非谓语动词作状语(3)
• 规律(二):
• 当v-ing形式作状语时， 要考虑时态与语态若它 所表示的动作发生在谓 语动作之前，需用 having done, • 如果表被动则用
having been done
3. He rushed to the train station, only ____ the train D had gone. A. finding B. found C. finds D. to find 4.European football is played in 80 countries, ____ A it the most popular sport in the world. (NMET1998) A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
三、动名词
动名词也是动词的一种非限定形式, 由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。 与现在分词构成法相同。它同时具有动词及名词特征。 以下主要介绍其做定语及状语的情况。 1. 作定语 None is allowed to smoke in the waiting room. The speeding car came to a stop all of a sudden. 2. 作状语 介词+动名词可以作状语用, 表示时间、原因、目的、让步、方 式等。例如： After finishing the job, he went home. They went to Manchester with the object of winning the World Championship. He was med for having done something wrong.
(二) 作状语 1. 作目的状语: 不定式作状语时, 其动作发生在谓语动词之后, 一般置于句子末 尾。但是, 如果表示强调, 亦可置于句首。 其否定形式为: 在不定式符号前加not。 He went to Shanghai to visit his parents. To save the earth, we must prevent the earth from being polluted. I shut the door quietly, so as not to wake the baby. 2. 作结果状语: We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy. She left home, never to return again. 3. 作原因状语: 不定式做原因状语时, 一般放在句子末尾。 She burst into laughter to see his funny action. The boy was shocked to see the frightening scene.
四、分词
分词是动词的三种非限定形式之一 , 包括现在分词和过去分词 两种。分词可以在句中作状语及定语。
(一) 现在分词与过去分词的区别 现在分词与过去分词的区别主要表现在语态和时间概念上。 在语态上, 现在分词(除被动式外)表示主动意思, 过去分词表示 被动意思。 在时间上, 现在分词表示动作正在进行, 过去分词则表示动作已 完成。 developing countries (发展中国家) developed countries (发达国家) the touching tale (动人的传说) the touched audience (受感动的观众)
(1)表示时间
Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view. He went out shutting the door behind him. 强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时, 现在分词之前可用连词when或 while: When leaving the airport, they waved again and again to us. While flying over the Channel, the pilot saw what he thought to be a meteorite. (2)表示原因 Being sick, I stayed at home. She caught cold sitting on the grass. (3)表示条件 Adopting this method, we will raise the average yield by 40 percent. Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage.
2.a)Working hard, you will do well in your exams. (=If you work hard, …) 2.b)Given more time, I can do better. (=If I am given……) (条件状语)
4.a)Though weighing almost fifty kilograms, the box was lifted by him with one hand. (= Though it weighs…) 4.b)Although tired, they continued to work. (=Although they were tired, ……) (让步状语)
非谓语作状语的 例析 高考热门例析
Seen Seeing from the top of the mountain, the city looks beautiful. Seeing Seen from the top of the mountain, we can view the beauty of the whole city.
6.b)The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students (=…and was surrounded…) (方式或伴随)
总结 :
分词(现在,过去分词)在句 中作状语,可表时间、 原因、条件、让步、 伴随或方式等含义, 现在分词还可作结果状语、 相当于一个对应的状语从 句所表达的意思.
(4)表示让步 Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn't tried her best. (5)表示结果 It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country. It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining our holiday. (6)表示方式或伴随情况 He ran up to her breathing heavily. Please fill in the form, giving your name, address, etc.
高三英语总复习语法专项训练
非谓语动词作定语和状语
二、动词不定式
不定式是指带 to 的动词原形( 使用中有时不带 to ), 在句中起 形容词或副词的作用, 可以作状语和定语。 (一) 作定语 1. 动词不定式与其修的词之间往往有动宾关系 , 如果该不定式是不 及物动词, 其后有必要的介词。例如： He's pleasant fellow to work with. There's nothing to worry about. 2. 有些名词后常跟不定式作定语。 例如: time, reason, chance, right, ability, willingness, need, anxiety, wish, plan等。 Women should have the right to receive education. There is no time to hesitate. 3. the first, the second, the last, the best 等之后用不定式做定语。 The monitor will be the first to come. He was the last man to blame.
所修饰的 词
句子的宾 语
1.The manager,___it C clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room. A.who has made B. made C.having made D. making
2.___many times, he did it C well. A.Being told B.Having told C.Having been told D.To be told
3.a)Being ill, he didn’t go to school. (=As he was ill, ……) 3.b)Born in the village, he knows a lot of people there. (=As/Because he was born ……) (原因状语)
4. 作独立成分 有些固定词组带to不定式, 表明说话人的立场或态度, 在句中作 独立成分。这些词有: to be honest ； to begin with ； to cut a long story short, to get (back) to the point ； not to make much of it, to put it another way ； to tell the truth 等。 To tell you the truth, I have never been to Beijing. To be honest, I have never heard of Winston Churchill.
5.His parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan (=…, so that he became an orphan, …….) (结果状语)
高考英语非谓语动词作状语的用法 知识点
分考点1 不定式作状语Point 1 做目的状语，意为“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。
To pass the college entrance exam, we must work hard.为了通过大学入学考试，我们必须努力学习。
Mike had to shout to make himself heard above the sound of the music.麦克不得不大声说话，以便能在如此大的音乐下被别人听见。
【特别注意】也可用in order to 或so as to 表示目的，但so as to 不能用于句首。
The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.公交车停下来以便搭载乘客。
He got up early in order to catch the first bus.他早起是为了赶上第一版公交车。
Point 2 作结果状语。
常表示令人意外的结果。
Only/just to do 表示意想不到的结果Enough to do 足够做...Too...to do 太...而不能.....So/such... as to...如此...以至于....I went to see him last night only/ just to find him out.我昨晚去找他。
结果发现他出去了。
（表示出乎意料的结果）Mary is too tired to do the job.玛丽太累了，做不了这项工作。
He is old enough to go to school.他到上学的年龄了。
Point 3 作原因状语。
常用在表示情感或态度的sorry, surprised, disappointed, excited, glad,happy 等形容词后，常用结构为“主语+系动词+形容词+to do”。
Tom was very happy to see his mother.汤姆看到她的妈妈很高兴。
非谓语动词作定语和状语
A A. add B. to add C. adding D. added
3). The disc, digitally ______ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded
B. recording
C. to be recorded D. being recorded
C Figure” award, a title _____ to ordinary
people for their contributions to
environmental protection.
A. being given B. is given
C. given
D. was given
不定式（to do)
②The question _b_e_i_n_g__d_is_c_u_s_s_e(ddiscuss) at the
meeting now is of quite importance.
③The question __t_o_b_e__d_i_s_cu__s_se_d(discuss) at the
meeting tomorrow is of quite importance.
A. are bought
B. bought
C. have been bought D. buying
解析：此题学生最易错选的答案为Ａ或Ｃ。依据上面 陈述，填入Ａ或Ｃ句子都有两个谓语动词，而此 处两个动词并非并列谓语，也不是分别出现在主 从句中，故答案有误。该题正确答案为Ｂ， bought through a computer为一过去分词短语作后 置定语，句中只有一个谓语can be lower than。当 然此题如改为Prices of daily goods which have been bought through…也是正确的，因为这一动 作出现在从句中。
非谓语动词做状语
非谓语动词做状语非谓语动词作为状语是指在句子中不能作谓语，但可以做状语的动词形式。
它可以作时间、原因、条件、让步、结果等状语，可以提供句子里的信息，使句子充实而生动。
一、非谓语动词作时间状语1.由过去分词组成的状语过去分词表示过去发生的动作，常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中，作时间状语，突出主句动作应该在过去发生。
如：He left without saying goodbye, leaving me standing there alone.他没有说再见就走了，留下我独自站在那里。
2.由现在分词组成的状语现在分词表示正在进行的动作，常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中，作时间状语，突出主句动作应该正在进行。
如：She comes to visit us every week, bringing us some nice food.她每周都会来看望我们，并带来一些美食。
3.由having done 组成的状语having done 表示过去已经完成的动作，常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中，作时间状语，突出主句动作应该在过去完成的动作之后发生。
如：Having finished the exam, he went home and had a good rest.考试结束之后，他回家好好休息了。
二、非谓语动词作原因状语由because of，due to，owing to，thanks to等引导，接名词或动词不定式，作原因状语，表示主句动作的原因。
如：Because of the heavy rain, we had to cancel our picnic.由于下雨，我们不得不取消野餐了。
三、非谓语动词作条件状语由if，unless，in case，on condition that，provided (that)，supposing (that)等引导，接动词不定式，作条件状语，表示“假设”的意思，表示主句动作的前提，即要想主句动作成立，必须满足什么条件。
高考英语之非谓语动词作状语
高考英语之非谓语动词作状语高考英语的状语在句中主要修饰动词，形容词和句子，非谓语作状语常表：目的，时间，条件，结果，伴随，原因，让步，方式等。
下面为大家作进一步讲解。
1.to do 作状语,常表目的状语，结果状语，原因状语。
（1）表目的，译为“为了“例如：——Ｉget some money from the bank to buy you a gift.我从银行取了些钱，为了给你买份礼物。
——To be admitted into a key university, he buried himself into study.为了被重点大学录取，他专心致志于学习。
解析：to do 放句首，表强调。
另外：in order to , so as to 也表目的状语。
So as to 不放句首。
（2）表结果，常使用only/just to do, 却…，表意料之外的不良后果。
so/such ……as to do如此……以至于, ……enough to do，足够，too……to太……而不能……结构。
例如：——She is such a lazy girl as not to pass the exam.她是如此懒一个女孩，（以至于）没有及格。
解析：so 用法为So + adj. +a/an +n. 。
such用法为such + a/an +adj.+ n. 。
too 后用法与so相同。
Enough 前常用adj. 和adv. 。
注：n. 表名词。
adj.表形容词。
adv. 表副词。
——She hurried to the station , only to be told the train had left.她匆忙赶到车站，却被告知，火车已经离开了。
解析：only to do ,表意料之外的事，此处told 与she 之间为被动关系。
（3）作原因状语，常用在表情感，态度等形容词后。
例如：happy,surprised ,sorry 等。
高中英语语法填空之非谓语动词作状语和补语
语法填空之非谓语动词作状语和补语1．分析逻辑关系(1)作状语：①表目的、出乎意料的结果或在形容词后作状语，用不定式；②表伴随、时间或条件等要用现在分词/过去分词；③表自然而然的结果用现在分词。
(2)作补语：根据具体结构用(to) do/doing/done①如逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是主谓关系，且表正在进行，用doing。
②如逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是被动关系，且表完成，用done。
2．牢记5种用法①不定式作宾补：allow、ask、beg、command、encourage、expect、forbid、invite、persuade、tell等＋sb. to do sth.。
②用省略to的不定式作宾补的动词：“五”看；“三”使；“两”听；“一”感觉。
“look at/see/watch/notice/observe; make/let/have; hear/listen to; feel”＋sb.＋do sth.。
注意：但在被动语态中作主语补足语要还原to，如be_made_to_do。
③have sb./sth.doing “让某人/某物一直做”；have sb./sth.done “让某人/某物被做”。
④主语＋系动词＋形容词(easy、hard、impossible、important等)＋to do⑤too＋adj./adv.＋to do或adj./adv.＋enough＋to do3.固定句型识记不定式作补语：advise sb. to do allow sb. to do ask sb. to dobeg sb. to do cause sb. to do encourage sb. to do expect sb. to do forbid sb. to do force sb. to do help sb. (to) do invite sb. to do inspire sb. to do order sb. to do permit sb. to dopersuade sb. to dorequire sb. to doremind sb.to dotell sb. to dowant sb. to dowarn sb. to dowish sb. to dowait for sb. to docall on sb. to do 号召某人去做rely on sb. to do 指望某人做某事-ing 作补语catch sb. doing 发现、撞见某人做某事find sb. doing 发现某人做某事keep sb./sth. doing 使...处于...状态leave sb./sth doing 使...处于...状态课堂练习1．On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ________ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.2．You don't have to run fast or for long________ (see) the benefit.3．The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice________ (improve) water quality.4．Once his message was delivered, he allowed me________ (stay) and watch. 5．They are required________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.6．Nervously ________ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．7 ________ (enjoy)the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.8．Ordinary soap，________ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. 9．I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs________ (take)．10.People probably cooked their food in large pots, ________ (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.课后练习Gabi Rizea only discovered his talent for woodcarving three years ago,and has since put 1to good use,saving dozens of old tree stumps (树桩) from 2 (remove) by turning them into impressive works of art.Rizea became a woodcarver 3(complete) by accident.Three years ago,after buying himself a new chainsaw(链锯),he 4(start) “playing” with it on a block of wood.He tried carving a human face into the wood,and to his surprise,it turned out pretty good.Today,he is so good at woodcarving that his home city allows him to workhis magic on old tree stumps and so far about 40 works of art 5(create) in the local parks.“In 99% of the cases,the wood just doesn’t match my ideas,” he said in an interview.“I first have to remove all the rotten parts,and sometimes,6is left isn’t enough for my designs.”Following his recent rise to fame,Rizea has been asked by many 7 (city),including the capital of Romania to transform their old tree trunks 8 works of art.He promises to honor their requests,but he will never repeat any of the artworks 9(find) in his home city.In spite of his obvious talent,the Romanian 10(art) recently got into an art school in order to fully master woodcarving.参考答案：1.it 2.being pletely4.started5.have been created6.what7.cities8.into9.found10.artist课后练习（二）How would you feel if you woke up and found your information in the computer—including your photos,your recent documents—no longer 1 (access)?What if you found out that they had been wiped from your computer, 2 (leave) you with nothing but heartache?Guess what?It happens to people every single day.Every day,people across the country head into their local Apple store in 3(tear),broken computer in hand,praying as they wait in line 4an expensive repair might,just might,recover the priceless,irreplaceable files.A few get lucky. 5for the rest,there’s nothing anyone can do 6(help).Hasn’t it happened to you?If your computer remains unprotected,it will,and it’s only 7matter of time.But thanks to recent breakthroughs in computer backup(备份) technology,you now have a number of options to choose from,and if you’re smart,when your computer 8(crash),you shouldn’t have any trouble 9(get) 100% of your files back that same day.I’m not talking about an external hard drive.I’m talking about an online backup solution that runs 10(quiet) inthe background on your computer.If you have one installed (安装),when your computer crashes,you’ll be just one click away from bringing your files back to life.参考答案：1.accessible2.leaving3.tears4.that5.But6.to help7.a8.crashes9.getting10.quietly。
非谓语作状语的5种形式
非谓语作状语的5种形式非谓语动词作状语主要有以下五种形式：1. 分词作状语（现在分词和过去分词）- 现在分词表示主动和进行，通常表示时间、原因、条件或伴随状况。
- 过去分词表示被动和完成，通常表示时间、原因、条件或伴随状况。
Example:- (现在分词) Running in the park, I found a lost wallet.- (中文翻译) 在公园跑步时，我找到了一个丢失的钱包。
- (过去分词) Given more time, I could finish the task.- (中文翻译) 如果给我更多的时间，我就能完成这个任务。
2. 不定式作状语- 表示目的、结果或原因。
Example:- (目的) To improve my English, I read books in English every day.- (中文翻译) 为了提高我的英语水平，我每天阅读英文书籍。
- (结果) He worked hard to pass the exam, only to fail.- (中文翻译) 他努力工作以通过考试，结果却失败了。
- (原因) To see her smile is to understand her happiness.- (中文翻译) 看到她的微笑就能理解她的幸福。
3. 句子作状语- 通常是一个完整的句子，用来修饰主句，表示原因、条件、时间等。
Example:- (原因) Because it was raining, we canceled the trip.- (中文翻译) 因为下雨，我们取消了旅行。
- (条件) If it rains, we will stay at home.- (中文翻译) 如果下雨，我们就待在家里。
- (时间) When the bell rings, the class will start.- (中文翻译) 当铃声响起时，课程就开始了。
非谓语作状语的用法
非谓语作状语的用法以下是 6 条关于非谓语作状语用法的内容：1. 哎，你知道吗，非谓语动词作状语啊，就像给句子加上了一对翅膀。
比如说“Walking in the park, I saw a beautiful flower.” 这里的“Walking in the park”不就是非谓语动词作状语嘛，我一边走在公园里，一边就看到了那朵漂亮花儿，多神奇呀！2. 嘿，非谓语作状语其实超有意思的呀！就像你做事的时候，总有个伴在旁边陪着你。
像“He sat there, reading a book.” 看，“reading a book”不就是陪着“he sat there”这个动作，一起让我们清楚地知道他在那干啥呢！3. 哇塞，想想看呀，非谓语作状语就像一阵风，推动着句子向前跑。
像“Seeing the dog, she screamed.” 哎呀，看到那只狗，她可不就尖叫起来了嘛，“Seeing the dog”多形象地说明了她尖叫的原因啊！4. 非谓语作状语呀，那可是句子的好帮手呢！好比说“Opened the window, a fresh air came in.” 打开窗户，新鲜空气就进来啦，“Opened the window”这不就很好地描述了后面发生的事情嘛！5. 哎呀呀，非谓语作状语真的很重要哦！就拿“Not knowing what to do, she started to cry.” 来说吧，不知道该干啥，她就哭起来了，这“Not knowing what to do”多贴切地展现了她的无奈呀！6. 哇哦，非谓语作状语真的是让句子变得更生动呀！像“Standing on the top of the hill, he felt so pro ud.” 站在山顶上呢，他就感觉好骄傲，“Standing on the top of the hill”可不就是完美地说明了他当时的状态嘛！我觉得呀，非谓语作状语是英语语法里特别有意思、特别重要的一部分，得好好掌握呢！。
专题 非谓语动词(三)-2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析(解析版)
2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析20非谓语动词（三）考点五非谓语动词作状语非谓语动词作状语是历年高考考查非谓语动词的重中之重，同学们应予以高度重视。
不定式和分词都能作状语。
首先判断用不定式还是分词，然后根据非谓语动词的逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致的原则判断不定式用主动式还是被动式，分词用现在分词还是过去分词。
1．分词作状语分词主要作时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随、方式、结果等状语。
1. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. （2018北京）A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use【答案】A【解析】这里作条件状语，应用分词；逻辑主语soap与use之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。
句意：如果使用得当，普通肥皂也可以有效除菌。
2. ______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. （2016北京）A. OrderingB. To orderC. Having orderedD. Ordered【答案】D【解析】这里作原因状语，应用分词；逻辑主语books与order之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。
句意：书是一个星期前订的，所以随时会到。
3. Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way________ the sun and the stars. (2015重庆)A. usedB. having usedC. usingD. use【答案】C【解析】这里是非谓语动词作方式状语，应用分词；逻辑主语birds与use是主动关系，故用现在分词。
4. ______ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. (2015天津)A. To workB. WorkedC. To be workingD. Having worked【答案】D【解析】这里作时间状语，应用分词；work是不及物动词，故用现在分词，分词动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前，应用完成式。
非谓语动词作状语例句
非谓语动词作状语例句
1. 她坐在河边垂钓，静静地等待鱼儿上钩。
2. 他推开门，一边笑着一边走进了屋子。
3. 放学后，他和朋友们一起打篮球，汗流浃背地奔跑着。
4. 她一边吃着早餐，一边浏览报纸上的新闻。
5. 他经过公园，看到一群小孩在草地上疯跑。
6. 在参观博物馆时，她拿出相机记录下了每个展品。
7. 他站在舞台上，挥着手向观众致意。
8. 爸爸开车带我们去郊外游玩，一路上欢声笑语地唱歌。
9. 她躺在沙滩上晒太阳，闭上眼睛享受着悠闲的时光。
10. 妈妈忙着做饭，同时还指示我们收拾房间。
非谓语动词作定语、状语、 宾语补足语 单句语法填空+单句改错——语法考点(非谓语动词篇)
He had his bike repaired. （-ed分词作使役动词的宾语补足语，表示“使/让……被做某事”， 表示被动意义。）
We heard her sing. （省略to的不定式作感官动词的宾语补足语，表示“听到/看到……做
某事的全过程，或看到/听到时，此动作已完成” ，表示主动意义。） We heard her singing. （-ing分词作感官动词的宾语补足语，表示“听到/看到……正在做某
考点19 非谓语动词 作宾语补足语
一、【知识要点】
（1）高考中考查的宾语补足语，多指在使役动词、感官动词和 with的复合结构中的宾语补足语。
（2）常见常考的使役动词有：have, get, make, let, leave 常见常考的感官动词有：see, hear, find, watch, feel, listen to,
sweeping first before sitting down to have a rest.
3. It is said that the buildingto__b_e_b_u_i(lbt uild) here next year will be completed
within one year.
and tried again.
Bitten
7. ______ (bite) by a dog once, the child will get frightened whenever
seeing a dog.
carried
8. The plan, if ______ (carry) out effectively, will be a big success.