正确答案2015年秋季《英语国家概况(阅读)》在线作业
2015春英语国家概况(阅读)判断正误
1．第1题A great moment for the civil rights movement was the March on Washington on August, 1963 when President Kennedy gave the famous " I Have a Dream" speech.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.02．第2题It is not very difficult to generalize about the American way of life.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.03．第3题The most exciting moment in baseball game is a homerun.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.04．第4题According the First Amendament to the Constitution of the United States, there would be a state-supported religion.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.05．第5题In the US, scientific and economic advance and rising material progress have been accompanied by a decline in religious observance.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.06．第6题When people outside the UK talk about England,they mistake it as Britain sometimes.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.07．第7题Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.08．第8题Free press has the function of keeping an eye on the government, and therefore it is called the watchdog of parliamentary democracy.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.09．第9题In Britain, class and educational differences are reflected in the newspaper people read.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.010．第10题The world' s oldest daily newspaper is The Observer.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.011．第11题Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.012．第12题Under a Constitutional Amendament passed in 1951, a president can be elected to only one term.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.013．第13题The 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individuals by the government are called the Bill of Rights.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.014．第14题Super Bowl will decide the champion baseball team of the year in the US.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.015．第15题Ireland is part of Great Britain您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.016．第16题Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.017．第17题Northern Ireland today is governed by separate juristictions: that of Republic of Ireland and that of Great Britain.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.018．第18题Critics of the affirmative action programs are of the opinion that this results in reverse discrimination.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.019．第19题Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.020．第20题" We Shall Overcome!" is a very famous song during the 1960s.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.021．第21题The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US now is the blacks, or Afro-Americans.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.022．第22题George Washington, Banjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regarded as the founing fathers of the USA.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.023．第23题Drug abuse in the US has come to be regarded asone of the most challenging social problems facing the nation.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.024．第24题Yellowstone National Park is the oldest national park in the US.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.025．第25题John F. Kennedy was the first Catholic elected as the US president.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.026．第26题The theory of poltiics of the American Revolution came from John Locke, a French philosopher in the 17th century.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.027．第27题Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.028．第28题It is no doubt that Britain is the oldest representative democracy in the world.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.029．第29题Queen Elizabeth II is both the head of the state and the head of government in the UK.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.030．第30题Secrecy is an important part of the voting process.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.031．第31题The Labour Party is the oldest party in the UK.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.032．第32题The Conservative Party is the party that spent most time in power.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.033．第33题The first English permanent settlement was founded in California.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.034．第34题The purpose of British education is not only to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills but also to socialize children.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.035．第35题Public schools in the UK are part of the national education system and funded by the government.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.036．第36题You must have the A-level qualification to enter British university.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.037．第37题Britain is no longer an imperial country.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.038．第38题Scotland was never conquered by the Romans.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.039．第39题The tradition of having Sunday off derived from the Christian Church.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.040．第40题Segregating blacks into separate schools was unconstitutional after the decision of the Supreme Court in 1954.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.041．第41题The US was founded on the principle of human equality, and in reality the nation has lived up to that ideal.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.042．第42题In the early 20th century, those dominating American life were mostly WASPs.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.043．第43题In 1863, President Lincoln signed The Emancipation Proclamation which together with the 13th Amendament to the Constitution legally abolished the slavery.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.044．第44题There are more Catholics thatn Protestants in the US.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.045．第45题The Commonwealth of Nations includes all European countries.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.046．第46题Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called " Gaelic" .您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.047．第47题The title of Prince of Wales is held by a Welsh according to tradition.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.048．第48题The British media play an important role in shaping a national culture.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.049．第49题To advertise in a British newspaper, the only thing you have to worry about is the cost.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.050．第50题The game of golf was invented by the Scottish.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.051．第51题Horse racing is the true royal sport.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.052．第52题The president has the authority to appointfederal judges, and all such court appointment are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.053．第53题There is more violence in the US than in other industrialized countries.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.054．第54题The state of Hawaii is a big island in the central Pacific Ocean.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.055．第55题Most British people are Protestants while most Irish people are Catholics.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.056．第56题The Good Friday Agreement was approved on 10 April 1998.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.057．第57题According to the textbook, larger American universities are always better, and more desirable universities are always more expensive.您的答案：错误此题得分：1.058．第58题American university students have always liked to get degrees that are aimed at preparing them specifically for certain professions.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.059．第59题The anti-war teach-in by white students in Berkeley began the civil rights movement in the 1960s.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.060．第60题When the civil rights movement began,non-violent, direct action tactics like "sit-ins" and boycotts were he chief vehicle for social protest.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.061．第61题President Nixon' s administration was toppled because of the Watergate Affair.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.062．第62题In the 1960s, three groups - Afro-Americans, Asia Americans and women - were dissatisfied with their lives.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.063．第63题Hollywood films give the wrong impressions that all Americans are rich.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.064．第64题Thre are more than 100 Protestants sects in the US today.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.065．第65题Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.066．第66题It is commonly believed that Boxing Day involved the sport of boxing.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.067．第67题Britain has a written constitution like most countries.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.068．第68题In Britain, the process of state-building has been one of evolution rather than revoltuion, in contrast to France and the US.您的答案：正确此题得分：1.069．第69题In the UK, a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstances.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.070．第70题According to the textbook, there are two major political parties in the UK.您的答案：错误题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.071．第71题Aristrocracy as a class no longer exists in the UK.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.072．第72题Northern Ireland is often called " Ulster" after an ancient Irish kingdom once existed in this area.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.073．第73题By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America were ready to separate themselves from Europe.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.074．第74题The British state actively interferes with the decision of when, where, how and what children are taught.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.075．第75题All secondary schools in Britain are run and supervised by the government.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.076．第76题The Open Univeristy uses many non-traditional ways to teach students, such as TV and radio broadcasts, correspondence, videos, and a network of study centers.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.077．第77题The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied to the majority of the British people.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.078．第78题Scotland was unified with England through violent means.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.079．第79题One of the things that decides whether an applicant can be accepted by a college in the USis his/her scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.080．第80题It takes at least four years to get a bachelor' s degree from an institution of higher education in the US.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.0作业总得分：99.0。
英语国家概况试题和答案
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For ea chunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements or answers the question.1. The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and 1960s was based o nthe theory of ____.A. Adam Smith A. Adam Smith B B . John Maynard KeynesC. Margaret ThatcherD. Karl Marx2. In the 1970s Britain maintained the _____ growth rate and the _____ inflation 通货膨胀通货膨胀 rate among the developed countries. rate among the developed countries.A. lowest/lowestB. highest/highestC. lowest/highestD. highest/lowest3. Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced _______.A. economic recession A. economic recession B B . economic expansionC. economic declineD. economic depression4. In Britain service industries account for about ____ of its gross domes tic product (GDP).tic product (GDP).国内生产总值国内生产总值国内生产总值A. one-third A. one-third B B . two-thirdsC. three-fifthsD. four-fifths5. The following are the reasons why British coal mining is today called a"sick" industry except _____.存款，定金A. Britain has used up almost all coal depositsBritain has used up almost all coal deposits 存款，定金存款，定金B. the demand for British coal has declinedC. petroleum, water power, and electric power are replacing coal formany purposesD. the old British mines are narrow and deep, making it difficult tosue machines fro mining.6. Which of the following is not true of British iron and steel industry?A. Britain's steel industry is declining.B. No more new discoveries of iron ore have been found in Britain.C. Supplies of iron ore are now mostly foreign.D. Compared with newer plants in the world, Britain's steelworks arenot efficient.is world famous for _____.劳斯莱斯 is world famous for _____.7. Rolls-Royce劳斯莱斯A. machine toolsB. household appliances昂贵的汽车C. luxury automobilesluxury automobiles 昂贵的汽车昂贵的汽车D. high-quality knives and hand tools8. Why is it that Britain today imports more clothing than it exports?A. British clothing is of poor quality.B. Britain does not grow cotton.C. Many countries with lower costs can produce clothing more cheaply than the British can.D. Britain has a highly developed transportation system.9. The area between _____ and ______ is now often referred to as the "Silicon Glen". "Silicon Glen". 硅谷硅谷硅谷A. London/South WalesB. the Oxford/the CambridgeC. London/the Cambridge C. London/the CambridgeD.D. Glasgow 格拉斯哥格拉斯哥/Edinburgh /Edinburgh /Edinburgh 爱丁堡爱丁堡爱丁堡10. Which of the following is not true of Britain's agriculture?A. British farming is highly mechanized.B. Agriculture in Britain is intensive.C. British farming is very efficient.D. Britain's agriculture can produce enough food for its people.11. Which area is called the Garden of England and is famous for beautifu l blossoms in spring?A . The county of Kent 肯特英国东南部肯特英国东南部 in southeastern England. in southeastern England.B. The county of East Sussex in southern England.C. The county of West Sussex in southern England.D. The county of Essex in eastern England.12. Britain once imported chiefly _____ and exported mostly ______.A. manufactured products/raw materialsB. raw materials/manufactured products raw materials/manufactured products 工业产品工业产品工业产品C. foods/mineralsD. minerals/foods13. Britain's leading customers and suppliers are France, Germany and _____.A. JapanB. BelgiumC. the Netherlands C. the NetherlandsD.D. the United States14. Which of the following is not true of Britain's foreign trade?A. The value of Britain's exports of goods usually exceeds the value of its imports.B. The value of Britain's imports of goods usually exceeds B. The value of Britain's imports of goods usually exceeds 超出超出the value of its exports.C. Manufactured goods now account for about 85% of British imports and about 80% of its exports.D. Most of the United Kingdom's trade is with other developedcountries,especially other members of the European union .15. The European union (EU) is an organization of 15 _____ that promote scooperation among its members.A. European countriesB. developed countriesC. Western European countriesD. Southern European countries16. Which of the following is not true of the European union ?A. The United States is also a member of the EU.B. The members of the EU cooperate in many areas, including politics and economics.C. The EU is a major economic unit.D. The combined value of the union 's imports and exports is greater than that of any single country in the world.17. Headquarters of the European union are in ______.A. Paris, FranceB. London, BritainC. Berlin, Germany C. Berlin, GermanyD.D. Brussels, Brussels,布鲁塞尔布鲁塞尔布鲁塞尔 Belgium Belgium Belgium 比利时比利时比利时18. _____ started as a trading post of the Roman Empire about AD 43.A. The City of Westminster A. The City of Westminster B B . The City of LondonC. West End of LondonD. East End of London19. Today, the City of London is the business center of London where _____are located.A. big supermarketsB. theatres and cinemasC. large financial organizationsD. restaurants and cafes20. What is Lloyd'20. What is Lloyd'劳合社劳合社s?A. It is a famous bank.B. It is a big department store.C. It is a famous insurance company.D. It is a large hotel.1.B2.C3.B4.B5.A6.B7.C8.C9.D 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.C 16.A 17.D 18.B 19.C 20.CI. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For e achunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements or answers the question.1. Traditional farming involved the open field village, a system that date d back to the ____century.A. 4th A. 4th B B . 5thC. 6thD. 7th2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The open field system provided a good opportunity to experiment.B. The open field system wasted land.C. The open field system was wasteful of labor and time.D. The open field system made livestock farming difficult.3. Which of the following statements is NOT considered a characteristic o f farming in the late 18th and early 19th centuries?A. Use of artificial fertilizer.B. Introduction of new agricultural machinery.C. The 'Open-field' system.D. A system of crop rotation.4. Land enclosure 圈地圈地 was a disaster for the ____evicted was a disaster for the ____evicted 收回财产收回财产 from thei from thei r land by the enclosures.A. landlords A. landlordsB. B. tenants tenants 承租人承租人承租人C. farmersD. wage laborers5. In Ireland and Scottish Highlands land enclosure led to mass emigratio n, particularly to ____.A. AfricaB. Eastern EuropeC. Asia C. AsiaD.D. The New World6. By the early 19th century, Britain had a road network of some ____mile s. s. 英里英里英里A. 115,000B. 120,000C . 125,000 D. 130,0007. In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections befor e____.A . 1918 B. 1920C. 1928D. 19458. In 1836 a group of ____and small shopkeepers formed the London Working Men's Association.A. householdersB. tenantsC. skilled workersD. office workers9. The six points of the People's Charter 人民宪章人民宪章 were achieved graduall were achieved graduall y over the period of ____, although the sixth has never been practical. y over the period of ____, although the sixth has never been practical. 可实施可实施的A. 1836-1848B. 1842-1848C. 1848-1908C. 1848-1908D. D. 1858-191810. Parliament passed the Combination Acts 联盟行动联盟行动 of 1799-1800 to forbi of 1799-1800 to forbi d the formation d the formation 形成形成of ____.A. a new governmentB. societiesC. communes C. communes D D . union s11. The Labor Party 劳动党劳动党 had its origins in the ____, which was formed i had its origins in the ____, which was formed i n January,1893.A. Independent Labor PartyB. Grand National Consolidated Trade unionC. Amalgamated Society of EngineersD. Trade union Congress12. Thanks to the militant feminist movement 基金女权主义运动基金女权主义运动 of the ____le of the ____le d by Mrs. Pankhurst before the First World War, votes were granted to women ove r 30 in 1918.A. LudditesB. Suffragettes Suffragettes 男女平等主义者男女平等主义者男女平等主义者C. ChartistsD. Levellers13. The spark of the First World War was struck at Sarajevo 13. The spark of the First World War was struck at Sarajevo 萨拉热窝萨拉热窝on Jun e 28, ____, when the Austrian Crown Prince Franz Ferdinand 弗朗茨·费迪南德 wa s assassinated by 暗杀暗杀 a Serbian nationalist. a Serbian nationalist. a Serbian nationalist. 塞尔维亚民族主义者塞尔维亚民族主义者塞尔维亚民族主义者A. 1913B. 1914C. 1915D. 191614. As a result of the First World War settlement the ____was establishe d in 1920.A. League of Nations 国际联盟国际联盟B. British CommonwealthC. British East India CompanyD. United Nations15. After World War I political unrest 15. After World War I political unrest 不安不安in Britain led to ____general elections elections 大选大选in just over 5 years.A. 2B. 3C . 4 D. 516. The Blitz 闪电战闪电战 radically radically 根本上根本上 changed the face of London for the fir changed the face of London for the fir st time since ____nearly 3 centuries earlier.A. the Black Death A. the Black Death B B . the Great FireC. the Civil WarD. the Great Plague17. The foundations of ____was laid in the late 1940s, providing free medi cal care for everyone and financial help for the old, the sick and the unemployed.A . the welfare state . the welfare state 福利国家福利国家福利国家B. the National Health ServiceC. the compulsory educationD. the Women's Liberation Movement18. In the 1960s Pop music underwent a revolution when the Beatles became world famous and turned their hometown of ____into a place of pilgrimage. world famous and turned their hometown of ____into a place of pilgrimage. 圣地圣地圣地A. ManchesterB. BlackpoolC. Liverpool 利物浦利物浦D. Sheffield D. Sheffield19. The 1970s saw the growth of ___in Wales and Scotland.A. liberalismB. MarxismC. chauvinismD. nationalism20. Margaret Thatcher玛格丽特·撒切尔believed in the following except___ _.A. self-relianceB. the strengthening of trade union sthe strengthening of trade union s 公会公会公会C. privatizationD. the use of monetary policies to control inflation1.B2.A3.C4.B5.D6.C7. A8.C9. D 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.C 19.D 20.B1. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University in Britain.A. 70B. 80C. 90D. 1002. Some _____ per cent of secondary schools in England are grant-maintained(GM) self-governing schools.A. 10B. 15C. 20D. 253. The universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from the ____ centuries.A. 12th and 13thB. 13th and 14thC. 14th and 15thD. 15th and 16th4. Over ____ science parks have been set up by higher education institutio nsin conjunction with industrial scientists and technologists.A. 10B. 20C. 30D. 405. With about _____ daily and Sunday newspapers published nationwide, the British public reads more newspapers than virtually any other country inthe world.A. 110B. 120C. 130D. 1406. The BBC World Service broadcasts international news worldwide, using English and ____ other languages.A. 37B. 38C. 39D. 407. In summer there are open-air theatres, including one in London's Regent 'sPark, where ____ are performed, and the Minack Theatre, which is an open cliffside near Land's End in Cornwall.A. William Shakespeare's playsB. Christopher Marlowe's playsC. Ben Johnson's playsD. George Bernard Shaw's plays8. Pantomime is a kind of play based on a traditional fairy tale and per- formed ____.A. at EasterB. on New Year's DayC. on St. Patrick's DayD. at Christmas time9. Edinburgh International Festival of Music and Drama takes place for a period of 3 to 4 weeks between ____ when Edinburgh becomes a center ofcultural activity.A. July and AugustB. August and SeptemberC. September and OctoberD. October and November10. In ____ each year the National Film Theatre hosts the London Film Fes -tival, at which some 250 new films from all over the world are screened.A. SeptemberB. OctoberC. NovemberD. December1. C2. B3. A4. D5. C6. B7. A8. D9. B 10. C1. The National Health Service was established in the United Kingdom in_____.A. 1946B. 1947C. 1948D. 19492. Prescription charges do not apply to the following people except ____.A. self-employed peopleB. child under 16C. war and armed forces disablement pensionersD. women aged 60 and over and men aged 65 and over3. NHS has suffered from under-funding in recent decades, as a result of which many ______ people have been turning to private medical health care. A. working class B. elderlyC. educatedD. better-off4. Britain ahs about ______ million adults with one or more disabilities, ofwhom around 7 percent live in communal establishments.A. 4B. 5C. 6D. 75. Most pregnant working women receive their statutory maternity pay direc tlyfrom their employer for a maximum of _____ weeks.A. 17B. 18C. 19D. 206. The Church of England is not free to change its form of worship, as laiddown in _____ without the consent of Parliament.A. the Bill of RightsB. the Provisions of OxfordC. the Constitutions of ClarendonD. the Book of Common Prayer7. The position of the Church of Scotland was defined in the Treaty of uni on ,1707, and further safeguarded by the Church of Scotland Act, ______.A. 1921B. 1922C. 1923D. 19248. The Salvation Army is served by 1,800 officers (ordained ministers) andruns more than _____ worship centers.A. 500B. 1,000C. 1,500D. 2,0009. At Christmas, the home is decorated with the following except _____.A. colorful paper chainsB. leaves of holly and mistletoeC. a young fir-treeD. firecrackers10. Easter is traditionally associated with the following except ____.A. the resurrection of ChristB. the eating of Easter eggsC. the custom of giving presentsD. the coming of spring1. C2. A3. D4. C5. B6. D7. A8. B9. D 10. CI. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For ea chunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. The first known settlers of Britain were the ____.A. CeltsB. IberiansC. Beaker FolkD. Romans2. The Celts' religion was ____.A. BuddhismB. IslamC. DruidismD. Christianity3. Roman control was only effective in ____.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. LondonD. The southeast of Britain4. Christianity was first brought to England by the ____.A. RomansB. CeltsC. Anglo-SaxonsD. Danes5. The Romans remained in control of Britain for nearly 400 years and theypulled out in ____.A. 306 ADB. 410 ADC. 446 ADD. 1066 AD6. Which of the following tribes came to Britain first?A. The Angles.B. The Saxons.C. The Gaels.D. The Jutes.7. ____ became the first real king of England, though he did not assume thatstyle.A. OffaB. EgbertC. VortigernD. Hengist8. ____ became the first Archbishop of Canterbury.A. ColumbaB. EthelbertC. St. AugustineD. Egbert9. The Vikings began to attack various parts of England from the end of the____century.A. 7thB. 8thC. 9thD.10th10. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A. The Anglo-Saxons.B. The Normans.C. The Vikings.D. The Romans11. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Alfred the Great started the English navy.B. Alfred the Great reorganized the Saxon any, making it moreefficient.C. Alfred the Great established schools and formulated a legal System.D. Alfred the Great impose a tax, called the Danegeld, on the Saxons.12. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Canute was chosen by the Witan as king of England.B. Canute was a warrior king and fought many battles against theNormans.C. Canute divided power between Danes and Saxons.D. Canute forced Malcolm II, king of the Scots, to recognize him asoverlord.13. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Edward the Confessor was more French than English.B. Edward the Confessor filled his court with 'foreign' favorites.C. Edward the Confessor was on very good terms with his father-in-law,Earl Godwin.D. Edward the Confessor appointed a Norman priest Archbishop ofCanterbury.14. When Edward the Confessor died, ____was chosen by the Witan as king OfEngland.A. the king of NorwayB. Harold Godwinson, Earl of WessexC. Edgar, Edward's nephewD. Tostig, the deposed Earl of Northumbria15. Tostig, Harold's brother, joined____, and made an attempt to recover hislost earldom of Northumbria.A. Harold Hardrada, King of NorwayB. Edgar, Edward's nephewC. Malcolm II, King of the ScotsD. Hardicanute16. William, Duke of Normandy, fought King Harold of England at the Battle ofHastings in____.A. 1086B. 1066C. 1035D. 138117. William won the Battle of Hastings. Later, on____, he was crowned king ofEngland.A. Easter DayB. St. Andrew's DayC. Christmas DayD. Boxing Day18. William, Duke of Normandy, is now known as____.A. William the ConfessorB. William Lion-HeartC. the father of the British navyD. William the Conqueror19. Most of the land belonging to the Saxons was confiscated by William andgiven to____.A. the Norman baronsB. the DanesC. the IrishD. the Scots20. The Norman Conquest is perhaps ____event in English history.A. a triflingB. the best-knownC. a horrifyingD. a sensational1. B2. C3. D4. A5. B6. C7. B8. C9. B l0.A 11. D 12.B l3.C l4. B l5. A 16. B 17. C l8.D 19. A 20. BPart of BritainI. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each un finished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements or answers the question.1. The United Kingdom is located in ____.A. northern EuropeB. western EuropeC. northwestern EuropeD. southeastern Europe2. The two large islands that make up the British Isles are ____.A. Scotland and IrelandB. Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and Northern IrelandD. Great Britain and Ireland3. The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or theCommonwealth of Nations in ____.A. 1921B. 1931C. 1945D. 19504. The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries____.A. that were once colonies of BritainB. that have a large number of British immigrantsC. that have close relations with BritainD. that have fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars5. The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from ____.A. DenmarkB. BelgiumC. FranceD. the Netherlands6. England has three main land regions. They are the Southwestern Plateau,the Pennines, and ___.A. the Eastern PlainB. the HighlandC. the Central LowlandsD. the Southern Uplands7. Scotland occupies the ____ third of the island of Great Britain in the British Isles.A. southernB. northernC. easternD. western8. Northern Ireland, which takes up the northern fifth of Ireland, is a fourth political division of ____.A. the United KingdomB. IrelandC. ScotlandD. Wales9. Britain’s longest rivers are ____. 9. Britain’s longest rivers are ____.A. the Severn and the ClydeB. the Thames and the ClydeC. the Clyde and the HumberD. the Severn and the Thames10. The largest lake in the British Isles is ____.A. Loch LomondB. Loch NeaghC. WindermereD. Ullswater11. Britain’s climate is influenced by____, a warm o 11. Britain’s climate is influenced by____, a warm ocean current that passes cean current that passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.A. the North Atlantic DriftB. the Brazil CurrentC. the Labrador CurrentD. the Falkland Current12. The English people and the English language were born from the unionof ____.A. the Angles and the SaxonsB. Germanic conquerors and the Norman FrenchC. Danes or Vikings and the Norman FrenchD. Norman conquerors and the defeated Anglo-Saxons13. Generally speaking the English southerners speak the type of Englishcloser to ____.B. the Queen’s EnglishA. the CockneyB. the Queen’s EnglishC. the GaelicD. the BBC English14. Although Wales has been united with England for more than 400 years, theWelsh has kept alive ____.A. their own languageB. their own literatureC. their own traditionD. All of the above15. The Eisteddfod is a(n) ____ festival of poetry, music and other arts.A. EnglishB. ScottishC. WelshD. Irish16. Nowadays the Gaelic language, which is an ancient____, is still heard inthe Highlands and the Western Isles.A. Scottish languageB. English languageC. Irish languageD. Celtic language17. Many Scottish names begin w 17. Many Scottish names begin with M’, Mc or Mac, which means__ ith M’, Mc or Mac, which means__ ith M’, Mc or Mac, which means__A. father ofB. sun ofC. son ofD. some of18. In Northern Ireland ____ make up the dominant group.A. Roman CatholicsB. English ProtestantsC. non-religious peopleD. Jewish people19. Northern Ireland is small, but it is significant because of the__A. the economic problemsB. the political troublesC. the immigration issuesD. the national identity20. About three million people have migrated to Britain since World War ll. They are mainly from the West Indies, India and____.A. IndonesiaB. SingaporeC. Hong KongD. Pakistankey 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.B1l.A 12.D 13.D l4.D 15.C 16.D 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.D。
2015春华南师范大学《英语国家概况》在线练习及满分答案
2015春华南师范大学《英语国家概况》在线练习及满分答案1．第7题Which of the following is NOT true about life peers?A.They are not from the aristocratic families.B.They cannot sit in the House of Lords.C.They earned their titles through their outstanding achievement.D.the titles cannot be inherited by their children.标准答案：B2．第10题The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by ____.A.King ArthurB.Robin HoodC.Oliver CromwellD.William the Conqueror标准答案：D3．第11题Which of the following statements is NOT correct? When the Constitution was written, ___.A.there was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.B.there was no Bill of Rights.C.the Constitution did not have any words guaranteeing the freedoms or the basic rights and privileges of citizens.D.“Bill of Rights” was added to the Constitution 4 years after the Constitution was made.标准答案：A4．第12题Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Wales was invaded by the RomansB.Wales was occupied by the Anglo-SaxonsC.Wales was conquered by the NormansD.Wales was threatened by the English标准答案：B5．第13题Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queen’s role?A.The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B.The Queen symbolises the tradition and unity of the British state.C.The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.D.The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.标准答案：A6．第26题Which one of the following does NOT belong to the Protestant Church?A.QuakersB.PuritansC.BaptistsD.Catholics标准答案：D7．第27题Who is the leader of the Conservative party at present?A.Tony BlairB.Gordon BrownC.Margret ThatcherD.David Cameron标准答案：D8．第28题Who was the author of the popular play The Melting Pot which was associated with life in America since the late 18th century?A.Mark Twain.B.Stephen Crane.C.Henry James.D.Israel Zangwill.标准答案：D9．第29题Which of the following is NOT related to the Constitution?A.It is a written document which lists out the basic principles forgovernment.B.It is the foundation of British governance today.C.Conventions and Laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution.D.The common laws are part of the Constitution.标准答案：A10．第42题Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern IrelandB.Those who want to unite Northern Ireland with Britain are called UnionistsC.The Social Democratic and Labour Party is a very important political party in BritainD.Those who show their loyalty to the British Crown are called Loyalists 标准答案：C11．第43题Which of the following websites are meant to cater to young tastes?A.Baidu.B.Facebook.C.Teachbook.D.MySpace.标准答案：B12．第44题Which of the following is NOT a feature of the House of Lords?A.Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings.B.It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.C.The lords are expected to represent the interests of the public.D.Most of the lords in the House of Lords are males.标准答案：C13．第45题During the early stages of the civil rights movement, the major integration strategy initiated by the Congress of Racial Equality was known as ____ at bus stations in the South.A.Free speechB.sit-ins at lunch countersC.Teach-ins at interstate train stationsD.freedom rides标准答案：D14．第46题The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except ____.A.George WashingtonB.Thomas JeffersonC.William PennD.Benjamin Franklin标准答案：C15．第47题Which of the following description about the Conservative party is NOT true?A.It has been in power for an unusually long period of time.B.It prefers policies that protect individual’s rights.C.It receives a lot of the funding from big companies.D.It is known as a party of high taxation levels.标准答案：D16．第2题In the early 20th century, those dominating American life were mostly W ASPs.标准答案：正确17．第3题In the US, scientific and economic advance and rising material progress have been accompanied by a decline in religious observance.标准答案：错误18．第4题The president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointment are subject to confirmation by the House ofRepresentatives.标准答案：正确19．第5题When the civil rights movement began, non-violent, direct action tactics like " sit-ins" and boycotts were he chief vehicle for social protest.标准答案：正确20．第6题Queen Elizabeth II is both the head of the state and the head of government in the UK.标准答案：错误21．第20题There are more Catholics thatn Protestants in the US.标准答案：错误22．第21题Horse racing is the true royal sport.标准答案：正确23．第22题The state of Hawaii is a big island in the central Pacific Ocean.标准答案：错误24．第23题Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. 标准答案：正确25．第24题The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied to the majority of the British people.标准答案：正确26．第37题According the First Amendament to the Constitution of the United States, there would be a state-supported religion.标准答案：错误27．第38题The Commonwealth of Nations includes all European countries.标准答案：错误28．第39题There is more violence in the US than in other industrialized countries.标准答案：正确29．第40题Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.标准答案：正确30．第41题All secondary schools in Britain are run and supervised by the government.标准答案：错误31．第1题In 1215, some barons and the Chruch forced King John to sign the ____ to place some limits on the King' s poer.标准答案：Great Charter32．第8题1968 was a violent and tragic year in US history in which ______ and ____ were assassinated.标准答案：Kennedy, Martin Luthur King33．第9题BBC stands for ___.标准答案：British Broadcasting Company34．第17题A ___ system is one in which power is shared between central authority and its constituent parts.标准答案：federal35．第18题Public and private colleges depend on three sources of income: student tuition fee, ____ and government funding.标准答案：endowments36．第19题normally, a british government can be in power for ___ years, ａnd then it has to resign ａnd hold a general election.标准答案：537．第25题In Northern Ireland, if you support the Queen, you are called a ___; if you want Northern Ireland to remain part of the UK, you are called ____.标准答案：loyalist, unionist38．第34题In Northern Ireland, most Irish population are ____ while most British populatin are Protestants.标准答案：Catholic39．第35题The native people in the American continents are the ___.标准答案：Indians40．第36题In 1689, Parliament passed _____to ensure that the King would never be able to ignore Parliament.标准答案：the Bill of Rights41．第14题Senator标准答案：参议员42．第15题Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SATs)标准答案：学习能力测试43．第16题Commonwealth of Nations标准答案：英联邦44．第30题community college标准答案：社区学院45．第31题Check and Balance标准答案：权力制衡46．第32题The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 标准答案：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.047．第33题compulsory education标准答案：义务教育48．第48题The Bullet and the Ballot Box标准答案：暴力和民主手段49．第49题credit标准答案：学分50．第50题Eton Public School 标准答案：伊顿公学题目分数：2.0。
英语国家概况英国部分答案
Chapter One1.Blank fillings:1)England;2)Ben Nevis;3)North Sea;4)Britain;5)British;6)cotton;7)agricultural;8)Iberians;9)Birmingham;10)Liverpool2.Questions:1)To other Europeans, the best known quality of the British, and of the English in particular, is"reserve".2)The reluctance to communicate with others tends to give the impression of coldness, and it istrue that the English (except perhaps in the North) are nor noted for their generosity and hospitality. On the other hand, they are perfectly human behind their barrier of reserve, and may be quite pleased when a friendly stranger or foreigner succeeds for a time in breaking the barrier down.3)The English self-deprecation, mixed with their reserve, often produces a sort of general air ofindifference which appears to foreigners as a pose, difficult to understand and irritating.4)Along with the political campaign for home-rule there were groups who followed a moredirect method of pursuing Irish independence, engaging in guerilla or terrorist activities against British institutions and the British military forces. During the First World War and immediately after, this activity increased, sometimes brutally suppressed by British forces. 5)Yes, there are. The close long-standing relationship means that modern Wales lacks some ofthe outward signs of difference which Scotland possesses—its legal system and its education system are exactly the same as in England. Often official statistics are given for "England and Wales". However, Wales is different, and one of the key markers of that difference is the Welsh language—the old British Celtic tongue which is still in daily use.3. Terms for explanation:1) Union Jack: flag of United Kingdom: the flag of the United Kingdom, which combines the flags of England, Scotland, and Ireland.2) Lake District: region of mountains and lakes in Cumbria, northwestern England. The district extends about 50 km/30 mi from north to south and 40 km/25 mi from east to west.3) The Bible: also called the Holy Bible, the sacred book or Scriptures of Judaism and of Christianity.4) The Puritans: members of a group of Protestants in 16th- and 17th-century England and 17th-century America who believed in strict religious discipline and called for the simplification of acts of worship.5) Great Charter: document sealed by King John of England on June 15, 1215, in which he made a series of promises to his subjects that he would govern England and deal with his vassals according to the customs of feudal law (see Feudalism). Over the course of centuries, these promises have required governments in England (and in countries influenced by English tradition) to follow the law in dealing with their citizens.4. Analysis and comments:1) In the United Kingdom, the upper classes are the aristocracy and royalty, with wealth playing a less important role in class status. Many aristocratic peerages or titles have …seats‟ attached to them, with the holder of the title (e.g. Earl of Bristol) and his family being the custodians of the house, but not the owners. Many of these require high expenditures, so wealth is typically needed. Many aristocratic peerages and their homes are parts of estates, owned and run by the title holder with moneys generated by the land, rents, or other sources wealth. The middle class is the most contested of the three categories, the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the lower and upper classes. Lower class are those employed in low-paying wage jobs with very little economic security.2) It was sealed under oath by King John at Runnymede, on the bank of the River Thames near Windsor, England. Magna Carta was the first document forced onto a King of England by a group of his subjects, the feudal barons, in an attempt to limit his powers by law and protect their rights. The charter is widely known throughout the English speaking world as an important part of the protracted historical process that led to the rule of constitutional law in England and beyond.Chapter Two1.Blank fillings:1)parliamentary democracy;2)the House of Commons, the House of Lords;3)the House of Commons;4)the Queen;5)executive;6)constitution;7)European Union (EU)；8)military equipment;9)The Lord Chancellor;10)proven guilty2.Questions:1)The contemporary foreign policy of the UK is greatly influenced by its imperial history andalso by its geopolitical traits. Perhaps the most important single factor which influences British policy-makers is its history.2)The word "parliament" comes from the verb "to parley", that is, to discuss or talk. The termwas first used officially in 1236 to describe the gathering of feudal barons and representatives from counties and towns which the king occasionally summoned if he wanted to raise money.3)There are three major national parties: The Conservative party and the Labour party are thetwo biggest, and any general election is really about which of those two is going to govern.But there is a third important party, the Liberal Democrats, who usually receive up to about 20% of the votes: not enough to form a government, but enough to have a big impact on which of the other two parties does so. The Conservative Party spent most time in power4)The House of Commons.5)The party that wins most votes in general election and the leader of this winning party wouldbecome Prime Minister.3.Terms for explanation:1)Britain‟s legislature is made up of the House of Commons, the House of Lords and the kingin his constitutional role. The House of Commons has 651 elected Members of Parliament (MPs), who represent local constituencies. The center of parliamentary power is the House of Commons.2)The nonelected upper house of Parliament in the United Kingdom, made up of life peers,some hereditary peers, and some bishops.3)In British criminal trials the accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty. Trials are inopen court and the accused is represented by a lawyer. Most cases are tried before layjustices sitting without a jury. The more serious cases are tried in the higher courts before a jury of 12 (15 in Scotland) which decides guilt or innocence.4)Actions brought to court are usually tried without a jury. Higher courts deal with morecomplicated civil cases. Most judgments are for sums of money, and the costs of an action are generally paid by the losing party.5)The Lord Chancellor is the head of the judiciary branch of government.4. Analysis and comments:1) Constitutional monarchy is a form of democratic government in which a nonpolitical monarch acts as head of state within the boundaries of a constitution, whether written or unwritten.[1] While the monarch may hold formal reserve powers and while government officially takes place in the monarch‟s name, they do not set public policy or choose political leaders. Political scientist Vernon Bogdanor, paraphrasing Thomas Macaulay, has defined a constitutional monarch as "a sovereign who reigns but does not rule." This form of government differs from absolute monarchy, in which the monarch controls political decision-making and is not effectively bound by a constitutional order.2) Debates can be witnessed very commonly in House of Commons. They take place sometimes in harmony, but more times in a very heated situation. Think about if the debates necessary in House of Commons.Chapter Three1.Blank fillings:1)Banking;2)Insurance;3)service;4)manufacturing;5)North Sea;6)Margaret Thatcher;7)military;8)1970s;9)London;10)service;11)electronics2.Questions:1)By the 1880s the British economy was dominant in the world, producing one third of theworld‟s manufactured goods, half its coal and iron, half its cotton.2)But even by 1900 this was no longer the case, the UK having been overtaken by both theUnited States and Germany; and certainly from 1945 until the present, the story of the UK economy is usually thought of as one of decline.3)India, popularly known as "The Jewel in the Crown" of the British Empire, gained itsindependence in 1947.4)This has a number of consequences for British society, mainly positive, though with someindirect negative effects. On the positive side such immigrant groups bring their culture with them, which increases the variety and interest within British culture: for example, the UK, which used to have a bad reputation for food, now has a cuisine as varied as any, with Indian and Chinese restaurants in every community, as well as many other varieties in bigger cities.This variety in restaurant food has resulted in more experimentation at home, so that shops now carry a much wider variety of goods to supply the demand, and there are many TV programmes and books devoted to all kinds of different cooking. The negative side of things lies largely in the attitude of some of their white neighbours.5)While there is a growing ethnic minority middle-class, and many individual success stories,by most measures the immigrant population is worse-off economically speaking than the white population as a whole. Individuals from ethnic minorities are more likely to be unemployed; and they are under-represented in politics too, though there are now a number of black and Asian MPs. But there are also a number of small political parties in the UK with overtly racist policies.3.Terms for explanation:1)Conservative Party (Britain), oldest political party in the United Kingdom. The ConservativeParty evolved as the successor to the Tory Party in the 1830s. It is known in full as the Conservative and Unionist Party. The party‟s tenets of conservatism inclu de the continuance of monarchical parliamentary government. Until after the end of World War II in 1945 imperialism was also a major force in British conservatism. For decades Northern Ireland‟s major political party, the Ulster Unionist Organization, was an integral part of Britain‟s Conservative Party, but that relationship has eroded considerably. The Scottish Conservative and Unionist Association also is related to the larger unit but has a separate existence.2)Margaret Thatcher, born in 1925, British politician and the first woman to hold the office ofprime minister of the United Kingdom. The winner of three consecutive general elections, Thatcher served as prime minister from 1979 to 1990. She was the longest-serving British prime minister of the 20th century.3)The London Stock Exchange, one of the largest exchanges in the world, has always been afocus of international trade. In 1986 it was substantially deregulated, an event known as the Big Bang in financial circles. This led to the rapid expansion of products, markets, and numbers of employees, a movement that slowed in the early 1990s but has since rebounded.4)HSBC:HSBC Holdings plc is a British multinational banking and financial servicescompany headquartered in London, England, United Kingdom. It is one of the world‟s largest banks.5)Second Industrial Revolution: The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as theTechnological Revolution, was a phase of the larger Industrial Revolution corresponding to the latter half of the 19th century until World War I. It is considered to have begun around the time of the introduction of Bessemer steel in the 1860s and culminated in early factory electrification, mass production and the production line.4. Analysis and comments:1) Town and country planning in the United Kingdom is the part of English land law which concerns land use planning. Its goal is to ensure sustainable economic development and a better environment. Each country of the United Kingdom has its own planning system that is responsible for town and country planning devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh Assembly.2) Based on the collection of history of two countries‟ economic development, a summary can be made.Chapter Four1.Blank fillings:1)owner occupation,2)semi-detached,3)Detached houses,4)Class,5)Christmas,6)Boxing Day,7)Easter egg,8)The Guardian,9)1400,10)The Broadcasting Act2.Questions:1)There are, broadly speaking, four main types of home. The first kind are "flats" (orapartments), of varying size, often in modern multi-storey purpose-built buildings, though sometimes made by sub-dividing big old houses. Flats are often publicly owned. The second kind are "terraced" houses: that is, individual two-storey houses built joining on to each other at each side in a terrace or row. The second kind are "terraced" houses: that is, individual two-storey houses built joining on to each other at each side in a terrace or row; the fourth one is “detached.”2)(Open ended)3)On an average day, 90 per cent of Britons over the age of 15 read a national or local paper.And in the evening, most Britons settle down to watch some television: 96 percent of the population watch TV at least once a week, making it Britain‟s most popular leisure activity.The third most popular pastime, after watching telly and reading newspapers, is listening to the radio, an activity in which 73 per cent of the population engages in on a weekly basis. It is obvious, then, that the media are central to British leisure culture.4)British newspaper culture is unusual in the extent to which class and educational differencesare reflected in the newspapers people read. In other developed countries like Japan and the United States, newspaper reading is a mainly middle-class habit, but in Britain the "lower classes" are also regular readers.5)While officially speaking the British press is "free" from government control and censorshipand can print what it likes, there are limits to what will appear in the daily paper.3.Terms for explanation:1)Terraced houses: refer to those individual two-storey houses built joining on to each other ateach side in a terrace or row. They often have two rooms downstairs and two bedrooms upstairs, plus a small kitchen and bathroom in a projection(突出部分) at the back. These kinds of houses are most common in inner-city areas.2)Detached houses: the most desirable houses for the British people to live in. They usuallystand alone with garden on all sides separating them a little from their neighbours. It might be one-storey house, called bungalow or two. These houses are usually built in the suburban areas.3)The Christmas Pantomime: a typical British Christmas tradition. It is a comical musical playusually based on a popular traditional children‟s story. There are two ma in characters in the play: “the principal boy”, played by a young woman, and “the Dame”（滑稽老太婆角色）, played by a man. It is a play with songs and jokes which can be enjoyed by both adults and children.4)Boxing Day: a typical British tradition celebrated on the day after Christmas. People used togive Christmas gifts or money to their staff or servants on this day. And now they mostly do shopping, pay visits, enjoy eating or just relax.5)The Financial Times: The Financial Times (FT) is a British English-language internationaldaily newspaper with a special emphasis on business and economic news internationally. The paper, published by Pearson PLC in London, was founded in 1888 by James Sheridan and Horatio Bottomley, and merged with its closest rival, the Financial News (which had been founded in 1884) in 1945.4.Analysis and comments:1) The United Kingdom has one of the world‟s oldest established newspaper industries. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, as the British economy began to industrialise, as the democratic franchise was extended to larger segments of the population, and as literacy levels rose through the introduction of mass education, more and more newspapers began to appear. They began to influence British society and people‟s life. T ry to gather different types of newspaper and their functions as a further study.2) In cultural studies, media culture refers to the current western capitalist society that emerged and developed from the 20th century, under the influence of mass media. The term alludes to the overall impact and intellectual guidance exerted by the media (primarily TV, but also the press, radio and cinema), not only on public opinion but also on tastes and values.Chapter Five1. Blank fillings:1)Reading, Writing, Arithmetic2)A-level3)Flexibility4)Oxbridge5)glorious wit6)church7)math, physics, computer science and economics8)12th and 13th centuries9)Forty10)tutorial2.Questions:1)In the UK, the amount of funding each university receives is based on its size, the number ofstudents it teaches, and the research it conducts. So far, the UK has only one privately funded university, the University of Buckingham.2)The British education system is run by the state.3)Cambridge University and Oxford University.4)The goal of British education is to socialize children.5)(Open ended)3.Terms for explanation:1) middle-class man: The middle class is a class of people in the middle of a societal hierarchy. In Weberian socio-economic terms, the middle class is the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the working class and upper class. The common measures of what constitutes middle class vary significantly among cultures.2) “A-level”: A-level—is an academic qualification offered by educational bodies in the United Kingdom and the British Crown dependencies to students completing secondary or pre-university education.3) “Oxbridge”: Oxbridge is a portmanteau of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom, and the term is used to refer to them collectively, often with implications of perceived superior social status. "Oxbridge" can be used as a noun referring to either or both universities or as an adjective describing them or their students.4) working-class: The working class (or lower class, labouring class, sometimes proletariat) are those employed in lower tier, subordinate jobs. These typically include blue-collar jobs, but also include large amounts of white collar and service work.5) tutorial system: At Cambridge University and Oxford University, undergraduates are taught in the tutorial system. Students are taught by faculty fellows in groups of one to three on a weekly basis. At Cambridge, these are called "supervisions" and at Oxford they are called "tutorials." One benefit of the tutorial system is that students receive direct feedback on their weekly essays or work in a small discussion setting.4.Analysis and comments:1) There are advantages in attending schools abroad. Students who have studied abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures. Students can learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries. Students can learn foreign languages more quickly. However, there some disadvantages. Most of the students are too young to live by themselves without any living experience. Besides, being far away from their home country, they may feel lonely and homesick. Of course the costs are much.2) Knowledge/ Discipline/ hardworking/ creativity/ imagination/…。
北语网院15春《英语国家概况(II)》作业1满分答案
北语网院15春《英语国家概况(II)》作业1满分答案考生答题情况
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作业名称：15春《英语国家概况（ii）》作业1出卷人：sa作业总分：100通过分数：60
开始和结束时间：2022-4-2710:52:06至2022-5-88:54:46学生姓名：学生分数：100
标准题总分：100标准题得分：100详细信息：
问题编号：1问题类型：单选题（请在以下选项中选择唯一正确答案）该问题得分：5内容：
thefollowingwerethefoundingfathersoftheamericanrepublicexcept___________.a、georgewashingtonb、thomasjeffersonc、williampennd、benjaminfranklin
标准答案：C学生答案：C描述：美国分数：5
题号:2题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:5内容:
惠特曼尼萨a、小说家B、诗人
标准答案:b学员答案:b说明:america本题得分:5
问题编号：3问题类型：单选题（请在以下选项中选择唯一正确答案）该问题得分：5内容：
whofirstintroducedthe\a、eliwhitneyb、samuelslaterc、henryfordd、adamsmith
标准答案：C学生答案：C。
(完整版)英语国家概况课程习题(附答案)
英语国家概况课程习题英语国家概况（1）模拟试题1I. Fill in the blanks:1.Britain consists of _4___ nations, including England,_Scotland____,_Wales______ and Northern Ireland______.2.The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in __5th______ century.3.The capital of Britain is ___London___ which has great influence on the UK inall fields including______government_, _finance______and __culture_____ 4.The capital of Scotland is _Edinburgh_____, which is well-known for itsnatural5._Egbert______, the ancestor of the present Queen, Elizabeth 11, united Englandunder his rule in 829.6.In Britain, the official head of state is the Queen_______ while the real centre ofpolitical life is in the House of Commoms______7.The British Constitution consists of _statute law______, __common law_____,and ___conventions____.8.The most important function of the Parliament is to ___pass laws____._______,9.Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of the Queen _______, theHouse of Lords_______and the House of Commons_______.10.Life peers should be nominated by _the Prime Minister______ and appointedby _the sovereign______.11.The UK is divided into __651_____ constituencies with each of themrepresented by a member in _the parliment________12.The party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms _thegoverment______and its party leader becomes _prime minister________13.Normally, a government can be in power for __5_____ years, and then it has toresign and hold a general election.14.There are three major parties in the UK: _the Conservative__Party____ theLiberal ANDDemocratic party_______ and the LabourParty_______.15.From 1979 to 1997, ___the _Conservatuve Party___ won 4 consecutiveelections and was in power for quite a long time.16.The two oldest universities in Britain are__Cambridge_____ and _Oxford______.17.Australia, as the World's _SMALLEST______ continent and .largest_______island, has a population which is__small_____ in relation to its size.18.Geologically, Australia can be divided into three parts: _the Easternhighlands______ , which is also know as the_Great DividingRange______ , and which runs almost parallel to the eastern coast from northern Queens land to southern Tasmania; the Central Eaetern lowlands_______, which extends from the Gulf of Carpentries in the north to _Eastern SouthArstralia______ and the western Victorian coast; and the Great Western Plateau, which covers most of Western Australia_______, much of the Northern Territory_______ and South Australia, and part of __Western Queenlands_____.19.New Zealand is in the ____south-west Pacific___ Ocean. ___Australia____ is itsnearest neighbour. The __North Island_____ and the __South Island_____ are its two main land masses. They are separated by __Cook Strait_____20.The Head of State of New Zealand is _Queen Elizabeth 2______. She isrepresented in New Zealand by a __Covernor-General_____ whose most important task is to call upon the leader of the _majority_party_____ to form a government after an election.21.Columbus discovered the New World in the year of _1492_______22.The first permanent settlement in North America was established in today'sVirginia_______ in the year of ___1607____23. A federal system is one in which _power______ is shared between __a centralauthority_____and its constituent parts _______with some rights reserved to each.24.The U.S. federal government consists of the following three branches: theexecutive_______, __the legislative_____ and __the judiciary_____25.The Congress is divided into the House of representatives_______ with_435______ members who serve two-year terms, _the senate_______ with_100_ lawmakers who serve six-year terms.26.Groups who try to persuade Congressmen to vote for or against a bill are knownas __lobbies_____27.The Supreme Court is composed of _one______ chief justice and 8~ associatejustices.28."WASP, stands for _White Anglo Saxon__Protesant____.29.In area, Canada is the _second_______ country on earth.30.Canada consists of ___10_______ provinces and ____3____territories.第一卷选择题答案BDACA BBCDD ACBCB ADACA BAABA DCCBC BBDAD BCDCC BDABB D。
英语国家概况课后习题答案完整版
英语国家概况课后习题答案完整版一、选择题（答案在下面）I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2.is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3.According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over million.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 164.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland5.Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.A. northeasternB. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwestern6.English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman7.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of wordsto English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek8.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish9.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard formof .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciation10.At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifth11.The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic12.By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity13.Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great14.The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law15.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster16.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effortto .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over thechurch17.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians18.was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta19.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of thecentury.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th20.Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning ofthe century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three ofthe following branches with the exception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive22.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .A. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude23.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House ofCommons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect24.British Cabinet works on the principle of .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals25.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet26.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six27.has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland28.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party29.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatismand .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism30.The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic development31.The British economy achieved global dominance by the .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s32.In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfarestate.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 194833.The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem34.Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfarereform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions35.The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspectsexcept .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality36.Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%37.Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland38.Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in thecountry.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/339.The car industry in Britain in mostly .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD.privately-owned40.Of the following sectors in Britain, has experiencedspectacular growthsince the end of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD. manufacturing industry41.In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools wereended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s42.About of British children receive primary and secondary educationthrough the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%43.Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive theirremaining funds from all the following sources except .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contributions44.Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references45.To be admitted to the Open University, one need .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General National Vocational Qualifications46.Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “BigThree” with the exception of .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph47.Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popularamong 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera48.is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB49.Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families traveling overseas50.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime51.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. pamphlet52.is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declarati on of Independence.”A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”B. Don JuanC.“Preface to Lyrical Ballads”D. Prometheus Unbound53.Of Dickens’ novels, is considered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations54.is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas Hardy55.Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms of Neo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”.D. Treasure Island was a representative work.56.is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar WildB. Virginia WoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot57.Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the D’UrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Return of the Native58.Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”.B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.59.Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel BeckettB. James JoyceC. William GoldingD. V. S. Naipaul60.Waiting for Godot is written by .A. Samuel BeckettB. George OrwellC. William GoldingD. D. H. Lawrence61.The United States has states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 3562.The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida63.The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to thesouth, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its .A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west64.The largest river in the U. S. is .A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River65.Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT arelocated .A. in the SouthB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest66.is located on the U. S. –Canadian border between Lake Erie and LakeOntario.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake67.The native Alaskan population includes the following except the .A. IndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD. Blacks68.The largest minority in the United States is the .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC. Native AmericansD. Asians69.The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States,particularly from .A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America70.The characteristic of dominant American culture is .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class71.The first successful English colony in North America was founded atin .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia72.Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecutionin England.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD. Christians73.The Seven Years’ War occurred between the .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians74.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies75.The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston76.In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functionsof a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation77.Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights78.The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement79.President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the GreatDepression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy80.The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continuedthroughout the terms of Presidents .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson81.The U. S. Constitution came into effect in .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179382.The Constitution of the United States .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court83.The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution84.The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get i nto people’s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes85.All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President86.The following except are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders87.According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above88.The terms for a Senator and Representative are and yearsrespectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two89.The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine90.The President is directly voted into office by .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representatives91.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fieldsexcept .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals92.The modern American economy progressed from to , andeventually, to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93.Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority94.The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urgeof .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton95.The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution”except .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refrigerator96.President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing various programslike the following except .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension97.About of American crops are for export.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth98.The following statements are all true except .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.99.is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors100.At present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25%101.Formal education in the United States consists of , secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private 102.Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education 103.Higher education in the United States began with the founding of .A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University104.Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges105.Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S.institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll106.To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits107.Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet.A. Harvard UniversityB. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyC. Princeton UniversityD. Yale University108.is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News109.Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS)110.The National Day of the United States falls on .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th111.Of the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen PoeB. Edgar Ellen Poe & Jonathan EdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Ellen Poe & Washington Irving 112.is regarded as “the father of American literature”.A. James Fennimore CooperB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Thomas JeffersonD. Washington Irving113.Of the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work.A. The Scarlet LetterB. The House of the Seven GablesC. The Marble FaunD. Nature114.Of the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece.A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Moby DickD. Daisy Miller115.Of the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.A. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view116.Of the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists. A. Stephen Crane B. Frank Norris C. Theodore Dreiser D. Herman Melville 117.F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about .A. The Great Gatsby, the American DreamB. Tender is the Night, loveC. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfD. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human nature118.Of the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.A. The Sun Also RisesB. The Sound and the FuryC. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell Tolls119.Of the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner.A. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Eugene O’Neil 120.is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature. A.Ralph Ellison B. Tony Morrison C. Richard Wright D. James Baldwin选择题参考答案：第一章 A B C D B C D A C B第二章 D D B C C A B A C D三 C D B A B C C B D A四 C B A C D C D B A C五 D B B A B C C D D A六 B C B D C A C D B A八 C A B B C C D B A D九 C B C D B B C A C D十 B C B B C C D D D C十一 C C D D D D B B D A十二 C B B B D C B B B B十三 C D D C D D A B A B二、判断题及答案Chapter 11.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (T)2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(F)3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.(F)4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom.(F)。
英语国家概况2作业答案
英语国家概况（2）作业答案作业1Explain the following terms:1.The Declaration of IndependenceThe Declaration of Independence was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and was adopted by the Congress on July,1776,when the people of 13 English colonies in North America were fighting for their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule. The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to have some unalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness . It also explained the philosophy of governments: the powers of governments came from the consent of dthe governed and the purpose of governments was to secure the rights mentioned above. The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.2. Columbus's discovery of AmericaChristopher Columbus, an Italian sailor, believed that by sailing west from Europe he could reach the East. In 1492, he persuaded the Spanish monarchy to support his voyage . He landed on one of the Bahama Islands in the Caribbean Sea and thus discovered the New World . Based on his voyage, the Spanish King claimed the territory of the Americas and later conquered the native Americans and establisheda huge empire.3. the Bill of RightsThe Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791.The Bill of Rights was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.4. the making of the U.S. ConstitutionThe Articles of Confederation failed . The Congress decided to hold a constitutional convention to revise the Articles of Confederation. The delegates from 12 states (Rhode Island refused to participated) gathered in Philadelphia in 1787 and ended up in writing a new constitution and set a federal system with a strong central government. The Constitution provided that an election of the president would be called, federal laws would be made only by a Congress made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate and a Supreme Court would be set up. This new Constitution was finally aproved by the majority of the citizens in over 9 of the 13 was officially put into effect in 1787.5. Industrial Revolution in AmericaAfter independence, America was principally an agricultural country .The Industrial Revolution in England brought many changes to American industry between 1776 and 1860. One key development was the introduction of the factory system. A second development was the "American system "of mass production . A third development was the aplication of new technologies to industrial tasks. A fourth development was the emergence of new forms of business organization--- the bank and the corporation..Fill in the blanks:1. Virginia, 16072. Puritans3. The American Revolution4. the stamp tax , the tea tax5. Philadelphia6. 1787 , George Washington7. the executive , the judical8. 269. Alexander Hamilton10. the Democratic Party, the Republican party , conservativeAnswer the following questions:1.George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams2. A.The growth of capitalism; B. The Renaissance;C. The Religious Reformation3. A. challenging the authority of the Pope; B. salvation through faith;C. establishing a direct contact with God.4. A. the Bill of Rights B. the judicial reviewC. the political party system5. the Democratic Party, the Republican Party6. I Have a Dream7. The legislative8. A. The new states did not cooperate with the Congress or with each other.B. The Congress could not raise money to pay the national army and to pay debtsowed to France and other nations.C. The Congress had no fpower to tax any citizen.9. Firearms industry10. tobacco and vegetable oil作业2Explain the following terms:1.“WASP” culture“ WASP” , which stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant, is believed to be the basis of mainstream culture of the United States.2.American characteristics of religionThe Bill of Rights of the U.A. Constitution provides that there is no state religion and that church and state must be separated. American religious beliefs continue to be strong with social progress. In the United States, every church is a completely independent organization and concerned with its own finance and its own building. There has been little concentration on doctrine or religious argument such as in European history.3.Leaves of GrassA collection of poems written by Walt Whitman. It is a ground-breaking book. Whitman used free-flowing structures and long irregular lines in his poetry. He ventured beyond traditional forms to meet his need for more space to express the American spirit. In one of the poems “Song of Myself”he dwelt on himself because he saw himself as a prototype of “The American”.4. Mark TwainMark Twain is the pen name of Samuel Clemens He was one of the greatst American writers. He captured a peculiarly American sense of humor. He represented a new American Voice. His major work was The Adventures of the Huckleberry finn(1884) which has been called the greatest novel in Amecans Literature5．The Servicemant’s Readujstment ActThe Servicemen’s Readjustment Act was passed in 1944/ It was soon popularly called the GI Bill of Rights. GI was a nickname for the American soldier. The nickmane came from the abbreviation for “Government Issue”--- the uniforms and other articles “issued “to a soldier. The Act promised financial aid , including aid for higher education to members of sthe armed forces.Fill in the blanks:1. Ireland Italy2. the Protestant , the Catholic , Jewish3. First Amendment4. The Jungle5.“the Lost Generation”6.The Grapes of Wrath7.85 , 15cation, 139.tuition, governmentAnswer the following questions:1.Protestant , Catholic , Judaism2.J.F Kennedy3. A. for having a place in a community B. for identifying themselves with dominantvalues.C. for getting dtogether with friends.4. Kohn Dos Passos , Ernest Hemingway , F.Scott fitzgerald5. Stephen Crane , Jack London , Theodore Dreiser6. Ralph Waldo Emerson , Henry David Thoreau7. Mathematics , languages, science , social studies, music, physical education8. Harvard University, Yale University, Princeton University9. A. attending lectures and complete assignments, B. passing examinationsC. earning a certain number of credits at the end of the four years at college.10. A. they have high school records and recommendations from their teachersB. they make good impressions during the interviewsC. they get good scores in the Scholastic Aptitude Tests作业3Explain the following terms:1.the Civil Rights MovementOne of the most important of all social movement in the 11111960s U.S. history. Rosa Parks’spontaneous action in 1955 was believed to be the true beginning of the civil rights movement. The black students’sit-in at a department lunch counter in ffBorth Carolina touched off the nationwide civil rights movement. During sdthe first half of the decade, civil rights organizations like SNCC, CORE, and SCLC struggled for racial integration sfby providing leadership, tactics, network and the people. In the latter half of dfthe decade, some black organizations changed their sdfnonviolent tactics, and emphasized on more radical means to end discrimination and raised the self fmage of fthre blacks. The civil rights movement produced such great leaders ad Martin Luther King, Jr., and MalcolmX., who inspired a dgeneration of both blacks and whites to devote their lives to fighting for racial equalityk in the U.S.2.Martin Luther King,Jr.Martin Luther king, Jr., an atlanta-born Baptist minister, was the leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference during the civil rights movement of 1960s. to promote his philosophy of nonviolent protest against segregation and other kinds of social injustice, King organized a series of “marches”, including the March on Washington of fAugust, 1963, when King delivered his famous “I Have a Dream” speech As a civil rights leader, King worked not only to end racial discrimination and poverty, but also to raise the self imagde dof the blacks. Due to his strong belief in nonviolent peaceful rotest, King wa awarded the Bobel Peace Prize in 1964. He was assassinated in the city of Memphis in April 1968.3.socially stratified American societyAmerican society is a stratified one in which power, wealth and prestige are unequallydistributed. It is divided into social classes that have varying degrees of access to the reward the society offers. For example, the richest fifth of American individuals and families owns more than three-quarters of the wealth in the United States, whereas the lowest fifth owns only 0.2% of fthe wealth. The richest fifth of American families receives over 40% of the national income, whereas the poorest fofth receives only 5.2%.4.The American System of ManufactureThis is the system of using assembly line for mass manufacture of products. The system originated in John H Hall’s idea of producing weapons using interchangeable part, was developed into the science of management by Frederick W Taylor, and was first successfully used on a large scale by Henry Ford in the production of Model T. The system significantly lowers unit cost and makes less demand on the skill of workers. On the other hand, it has ben blamed for making work dreary, mindless and alienating5.Thomas Alva EdisonThomas Alva Edison is a well-known American inventor. Among his many inventions are: electric lamp, phonograph, motion pictures and parallel circuit.Fill in the blanks:1.Greensboro, sit-ins2.the youth anti-war, the women’s movement3.Southern Christian Leadership Conference, Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee , theCongress of Racial Equality4.Rosa Oarks5.the blacks, 11.7%(12%)6.male, young, a member of racial minority7.Nixon8.mechanical reaper , Cyres H Mccormick9.Stevens,10.The Pony Express SystemAnswer the following questions:1.Ku Klux Klan2.They resented traditional white male values in U.S. society3.The “Hippies”4. A. Blacks felt that the black community ought to coexist with other groups.5. B.Blacks felt that “black is beautiful”.C.Blacks felt more and more proud of themselves.6. bribery, tax evasion, false advertising7. A. Racial prejudice against themB. Low social status of these groups.C. Poverty and unemployment among minority groups8. A. There is a strong association between drug use and crimeB. Drug dependence takes a significant toll in terms of personal health and safetyC There are great economic losses because of drug abuse9. Telegraph10. Henry Ford作业4Explain the following terms:1.Y ellowstone National ParkThe Y ellowstone National Park is the oldest and one of the largest national parks in the US. It is named after the river that flows through the area. It is known for its geysers and hot springs. One of the most famous of the geysers is the Old Faithful.2.The Grand Canyon National ParkThe Grand Canyon National Park is America’s most famous scenic wonder. It is a huge gorge slowly carved away for nearly 6 million years by the waters of the Colorado River. The canyon is so deep that there are 4 distinctive zones of climate from top to bottom. Located in Arizona, it attracts over 4 million visitors each year. The Park was established in 1908 by President Theodore Roosevelt.3. Super BowlSuperbowl is the name of final match of American Football, which decides the champion team for the year.4. NBANBA stands for Bational Basketball Association . Founded in 1950, it is the association of professional teams in the US. It has two divisions : the Eastern Division and Western Division.5. jazz musicEarly jazz music first appeared in the Southern city of New Orleans at the end of the 19th century. It was a blend of folk music, work chants, spirituals, marches, and even European classical music. A defining mark of this early New Orleans jazz was that a group of musicians improvising their notes in changing chords around a specific melodic line. All jazz bands use such instruments as a trumpet, a clarinet, a trombone , and percussion instruments like the drum, banjo, and guitars. Jazz deveoped into the 1920’s with two different ly, the Chicago style jazz and the New Y ork style, each style having its own formost jazz musiciansFill in the blanks:1.Florida Keys, Key West, Earnest Hemingway2.glaciers3.Hollywood, Los Angeles4.American Football Conference , National Football Conference5.offensive, defensive6.Eastern Division , Western Divisionrry Bird, Magic Johnson8.African- American9.cakewalk , blue10.SatchelmouthAnswer the following questions:1.The Rocky Mountainske Plac id3. a well-known football athlete4.Baseball5. Technical foul6. A. It initially appealed to young and rebellious.B. Jazz musicians worked Indian American music into the musicC. Jazz music was made modified and became more refined7.Blues refers to a type of slow, sad music from the Southern U.S. , from the city of Bew Orleans. The Blues is derived from a blend of field chantey and spiritual--- a form of hymn singing prevalent in African-American Christian churches. The tradition of the vocal ballad usually accompanied by a guitar, also contributed to the blues form. The music of the blues has a peculiar, poignant sadness. The lyrics of the blues pieces are sardonic filled with wry, self-deprecating humor8.The origin of the chicago style jazz.。