MBA英语阅读翻译长难句结构分析
MBA语法与长难句分析讲义
MBA语法与长难句分析第一章句子基本结构1.最基本句子结构：A＋B＋（C）(重在理解！)A系统：名词性。
B系统：唯一性；动词性C部分只有这样三种基本形式：C= N. ，此时B＝Vt.C= N.; Adj; Prep，此时，B＝Link. V.C= 0, 此时B＝Vi请判定一下句子是否是语法正确的句子1)She knew he was still alive, she could hardly speak without weeping.2)There are some people think lucky numbers can bring good luck.3)He committed another mistake made the boss intensely furious.4)Should the university campus be open to tourists has caused a heated debate in China.5)Study English grammar with Stephen was a pleasant experience.6)My biggest headache is memorize so many words a day.2.基本句型A +B +C的转换与扩大3.结构的启示第二章 B与时间：时态1.时态的含义及分类2.现在时态一般现在；现在进行现在完成一般将来现在完成进行将来完成3.过去时态一般过去过去进行过去完成过去将来4.时态的配合1)现在与现在配合；过去与过去配合。
* I saw a lot of people when I am walking along the Wuluo Road.2)一般将来时和一般现在时分别在主从句中I will phone you when I reach the hotel.If it is still hot tomorrow, John will go swimming in the East Lake.3)从句：since…过去时，主句：现在完成时Since the PRC was founded, he has lived here in this shabby house.第三章AC换位：被动语态1.英语句子有两种语态2.vi有被动语态吗？3.被动语态的构成为be＋V-ed4.被动语态有时态变化吗？5.为什么要使用被动语态？6.汉英被动语态的异同7.如何判定被动语态？（重点）：意义法；形式法☞Your PIN will not verify during the deposit transaction. (T or F?)第四章B表示非真实：虚拟语气1.概念虚拟；主观2.分类非真实条件句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气3.非真实条件中句中的虚拟语气1) 条件结果时间一致：主从句谓语形式一览表（简化版）假设主句从句现在的“虚” would + v V-ed（be用were）过去的“虚” would have + v-ed had+ v-ed将来的“虚” would +v should + v/were to v✓In his opinion, England or France would have swallowed the other if there had not been the Chunnel.✓If he had been here, he would have helped you.✓If your letter had come a little earlier, I would have accepted your job offer.2) 条件结果时间不一致：✓If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be well now. (主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反)3). 虚拟条件的其他表示：介词短语(with/ without/ but for)；连词（otherwise, or）上下文✓Without your help, we would be still in the dark.4) But for 与if 从句的转换But for his help, we would be still in the dark.= If it were not for his help, ….=if it had not been for his help,….5) if的省略4.宾语从句中的虚拟语气1)用于表示意愿、建议、命令等动词后的that宾语从句中:1）suggest , move propose, desire, advise, recommend,2）request, require, order, command, demand,3）insist, maintain✓They maintain that we should take these steps.✓The new traffic law requires that passengers sitting in the front of the car should wear a seatbelt.两点注意：小练习：The Senator proposed at the conference that all necessary measures ________ (take) to ensure the security of the region.2)表示宁愿wish；would rather✓I would rather they stayed at home waiting.比较：I would rather stay at home waiting.小练习：Who would you rather ___ with you to that fantastic place, Mary or Rose?A) go B) went5.主语从句中的虚拟语气It’s necessary / important / essential/ natural …(should) ＋vit’s better/ advisable/ decided/ demanded/ desired/ suggested/ arranged/ ...(should) ＋vit’s a pity/ shame/ incredible/ strange/ no wonder ... (should) ＋v ✓It is better that we meet some other time.✓It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.注意：It is time + that 从句（用一般过去式或should + 动词原形）✓It’s time we went / should go to bed.注意：此种情况下should v，现在较少用。
MBA英语阅读翻译长难句结构分析
英语阅读翻译长难句结构分析（一）一、了解句子主要成分:1. 主语、表语、宾语(1) What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real. 商人们自认为他们领导了一场生产力革命，这场革命是否确有其事，这一点更加难以确定。
（2）The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. 问题在于，近年发生的生产力快速增长部分是由于商业周期通常到了这时候就会出现的反弹造成的，因而它不是经济复苏潜在趋势的结论性证据。
(3) Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higherstill in the short term. 强劲的经济增长势头，随着北半球冬季的到来，有可能在短期内使石油价格涨得更高。
(4) When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. 当一场新的艺术运动形成某种时尚时，理应弄清其倡导者的目标所在，因为无论他们的准那么在今天看来是多么牵强附会、不可思议，将来都有可能被视为正常的。
英语阅读
MBA英语阅读理解：阅读记词长难句分析1)It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the new machines and on the society into which the machines have been introduced.【解析】主句：it is assumed that。
it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，其中有一个由who引导的定语从句，修饰the lives，还有一个由into which 引导的定语从句，修饰the society。
【参考译文】人们经常这样设想，工作的机械化对操作新机器的生活产生了革命性的影响，并且对引进机器的社会也产生了革命性的影响。
2)Friedrich Engels, however, predicted that women would be liberated from the “social, legal, and economic subordination” of the family by technological developments that made possible the recruitment of “the whole female sex… into public industry.”【解析】主句是Fredrich Engels predicted that...，however是插入语，第一个that引导的宾语从句;第二个that引导的是定语从句，修饰developments，其中有一个make+宾语+形容词结构，由于the recruitment of the who female sex into public industry太长，所以只能放在possible之后。
英语长难句分析英语长句结构分析及翻译实例
英语长难句分析英语长句结构分析及翻译实例英语长句分析和翻译实例是对英语长句的结构和翻译方法进行探讨和示范。
英语长句通常由多个从句和状语从句组成，其结构复杂、语法层次丰富。
以下是一些常见的英语长句结构和翻译实例：
1.主从复合句结构：
-原句结构：主句+从句
- 翻译实例：I will go to the movie theater tonight, if I finish my homework.（如果我完成作业，我今晚会去电影院）
2.并列句结构：
-原句结构：句子1，连词，句子2
- 翻译实例：He studied hard for the exam, but he still failed.（他为了考试努力学习，但仍然没通过）
3.倒装句结构：
-原句结构：完全倒装句型，谓语在主语前
- 翻译实例：Only when the rain stopped did we go outside.（只有等雨停下来我们才出去）
4.强调句结构：
- 原句结构：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分
- 翻译实例：It was Tom who broke the vase.（正是汤姆打碎了花瓶）
对于长句的翻译，可以采取以下方法：
-分割长句，将从句、状语从句分别翻译，再进行合并。
-对英语长句进行拆分，将其翻译为多个简洁且清晰的句子。
-确保翻译的流畅性和准确性，同时要注意语序的变化。
总之，对于英语长句的结构分析和翻译实例，重要的是理解其语法结构、使用正确的连词、灵活运用翻译策略，并保持翻译的准确和自然。
英语翻译70长难句分析
研究生英语长难句分析70句1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.结构分析:句子的主干是This will be particularly true…。
since引导原因状语从句。
此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰the high-energy American fashion。
在定语从句中，that做主语，makes做谓语，it做形式宾语，不定式短语to combine few farmers with high yields则是真正的宾语（不定式短语内部to combine是主干，few farmers是宾语，with high yields是状语），possible做宾语补足语。
this指代前句中提到的这种困境。
energy pinch译为“能源的匮乏”;in…fashion译为“用…方法、方式”。
译文：这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。
2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter，we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison.结构分析:句子的主干是we must be sure…。
MBA联考英语专项辅导：长难句结构分析8
MBA联考英语专项辅导：长难句结构分析871. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river--and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers, "Pluff! Pluff!" A hundred and eighty-five kilograms."[参考译文] 但当我们先是从注释中得知某诗行讲述了一个土耳其军官和一个保加利亚军官在桥上动手打架并双双掉进河里，而后却发现该行诗中不过只充斥着"扑通，扑通，185公斤重"这类对他们落水时的动静以及对军官们体重的描写时，我们不免感到困惑不安。
72. The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male- domiated job market have limited the opportunities of teen-agers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Janpan's rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.[参考译文] 战后婴儿潮一代的步入成年以及女性打入男性主导的劳动力市场使得青少年的发展机会变得极为有限，他们已经在不停地质疑为了爬上日本国内那通往优秀学校和体面工作的严酷的社会阶梯而做出的巨大的个人牺牲。
翻译英文长难句的分析方法
长难句是指语法复杂且信息量较大的句子。
英文翻译中经常会遇到长难句，翻译起来会比较困难，以下是详细说明的英文翻译长难句方法和例子：1.确定主语和谓语：先将长句中的主语和谓语确定下来，帮助理解句子的基本语法结构。
例子：英文：The conference that was held last week to promote the new product was a success. 翻译成中文：上周举办的推广新产品的会议取得了成功。
2.寻找句子中的包含性信息：寻找句子中并列或与主句相关的从句，以获得更多的信息。
例子：英文：The theme of this year's conference, which is being held in Paris, is innovation in technology and design. 翻译成中文：今年在巴黎举办的会议的主题是技术和设计创新。
3.理解从句中的关系：获得复合句和从句之间关系的基础知识，例如因果、条件、同意和对比等。
例子：英文：As the weather got colder this winter, I started wearing multiple layers of clothing to keep warm. 翻译成中文：随着这个冬天天气越来越冷，我开始穿多层衣服保暖。
4.研究并理解上下文：将长句放入文章或段落的上下文中，以便更好地理解句子的含义和目的。
例子：英文：Despite the difficulties we faced last year, we achieved record sales and profits in several key markets. 翻译成中文：尽管去年我们面临重重困难，但我们在几个关键市场实现了创纪录的销售和利润。
5.长句分解成短句：允许句子中的字母、组成单词和整个单词来表示一个概念，从而更容易阅读和翻译句子。
MBA英语阅读翻译长难句结构分析(四)
7．In the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization —with all the far reaching changes in social patterns that followed—was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so.在先期实现工业化的欧洲国家中，其工业化历程以及随之而来的各类深刻的社会结构转变，持续了年夜约一个世纪之久，而现在一个成长中国家在十年摆布就可能完成这个过程。
8．The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.强调收集第一手资料，加上在剖析曩昔和此刻文化形态时采用跨文化视角，使得这一研究成为一门怪异而且很是主要的社会科学。
9．With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be—even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as Literature.然而，就未来派诗歌而言，情形却年夜不不异，因为无论未来派诗歌为何物，即使认可其理论按照可能正确，也很难称之为文学。
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MBA英语阅读翻译长难句结构分析一、了解句子主要成分:1. 主语、表语、宾语(1) What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.商人们自认为他们领导了一场生产力革命，这场革命是否确有其事，这一点更加难以确定。
(2）The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. 问题在于，近年发生的生产力快速增长部分是由于商业周期通常到了这时候就会出现的反弹造成的，因而它不是经济复苏潜在趋势的结论性证据。
(3) Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.强劲的经济增长势头，随着北半球冬季的到来，有可能在短期内使石油价格涨得更高。
(4) When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.当一场新的艺术运动形成某种时尚时，理应弄清其倡导者的目标所在，因为无论他们的准则在今天看来是多么牵强附会、不可思议，将来都有可能被视为正常的。
2. 定语 (1) One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity price inflation and global excess demand.另外一个不应因油价上升而失眠的原因是，与20世纪70年代不同，这次油价上升不是发生在普遍的物价暴涨及全球需求过旺背景之下。
The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. 解决任何问题，甚至是识别问题存在的能力都取决于记忆。
(2) The examples of Virtual Vineyards, Amazon. com, and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers.像Virtual Vineyards 和及其他开拓者的例子表明：一个销售适类商品的网站，如果将互动、热情服务、安全合理结合，肯定会吸引网上用户的。
(3) Moreover, most of the changes that companies make are intended to keep them profitable, and this need not always mean increasing productivity；switching to new markets or improving quality can matter just as much.另外，公司的大部分改革是为了赢利，而达到赢利的目的不一定非要提高生产力，转入新的市场或改善产品质量也会有同样的功效。
(4) The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, timeconsuming and sometimes even overwhelming. 今天，个人可获得的信息比任何时代的人都多，而要找到一条与自己问题相关的信息既复杂又耗时，有时甚至相当困难。
二、把握结构特征1．根据词汇搭配辨认结构(1) It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end-of-life care.报告确定了医院临终关怀护理中存在的两个问题：对病痛处理不力和大胆使用“无效而强制性的医疗程序”，这些程序可能会延长死亡期，甚至会让病人临终时痛苦不堪。
(2)In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.作为回应，学校也在调整课程安排，使授课能够适应特殊儿童，适应那些不能从常规课程中真正获益的儿童的需要。
(3) I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of “having it all”, preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven years in the pages of She magazine, into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything.我已从一个“获得一切”哲学（琳达·凯茜过去七年中在《女性》这本杂志所宣扬的）的狂热支持者，变成了一个乐于接受任何东西只要一丁点的女人。
(4) But however amazed our descendants may be at how far from Utopia we were, they will look just like us.但是，不管我们的子孙后代对我们离乌托邦的理想境界还差多远有多么惊讶，他们的样子会同我们差不了多少。
2. 根据语法规则辨认结构(1) While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic decline—after the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late’80s—and is still linked to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middle class downshifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives.在美国，这种趋势一开始是对经济衰落所做出的一种反应——出现于80年代后期缩小经济规模所引起的大量人员冗余之后——现在这种趋势仍被认为与节俭政治有关联；而在英国，至少在我所认识的愿意简化生活的中产阶级中，却有着不同的缘由去寻求使自己的生活简单化。
(2) Again, differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished.人与人之间的差异和利用差异进行自然选择的机会再一次失去。
(3) The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.这种变革通过聘用大量专业人员来适应新时代的技术要求，并防止了效率的降低，而在过去这种低效率使得许多旧式家族企业在精力充沛的创业者之后的第二、三代手中破产倒闭。
三、插入：1．This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.对于那些还没有意识到存在这种不公平待遇的人，可以这么向他们解释：它指的是歧视那些姓氏字母在字母表中排得靠后的人。