中考英语语法点睛:名词
《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练解析附答案

一、选择题1.I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A.wasn’t used; many B.didn’t use; tons of C.used not; many2.— Do you know all the names in your class, Mr King?—No, only part of them.A.student B.students C.student’s D.students’3.Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow.A.May B.July C.September D.November4.Is it a picture_________ your school?A.of B.to C.and D.with5.—Do _________ like going to ___________?—I don’t know.A.woman teachers, clothes shops B.women teachers, clothes shops C.woman teachers, sport shops D.women teachers, vegetables shops 6.Look at the________on the ground, and it’s telling us autumn has come.A.leaves B.leaf C.leafs D.leafes7.These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A.Jerry’s and Jenny’s B.Jerry and Jenny’s C.Jerry’s sand Jenny 8.—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday — You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great!A.three-day; three days B.three- day; three days’C.three days’; three-day D.three days; three days9.Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are!A.is having B.are having C.have D.has10.Do you know the three ______ under the tree? Their mothers are all ______in our school. A.boy students; woman teachers B.boy students; women teachersC.boys students; women teachers D.boys students; woman teachers11.My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious.A.salad; eggs B.salads; eggs C.salad; eggs D.salads; egg 12.________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s?A.Is, rooms B.Are, room C.Are, rooms D.Is, room 13.There was no bus in that small town. We had a_______ walk to get to the museum.A.5 kilometers B.5 kilometer’s C.5-kilometer D.5-kilometers 14.—________ shows are getting more and more popular.—That's true. And many people are truly________.A.Talent; talent B.Talent; talented C.Talented; talented D.Talented; talent15.—The milk shake tastes good .How do you make it?—It's easy, just follow the_________.A.discussions B.instructions C.resolutions D.directions16.--What kind of noodles you like?--I’d like noodles.A.do;tomatoes B.would;tomato C.do;tomato D.would;tomatoes 17.There are many ________ animals in the zoo. I like pandas best. Because they are ________ cute.A.kind of; kinds of B.kind of; kind of C.kinds of; kinds of D.kinds of; kind of 18.—_______everyone with kindness even those who are impolite to you. Remember: not because they are worth it, but because you are nice.一Everyone should treat others with_______.A.To treat; warmly B.Treat; warmth C.Treating; warm19.As we know, China was the first country in the world________.A.make papers B.to make papers C.to make paper 20.—What're these_______English?—They are________.A.at; knifes B.in; knives C.in, knifes21.This is Bob Smith. His last name is________.A.Bob B.Smith C.Bob Smith 22.Learning English in a classroom is important, but using English in real ________ will improve skills greatly.A.conditions B.situations C.events D.positions23.He has over 20 years teaching ________. I bet he is quite________.A.experience; experience B.experience; experienced C.experienced; experience D.experienced; experienced24.That is my ________ and my ________ are on it.A.desk; books B.desks; book C.desks; books D.desk, book25.I am hungry. But there is little left. I have to go and buy some.A.sandwiches B.potatoes C.water D.bread【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.B解析:B【解析】【详解】句意:我过去在学校不受欢迎,但现在我走到哪里都受到很多关注。
【英语】英语语法名词归纳总结

【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意:百分之百的投入到学习中去,尽管会既孤独又无趣,它却会给你的青春留下珍贵的印记。A. response响应、反应;B. offence犯罪、违反;C. commitment承诺、献身;D. reaction反应、感应。commitment“承诺、献身”符合句意。故C选项正确。
9.—$300, and that’s my last offer.
—OK. It is a ________.
A.chargeB.price
C.costD.deal
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:——300美元,这是我最后的报价。——好的,成交。A. charge要价;B. price价格;C. cost花费,费用;D. deal交易。It is a deal.意为“成交”,是固定表达。故选D项。
2.The success of her book has given her high social.
A.status B.sculpture
C.approval D.figure
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意:她的书的成功给了她很高的社会地位。A. status地位;B. sculpture雕塑;C. approval批准;D. figure数字,根据题意,故选A。
C.amusing, amused, amusementD.amusing, amusing, amusement
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查形容词和名词。句意:昨天我们去了一个有趣的公园,那里的表演让我们很开心,我们觉得很有趣。以后缀–ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人。以后缀-ing结尾的形容词主要用于说明事物。所以第一个空填amusing,修饰park,第二个空填amused,因为主语为we。而第三个空前的found为及物动词后接名词amusement作宾语。故C选项正确。
初中英语语法专题练习2 答案解析

初中英语专题练习2《名词》1.掌握可数名词和不可数名词;2.掌握可数名词复数的规则变化和不规则变化;3.掌握不可数名词量的表达方式;4.掌握名词所有格的用法;5.掌握名词用作定语的用法;6.掌握专有名词的甩法。
名词辨析1. 一How can Julie say bad words about me? I thought we were good friends.一Who told you that? Friends need .A. courageB. distanceC. trustD. shame【答案】C【解析】句意:——朱莉怎么能说我坏话呢?我原以为我们是好朋友。
——谁告诉你那个的?朋友需要信任。
courage勇气;distance距离;trust信任;shame羞愧。
根据How can Julie say bad words about me?可知认为朱莉在说自己的坏话,故表示不信任,因此对方劝她要信任朋友,故选C。
2. Dr. Ma has helped a lot of patients see again in the of his life.A. formB. wayC. directionD. course【答案】D【解析】句意:马医生在他的一生中帮助了很多患者重见光明。
i n the course of one’s li fe表示“在某人的一生中”。
in the form of “以……的形式”;in the way of “关于……方面;阻碍”;in the direction of “朝……方向”;in the course of “在……期间,在……过程中”,结合句意,故答案选D。
3. 一Dad, have you told Mom that I will come back next Wednesday?一No. Let's keep it and give her a surprise.A. chanceB. choiceC. secretD. idea【答案】C【解析】句意:——爸爸,你已经告诉妈妈我下周三要回来了吗?——没有。
初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点(5)

1.I’m happy ________ a friend of ________.
A.to visit, myB.visiting myC.to visit, mineD.visiting, my
2.This is Mary and that is Kate.______ my______.
4.—Tom likes soccer.What club can he join?
—He can join the ______ club.
A.sportB.music
C.sportsD.swimming
5.Do you know the three ______ under the tree? Their mothers are all ______in our school.
8.My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious.
A.salad; eggsB.salads; eggsC.salad; eggsD.salads; egg
5.B
解析:B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:你知道树下的那三个男生吗?他们的妈妈都是我们学校的女老师。
考查复合名词复数变化规则。boy students男学生;women teachers女老师。以两个名词构成的复合名词(前面的名词为man或woman除外),一般把后面的名词变复数,所以第一空使用boy students;以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时,前后两个名词都变成复数,所以第二空使用women teachers。故选B。
A.She's;friendB.They're;friendsC.They're;friend
初中英语语法知识—名词的解析(1)

13.—_________ is it from Wuxi to Shanghai?
—It’s about ________ drive.
A.How long; a two hours’B.How far; a two-hours
C.How far; two hours’D.How long; a two-hour
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除
一、选择题
1.A
解析:A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意:提高你的阅读速度,否则你不能在100分钟的有限时间内完成英语阅读材料。
考查“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构和名词所有格。Increase动词原形;To increase动词不定式;Increasing现在分词。分析第一处可知,此处构成“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构,所以使用动词原形。100 minutes’ 100分钟的,名词复数的所有格;a 100-minute一个100分钟的;100-minutes’错误的表达方式。分析第二处可知,此处用于句中作定语修饰其后的名词time,又因为time不可数,其前不能用不定冠词修饰。故选A。
A.sports; shoeB.sports; shoes
C.sport; shoeD.sport; shoes
6.—Why do you get up so early?
—Because my home is far from the science museum. It’s ________bus ride.
句意:Alan通常在11月去哈尔滨。他喜欢玩雪。
考查月份名词。根据“Harbin”及后句“He likes playing with snow.”他喜欢玩雪,可知应该是在北半球的冬天。May五月;July七月;September九月;November十一月。十一月是在北半球的冬天。故选D。
英语语法总结冠词和名词

英语语法总结冠词和名词英语语法复习知识扼要总结版Chapter 1简单句(Simple Sentences)1.一.名词的格:of 属格的构成及逻辑语义关系1.1 of属格的构成基本构成:N1+of+N2。
N表示名词;一般来说,of属格主要用于以下两种情形:一是,表示无生命物体的名词的所有关系。
比如:eg:the roof of the church教堂的屋顶/the name of the song 歌曲的名字/the title of the book 书名/the leg of the table 因此,总体来说,’s所有格主要用于有生命的名词,而of属格主要用于无生命的名词二是,当有生命的名词后面接短语或从句修饰时,也用of属格。
比如:eg:I took the advice of an old man that I met during a journey and decided to make something of myself.译文:我听从了在一次旅行中遇到的一位老人的建议,决定干出一番大事业。
1.2of属格的逻辑语义关系介词of可以表示很多种逻辑语义关系,读者最熟悉的应该是它表示的“所有关系”,译成“......的”。
比如:eg:The mother of the boy in a red suit is president of our company.穿红色西服的那个男孩的妈妈是我们公司的总经理。
除此以外,of还可以表示其他语义关系,共计十余种,这里只讨论三种:主谓关系、动宾关系和同位关系。
A.主谓关系:从右往左翻译基本结构:N1+of+N2。
N表示名词;一般来说,这里N1是由不及物动词变化过来的名词,表示某个行为,这一行为是由N2来发出的。
或者说N2是N1行为的执行者。
比如:eg:the arrival of my mother【点睛】:这里第一个名词arrival是由不及物动词arrive变化过来的,它表示一个行为;而第二个名词my mother则是这个行为的执行者,即相当于说my mother arrived.译文:我妈妈到了eg:the rise of the U.S. Superpower超级大国美国的兴起/the growth of agriculture农业增长B.动宾关系:从左往右翻译基本结构:N1+of+N2。
英语语法知识专题讲练:名词和冠词
【 备考提示 】 面对英语学 习中的大量近义词 , 要尽
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新初中英语语法知识—名词的解析
一、选择题1.--What kind of noodles you like?--I’d like noodles.A.do;tomatoes B.would;tomato C.do;tomato D.would;tomatoes 2.People in western countries will get together to eat turkeys and celebrate harvest(丰收)on ________, just like our Mid-Autumn Day.A.Thanksgiving Day B.Christmas Day C.National Day3.—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world?—Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China.A.the biggest city; any B.the biggest cities; anyC.the biggest cities; any other D.the biggest cities; the other4.—There are beautiful flowers everywhere to celebrate the National Day, and we have—________ holiday. That means we have seven days ________ for this public holiday.A.a seven-day; off B.a seven-days; awayC.seven-day; over D.a seven-days’; off5.Look, this is________ bedroom.A.my father and mother’s B.my father’s and mother’sC.my father’s and mother D.my father and mother6.There________some water in the bottle.A.is B.am C.are D.be7.Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are!A.is having B.are having C.have D.has8.—What is your _______, Lingling?—I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night.A.interests; interesting B.interests; interestC.interest; interesting D.interesting; interest9.—It’s convenient(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car?—Yes. It’s said that_________is enough.A.two hours drive B.two-hours driveC.two hour’s drive D.two hours’ drive10._______mother usually cooks for_______ at the weekend.A.Lily and Nick; their B.Lily's and Nick's; themC.Lily and Nick's; their D.Lily and Nick's; them11.Thanks for the two _______________you gave(给)to me.A.tape player B.tapes players C.tape players D.taper players 12.There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school.A.sports; shoe B.sports; shoesC.sport; shoe D.sport; shoes13.________ your reading speed, or you can’t finish the English reading materials in ________ limited time.A.Increase; 100 m inutes’B.To increase; a 100-minute C.Increasing; 100-minutes’14.—________ shows are getting more and more popular.—That's true. And many people are truly________.A.Talent; talent B.Talent; talented C.Talented; talented D.Talented; talent 15.—Do you like apples?—Yes, I do. But my son likes _______.A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.banana 16.(2017·甘肃白银、武威·7)“It depends on my ________ decision.” the mother said and looked at her two sons.A.children B.children's C.child D.child's 17.Animals are our ________, and we should be ________ to them.A.friend; friendly B.friends; friendly C.friendly; friends D.friendly; friend 18.—What're these_______English?—They are________.A.at; knifes B.in; knives C.in, knifes19.This is Bob Smith. His last name is________.A.Bob B.Smith C.Bob Smith20.Mary, please get some ________for me.A.orange B.pear C.tomato21.That is my ________ and my ________ are on it.A.desk; books B.desks; book C.desks; books D.desk, book 22.—How many________ doctors are there in your hospital?—________ them________ over one hundredA.woman; The number of; is B.women; The number of; is C.women; A number of; are23.—How far is it from here to the hospital? —It’s about ride.A.fifteen minute’s B.fifteen minutesC.fifteen minutes’D.fifteen-minutes24.—Whose desk is it? Is it the ________?—Yes. It is ________.A.twins'; Liz's and Lillie's B.twin's; Liz's and Lillie'sC.twins'; Liz and Lillie's D.twin's; Liz and Lillie's25.It's about ten __________ walk from here.A.minutes' B.minute's C.minutes D.minute of【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.B解析:B【解析】句意:-------你想要什么样的面条?-------我想要西红柿面。
(易错题精选)初中英语语法知识—名词的技巧及练习题附解析(1)
一、选择题1.It's about ten __________ walk from here.A.minutes' B.minute's C.minutes D.minute of 2.-Can I help you?-Yes. I'd like__________ rice.A.a small bar of B.a slice of C.a large bag of D.a piece of 3.Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow.A.May B.July C.September D.November 4.Is it a picture_________ your school?A.of B.to C.and D.with5.There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school. A.sports; shoe B.sports; shoesC.sport; shoe D.sport; shoes6.Look at the________on the ground, and it’s telling us autumn has come.A.leaves B.leaf C.leafs D.leafes 7.Look, this is________ bedroom.A.my father and mother’s B.my father’s and mother’sC.my father’s and mother D.my father and mother8.These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A.Jerry’s and Jenny’s B.Jerry and Jenny’s C.Jerry’s sand Jenny 9.—Tom likes soccer.What club can he join?—He can join the ______ club.A.sport B.musicC.sports D.swimming10.Here_______some of the results. Most students think_______are cheaper than cars. A.is; the bike B.are; bikesC.are; the bike D.is; bikes11.— How much are the __________?— Eight yuan a kilo.A.broccoli B.potatoes C.beef D.bread12.________wild animals are disappearing because of the ________of their living areas. A.The number of; lost B.The number of; losing C.A number of; loseD.A number of; loss13.I am hungry. But there is little left. I have to go and buy some.A.sandwiches B.potatoes C.water D.bread 14.—Whose desk is it? Is it the ________?—Yes. It is ________.A.twins'; Liz's and Lillie's B.twin's; Liz's and Lillie'sC.twins'; Liz and Lillie's D.twin's; Liz and Lillie's15.—Kate, what do you have ____________ dinner?—I have some____________, And I like them very much.A./; chicken B.for; chicken C./; vegetables D.for; vegetables 16.—The milk shake tastes good .How do you make it?—It's easy, just follow the_________.A.discussions B.instructions C.resolutions D.directions 17.—Is that your schoolbag?—No, it isn’t. It’s _____.A.her. B.Bob’s C.Bob D.him 18.—_______everyone with kindness even those who are impolite to you. Remember: not because they are worth it, but because you are nice.一Everyone should treat others with_______.A.To treat; warmly B.Treat; warmth C.Treating; warm 19.Let’s wish the food festival .A.succeed B.success C.successful20.________he_______big________?A.Does; has; foot B.Does; have; feet C.Do; have; foots21.A number of________ will take part in the sports meeting and the number of them________ over 300.A.students; are B.student; are C.students; is22.This zebra is an ______ animal. It lives in ______ now.A.Africa; Africa B.African; AfricaC.Africa; African D.African; African23.That is my ________ and my ________ are on it.A.desk; books B.desks; book C.desks; books D.desk, book 24.—How many________ doctors are there in your hospital?—________ them________ over one hundredA.woman; The number of; is B.women; The number of; is C.women; A number of; are25._______mother usually cooks for_______ at the weekend.A.Lily and Nick; their B.Lily's and Nick's; themC.Lily and Nick's; their D.Lily and Nick's; them【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:它离这大约步行10分钟。
《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—名词的基础测试题及解析
一、选择题1.Some bananas ______ in the bag. Some mutton ______ on the table.A.are; are B.is; is C.are; is D.is; are2.—Do _________ like going to ___________?—I don’t know.A.woman teachers, clothes shops B.women teachers, clothes shops C.woman teachers, sport shops D.women teachers, vegetables shops 3.Some ________went to Japan to help when they knew that many ________ lost their homes in the earthquake.A.Germen; Japanese B.Frenchmen; Japaneses C.Germans; Japanese 4.This is Mary and that is Kate.______ my______.A.She's; friend B.They're; friends C.They're; friend 5.Look, this is________ bedroom.A.my father and mother’s B.my father’s and mother’sC.my father’s and mother D.my father and mother6.Those _________ plans for the holiday sound great. How about ________?A.girl’s ; yours B.girls’; youC.girls ; your D.girls’; yours7.These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A.Jerry’s and Jenny’s B.Jerry and Jenny’s C.Jerry’s sand Jenny8.My mother often________when she was a young girl.A.keep diaries B.keep diary C.kept diaries D.kept diary 9.—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday —You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great!A.three-day; three days B.three- day; thre e days’C.three days’; three-day D.three days; three days10.I am hungry. But there is little left. I have to go and buy some.A.sandwiches B.potatoes C.water D.bread11.—_________ is it from Wuxi to Shanghai?—It’s about ________ drive.A.How lon g; a two hours’B.How far; a two-hoursC.How far; two hours’D.How long; a two-hour12.-Can I help you?-Yes. I'd like__________ rice.A.a small bar of B.a slice of C.a large bag of D.a piece of 13.—The milk shake tastes good .How do you make it?—It's easy, just follow the_________.A.discussions B.instructions C.resolutions D.directions14.—These days, more and more kids have problems with their sight.— They should do eye________and take________every day.A.exercises; exercises B.exercises, exerciseC.exercise. exercises D.exercise, exercise15.—What would you like for breakfast? —I'd like ________.A.tomato noodle B.tomato noodlesC.tomatoes noodle D.tomatoes noodles16.I want to buy ________.A.a bread B.some breads C.two piece of bread D.two bags of bread 17.—Do you like apples?—Yes, I do. But my son likes _______.A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.banana 18.—_______everyone with kindness even those who are impolite to you. Remember: not because they are worth it, but because you are nice.一Everyone should treat others with_______.A.To treat; warmly B.Treat; warmth C.Treating; warm 19.These aren’t.They’re my brother’s.A.pen;mine B.pens;mineC.pen;my D.pens;my20.Let’s wish the food festival .A.succeed B.success C.successful21.This is ________ bedroom. Jenny shares it ________ her twin sister.A.Jenny and Maria’s; of B.Jenny and Maria’s; withC.Jenny’s and Maria’s; about D.Jenny’s and Maria; with22.Is that your ________?A.a picture B.photos C.photoes D.picture 23.That is my ________ and my ________ are on it.A.desk; books B.desks; book C.desks; books D.desk, book 24.—How many________ doctors are there in your hospital?—________ them________ over one hundredA.woman; The number of; is B.women; The number of; is C.women; A number of; are25.I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A.wasn’t used; many B.didn’t use; tons of C.used not; many【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:袋子里有一些香蕉。
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中考英语语法点睛:名词王培同一、概述名词是用来表示人、事、物、地方、现象、行为、动作、情感、品质的词或短语。
名词可以表示具体的东西,如:book, water, park, moo, Beijing,等;也可以表示抽象的概念,如:beauty, love, anger, wisdom, ability, happiness等。
二、名词的分类名词可分为普通名词和专有名词。
普通名词是普通的名称,表示一些人、物、或抽象概念的统称,不表示特定的人、事、物或地点的名字。
普通名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词,它们又有可数名词和不可数名词之分,其中个体名词和集体名词一般为可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词一般为不可数名词。
三、可数名词与不可数名词根据能否与不定冠词a\an连用或能否被计数可以将名次分为可数名词与不可数名词。
前面可以加不定冠词a\an,可以被计数的名词为可数名词,英文为countable noun,简写为[c]。
可数名词具有单数和复数两种形式。
如:a lion ✈two lionsa tiger ✈three tigersa snake ✈ten snakesa bag ✈ten bagsa family ✈many families相反,前面不可以加不定冠词a\an,无法被计数的名词为不可数名词,英文为uncountable noun,简写为[u]。
比如water, 不能说a water或ten water。
要表示其数量,必须在前面加上表示数量的单位。
如:water ✈ a glass of water ✈two glasses of waterrice ✈ a bag of rice ✈three bags of ricetea ✈ a cup of tea ✈four cups of teaink ✈ a bottle of ink ✈five bottles of inkadvice ✈ a piece of advice ✈some picecs of advice口诀:不可数名词的范围金木水火土,肉面食茶布;液体粉末状,皆为不可数。
四、可数名词的复数变化1.规则变化:规则一、大部分名词在词尾加-s;如:map—maps tree—trees bird—birds pilot—pilots orange—oranges bike—bikes规则二、以s,x,z,ch, sh结尾的名词加-es;如:box—boxes tax—taxes boss—bosses bus—buses quiz—quizzeslunch—lunches torch—torches dish—dishes wish—wishes注意:1. quiz(测验)变复数时必须先双写z,然后再加-es;2. stomach的复数是在后面加s,因为stomach中ch的发音是[k],不是[tʃ]。
规则三、以o结尾的名词后面加-s或-es ;1.以元音字母加o结尾的名词加-s;如:video—videos radio—radios zoo—zoos studio—studios kangaroo—kangaroos2.以辅音字母加o结尾的名词加-es;如:hero—heroes Negro—Negroes tomato—tomatoes potato—potatoes巧计:黑人和英雄爱吃马铃薯和番茄3.有些词虽然是以辅音字母加o结尾,变为复数时却只加-s;熟记下列各词:piano—pianos hippo—hippos photo—photos kilo—kilos yo-yo—yo-yos4.还有一些以辅音字母加o结尾名词的复数变化既可加-s,又可加-es。
熟记下列各词:buffalo—baffalos\baffaloes mosquito—mosquitos\mosquitoes zero—zeros\zeroesmango—mangos\mangoes volcano—volcanos\volcanoes 规则四、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i再加-es ;如baby—babies family—families fly—flies spy—spies baby—babiesarmy—armies story—stories factory—stories注意:本规则只适用于“辅音字母+y”,若是元音字母加y结尾,则直接加-s。
如:boy—boys toy—toys bay—bays way—ways play—plays规则五、以fe或f结尾的名词,把fe或f变为v,再加es 。
如:thief—thieves wife—wives shelf—shelves knife—knives self—selveswolf—wolves half—halves leaf—leaves life—lives 巧计:“小偷和他的妻子拿起书架上小刀把自己和狼砍成一半,并用树叶覆盖起来,结束了他们的生命。
”例外:cliff—cliffs belief—beliefs safe—safes roof—roofsgulf—gulfs giraffe—giraffes handkerchief—handkerchiefs6).名词复数规则变化的发音规律清辅音后加-s读[s],浊辅音和元音后加-s读[z],[s][z][dʒ][tʃ]之后读[iz]。
可以用口诀表达为:清读[s],浊元[z];[s][z][dʒ][tʃ]读[iz]。
2. 不规则变化1). 通过变化单词中的元音字母来构成复数形势;如child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth goose---geeseman---men woman---women mouse---mice ox---oxen2). 单复同形;如:deer---deer sheep---sheep fish---fish Chinese---ChineseJapanese---Japanese goldfish---goldfish3). 复合名词的复数变化:一般将合成词中的主体词变为复数形式,但若非主干词为man\woman时,应将主体词连同man\woman都改为复数。
如:girl student---girl students mother-in-law---mothers-in-law runner-up---runners-upapple tree---apple trees woman doctor--- women doctors man nurse--- men nurses本规则可用口诀表达为:有男有女都改变,无男无女变主干。
4). 集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。
如:people 、police、cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,要表达同意单数可用a person、a policeman、a cow\bull\ox等。
另外,the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。
如: The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
有些名词只用作复数,如cattle,police,clothes,belongings,savings等。
五、名词复数应该注意的问题1.由合成词Englishman、Frenchman、Policeman、Englishwoman、Frenchwoman、Policewoman等的复数只需将其中的man\woman变为复数形式,分别为Englishmen、Frenchmen、Policemen、Englishwomen、Frenchwomen、Policewomen。
但German、Roman不是man\woman的合成词,所以他们的复数是在后面加-s,即Germans和Romans。
姓Bowman也是如此,它的复数为the Bowmans,指鲍曼一家人。
2.注意并非所有以s结尾的词都是复数名词,比如maths,politics,physics、means,species,series,goods,news等都不是复数形式,它们作主语时谓语用三单形式。
如:Eg1. Maths is very difficult.Eg2. The news is sad and makes everyone in the room cry.Eg3. The quickest means of travel is by plane.Eg4. This serie s is the best one.3.the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数,作主语时谓语用三单形式。
Eg5. The United Nations was organized in 1945.Eg6. The United States is a great nation.4.以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也应视为单数。
Eg7. "The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book.5.fish的复数形式有两种:fish和fishes。
当指同一种类的鱼时,无论是单数还是复数都用fish,为单复同形词,复数不能用fishes;当指多种不同种类的鱼时,复数用fish与fishes皆可。
Eg8. Jack caught several kinds of fish\fishes yesterday.Eg9. Those fish are of one kind.六.知识扩展:名词的单复数在意义上的不同有些名词从单数形式变为复数形式时,可以有特别的意义。
现把较为常见的这类名词列举如下:wood 木材☞woods 树林sand 沙子☞sands 沙滩time 时间☞times 时代interest 兴趣☞interests 利益air 空气☞airs 摆架子cloth 布☞clothes 衣服corn 玉米☞corns 鸡眼custom风俗习惯☞customs 海关experience 经验☞experiences 经历good 好处☞goods 货物green 绿色☞greens 青菜manner 态度,方式☞manners 礼貌quarter 一刻钟,四分之一☞quarters 住处,营房ruin 毁灭☞ruins 废墟work 工作☞works 著作。