江苏省扬州市梅岭中学 2017--2018学年初三年级第一学期第一次质量检测历史试题( 无答案)
扬州市梅岭中学2018届初三化学一模试卷.pdf
扬州市梅岭中学2018届初三化学⼀模试卷.pdf梅岭中学初三第⼀次模拟考试化学试卷⼀、单项选择（15⼩题，每题2分，共30分）1、我们每天⽣活在不断变化的物质世界⾥。
下列变化属于化学变化的是（）。
A:海⽔晒盐B:⾷物腐败C:汽油挥发D:⽯油分馏2.智能⼿机是⼀种多功能通讯⼯具,⼀款智能机通常含有41种以上的化学元素.⼿机屏幕⼤部分⽤的是硅酸铝玻璃,下列关于硅酸铝玻璃性质的推测正确的是()A、透光性好B、常温下易与氧⽓反应C、易溶于⽔D、见光易分解3.下列物质由原⼦直接构成的是()A、氧⽓B、氩⽓C、氯化钠D、⼆氧化碳4.我国将每年的5⽉12⽇定为“防灾减灾⽇”.以下有关处理⽕灾现场⽅法错误的是()A、油库着⽕,⽤⽔浇灭B、⾝上着⽕时不可乱跑,要就地打滚使⽕熄灭C、⽤⽔浇湿⽑⼱或⾐物,捂住⼝⿐,低姿⾏⾛到安全通道D、⽆法逃⽣时,应退回室内,关闭门窗,并向门窗浇⽔,再发出求救信号A. B.测溶液pH检查装置⽓密性C. D.稀释浓硫酸过滤9.科学研究表明，氨⽓在常压下就可液化为液氨，液氨可⽤作汽车的清洁燃料，其燃烧的主要反应为4NH3+3O2=2X+6H2O，则X的化学式为（）。
A:NO B:N2C:NO2D:N2O10.“珍爱⽣命，远离毒品”。
冰毒是⼀种毒品，能引发急性⼼脑疾病，并出现狂躁、暴⼒、⾃杀等倾向，其主要成分为甲基苯丙胺（化学式为C10H15N）。
下列有关甲基苯丙胺的说法正确的是（）。
A:相对分⼦质量是82B:碳、氢、氮三种元素的质量⽐为10:15:1C:是由C、H、N三种元素组成的有机物D:充分燃烧只⽣成⼆氧化碳和⽔11.下列现象的描述正确的是()A、磷在空⽓中燃烧,产⽣⼤量⽩⾊烟雾B、碱式碳酸铜受热分解,固体由⿊⾊变成绿⾊C、蚕丝和⽺⽑灼烧都产⽣烧焦⽻⽑的⽓味D、铁丝在空⽓中燃烧时⽕星四射12.下列推理正确的是()A.化合物是由不同种元素组成的纯净物,所以由不同种元素组成的物质⼀定是化合物B.中和反应⼀定有盐和⽔⽣成,所以有盐和⽔⽣成的反应⼀定是中和反应C.碱溶液⼀定能使酚酞试剂变红,能使酚酞试剂变红的⼀定是碱溶液D.分⼦、原⼦都是不带电的粒⼦,但是不带电的粒⼦不⼀定是分⼦、原⼦13.某化学兴趣⼩组将⼀定质量的镁粉加⼊到硝酸银和硝酸亚铁的混合溶液中，充分反应后过滤，得到滤液和滤渣，向滤渣中滴加稀盐酸有⽓泡产⽣，则该⼩组同学的下列判断中，正确的是（）。
2017-2018梅岭初三期中数学解析
扬州市梅岭中学2017-2018学年第一学期期中初三数学一、选择题（本大题共有8小题，每小题3分，共24分）1.下面轴对称图形中对称轴最多的是（）A.矩形B.圆C.等边三角形D.正六边形【答案】B ．【考点】轴对称图形的性质【分析】A.矩形有两条，B.圆有无条； C.等边三角形有三条； D.正六边形有六条，故选B2.在Rt△ABC 中，若各边的长度同时都扩大2倍，则锐角A 的正切值（）A.扩大2倍 B.缩小2倍 C.不变 D.扩大1倍【答案】C .【考点】三角函数值的定义；【分析】3.下列一元二次方程中，有实数根的是（）A.012=+-x x B.0322=+-x x C.012=-+x x D.042=+x 【答案】C .【考点】一元二次方程根的判别式的应用；【分析】解：分别判断ac b 42-=∆与0之间的大小关系，由计算可知C 选项中的△>0.4.用配方法解方程0222=--x x ，原方程可变形为（）A.3)1(2=-x B.3)1(2=+x C.7)2(2=+x D.7)2(2=-x 【答案】A【考点】一元二次方程配方法的应用；【分析】解：12122+=+-x x ；3)1(2=-x 故选A.5.已知圆锥的母线长是5cm，侧面积是15πcm 2，则这个圆锥的底面半径是（）A. 1.5cmB.3cmC.4cmD.6cm 【答案】B【考点】圆锥的计算；【分析】6.如图，四边形ABCD 内接于圆O ，若四边形ABCO 是平行四边形，则∠ADC 的大小为（）A.45°B.50°C.60°D.75°【答案】C【考点】圆内接四边形的性质；平行四边形的性质；圆周角定理【分析】7.如图，圆O 是△ABC 的外接圆，AD 是圆O 的直径，若圆O 的半径为3，AC=2，则sinB 的值是（）A.34 B.43 C.23 D.32【答案】D.【考点】锐角三角函数定义；圆周角定理；三角形外心；【分析】8.有一人患流感，经过两轮传染后，共有121人患上了流感，那么每轮传染中平均一个人传染的人数为（）A.11人B.10人C.9人D.8人【答案】B.【考点】一元二次不等式的应用【分析】二、填空题（本大题共有10小题，每小3分，共30分）9.正方形网格当中，∠AOB 如图放置，则sin∠AOB 的值为____【答案】34.【考点】比例性质的应用；【分析】10.在△ABC 中，若0|3tan ||3sin |=-+-B A ，则∠C=___°.【答案】90°【考点】绝对值非负性；三角函数特殊值；【分析】解：∵0|33tan ||23sin |=-+-B A 。
扬州市梅岭中学2017-2018学年初三上英语期中试卷(含答案和听力)
九年级快乐英语阅读检测一、单项选择（共15 小题；每小题1 分，计15 分）1. The 19th CPC National Congress (十九大) is ______big success and we should try our best to build______better world.A. /, aB. /, theC. a, aD. a, the2. ---Although my grandma is seventy years old, she is always in the pink.---Yes. Because she exercises every day and has a balanced diet .Here “in the pink” means ______.A. healthyB. luckyC. beautifulD. creative3. ---Have you heard that Song Zhongji married Song Hye Kyo ?---Yes, The film “Descendants of the Sun”(太阳的后裔) brought them to the ______of us.A. attentionB. celebrationC. introductionD. organization4. --- Boys and girls, no hand ______any other tool can be used in the game, ______ you still need to make itwork. Are you clear about the rules?---Yes, sir.A. and; soB. or; butC. and; butD. or; so5. ---That old man looks weak these days.---Yes .we're sure ____ something is wrong with him and we doubt ______ the disease can be cured.A. if; whetherB. that; thatC. whether; ifD. that; whether6. Parents will ______their children ______making friends when they attend junior high .A. strict with; withB. be strict with; inC. be strict in; withD. strict in; with7. Jim works _____ the chief engineer _____ a big company. He always works ______ high standards.A. for; as; forB. as; in; asC. as; for; toD. for; in; to8. Tan Dun has an amazing gift for art and his music is well worth ______.A. being listened toB. listen toC. listening toD. to listen to9. ______ the students ______their teacher know about the Spud Webb.A. Both…and…B. Not only…but also…C. Neither-…nor…D. Either…or…10. She is a new stude nt in Meiling Middle School and has few close friends. So she doesn’t know ______aboutthe trouble.A. who to talkB. who to talk toC. who to sayD. what to talk11. ---What do you think of the white dress?--- I ______its style, but I ______ not choose it because of its price.A. would rather; preferB. prefer; preferC. would rather; would ratherD. prefer; would rather12. Could you tell me _______?A. what she had done with the newspapersB. how we can call this ladyC. what is wrong with the little boyD. which gate I should go13. ---How do you like your new school?--- Wonderful. When I ______ trouble, many teachers and students will help me.A. look intoB. get intoC. cut intoD. break into14. When you visit a museum, some instructions should ______and we’d better not ______ them.A. pay attention to ; be against B .be paid attention ; againstC. be paid attention to ; againstD. be paid attention to ; be against15. ---Many people think women are better at cooking than men .--- ______.Most top cooks in the world are men .A I agreeB ExactlyC Not at allD That ’s not the case二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)After their business trip, John and Mary returned happily, hoping to see their lovely 36 . As they drove into their home town, they noticed a lot of 37 , and they went off their usual way to see what it was. They found a house 38 fire. Mary said, “Oh, well, it isn’t our fire, let’s go home.”But John 39 closer and screamed, “That was Fred Jones’ home. He wouldn’t come home from workyet, maybe there is something we could do.” “It has 40 to do with us,” Mary disagreed.But John drove up and stopped. A woman on the lawn was 41 , “The children! Get the children!” John shouted at her, “Tell us where the children are!” “In the 42 ,” answered the woman loudly, “down the hall and to the left.”Though Mary disagreed, John 43 into the bathroom that was full of smoke and terribly hot. He found the door and two children. As he left, he could hear some more crying. He passed the two badly scared children onto waiting arms and 44 how many more children were down there. They told him 45 more and Mary caught his arm and cried, “John! Don’t go back! It’s dangerous! That house will fall down any second.”But he ran into the smoke-filled hallway and at last he found both children. As he climbed up the stairs, the thought went 46 his mind that there was something strange about the little bodies next to 47 , and at last when they came out into the 48 and fresh air, he found that he had just 49 his own children.The baby-sitter (保姆) working for John and Mary had left their children at Fred Jones’ home50 she was doing some shopping.36.A. dog B. father C. friend D. children.37.A. light B. smoke C. water D. rubbish38. A. in B. at C. on D. of39. A. ran B. walked C. drove D. rode40. A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something41. A screaming B. saying C. talking D. speaking42. A. bathroom B. kitchen C. bedroom D. hall43. A. turned B. searched C. fell D. rushed44. A. thought B. said C. asked D. found45. A. five B. four C. three D. two46. A. across B. through C. up D. onto47. A. it B. him C. them D. her48. A. sunlight B. ground C. lawn D. field49. A. saved B. found C. lost D. missed50. A. while B. after C. so D. until三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，计30分）A. Breakfast.B. Lunch.C. Dinner.D. Three meals.52. What can you visit on the second day?A. The Great Wall and the Forbidden City.B. The Temple of Heaven and the Great Wall.C. Tian’anme n Square and the Summer Palace.D. The Forbidden City and the Temple of Heaven.53.According to the form, where is a good place to shop for Chinese goods and souvenirs ?A. Tian’anmen SquareB. The Forbidden CityC. Xiushui StreetD. the Summer Palace54. The passage is most likely to be taken from .A. a travel guideB. an instructionC. a newspaperD. an advertisementBThese days shared bikes are becoming the center of attention in my WeChat friend circle. Many of my friends are sharing photos of themselves riding bikes, especially during the weekend in natural parks, and I can see people logging in (登录) and out of shared bike apps.I’m very happy that there are shared bikes on the road. They have saved us a lot of time during special situations, and on beautiful, clear days, people enjoy riding them outside the city.I tried shared bikes last week, and I didn’t like them very much. I think the first shared bikes without baskets are designed for athletes. They are very hard to ride, and the seats are not comfortable. It makes me wonder whether people really like riding shared bikes or are just saying this to agree with others.A friend secretly told me she tried the bikes to fit in. She doesn’t like bikes and finds Beijing’s roads too hard for bike riding. But recently, the only way to hang out with her friends is riding out of town together. To join in social activities, she had to pick up bike riding again.Another friend admitted that he started talking about and sharing photos on shared bikes in order just to appear modern and fashionable to friends. He started paying attention when shared bikes first came into use.These views will give me something new to think about when I ride these bikes again.55. What does the writer himself think of shared bikes?A. They are very difficult to ride.B. Their seats are comfortable.C. Athletes like shared bikes.D. They can save us a lot of money.56. The underlined word “admitted” may mean _______________ in the passage.A. told a lieB. told the truthC. kept a promiseD. kept a secret57 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. It’s quite simple to use shared bikes at special time.B. Some people only appear to be interested in shared bikes.C. The writer likes the bikes without baskets because they are for athletes.D. Some people like to share photos riding bikes because they want to agree with others.CWhen you cough or sneeze, you’d better turn your head away from others and coveryour mouth with the full part of your hand. And then, you should say, “Excuse me.”This seems so simple, but it is surprising how many kids have never been told to do this.Actually, I notice adults all the time who cough and sneeze in public without placing a handover the mouth. One important thing I point out to the kids is that after they sneeze or coughon their hands, they should wash their hands as soon as possible. If not, they will be passing those germs (细菌) along to everything and everyone they touch.If you come to a door and someone is following you, hold the door. If the door opensby pulling, pull it open, stand to the side, and allow the other person to pass through first,then you can walk through. If the door opens by pushing, hold the door after you passthrough.After a few weeks of seeing kids try to get through doors in the school and watchingthem enter restaurants as the door hit other people, I knew I had to discuss the problem withmy students. Teaching them small acts of kindness, such as letting someone else go through a door first as theyhold it open, may seem unimportant, but it can go along way toward helping students realize how to be polite and thank others. Once they’ve been told, they’re halfway there.When we have to go up moving stairs, we will stand to the right. That will give otherswho are in a hurry a choice of walking up the left-hand side of the moving stairs. Whenwe are going to enter a lift, the underground, or a doorway, we will wait for others to exitbefore we enter.After college when I moved to London, I was surprised at how polite everyone was in the subways. I was even more touched when I traveled to Japan. In both places, people madeefforts to make way for others. On moving stairs, everyone stood to the right and walked to the left. On lifts, everyone would stand over to the side and allow others to exit before they would begin to enter.58. When you cough or sneeze, you should ________.A. touch everythingB. cover your mouthC. point out to the kidsD. pass the germs to others59. If you come to a door and someone is following you, you’d better _______.A. hold the doorB. pass throughC. close the doorD. stand to the side60. Why should we stand to the right of moving stairs?A. Becaus e it’s dangerous to stand to the left.B. Because it’s a traffic rule which we must follow.C. Because we must wait for others to move first.D. Because we should make way for people in a hurry.61. From the passage we can know the writer is a ________.A. doctorB. travelerC. parentD. teacher62. A. The passage is mainly about ______.A. the rules of acts in publicB. the ways of communicationC. the problems of meeting peopleD. the knowledge of social lifeDMany people think that keeping a diary is something that teenage girls do. It’s seen as a place to write down secrets, things you don’t want anyone else to know. The stereotype (模式化观念) is that only women keep diaries. In fact, keeping a diary is a very old tradition. It can be useful for many different types of people. Many famous people have kept diaries. Many powerful people have kept diaries. Some of these people include famous writers and presidents.Keeping a diary is said to have health advantages. Studies show that keeping a diary, that is, writing out thoughts daily, can reduce asthma symptoms (哮喘症状).Writing uses your left brain, which is thoughtful and organized. While your left brain is busy, your right brain is free to create and feel. This allows you to use all of your brain power to better understand yourself, others, and the world around you.The key to successful diary keeping is not stopping any thoughts from coming through. This even means allowing thoughts that influence you to come out in your writing. It helps make your feelings clearer, and is especially useful if a person is faced with a hard decision. Sometimes just writing down the ideas you agree and disagree helps you better understand a problem. You begin to see a problem from different ways. This is helpful if you don’t agree with others.63. What does the word “it” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Keeping away from illness.B. Using your right brain to create.C. Stopping some thoughts coming through.D. Allowing thoughts to come out in your diary.64. According to the passage, keeping diaries can help ______.A. get along with othersB. understand things betterC. know more about the old traditionD. become famous in the future65. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The advantages of keeping diaries.B. Keeping a diary with your left brain.C. The ways of keeping a diary successfully.D. The reasons girls like keeping diaries.第II卷（60分）四. 词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英文单词的适当形式填空（每空一词）66. The project he devoted much time to ________ (success) at last.67. His grandfather passed away in________ (peaceful) in his sleep.68. The man wants to live a more comfortable and________ (simply) life .21教育网69. We must first learn about the correct________ (pronounce) of all the words.70. I can clearly see the________ (sad) in her eyes. What has happened to her?71. Do you know how the matter was________ (处理)with yesterday?72. Both of his parents are busy because they work in different ________ (大学).73. The old________挂历) bought from the old things market years ago look beautiful.74. Paper cut is a ________ (传统) Chinese skill with a history of thousands of years.75. She told me her happy childhood without________ (提及)that sad story.五、任务型阅读（计10分）阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。
最新扬州市梅岭中学 2017初三期中测试及答案
扬州市梅岭中学 2017--2018学年第一学期期中考试试卷初三年级英语（时间：100 分钟；命题人：龙英审核人：花永琴）第I 卷（80分）一、听力测试（共20 小题；每小题1分，计20 分）第一部分听对话本部分共有10道小题，每小题你将听到一段对话，每段对话听两遍。
( ) 1. What will the boy take part in today?A. B. C.( ) 2. What is An n’s animal sign?A. B. C.( ) 3. What is the girl’s dream?A. B. C.( ) 4. How did the man go to the football match?A. B. C.( ) 5 What colour may represent Jenny’s feeling now?A. Blue.B. Red.C. Green.( ) 6. What does the man think of his cousin?A. Energetic.B. Curious.C. Creative.( ) 7. What is Mrs. Black like?A. Tall.B. Smart.C. Serious.( ) 8. Where does this dialogue probably take place?A. In a clothes shop.B. In a library.C. In a hospital.( ) 9. What does the girl mean?A. She doesn’t like swimming.B. She can’t go swimming with Tom.C. She will go swimming with her mother.( ) 10. When did the man become an Art teacher?A. In 2004.B. In 2006.C. In 2008.第二部分听对话和短文答题听一段对话，回答第11至12小题。
江苏省扬州市梅岭中学2018届中考第一次模拟数学试卷及答案
梅岭中学2017-2018学年第二学期九年级数学试卷（满分150分，考试时间120分钟）一、选择题（本大题共有8小题，每小题3分，共24分）2、下面调查中，适合采用普查的是（ ）A.调查全国中学生心理健康现状B.调查你所在的班级同学的身高情况C.调查50枚导弹的杀伤半径D.调查扬州电视台《今日生活》收视率3、下列各式计算正确的是()A.53232a a a =+B.()532a a =C.326a a a =÷ D.532a a a =⋅4、下列函数中,自变量x 的取值范围为x>3的是()A.y=x-3 B.31-=x y C.3-=x y D.31-=x y 5、如图，下列选项中不是正六棱柱三视图的是（ ）A.B.C.D.6、请仔细观察用直尺和圆规作一个角∠A’O’B’等于已知角∠AOB 的示意图,请你根据所学的图形的全等这一章的知识,说明画出∠A’O’B’=∠AOB 的依据是（）A.（SAS）B.（SSS）C.（AAS）D.（ASA）7、如图,A,B,P 是半径为2的O 上的三点,∠APB=45∘,则弦AB 的长为()A.2B.4C.22D.28、一种包装盒的设计方法如图所示，ABCD 是边长为80cm 的正方形硬纸片，切去阴影部分所示的四个全等的等腰直角三角形，再沿虚线折起，使得A、B、C、D 四点重合于图中的点O，形成一个底面为正方形的长方体包装盒，设BE=CF=xcm，要使包装盒的侧面积最大，则x 应取（）A、30cmB、25cmC、20cmD、15cm二、填空题（本大题共有10小题，每小3分，共30分）9、我国的南海资源丰富，其面积为3500000平方千米，相当于渤海、黄海和东海总面积的3倍。
其中3500000用科学记数法可表示为______.10、若一个正方形的面积为18，则正方形的边长为________．11、分解因式：b ab b a 442+-=______.12、反比例函数x k y 24-=的图象与直线y=21x 没有交点，则k 的取值范围是_________.13、口袋内装有一些除颜色外完全相同的红球、白球和黑球，从中摸出一球，摸出红球的概率是0.2，摸出白球的概率是0.5，那么摸出黑球的概率是_______.14、若矩形的周长为16，面积为14，则矩形的对角线长为_________.15、如图，每个小正方形的边长均为1，A，B，C 是小正方形的顶点，则sin∠ABC=.16、如图，▱ABCD 的对角线BD 上有点E.F，若要使四边形AECF 是平行四边形，则要添加一个条件，可以加的条件是___.(只添加一个条件）17、如图,正五边形ABCDE 的边长为2,分别以点C.D 为圆心,CD 长为半径画弧,两弧交于点F,则BFˆ的长为___.18、如图,△ABC 三个顶点分别在反比例函数y=1x,y=kx 的图象上,若∠C=90∘,AC∥y 轴,BC∥x 轴,S△ABC=8,则k 的值为_______三、解答题19、(1)计算：12−3tan30°−(2-21⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛；(2)解方程：2x -4x −1=0.20、先化简,再求值：1221132+--÷⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛---x x x x x ，其中x 是不等式组x-3(x-2)≥24x-2＜5x-1的一个整数解。
扬州市梅岭中学-2017初三期中测试及答案
扬州市梅岭中学-2017初三期中测试及答案扬州市梅岭中学 2017--2018学年第一学期期中考试试卷初三年级英语（时间：100 分钟；命题人：龙英审核人：花永琴）第I 卷（80分）一、听力测试（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，计 20 分）第一部分听对话本部分共有10道小题，每小题你将听到一段对话，每段对话听两遍。
( ) 1. What will the boy take part in today?A. B. C.( ) 2. What is Ann’s animal sign?A. B.C.( ) 3. What is the girl’s dream?A. B. C.第 2 页共 17 页( ) 4. How did the man go to the football match?A. B. C.( ) 5 What colour may represent Jenny’s feeling now?A. Blue.B. Red.C. Green.( ) 6. What does the man think of his cousin?A. Energetic.B. Curious.C. Creative.( ) 7. What is Mrs. Black like?A. Tall.B. Smart.C. Serious.( ) 8. Where does this dialogue probably take place?A. In a clothes shop.B. In a library.C. In a hospital.( ) 9. What does the girl mean?A. She doesn’t like swimming.B. She can’tgo swimming with Tom.C. She will go swimming with her mother. ( ) 10. When did the man become an Art teacher?A. In 2004.B. In 2006.C. In 2008.第二部分听对话和短文答题听一段对话，回答第11至12小题。
江苏省扬州市梅岭中学2018届九年级上学期第一次月考语文试卷
扬州市梅岭中学2017—2018第一学期第一次质量检测初三年级语文学科（时间：150分钟；）一、积累与运用（共34分）1. 下列加点字的读音没有错误的一项是（）（3分）A．惬．意（qiâ）古刹．（shà）攒．聚（cuán）苍劲．（jìng）B．别墅．（shù）褴．褛（lán）寒噤．（jìn）殷．红（yīn）C．淅沥（xī）秀颀．．（qú）圩．子（yǔ）针砭．（biǎn）D．精髓．（suǐ）恣睢．（suī）占．卜（zhān）窥．谷忘反（kuī）2．下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一项是（）（3分）A．为了做好太湖蓝藻治理工作，省委主要领导赶赴无锡，下车伊始．．．．便亲临现场查看情况。
B．班长提议星期天去敬老院参加义务劳动，大家随波逐流．．．．，纷纷表示赞同。
C．真实的月球与传说中美丽的月亮大相径庭．．．．，它其实是一块冰冷的“大石头”。
D．凡是优秀的演员，总能把剧中人物的内心世界表演得惟妙惟肖．．．．。
3.下列句子没有语病的一项是（）（3分）A．美国科学家日前宣布，他们找到了一种更有效的利用核能制取氢气。
B．王老师耐心地纠正并指出了课堂作业中存在的问题，让我受益匪浅。
C．通过开展“全国文明城市”创建活动，我市环境卫生状况有了很大改变。
D．能否根治中小学生沉迷网络游戏的顽症，是保证青少年健康成长的条件之一。
4.下列说法错误的一项是( ) （3分）A.《林中小溪》选自《林中水滴》，作者普里什文，美国作家。
本文通过小溪流过森林全过程中表现出来的冲决一切障碍、非到达自由水域不可的顽强精神的描写，透露出融入自然、亲和自然的感情，表现出自己的生活信念和人生哲理。
B.《画山绣水》作者杨朔，现代散文家。
这篇散文从漓江上观赏山水自然风景出发，去发掘因奋斗而取得美好生活的内涵，表现出珍惜现在、创造未来的人生理想。
C.《陈涉世家》选自《史记•陈涉世家》，作者司马迁，字子长，西汉夏阳人，史学家、文学家、思想家。
扬州市梅岭中学-2017初三期中测试及答案
扬州市梅岭中学 2017--2018学年第一学期期中考试试卷初三年级英语（时间：100 分钟；命题人：龙英审核人：花永琴）第I 卷（80分）一、听力测试（共20 小题；每小题1分，计20 分）第一部分听对话本部分共有10道小题，每小题你将听到一段对话，每段对话听两遍。
( ) 1. What will the boy take part in today?A. B. C.( ) 2. What is An n’s animal sign?A. B. C.( ) 3. What is the girl’s dream?A. B. C.( ) 4. How did the man go to the football match?A. B. C.( ) 5 What colour may represent Jenny’s feeling now?A. Blue.B. Red.C. Green.( ) 6. What does the man think of his cousin?A. Energetic.B. Curious.C. Creative.( ) 7. What is Mrs. Black like?A. Tall.B. Smart.C. Serious.( ) 8. Where does this dialogue probably take place?A. In a clothes shop.B. In a library.C. In a hospital.( ) 9. What does the girl mean?A. She doesn’t like swimming.B. She can’t go swimming with Tom.C. She will go swimming with her mother.( ) 10. When did the man become an Art teacher?A. In 2004.B. In 2006.C. In 2008.第二部分听对话和短文答题听一段对话，回答第11至12小题。
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扬州市梅岭中学 2017--2018学年第一学期第一次质量检测初三年级历史学科（时间： 60分钟；命题人：魏欣彩；审核人：程庭）一、单项选择题（本大题25小题，每小题1分，共25分。
）1“在神学笼罩的黑暗中，思想文化的巨人向愚昧和无知发起了挑战”的历史事件是（）A．工业革命B．新航路开辟C．文艺复兴D．英国资产阶级革命2. 文艺复兴时期，一大批文学界、艺术界、科学界巨人通过文学作品、绘画和各种著作传播人文主义思想。
这些“巨人”有( )①但丁②爱迪生③达·芬奇④瓦特A.①②④B.②③C.①③D.①②③④3.以下语句，符合文艺复兴时期人文主义内涵的是（）A．国王的权力是神授予的B．人具有伟大的力量C．人是上帝的奴仆D．上帝的伟大是人不能企及的4.人们常说的发现“新大陆”，是指（）A．郑和船队到达非洲东海岸和红海沿岸 B．达伽马船队到达印度C．哥伦布船队到达美洲 D．麦哲伦船队完成环球航行5.世界文明的交流经历了由分散到整体、由区域到全球的演变过程。
现在我们知道这一过程真正开始于（）A．新航路的开辟 B．文艺复兴运动 C．英国资产阶级革命 D．法国大革命6.有史学家认为：实际上，严格的全球意义上的世界历史直到哥伦布、达·伽马和麦哲伦进远洋探险时才开始。
这说明新航路的开辟（）A.推动了欧洲思想文化的发展B.逐渐把世界连成一个整体C.推动了欧洲和拉丁美洲的革命运动D.导致了西方先进、东方落后的局面7.文艺复兴和新航路开辟对近代社会所起的共同作用是（）A.促进了近代自然科学的发展B.揭露和批判了教会的黑暗C.复兴了古典文化D.促进了欧洲资本主义社会的产生和发展8.在民主国家里，法律便是国王；在专制国家里，国王就是法律。
下列国家中最早开始从“国王就是法律”向“法律便是国王”转变的是（）A.英国B.法国C.美国D.中国9.1689年，威廉三世在伦敦威斯敏寺里，除双手接受议会代表奉送的王冠，还接受了一部世界历史上著名的宪法性文件。
这一文件是（）A．《大宪章》 B．《权利法案》C．《商法典》 D．《人权宣言》10.2011年4月29日，英国女王出席威廉王子的盛大婚礼，受到世人普遍关注。
下列对英王的表述不正确的是（）A．国家的象征 B．在英国人民心中仍有较高的威望C．仍享有统治国家的绝对权力 D．权力受到议会的制约11.革命的形式并不代表革命的效果和性质。
下列历史事件中，以民族独立战争形式为表现的资产阶级革命是（）A.美国独立战争B.法国大革命C.英国资产阶级革命D.印度民族大起义12.华盛顿在1783 年12 月的辞职讲话中说：“现在，我已经完成了赋予我的使命，我将退出这个伟大的舞台，并且向庄严的国会告别。
在它的命令之下，我奋战已久。
我谨在此交出委任并辞去我所有的公职。
”华盛顿完成的使命是（ ）A.迫使英军投降B.取得了独立战争胜利C.完成了美国宪法的制定D.废除了奴隶制13.根据下列提示，请说出与之相关的文件名称，这部文件是（ ）A ．《独立宣言》B ．《人权宣言》C ．《权利法案》D ．《法典》14.这一事件本身并没有什么实际作用。
不过，它摧毁了平民心目中压迫的象征，掀开了轰轰烈烈的法国大革命的序幕。
”材料中的“这一事件”是指（ ）A ．推翻斯图亚特王朝统治B ．来克星顿的枪声C ．巴黎人民攻占巴士底狱D ．建立法兰西第一帝国15.欧美早期资产阶级革命期间发表的代表性文献中，体现《人权宣言》显著特征的内容是（ ）A.凡未经议会同意，以国王权威停止法律或停止法律实施之僭越权力，为非法权力……B.行政权、立法权和司法权应该分开，否则就会产生独裁和专制……C.人人生而平等，造物者赋予他们……生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利D.法律仅有权禁止有害于社会的行为……财产权是人神圣不可侵犯的权利……16.法国大革命结束的标志是（ ）A 、热月政变B 、雾月政变C 、处死国王路易十六D 、拿破仑建立帝国 17.1789年发生在法国的革命被认为是一场真正的政治大革命，其主要原因是法国大革命（ ）A ．处死国王路易十六 B.宣扬法律面前人人平等C ．彻底摧毁法国封建制度 D.传播了民主、自由思想18.17、18世纪，英国、美国、法国先后爆发革命，推动人类文明向前迈出了一大步。
这里的“一大步”是指 （ ）A ．结束了殖民统治B ．确立了资本主义制度C ．推动工业革命进入新阶段D ．赢得了国家独立19.下列关于《权利法案》《独立宣言》《人权宣言》共同点的说法不准确的是 （ ）A ．都反对封建专制统治B ．都反映了资产阶级的要求C ．都具有历史的进步性D ．都有利于资本主义的发展20.下列人物中，在对外战争中同时具备反封建、争霸、侵略性质的是（ ）A ．克伦威尔B ．拿破仑C ．华盛顿D ．明治天皇21.下列关于拿破仑对外战争的评价，不正确的是（ ）A.打击欧洲的封建势力B.符合欧洲被占领国家人民的利益C.巩固了本国的资产阶级统治D.是法兰西第一帝国覆亡的直接原因22.梯也尔在评价拿破仑时说：“这是同亚历山大和凯撒一样的天才人物……竟有立法家的才能”。
他之所以认为拿破仑具有立法家的才能，是因为（ ）A ．拿破仑一生打了多次胜仗B ．拿破仑建立了法兰西第一帝国C 拿破仑颁布《法典》，巩固资产阶级统治D ．拿破仑曾率军入侵俄国提示一：它诞生于英国的殖民地23．在工业革命期间，他发明的交通工具使得世界各大洲之间的联系更加密切，缩短了海陆之间的距离，尤其是缩短了欧美大陆间的距离。
这个人是（ ）A.史蒂芬孙B.瓦特C.富尔敦D.哈格里夫斯24.《全球通史》记载：“它提供了控制和利用热能、为机械提供动力的手段。
因而，它结束了人类对畜力、风力和水力的由来已久的依赖。
”材料中的“它”指（ ）A ．瓦特改良的蒸汽机B ．史蒂芬孙发明的火车C ．富尔敦制成的汽船D ．本茨创制的三轮汽车25.1848年2月18---19日，伦敦瓦伦街19号，哈里逊印刷所。
一本小册子正在悄悄印刷。
这本绿色封面、只有23页的德文小册子，油墨未干便被分发到各国的同盟盟员手里，成为工人阶级斗争的思想武器。
这本小册子是（ ）A ．《人权宣言》B ．《人民宪章》C ．《法兰西内战》D ．《共产党宣言》二、材料题(本大题共2小题，26题14分，27题11分，共25分)26．14至18世纪的欧洲经历了一场社会巨变，在各个领域出现了一些新现象，不断冲击 着旧观念、旧制度……推动欧洲迈入近代社会。
阅读下列材料，回答问题：（14分）材料一：（达·芬奇）以新奇的目光重新审视一切的勇气和热情，才能使人类精神从经院的暗室，冲向色彩缤纷的新天地……我们相信伟大的时代塑造了达·芬奇，而达·芬奇又成为那个时代一个不朽的标记。
——侯建新《社会转型时期的西欧与中国》材料二：仅仅一个世纪之后，欧洲的航海家们已经发现了我们现在所知世界的大部分地区，并绘制成图。
在最早的几次航行中，探险家首先开辟航线永远地结束了世界主要文明相互隔绝的局面。
——《人类文明史图鉴：发现新大陆（公元1400年——1500年）》 材料三：英国用“光荣革命”的非暴力手段建立了一种新的政治制度……新制度营造出一种宽松、自由和开放的环境……否则，就难以想象英国社会如何能够在18、19世纪和平地实现现代化。
——钱乘旦《世界现代化历程》材料四：欧洲主要国家城市化速度模拟图（1300—1800年）——据罗伯特·艾伦《放眼全球的深度透视》材料五：⑴ 据材料一指出达·芬奇所处时代的核心思想是什么？（1分）这个时代对欧洲资本主义的发展有着怎样的意义？（1分）图一图二 图三⑵材料二反映了人类历史上的哪一重大事件？（1分）该事件发生的根本原因是什么？（1分）结合所学指出它对欧洲的发展产生了怎样的影响。
（1分）⑶据材料三并结合所学知识，指出“光荣革命”后，英国确立了代表哪些阶级利益的政体？（2分）英国资产阶级革命对欧洲其他国家产生了怎样的影响？（1分）⑷据材料四并结合所学知识，指出18世纪中期以后城市化急剧加速的是哪个国家？（1分）促成该国城市化急剧加速的主要历史事件是什么？（1分）该事件把人类带入什么时代？（1分）（5）依据资料五所示的漫画，分析工业革命以来，工业文明给人类社会带来什么问题？（1分）（6）综合上述材料，归纳推动欧洲近代社会巨变的主要因素有哪些？（2分）27．阅读下列材料：(11分)材料一：在英国资产阶级革命中，他带领一些自耕农参加国会的军队，在打败国王的战争中发挥了重要作用。
后来他以其掌握的军事力量为后盾，就任“护国公”。
材料二：他国会发表了简短的演说：“现在，我已经完成了赋予我的使命，我将退出这个伟大的舞台，并且向尊严的国会告别。
在它的命令下，我奋战已久。
我谨在些交出委任并辞去我所有的公职。
”材料三：18 世纪末的法国大革命从许多方面来看都是美国革命的一个直接后果，但它要解决的问题却不同于美国革命，而和一个半世纪以前的英国革命如出一辄……——摘自马克垚主编《世界文明史》材料四：19世纪，他率兵攻占意大利。
一位意大利人就此事写道：“没有人比我更懂得滋润意大利土壤并使之恢复生气的每一滴慷慨的法国人鲜血的价值。
但是，我必须说这样的一句话：看到法国人离开有一种由衷的、说不出的快乐。
”请回答：（1）材料一所说的历史人物是谁？（1分）被处死的国王是谁？（1分）英国最终确立的政治体制是什么？（1分）（2）材料二中所说的历史人物是谁？（1分）除材料二中的使命之外，他还对美国作出了什么贡献？（1分）（3）法国大革命和英国资产阶级革命爆发的共同原因是什么？（1分）这两个国家的革命哪一个更彻底？（1分）（4）材料四中所说的“他”指的是谁？（1分）“法国人的鲜血使意大利恢复了生气”指的是什么？（1分）意大利人感到“快乐”的主要原因是什么？（1分）（5）以上材料所指的历史事件，表明当时的历史发展趋势是什么？（1分）。