Jane Austen's works简奥斯汀的作品
文学艺术：西方文学经典名著推荐
文学艺术：西方文学经典名著推荐介绍西方文学在世界文化史上占有重要地位，其经典名著不仅具有艺术价值，更是人类智慧和情感的结晶。
本文将推荐一些西方文学中的经典名著，这些作品不仅能够让读者感受到优美的语言表达和精妙的情节构思，同时也能使人重新思考生活、人性和社会等重要议题。
经典名著推荐1.《傲慢与偏见》 - 简·奥斯汀《傲慢与偏见》是英国作家简·奥斯汀的代表作之一。
作品以幽默而尖锐的笔触揭示了当时英国上层社会的虚伪和社会等级制度。
主要讲述了女主人公伊丽莎白·班纳特与男主角达西先生之间爱恨交织、错综复杂的故事，展现了真爱与社会路征途碰撞下的忠诚、勇气和坚持。
这部小说不仅描绘了个人命运的转变，也反映了当时贵族社会的固有习俗和价值观。
2.《1984》 - 乔治·奥威尔《1984》是英国作家乔治·奥威尔创作的一部反乌托邦小说。
该小说以未来世界中极权主义国家“大哥”统治下的形象为背景，描述了一个无所不在的国家监控机构对个人思想和自由的极度压迫。
除了对权力和政府滥权进行深入剖析外，它还探讨了思想洗礼、真实性和个体抵抗等主题。
这部作品通过细腻而恐怖的描绘，使读者深思现实社会与此类主题的关联。
3.《堂吉诃德》 - 米格尔·德·塞万提斯《堂吉诃德》是西班牙作家米格尔·德·塞万提斯创作的长篇小说。
这部作品采用寓言式讽刺手法，以喜剧般的方式描绘了堂吉诃德骑士对虚幻理想和荒谬行为的执着追求。
小说中充满了奇遇，对人性、理想与现实进行了深入思考和探究。
《堂吉诃德》被视为西方文学史上最具讽刺意味的作品之一，对后世文学产生了深远影响。
4.《哈姆莱特》 - 威廉·莎士比亚《哈姆莱特》是英国剧作家威廉·莎士比亚的经典悲剧作品。
该剧以著名的丹麦王子哈姆雷特为主角，揭示了权谋斗争、复仇心理和人性的复杂性。
剧中展示出哈姆雷特对命运和道德问题的矛盾思考，使读者思考个体在面对残酷命运时如何选择与应对。
《理智与情感》中奥斯丁的叙述技巧与语言风格分析
《理智与情感》中奥斯丁的叙述技巧与语言风格分析【摘要】《理智与情感》是简·奥斯丁的经典小说之一，具有深厚的叙述技巧和独特的语言风格。
本文从叙述技巧分析中探讨奥斯丁如何通过眼前的细节展现人物内心世界，以及如何巧妙地安排情节推动故事发展。
语言风格分析部分则探讨奥斯丁的文风清新、幽默而细腻，以及她擅长运用对话、描写和心理描写等手法。
对比分析将奥斯丁与其他作家进行比较，展现她在叙事上的独特之处。
人物塑造和情感表达两部分则深入探讨奥斯丁如何通过塑造人物性格和描绘情感细腻动人。
通过总结评价、启示和展望，对奥斯丁的作品进行全面的评析。
【关键词】理智与情感、奥斯丁、叙述技巧、语言风格、对比分析、人物塑造、情感表达、总结评价、启示、展望1. 引言1.1 简介《理智与情感》是英国作家简·奥斯汀的代表作品之一，被誉为英国文学史上的经典之作。
小说以两个姐妹埃莉诺和玛丽安的故事为主线，描写了她们在恋爱和生活中所经历的种种困境和挑战。
奥斯汀通过这部小说展现了对社会风气和人性的深刻洞察，以及对道德规范和情感体验的探索。
故事情节曲折精彩，人物形象生动传神，语言优美细腻，堪称文学经典中的杰作。
在《理智与情感》中，奥斯汀运用了各种叙述技巧和语言风格，使读者沉浸感受到其中蕴含的情感和思想。
本文将从叙述技巧、语言风格、对比分析、人物塑造和情感表达等方面对奥斯汀在《理智与情感》中的表现进行深入剖析，以期更加全面地理解这部经典作品的魅力所在。
2. 正文2.1 叙述技巧分析《理智与情感》是简·奥斯丁的代表作之一，她在小说中运用了许多精巧而又巧妙的叙述技巧，让读者在阅读过程中感受到故事的魅力。
奥斯丁擅长运用对话来展现人物性格和情感，通过人物之间的对话，读者可以更好地了解角色之间的关系和内心世界。
奥斯丁熟练运用描写手法，通过对环境、情节和人物的细致描写，使整个故事更加生动具体，让读者仿佛置身其中。
奥斯丁在叙述过程中巧妙地运用了反讽和幽默，让故事更加引人入胜，令人捧腹。
简奥斯汀
Pride and prejudice
主演：凯拉 奈特丽 马修·麦克法登 奈特丽、 主演：凯拉·奈特丽、马修 麦克法登
导演： 导演：李安
凯特·温斯莱特 Kate Winslet .....Marianne Dashwood 艾伦·里克曼 Alan Sidney Patrick Rickman....Colonel Brandon 艾玛·汤普森 Emma Thompson .....Elinor Dashwood 詹姆斯·弗雷特 James Fleet .....John Dashwood 汤姆·威尔金森 Tom Wilkinson .....Mr. Dashwood 休·格兰特 Hugh Grant .....Edward Ferrars
奥 斯 汀
·
你 简 的 想 法 。 》 将 彻 底 改 变 汀 奥 斯 —— —— —— ——
年 时 光 ， 那 么 《 成 为 的 晚 她 过 度 衣 毛 着 织 边
一 汀 是 一 个 古 板 的 老 处 女 ，
斯 如 果 你 还 以 为 简 奥 演 。 —— 《 帝 国 杂 志 》 表
湛 自 于 片 中 一 流 演 员 的 精
导演：Iain B. MacDonald 导演 主演： 主演 Julia Joyce .. Douglas Hodge ....Sir Thomas Bertram
爱 玛
Emma
主人公爱玛是个美丽、聪慧而富有的姑娘，同时也是一位不折不扣的幻想家。 她热心关注身边的浪漫故事，却又固执地认为自己永远不会陷入其中。她自作主张 为孤女哈丽埃特导演了一次又一次的恋爱。当哈丽埃特误以为自己爱上了地方官奈 特利先生时，爱玛才惊觉原来自己也在爱着奈特利先生。这虽与她一开始就宣布的 终身不嫁的誓言有悖，但坠入情网的她不得不放弃自己天真的誓言。
解析《傲慢与偏见》中的英式语言创作风格
解析《傲慢与偏见》中的英式语言创作风格1. 《傲慢与偏见》简介《傲慢与偏见》是英国著名作家简奥斯汀（Jane Austen）的一部经典小说，首次出版于1813年。
这部作品以独特的英式语言创作风格展现了19世纪英国乡村中产阶级的生活和社会风貌。
故事围绕着女主角伊丽莎白班内特（Elizabeth Bennet）和男主角达西先生（Mr. Darcy）之间的爱情纠葛展开，通过描绘了当时英国社会中各种人物的性格特点、婚姻观念以及社会等级制度，展现了作者对社会现实的深刻洞察。
小说以其精湛的叙事技巧和丰富的人物塑造，被誉为英国文学史上最受欢迎的作品之一。
1.1 作者简介简奥斯汀(Jane Austen),1775年生于英国汉普郡，是英国18世纪末至19世纪初最著名的女作家之一。
她的作品以描绘当时英国社会风俗和家庭生活为主，具有浓厚的现实主义色彩。
奥斯汀的作品风格独特，被誉为“英国文学的瑰宝”。
她的主要代表作品有《傲慢与偏见》、《理智与情感》、《曼斯菲尔德庄园》等。
简奥斯汀在文学创作上注重细节描写，善于捕捉人物性格的细微差别。
她的作品中的角色形象鲜明，具有鲜明的个性特征。
奥斯汀还擅长运用讽刺手法，对当时社会的种种弊端进行批判。
她的作品不仅具有很高的文学价值，还为后世的作家提供了丰富的创作灵感。
1.2 作品背景英国作家简奥斯汀（Jane Austen）创作的长篇小说《傲慢与偏见》是其文学史上的瑰宝。
小说以当时的英国社会背景作为创作的舞台，真实地展现了那个时代的情感和社会面貌。
十八世纪末期的英国，正处于工业革命的前夕，整个社会正处于新旧交替的过渡阶段。
在乡村社会和经济关系不断变化的背景下，小说通过描写年轻男女间的情感纠葛和婚姻问题，折射出了英国社会普遍的价值观和风俗习惯。
小说的语言创作风格，深受当时的社会语境和文学风格的影响，呈现出独特的英式语言特色。
奥斯汀的作品被认为是英国古典文学的杰作之一，不仅继承发展了欧洲传统的文学作品风格，还融入了当时英国社会的时代特征。
简奥斯汀英文简介
celebrated quality—as the ladies of
G. Sand and Balzac.”
——Henry James（《鸽翼》）
“We can hardly bear to recall the emotions of twenty or fifteen years ago, hardly at all,
Historical Background：
Regency Period (摄政时期)
英国的摄政时期是指1811年至1820年间，乔治三世被认为不适于统治 （ 精神错乱），而他的儿子，之后的乔治四世被任命为他的代理人作为 摄政王的时期。
乔治三世
乔治四世
Writing Style
Theme ：Mostly about love and marriage in the view of women. Language ：Simple, humorous, witty and with quiet irony. A fine engraving made upon a little piece of ivory (“两寸牙雕”) A writer of the earlier realist school.
Jane Austen’s Life
Austen’s Hometown
Jane austen was born on 16 December, 1775, at the rectory in the village of Steventon, in Hampshire. She was educated mainly at home by her father and brothers.
简奥斯汀&现实主义
简·奥斯汀（英语：Jane Austen，1775年12月16日－1817年7月18日），19世纪英国小说家，世界文学史上最具影响力的女性文学家之一，其最著名的作品是《傲慢与偏见》和《理智与情感》，以细致入微的观察和活泼风趣的文字著称。
Jane Austen (16 December 1775 – 18 July 1817) was an English novelist whose works of romantic fiction, set among the landed gentry, earned her a place as one of the most widely read writers in English literature. Her realism, biting irony and social commentary have gained her historical importance among scholars and critics.[1]Austen lived her entire life as part of a close-knit family located on the lower fringes of the English landed gentry.[2]She was educated primarily by her father and older brothers as well as through her own reading. The steadfast support of her family was critical to her development as a professional writer.[3]Her artistic apprenticeship lasted from her teenage years into her thirties. During this period, she experimented with various literary forms, including the epistolary novel which she then abandoned, and wrote and extensively revised three major novels and began a fourth.[B] From 1811 until 1816, with the release of Sense and Sensibility(1811), Pride and Prejudice(1813), Mansfield Park (1814) and Emma (1816), she achieved success as a published writer. She wrote two additional novels, Northanger Abbey and Persuasion, both published posthumously in 1818, and began a third, which was eventually titled Sanditon, but died before completing it.Austen's works critique the novels of sensibility of the second half of the 18th century and are part of the transition to 19th-century realism.[4][C] Her plots, though fundamentally comic,[5]highlight the dependence of women on marriage to secure social standing and economic security.[6] Her work brought her little personal fame and only a few positive reviews during her lifetime, but the publication in 1869 of her nephew's A Memoir of Jane Austen introduced her to a wider public, and by the 1940s she had become widely accepted in academia as a great English writer. The second half of the 20th century saw a proliferation of Austen scholarship and the emergence of a Janeite fan culture.of Jane AustenBiographical information concerning Jane Austen is "famously scarce", according to one biographer.[7] Only some personal and family letters remain (by one estimate only 160 out of Austen's 3,000 letters are extant),[8] and her sister Cassandra (to whom most of the letters were originally addressed) burned "the greater part" of the ones she kept andcensored those she did not destroy.[9]Other letters were destroyed by the heirs of Admiral Francis Austen, Jane's brother.[10]Most of the biographical material produced for fifty years after Austen's death was written by her relatives and reflects the family's biases in favour of "good quiet Aunt Jane". Scholars have unearthed little information since.[7]简有六个哥哥和一个姐姐Cassandra，其中两个兄长后来也从事神职，另两名则曾供职英国海军。
分析简奥斯汀在《劝导》中的婚恋观
摘要简·奥斯汀是英国著名的女小说家,一生共发表了6部长篇小说。
《傲慢和偏见》是她最著名的小说,而《劝告》是她最后一部小说。
尽管《劝告》并没有《傲慢与偏见》一样受到众多学者和读者的关注,但是很多学者认为《劝告》中的安妮是奥斯汀所塑造的众多女性中最完美的。
本文简要分析了作者在这部小说中与众不同的婚恋观。
本文首先介绍了作者生活的时代背景，接着本文重点分析了作品中女主人公安妮，上尉以及小说中其它次要人物的婚恋观，进而总结出作者奥斯丁在这部小说中所表达的婚恋观。
作者晚年的婚恋观和之前的婚恋观有很大的改变，在这部小说中，她主张真爱是婚姻的基础，金钱和社会地位不是婚姻中的重要因素。
了解这些婚恋观可以帮助读者了解当时的社会背景和社会变化，对现代年轻人仍有启发意义。
关键词：安妮；婚恋观；真爱；金钱AbstractJane Austin is a well-know female British novelist, who publishes 6 long novels in her life.Pride and Prejudice is her masterpiece and Persuasion is her last novel. Although Persuasion is not paid much attention to like Pride and Prejudice, many scholars think Anne in Persuasion is the most perfect female image Austin shapes. The paper is to analyze the author’s different views on love an d marriage in this novel. Then, it firstly indicates life experience of the author and the main content of Persuasion. Then this paper analyzes the Anne and Captain and the other minor characters’ views on love and marriage before conclusion of the author’s views on love and marriage, which has been changed greatly as that of before. Thought this novel, she advocates that true love is the basis for marriage but not the money and social status. The better understanding of these views on love and marriage can make readers know more about the social background and changes, as well as implication for modern young people.Key words: Anne; views on love and marriage; true love; moneyContentsAbstract(Chinese ) (i)Abstract (English) (ii)Contents (iii)1.0 Introduction (1)2.0 The Introduction of the Author and the W orks (2)2.1 Social Background (2)2.2 About the Author and the Works (3)3.0 The Author’s Views on Love and Marriage in this Novel (4)3.1 The Heroine Anne Eliot’s Love Process (4)3.2 Anne Eliot’s Love Views (4)3.2.1 New Type of Views on Marriage and Marriage Mode (4)3.2.2 Focus on True Love but not the Social Status and Money (5)3.3 Captain Frederick Wentworth’s love views (7)3.3.1 Believing in True Love (7)3.3.2 Fighting for the True Love (8)3.4 Anne Eliot’s Parents and other Relatives’ Love views (9)3.5 Reflection of the Author’s Views on Love and Marriage (10)4. Conclusion (11)Acknowledgements (13)References (14)Appendix: Thesis Proposal1.0 IntroductionJane Austen is one of the brightest superstars in the long history of the English literature who plays an important role in English literature and her novel is a mirror of middle-class. In her novel she is interested in the study of human beings in their relations with other people in daily life, and particularly preoccupied with the relationship between male and female. During her life she wrote six novels, only four appeared in her lifetime: Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield Park and Emma. Northanger Abbey and Persuasion came out after her death, and the other two novels were left unfinished.The famous novel Persuasion is one of Jane Austen’s works. Austen completes Persuasion in 1816.In the late of 18th century, the industrial revolution happened in Britain and the feudal power exit the stage of history. From the prospective of women, Austen tells a story that the female pursue love from being passive to being active. From the perspective of the main actor, Anne, she expresses the awakening of female consciousness. As the deepening of industrial revolution, her opinion to landlord class makes very big change. Austen heavily criticizes Wentworth who represents the declining aristocrat. And Anne also expresses mixed love-hated feeling and helpless to him. At that moment, women’s rights thought and female consciousness in European society were in the bud. Some books exploring female consciousness also successively appeared which caused great waves in comparatively conservative Britain at that time and aroused people’s attention to women’s issue. Women writers usually leave their own desire and ideal in their works. In Persuasion, after going through eight-year feeling’s suffering, Anne strives for her own happiness to make her lover return to her arms and obtain happiness. Austen seemingly illustrates to readers: the female needs to do actively to win not just passively wait others’ alms, which fully shows the awakening of female consciousness in Austen’s works. In addition, the author wants to express her different views on love and marriage through this novel and the love story between the hero and the heroine, which is the main content discussed in this study.Recent decades, researches on Jane Austen have even evaded China and a lot of papers on Austen have appeared in some important journals. There are many academic research books on the study of Jane Austen abroad. These books are mainly collections of papers of Austen. For example, Maggie Lane published Austen’s world (1996);Helen Lefroy wrote Jane Austen; Deirdre Le Faye published Jane Austen A Family Record (2002); Kathryn Sutherland edited A Memoir of Jane Austen and Other Family Recollections (2004). Besides, in Fergus’s The Art of Fiction, the author discussed the writing art in Austen’s novels. In addition, th ere are many scholars making their studies on one of her famous works Sense and Sensibility. Besides, there are many scholars making their studies on this novel and the marriage as well as the author’s views on marriage and love. For example, the scholar Wu Weiren(1988) makes a study on the views of marriage from Jane Austin in this novel and she analyzes the views on marriage and the significance in the real life from the historical sociology perspective. On the basis these formers studies on the author and her views on marriage and love, this paper tries to explore Jane Austen’s such view on marriage in her novel Persuasion. Before entering into the main part of the paper, the background of the novel will be firstly introduced in order to the better understanding of the further discussion in this study.2.0 The Introduction of the Author and the WorksThe author Jane Austen lived in the certain social background, which influences her writing in her novel Persuasion. Therefore, it is necessary to understand more about the social background and author as well as her works.2.1 Social BackgroundThe era of Jane Austen living in (1775—1817) is exactly the end of the 18th century and the starting of the 19th century. At that time, Britain is in great turbulence and revolution period. Internationally, people witness French Revolution and Napoleon’s ups and downs and experience American Revolution and the war between America and Britain and the war between Britain and France. In addition, there is the war between Spain and Netherlands. There into, the war between Britain and Franc last 20 years. Y ears of war make people fall into great disaster and suffering. Domestically, broad masses fall into bankruptcy position for the expropriation of land, as a result of increasingly sharp social contradiction stimulated by industrial revolution. With formation of British working class, labor movement also gradually spring up. “Series of changes all make Austen strongly feel that the governance foundation of noble landlord class is shaken and be finally replaced,” (Edward, 1997:24) which heavily influences her late outlook on life and creative thinking. The great change of social lifeand political life in Britain also directly influences literary trend of thought at that time. In that time, some writers gradually casted off fetter of rationalistic and began to reflect ordinary people’s mood in their work. They set their worship to emotion and enthusiasm against the rationalists’ worship to ration. They think that emotion and enthusiasm are heartfelt performances. In the early of the 19th century, romantic thought arises at the historic moment. They reflect the desire of Bourgeois democratic class and express ordinary people’s aspiration to social justice and ideal in their wo rks.2.2 About the Author and the W orksJane Austen’s novel was published in 1818 when after she has been died for two years and signed her true name. The three works of Mansfield Park, Emma and Persuasion are written by her after she moves to Chawton. After she dies of sickness, her brother is responsible to publish Northanger Abby and Persuasion with her true name for the first time. Persuasion is her last complete novel. Compared to the previous works, this novel is more profound with deeper sensibility. It is also regarded as the best novel among all her works by many critics. This novel satirizes the hypocritical and snobbish middle class with humor style. This novel has a rigorous structure by the exquisite writing technique. Many descriptions of this novel look ordinary and plain but if you understand in detail, you will feel that this novel is worthy of reading (Y ang Aiying, 2011).In this novel, the heroine Anne lives in a father-centered society. Her father, Walter has hereditary title of nobility living in the Somersetshire. He is the representative in the father-centered society. He has a supreme statue in his family among his three daughters and his wife. The female members in his her family thinks highly of her father. However, her father pays less attention to Anne and cares her about less than the other two daughters. Annie’s suggestion is less important in her family. Her easiness can be sacrificed by her family. Her father does not depend on her marrying a person in the wealthy family because he thinks that Anne has no such potential to have that bright further. It can be seen that the relationship between Anne father and Anne is not good. Being in the weak position in her family, Anne is not very important from her sisters’ and father’s view of point. This reflects she tries her best to be against the father-centered society represented by her father. Walter is flamboyant and hypocritical. He neglects the counterforce of the feminist represented by Annie.Anne has no right to speak in her family. She is in the edge just as thousands of women in the eighteenth century. As Rousseau puts that women always belong to men and the views of men and the most important and primary of women is docile. These concepts are rooted in British society at that time. The description of Walter reflects the fighting back to the corrupted thought, which also stands for Annie’s breaking though the father-centered society.3.0 The Author’s Views on Love and Marriage in this NovelIn the novel Persuasion, Jane Austen expresses her unique views on love and marriage which is so different with that in her other novels. Through the couples of lovers, she thinks true love is a must in the marriage.3.1 The Heroine Anne Eliot’s Love ProcessThe heroine Anne has the uncommon love process during a long time. This work tells a winding and torturing love story. Anne Eliot, who is an aristocracy, falls in love with the young military officer Captain Frederick Wentworth and they are engaged. However, Wentworth has neither high social position nor property, so Anne restrains her “untrammeled affection” with “sense” and say goodbye to her lover under the “persuasion” of her father, Sir Walter and the go dmother, Lady Russell. However, the “sensible” action leaves her eight years’ sadness for anything around not able to make her forgetting the pain of losing love (Y ao Lihua, 2004). Although a man with better economic condition make a proposal for her two y ears later, she can’t forget Wentworth to accept other people’s love all along. Eight years later, Anne becomes a disappointed woman who has lost her beauty and soaked in the wordless agony. When Wentworth appears again, she becomes full of vigor again. Sh e put down “prudence” and leaves her affection free. With loyal love through thick and thin, noble quality and selfless and fearless, she wins Wentworth’s love again and they finally get married. The ending of the Persuasion is no doubt expresses the marriage view of the author in her old age: She believes that “affection” should surpass “sense’ and the “romance” should defeat “reality” and stands that the marriage should on the basis of true love.3.2 Anne Eliot’s Love ViewsAnne Eliot is a new woman image with new type of views on marriage and love and she is different from other heroines in the other novels. She thinks it is the truelove but not the social status and money is the essence in the marriage.3.2.1 New Type of Views on Marriage and Marriage ModeHere, it does not mean the equality in social position or family background, but refers to the equality in personality. Through the heroines in Persuasion, it can be seen that Austen’s discontent with differences gender-roles and her struggle for equality between men and women, which is a kind of new type of views on marriage and marriage mode in that time.Anne expresses her love in an implicit way. The scene of her meeting with Wentworth on the street shows Anne is eager for love but is implicit. At that time, Anne is sitting by the window of a shop. She clearly sees Wentworth is coming along the street.In persuasion, Austin modeled a mature heroine image---Anny Eliot for the first time. Anne is kind, smart and mature. To some extent, she is the incarnation of the author. She is fair and gentle full of sympathy and rich affection. She is a character full of many virtues and talents. She is an inner-directed girl and has no prejudice on other things. Although Anne is a Cinderella at the beginning, she wins readers’ recognition with her wisdom and power.Dislike the heroines in the other five novels of Austin, who are attractive at the beginning, Anne is admitted through her outstanding performance by us gradually. “Although she possesses “elegant soul and soft personality”, she is an insignificant little girl in the eyes of her father and older sister. Her opinion is of little importance and her favor is always been left aside.” Therefore, although she is of distinguished birth and outstanding appearance and talent, she losses the deserving property because of her father’s prejudice and wastefulness and becomes a noble Lady without dowry. In addition, owing to her bitter love with Wentworth, she losses the beauty and passion of youth early. It is i n the “Lime Affair” that we truly understand Anne: When the willful Louis jumps in the steep step and falls out in the sidewalk of the wharf, everyone on spot, including Wentworth, is in a blue funk and at a loss. Only Anne is conducting to deal with calmly in her courtesy, which has shown extraordinary sober and courage. From these it can be seen that the author wants to write about the new type of marriage and marriage mode.3.2.2 Focus on True Love but not the Social Status and MoneyAs we know, property is the security of marriage, but if a man gets married purely for money will not be happy. The happy marriage is also based on the love, but marriage cannot only depend on love, at the same time, there should be a certain economic basis to support this marriage. “The social stratum is good, but the status of men and women is not equal, which has an influence on their marriage. At the later of the 18th century, man has the power while woman is obedient to them” (Austin, 1994:63). If the women don’t have e nough dowry, they will not be happy. When they got married, the money they have will be owned by their husbands. That’s why many men like Wentworth would choose wealthy women during Austen’s time. Returning to the novel, most of the people and characters think that wealth and social status but not the true love should be considered in marriage.In this novel, the author wants to focus on the true love but not the social status and economic conditions as her views in the previous novels. In Austen’s exquisi te strokes, readers can always feel Anne’s feeling to Wentworth, a navy captain. In fact, this expresses Anne’s constancy of love. The acquaintance and love of Anne and Wentworth happened far before the starting of the story, which is not hard to imagine for readers. For Anne, she has ever experienced a period of short but unforgettable good time and someone has ever given her real happiness. In the process of talking about navy, she faithfully argues in favor of navy and marines who work hard and offer the name of who wants to rent mansion of Kellynch, Wentworth. Here, readers can feel the delicate feeling to Wentworth. Here, the author wants to emphasize the true love and feelings but not the other additional conditions for the true love. Jane describes ma inly the lovers’ psychological and behavioral factors to show the true love and feeling for each other.“Anne , who had been a most attentive listener to the whole ,left the room , to seek the comfort of cool air for her flushed cheeks; and as she walked along a favorite grove, said, with a gentle sigh,” a few months more, and he, perhaps, may be walking here ”(Austin, 1994:33) .The scene is very strange when Wentworth meets Anne at the party after eight-year separation. They have no word to say and just exchange greetings out of least politeness. The party ends with dance. Anne mechanically plays the piano with glittering tear in her eyes. She feels happy for having something to do and just hope that people wouldn’t notice for ever. In Austen’s novel, pa rty and dance are always fullof comic atmosphere. However, this dance unexpectedly arouses sad memory of Anne. Behind t the boisterousness, it is shrouded by a shadow. This heartfelt sorrow is aroused by Anne’s loyalty to love.In addition, the main part of this novel aims at the description of Anne’s deep love for Wentworth from her words and her deeds. On the morning of December, it is sunny. Anne has a walk with lady Musgrove, Mary, Anne and Charles· Musgrove. On the way, she hears the conversation between Wentworth and Louisa by accident. Anne notices that Wentworth has great interest in that she refuses the proposal of Charles. It is the Wentworth’s interest in her that makes the readers knows it will lead to Wentworth’s observation on Anne. On the way back of his walk, Wentworth takes notice of that Anne is tired. He heads for Anne silently and helps her in the carriage. She understood him. He could not forgive her, but he could not be unfeeling. He could not see her suffer, without the desire of giving her relief. Which she could not contemplate without emotions so compounded of pleasure and pain, that she knew not which prevailed.From the whole scene, this quotation suggests Wentworth’s great passion on Anne and also indicates his over cautiousness. The series of ordinary actions arouse Anne’s imagination and a force of feeling in her inner heart. They do not talk to each other from beginning to end. The ordinary scene also shows Anne’s care for him vividly by writer’s use of smooth flow of the langu age and emotion expression.3.3 Captain Frederick W entworth’s love viewsCaptain Fredrick is the hero of this novel. He and Anne marry in the end of this novel. He also has his own views on love and he believes in the true love.3.3.1 Believing in True LoveAnne has not only rich and profound feelings but also persistent and open-minded character in believing her true love. She has already had some progressive consciousness of modern women and is a respected actress, who is also unmatched by other actres ses in Austen’s previous works. Most importantly, she believes the true love in her life out of the worldly views on love and marriage. Anne loses her mother when she is young and cannot obtain the care of her father and sister. Therefore, she is solitary in her inner world. However, she doesn’t feel dejected for her insignificance. On the contrary, it is the isolation which fosters her persistent will and decisive ability of dealing with affairs and her believing in her true love. This kind of character isreveal fully on the Liam issue. Anne refuses the proposal of Wentworth when she is 19 years old, which leads to the eight-year tough heart road. The frustration of first love makes her sad and consumes her youth, but it steels her will and character and makes her more mature. “Her idea is very different from that of her 19 age when Anne is 27 years old.” (Austen,1994:118)The continual progress of Austin in marriage view not only promotes her shaping out the ideal and realistic heroine, but also an unprecedented hero in Persuasion-- Wentworth, the clever, optimistic and positive young man in middle class. The heroes of Austin are always noble men with fortune and position and most of them are rich by inheritance. However, Wentworth has neither property nor social status initially, so his proposal has been rejected by the snobbish Sir Walter. Fortunately, Wentworth is extraordinary clever and talented, and he possesses man’s abundant energy, strong dedication, optimistic personality and undaunted spirit. So he raises and gains fortune soon in the navy. It is regrettable that he has too shallow understand for woman so that he can’t understand the pain of Anne when she leaving him. It is Anne’s outstanding performance in the Lime Affair that promotes him to making clear that the ideal woman in his heart is just Anne, who is appropriate rigid-flexible and of extraordinary ability. Finally he realizes it is Anne’s noble soul that grasps his heart tightly. The change of Wentworth in his recognition has eliminated the psychological barrier between Anne and him and flattens the road to their marriage. It can be said that their marriage is built on the basis of equity, harmony and interdependence. This marriage relation has never been seen in the Austin’s precedent nov els. The marriage of Anne and Wentworth shows that Austin’s marriage view has developed mature, ideal and realistic.3.3.2 Fighting for the True LoveThe fighting for the true love from Anne can be reflected in that she can foresee her marriage life thus to rationally choose her own marriage and know what kind of husband she wants. In Persuasion, although Austen doesn’t continue to describe actor and actress’s married life, obviously, general Croft couple’s marriage life and family mode have already show us the future of them. Especially Mrs. Croft is a woman with elegant in conversation, gentleness and cleverness. She is a woman image of bold inbreaking through traditional conception in Austen’s novel. “She transcends middle-class women’s category and the female in British bourgeoisie rising period”. (Austin, 1994:57)The emergence of her indicates the married life of Anne. Anne will not be confined to the social intercourse in parlor and dance but rush about everywhere together with her husband and assist her husband’s carrier and life when necessary. Only this, she and her husband can become enviable loving couple like general Croft couple. Austen shows her opinion through describing the marriage life and mode of general Croft. Namely, women as well as men can freely drive the car of life and fate; women and men have equal status in family life and wife can alert and correct husband’s fault at any time but not blindly submit. Only this can constantly maintain the stability of marriage and life. From this, Austen tactfully refutes the idea that men enjoy higher status than women in society at that time. Meanwhile, she also indicates the mature and reasonable of Anne this female character. She wants to get the true love.After their marriage’s failure, the ca ptain Wentworth and Anne separate from each other and even eight years they don’t see. However, they love from the bottom of the heart and they decide waiting for the other lover. Wentworth, the captain will come later. This idea excites Anne’s heart all t he time and her mood cannot maintain calm for a long time. This kind of excitement is beyond restraint and arouses dull pain in her deep heart at the same time. It is needed that how many times walk and sign can eliminate excitement and uneasiness in her heart. The delicate feeling like a trick let straightly in pour reader’s heart. In the novel, Wentworth indirectly and gradually appears and his shadow company Anne all the time. The vivid and exquisite description of Anne’s psychology make readers can real ize the existence of Wentworth and feel his every action. Meanwhile, these also show Anne’s desire to love and that she has bear Wentworth in mind for eight years. In the long time of eight years, both of them don’t marry because their love exists. The cap tain tries to earn more money becoming wealth for the preparation to marry Anne at the same time Anne also waits for him. Both fight for their true love.3.4 Anne Eliot’s Parents and other Relatives’ Love viewsIn addition to the hero and heroine’s true love in this novel, Anne’s parents and other people have the different views on their love and marriage. Firstly, it is Anne’s father, Sir Walter Elliot, who is a baronet with vanity and overconfidence. He likes money and social status and face saving. Eight years ago, when the caption and Anne loves each other, his father and Anne’s god-mother Lady Russell take the objective attitude to their marriage owing to the Captain’s less wealth and lower social status. In addition, Anne’s sister Elizabeth married Charles, a person from the upper society and she holds that women should marry with the men with wealth and social status. She also persuades her sister like this. When Anne wants to marry the captain, Elizabeth is one of the members holding the objective opinions. Another character, Mrs Clay, the poor widow is the daughter of Sir Walter’s lawyer and she wants Walter marrying Anne. She also believes that women and men should look for the husbands or wives with money and social status.From these characters’ views on marriage and love, it can be seen that wealth and social conditions take a key role in marriage in that time.3.5 Reflection of the Author’s Views on Love and MarriageAmong the gentry, Jane Austen is born into the level of society where single women have no status. Jane Austen, just like her character of heroine Anne, she does not hope for the dowry as a parson’s daughter, and she knows that she may be attractive for males, but she has only a slender chance of finding a husband in the fairly restricted circle of friends in Hamshire. Jane Austen is rational, lovely and beautiful; she is always on the look-out for a husband, evaluating each young man who comes to her. She could have sharp comments on the person she has met. It is hard to distinguish between self-protection’s irony and true admiration for her sometimes. Edward Bridges comes to know her in Kent, who is the brother of Jane’s sister-in-law, Elizabeth. He has proposed and has been refused by Jane Austen. Tom Lefory is attracted by Jane Austen, but he jilts her for she is a parson’s daughter without dowry. “During a visit at Manydown, Jane Austen’s friend Catherine and Alethea’s brother Harris Bigg Wither took the opportunity to propose to Jane and then it was accepted. But during the night, she changed her mind.” (Watt,1963:98)From her love experiences, it can be seen that Jane Austen is not a slave to be worthy of young men’s consideration, and she thinks it a mistake to overlook thementirely. It is wrong to marry for money, but it is silly to marry without money. Jane Austen does not marry in her all life maybe she does not meet her ideal husband. However, she put her ideal marriage in her novels to express her eagerness to love and marriage. As she published her first novel---Sense and Sensibility, when she is thirty-six years old, she begins to really have confidence in her skill as a novelist. From the author’s love experience it can be seen that her own love views come from her own experience in love and the reality.Though persuasion lacked of a fine sense of humor expressed in Austin’s former works, seeing from the depth of thought and emotion, the theme of marriage got deeper development in this work. Therefore, this work was hailed as a work created in her summit of ability development. Heroines in her former works were all like Cinderella in fairy tales. They were all young beautiful and pleasing single girls. Apart from Emma, they all had no abundant property and little trousseau. But after twists and turns, they all married to noblemen who were very handsome and inherited abundant legacy finally. By contrast, in persuasion, Austin modeled a mature heroine image---Anny Eliot for the first time.In her later work Persuasion, the author stresses on that: It is only brings people with agony of “prudence and sense”, but not guarantee of the happiness in the future (Chen Haiyan, 2009). For the first time affection defeat sense in the Persuasion, it confirms the development of the personality from sensibility to affection and eulogizes the great of the people’s affection. It speaks volumes for that the creation idea of Jane Austin has changed from rationalism to romanism, because she has felt that the prudence that reflecting the rational thinking just restrains people’s nature and on ly the pure love that comes from the deep heart can make people acquiring true happiness.It is thus clear that Anne in the Persuasion is not the traditional girl who is gorgeously dressed up and coming in and out of the ball to finding a reliable storeroo m. She never considers about the economic condition of her fiancé and doesn’t think that property is the precondition of marriage. Her marriage has already possessing certain degree of advanced significance, which cannot but say a revolutionary change of A ustin’s marriage view.Besides, Austin is accustomed to use tact of irony in shaping character, even Elizabeth—who is the favorite character in her novels—has been given enough irony color. However, Anne is the only successful character who does not possessing any。
简奥斯汀的作品
Mansfield Park
《曼斯菲尔德庄园》以男女青 年的恋爱婚姻为题材。情节更 为复杂,突发性事件更集中,社 会讽刺意味也更加浓重。小说 最后以范妮和埃德蒙的美满姻 缘为结局,但在故事发展的过程 中，作者的讽刺笔锋主要指向 了以富足人家为代表的英国上 流社会，揭示了他们的矫揉造 作和荒唐可笑。
Master Works
创作过程
• 奥斯汀创作的小说，几乎都是长时 间的反复修订改写。她出版的第一 部小说是《理智与情感》（1811） • 《傲慢与偏见》（1813）是她的第 二部作品。这两部作品，加上她去 世后出版的《诺桑觉寺》（1818） ，都写于十八世纪的九十年代，通 常算是她的早期作品. • 《曼斯菲尔德庄园》（1814）、《 爱玛》（1816）与《劝导》（1818 ）则写于十九世纪，算是后期作品 。这六部作品，总共不过一百五十 万字（中文），数量不算多。作品 初出版时，销量也不算很大
Sense and Sensibility
• 女主人公根据表面现象 产生合情合理的推测和 判断，细心的读者虽然 不时产生种种疑惑，但 思绪会自然而然随着好 的观察而发展，等着最 后结果出现时，与表面 现象截然不同，造成了 出乎意料的喜剧效果。 如果反过来重读一遍， 会发现导致必然结果的 因素早见于字里行间。
Pride and Prejudice
• 这部作品以日常生活为素材，一反 当时社会上流行的感伤小说的内容 和矫揉造作的写作方法，生动地反 映了18世纪末到19世纪初处于保守 和闭塞状态下的英国乡镇生活和世 态人情。这部社会风情画式的小说 不仅吸引着广大的读者，也给读者 以独特的艺术享受。 • 也有根据书本改编的电影.
Sense and Sensibility《理智与情感》(1811) Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》(1813) Mansfield Park《曼斯菲尔德庄园》(1814) Emma《爱玛》(1816) Northanger Abbey《诺桑觉寺》(1818) Persuasion《劝导》(1818)
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Jane Austen, she is one of the greatest authors in Britain history. I really admire and appreciate her works, Pride and Prejudice, Persuasion, Emma, and Sense and Sensibility. In my eyes, every heroine has her own uniqueness, different from other girls in those novels. They are so brave to pursue their love, no care about the prejudice, the gossip from their parents, their neighbors , their relatives, even the society. In addition, all of them succeed in loving their true love; all the endings are so good and so beautiful.
Every time, when I saw the couple got together after suffering so many misfortunes in the very end of the novel, I cried for happiness, not for sadness. From those heroines’ character, I really can find a genuine image of Jane herself. Although I do not know clearly about her love, her lover, I can easily get the information that she missed her true love from her whole single life. Therefore, she sets the hopes into her novels, encourages everyone who love somebody by heart has courage to pursue their true love.
On September 8, 2012, a rainy Saturday, I did not go out to have a walk, or visit some places. I just sitting in my bed, watched the movie, Persuasion, adapted by Jane Austen’s original novel Persuasion.
Maybe in that era, love is not an exclusive right for both young men and young women. Generally speaking, the boy or the girl love and want to marry with their lover freely and openly, which is impossible. That is to say, their husband, their wife, or their marriage are controlled by other people, like their parents, their custodians, because in that society people cannot endure the different identities, positions, fortune people to get married. The upper class, the noble always see those poor people with tainted eyes. They think those people’s daughters or sons cannot match with their “prince”, “princess”.
Anne, the heroine of Persuasion, a girl from a noble family as well, eight years ago, she loved a boy named Wentworth who was a poor guy, having no money , no position, no house. They loved each other so much. However, Anne’s family members objected to their marriage. At that time, Anne had to give up their love unwillingly because of some misunderstanding caused by Anne’s family, which
definitely made Wentworth disappointed, even despair. But he had no choice, the only thing he could do was just to earn money, to fight for the position.
Eight years later, Wentworth was done well, he had money, had position. However, it seemed that the god arranged an opportunity so that they bumped into each other . Anne still loved Wentworth, but she had no courage to tell him the truth “I love you” . Every time they met in the party, on the dinner table, she always hid her feeling in her deep heart, which made Wentworth think she did not love him any more. But fortunately, with the development of the plot, I saw the spotlight holding them together tightly. Wentworth said that he thought he just had hatred to her original lover, but when he met her again, he suddenly found in his deep heart there being profound and continuous love to her. So he manifested his feeling to Anne by letter. Finally, Anne were so brave to run in order to find and pursue her love. It is also the most impressive scene in this movie, Which touched me a lot.
Good story, good ending.。