句是对论文标题的扩展或重复），也不能将论文的段落标题全部加以罗列来代替摘要，使读者无法得到的全文梗概。
这种写法在文献中是有的，但我们要避免这种写法。
3.2 篇幅要小
1、英文摘要是具有高度概括性的一种文体，要求篇幅尽量小，句子（少用短句）尽可能
少而完整。
一篇摘要一般不超过250个单词，目的是使读者读后确定是否需要阅读全文。
2、英文摘要应写成一段，不分段落。
摘要本身要完整，能独立使用，使那些对所论总是有所了解的读者，即使得不到原文，也能一目了解，获得明确的概念。
因此，摘要应用纯文叙述，应避免使用正文中的缩写字、图、表、化学结构式、数学公式或与角注、插图、表格、参考文献等有关符号。
允许使用公知的缩略语，但非标准的，特别是作者自构的缩略语在第一次出现时需加注全称，如：muscle protein(MP),blood plasma protein(BPP).
3.3 在文字上要遵循一般英语语法
1、人称：摘要是从客观的角度用简练的语言介绍论文的主要内容的，因此忌用第一、第二人称，而用第三人称。
2、动态：在使用第三人称时，也应使用研究的客体作主语，这样既显得客观，也能避免叙述中心转移，从而维护统一性，又便于具体内容的辅陈。
采用以研究的客体作主语决定了谓语多用被动语态。
3、谓语时态：英文摘要原则上不排斥任何时态的使用，但以一般过去时为最多见。
因为摘要内叙述的工作相对于文章发表时已是过去的事，将所得的结果和结论用一般过去时表达是说明当时的情况，而不将其视为普遍性规律或真理，这样比较客观。
但对规律性事物往往用一般现在时表达，因为，规律性事物过去如此，现在如此，将来也应该如此。
如在A total of 124 batches of fresh Autrian lamb was analysed for shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli(STEC)中,A total of 124 batches of fresh Autrian lamb就是用研究的客体作主语,因而用的是第三人称，同时语态也是被动语态（was），而时态也很明显的是用过去时（was）。
4 小结
我们在写英文摘要时要注意文摘的用语、遣语造句以及修辞，既不能写出大量零碎的短句，也不能写太长的长句以避免出错。
总之，一篇好的英文科技论文摘要，应写得简明扼要，有实际内容，合乎英语语法。