吉林大学考博英语04-08试题及答案
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：13
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题As an important part of police strategy, rapid police response is seen by police officers and the public（） as offering tremendous benefits.问题1选项A.similarlyB.the sameC.a likeD.likewise【答案】C【解析】考查近义词。
四个选项均有“相似地，相同地”意思，根据句意“警察和民众都认为警察快速反应机制将会带来巨大利益”，在句中，as 与seen搭配，表示“被看作”的意思，因此空格处应该填入形容词，其中A与D为副词，不符合题意。
As the same虽然可以搭配，但是不符合句子结构，所以选项C 符合题意。
2.单选题Some British universities are state-supported, others are privately（） and still others are supported by religious origination.问题1选项A.ensuredB.attributedC.authorizedD.endowed【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
ensure “保证，确保”；attribute “归属，把··· ···归于”；authorize “批准，认可”；endow “资助，捐赠”。
根据前半句句意“一些英国大学是政府创建的”，后半句“其他有些由宗教组织资助”，可以推出空格处要填入support的同义词，所以选项D符合题意。
3.单选题It is a common theme of many science fiction stories that the world may one day be （）by beings from the outer space.问题1选项A.run overB.filled inC.taken overD.broken in【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：90
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Many old houses have been（） in order that new big buildings may be built.问题1选项A.leveledB.collapsedC.demolishedD.felled【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
level “使同等；对准；弄平”；collapse “倒塌；瓦解”，一般做不及物动词，无被动形式；demolish “拆除；破坏”；fell “砍伐；打倒；击倒”。
句意：为了修建新的建筑，很多老房子被拆除了。
选项C符合题意。
2.单选题Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication （）the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.问题1选项A.in whichB.in this wayC.in thatD.in order that【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。
空格后面是一个完整的句子，不缺任何主要成分。
in which 引导定语从句，可以排除；in this way “以··· ···的方式”，不符合题意。
in that 在句中引导原因状语从句，符合句意：广告与其他的交流方式不同，因为广告人需要为要发表的信息付费。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题The boy answered all my questions with complete （）.问题1选项A.insuranceB.securityC.assuranceD.safety【答案】C【解析】考察名词词义辨析。
insurance“保险，保险费”；security“安全，保证”；assurance “保证，担保，确信”；safety “安全，保险”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷13
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题The （）of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually makes jobs easier to do.问题1选项A.additionB.applicationC.associationD.affection【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
addition “添加”；application “应用；申请”；association “协会；联盟”；affection “感情；影响”。
句意：新的科学发现应用在工业生产上使得工作更容易。
选项B符合题意。
2.单选题The great use of school education is not so much to teach you things（）to teach you the art of learning.问题1选项A.thanB.rather thanC.norD.as【答案】D【解析】考查固定用法。
Not so much…as 表示“不是··· ···而是··· ···”。
句意：学校教育的重大作用不是教给你什么而是教给你学习的方法。
选项D符合题意。
3.单选题The roof（） under the weight of the snow.问题1选项A.fellB.submergedC.collapsedD.descended【答案】C4.单选题Many years ago, a lot of factories were（） from big cities to the mountainous areas in case of war.问题1选项A.transferredB.transformedC.transmittedD.transported【答案】A【解析】考查形似动词词义辨析。
吉林大学考博英语真题精解
吉林大学考博英语真题精解Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question.The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.Sad to say,this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.But the sources of distrust go way deeper.Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates（patterns）into which they plug each day's events.In other words,there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers,which helps explain why the standard templates of the newsroom seem alien to many readers.In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle size cities around the country,plus one large metropolitan area.Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.Replies show that compared with other Americans,journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods,have maids,own Mercedeses,and trade stocks,and they're less likely to go to church,do volunteer work,or put down roots in a community.Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite,so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite.The astonishing distrust of the news media isn't rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.This is an explosive situation for any industry,particularly a declining one.Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers.Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers.But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about.If it did,it would open up its diversity program,now focused narrowly on race and gender,and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook,values,education,and class.59.What is the passage mainly about?[A]Needs of the readers all over the world.[B]Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers.[C]Origins of the declining newspaper industry.[D]Aims of a journalism credibility project.60.The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be________.[A]quite trustworthy[B]somewhat contradictory[C]very illuminating[D]rather superficial61.The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their________.[A]working attitude[B]conventional lifestyle[C]world outlook[D]educational background62.Despite its efforts,the newspaper industry still cannot satisfy the readers owing to its________.[A]failure to realize its real problem[B]tendency to hire annoying reporters[C]likeliness to do inaccurate reporting[D]prejudice in matters of race and gender重点词汇：journalism/5dVE：nElizEm/（新闻；新闻业）即journal+ism，journal （期刊；日志），-ism后缀。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第15期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Since you changed lanes without signaling, you are as much to（）for the accident as us. 问题1选项A.blameB.accusationC.condemnationD.charge【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
blame“责任，过失”；accusation“指责，谴责”；condemnation “谴责，定罪”；charge “控告，控诉”。
句意：由于你变道前没开转向灯，你就应该像我们一样对这次事故负责。
选项A符合题意。
2.单选题Communication is the process of a message（） from a source to an audience via a channel.问题1选项A.shiftingB.transmittingC.submittingD.transforming【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
shift “转移；改变；替换”；transmit “传输；传播”；submit “使服从；呈递”；transform “改变，使变形；转换”。
句意：通信是消息通过渠道从出处传播给观众的过程。
选项B符合题意。
3.单选题Some sports equipment requires a special（） .问题1选项A.insulationB.preservationC.snapD.grip【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
insulation “绝缘，隔离，孤立”；preservation “保存，保留”；snap “猛咬，劈啪声”；grip “紧握，柄，支配”。
句意：有些体育器材需要特殊存放。
选项B符合题意。
4.单选题The phrase “progressive education” is one, if not protest, at least of contrast, of contrast with an education which was predominantly static in subject-matter, authoritarian in methods, and mainly passive and receptive from the side of the young. But the philosophy of education must go beyond any idea of education that is formed by way of contrast, reaction and protest, for it is an attempt to discover what education is and how it takes place. Only when we identify education with schooling does it seem to be a simple thing to tell what education actually is, and yet a clear idea of what it is gives us our only criterion for judging anddirecting what goes on in schools.It is sometimes supposed that it is the business of the philosophy of education to tell what education should be. But the only way of deciding what education should be, at least, theonly way which does not lead us into the clouds, is discovery of what education takes place when education really occurs. And before we can formulate a philosophy of education we must know human nature is constituted in the concrete;we must know about the working of actual social forces;we must know about the operations through which basic raw materials are modified into something of greater value. The need for a philosophy of education is thus fundamentally the need for finding out what education really is. We have to take those cases in which we find there is a real development of desirable powers, and then find out how this development took place. Then we can project what has taken place in these instances as a guide for directing our other efforts. The need for this discovery and this projection is the need for a philosophy of education.What then is education when we find actual satisfactory specimens of it in existence? In the first place, it is a process of development, of growth. And it is the process and not merely the result that is important. A truly healthy person is not something fixed and completed. He is a person whose processes and activities go on in such a way that he will continue to be healthy. Similarly, an educated person is the person who has the power to go on and get more education.In any case, development and growth involve change, modification, and modification in definite directions. It is quite possible for a teacher, under the supposed sanction of the idea of cultivating individuality, to fixate a pupil more or less at his existing level. Respect for individuality is primarily intellectual. It signifies studying the individual to see what is there to work with. Having this sympathetic understanding, the practical work then begins, for the practical work is one of modification, of changing, of reconstruction continued without end. The change must at least be towards more effective techniques, towards greater self-reliance, towards a more thoughtful and inquiring disposition, one more capable of persistent effort in meeting obstacles.1.According to the author, the philosophy of education（） .2.The philosophy of education is supposed to（） .3.The chief task of the philosophy of education is to（） .4.The significance of desirable education lies （）.5.What can we learn from the last paragraph? （），问题1选项A.is the same as the conception of progressive educationB.studies the essence of education and the way it occursC.conforms to any idea of education that is conservative and authoritarianD.deals with the judgment and direction of school management 问题2选项A.result from real understanding of occurrences in actual schoolingB.be the only way leading to obscure understanding of educationC.have taken place when education first came into existenceD.be the basis on which decisions on practical education are formulated问题3选项A.analyze the constitution of human nature in great detailB.clarify the practical effects of social forces on educationC.present how raw materials are made into valuable goodsD.find out the ways of how to bring out the best human faculties问题4选项A.more in its operation than in its modificationB.less in its modification than in its operationC.not only in its result but also in its processD.rather in its process than in its result问题5选项A.The supposed approval of the idea of cultivating individuality is reasonable.B.Modification refers to making a pupil develop in a fixed direction.C.To respect individuality means to discover whether an individual is worth modifying.D.True education should be based on cultivating a student according to his/her natural talent.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.文章第一段第二句在解释什么是“教育原理”时提到“it is an attempt to discover what education is and how it takes p lace”，选项B符合题意。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：59
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Some of this meat came from Canada. How about （）?问题1选项A.anotherB.othersC.the otherD.the rest【答案】D【解析】考查不可数名词的指代。
meat 是不可数名词，前面三个选项一般用来知道可数名词，所以不符合题意。
选项D既可以指代可数名词，也可以指代不可数名词，符合题意。
句意：这里一部分肉来自加拿大，那剩下的呢？2.单选题Some British universities are state-supported, others are privately（） and still others are supported by religious origination.问题1选项A.ensuredB.attributedC.authorizedD.endowed【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
ensure “保证，确保”；attribute “归属，把··· ···归于”；authorize “批准，认可”；endow “资助，捐赠”。
根据前半句句意“一些英国大学是政府创建的”，后半句“其他有些由宗教组织资助”，可以推出空格处要填入support的同义词，所以选项D符合题意。
3.单选题The employer must（） that the applications for the post have the proper qualifications. 问题1选项A.justifyB.verifyC.warrantD.perceive【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
justify “证明··· ···是正当的；替··· ···辩护”；verify “核实；查证”；warrant “保证；担保”；perceive “察觉，感觉”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：66
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题If you divide 7 by 3, you have 1 （）问题1选项A.left overB.left outC.left offD.left about【答案】A【解析】考查动词词组辨析。
left over “剩下，遗留”；left out “被遗忘，忽略”；left off “停止，中断”；left about “乱丢，乱放”。
句意：七除以三还余一。
选项A符合句意。
2.翻译题The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their foreign counterparts.Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuade and how compromise, is reached within the culture of the negotiation.In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as wealthyand impersonal. It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multimillion-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiator's role becomes that of an impersonal purveyor of information and cash.In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while undermining the negotiator’s position.Two traits in particular those cause cross-cultural misunderstandings are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore，American negotiators, often insist on realizing short-term benefits. Foreign negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits. In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator.Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success for negotiators. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding.【答案】国际贸易以及海外投资的增长促使了对具有语言知识和跨文化交流技巧的人才的需求的出现。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：65
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Tight shoes（） my feet.问题1选项A.irritateB.smartC.acheD.bruise【答案】D【解析】考查词义辨析。
Irritate “激怒；使兴奋”，动词；smart “聪明的”，形容词；ache “疼痛”，名词；bruise “擦伤”，名词或者动词。
句意：这双鞋子太紧了，把我的脚给擦伤了。
选项D符合题意。
2.单选题One of the requirements for a fire is that the material（）to its burning temperature. 问题1选项A.be heatedB.is heatedC.would heatedD.to heated 【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。
requirement为主语，所以后面应该使用虚拟语气，后面的动词形式是should do，表示“要求··· ···，其中should是可以省略的。
Material与heat之间应该是被动语态，所以应该是should be heated，其中should可以省略，所以选项A符合题意。
3.单选题They（） his claim of innocence with eye-witness testimony问题1选项A.objectedB.opposedC.contradictedD.refuted【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
object “反对（一般与介词to搭配使用）”；oppose “反对；对抗，抗争”；contradict “反驳；否定；与··· ···矛盾”；refute “驳斥”。
句意：他们用目击者的证词来驳斥他声称自己无辜。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第50期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题（）, he remains very modest.问题1选项A.Though his contributionsB.He made great contributionsC.For all his great contributionsD.However his great contributions【答案】C【解析】考查语法知识。
Though 与however为连词，后面要接句子，不能接名词，所以选项A和D排除；选项B是一个完整的句子，空格后面也是一个完整的句子，中间没有任何连词，所以选项B排除。
选项C 符合题意。
2.单选题Relief organizations have contributed （）money to famine in Africa.问题1选项A.both time andB.time butC.neither time andD.neither time nor 【答案】A【解析】考查连接词的用法。
句意：救援组织为非洲的饥荒出钱出力。
选项A符合题意。
3.单选题As long as we don’t lose heart, I believe we can achieve our goal（） .问题1选项A.in the long runB.in the first placeC.on the wholeD.at least【答案】A【解析】考查介词词组辨析。
in the long run “从长远来看；最终”；in the first place “首先;起初”；on the whole “基本上；就全体而论”；at least “至少”。
句意：只要我们不失去信心，那么我相信我们最终可以达成我们的目标。
选项A符合题意。
4.单选题Art that endures often makes an initially disturbing impact: the profound experience that such art seeks to provoke necessarily engenders a certain（） .问题1选项A.familiarityB.ennuiC.upheavalD.intimacy【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷3
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题The people will rebel if they feel that they are excluded （）sharing the wealth of the country.问题1选项A.outB.byC.fromD.without【答案】C【解析】考察短语搭配。
be excluded from “从··· ···中被排除”是固定搭配。
选项C符合题意。
句意：如果他们觉得自己被排除在国家财富分享之外，人民就会起来反抗。
选项C符合题意。
2.单选题Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication （）the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.问题1选项A.in whichB.in this wayC.in thatD.in order that【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。
空格后面是一个完整的句子，不缺任何主要成分。
in which 引导定语从句，可以排除；in this way “以··· ···的方式”，不符合题意。
in that 在句中引导原因状语从句，符合句意：广告与其他的交流方式不同，因为广告人需要为要发表的信息付费。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure（）问题1选项A.and more on efficiencyB.than more on efficiencyC.and more efficiencyD.than efficiency以介词on 不能缺少，选项A符合题意。