专业英语1
英语专业高级英语1课后paraphrase答案
1) Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people2) Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market.3) They narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down.4) He will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining.5) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear.1) Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them.2) The cab driver’s door popped open at the very sight ofa traveler.3) The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.4) I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks.5) The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was.6) After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.7) I was about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in, jolting me out of my sad reverie.8) I thought somehow I had been spared.第五课1) Hitler was counting on enlisting capitalist and Right Wing sympathies in this country and the U. S. A.2) Winant said the same would be true of the U. S. A.3) My life is much simplified thereby.4) I will unsay no word that I have spoken about it.5) I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.6) We shall be strengthened not weakened in determination and in resources.7) Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength while life and power remain.第六课1) The house detective's piggy eyes surveyed her sardonically from his gross jowled face.2) Pretty neat set-up you folks got.3) The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle.4) He lowered the level of his incongruous falsetto voice.5) The words spat forth with sudden savagery, all pretense of blandness gone.6) The Duchess of Corydon – three centuries and a half of in-bred arrogance behind her -- did not yield easily.7) "It is no go, old girl. I'm afraid. It was a good try."8) "That's more like it," Ogilvie said. He lit the fresh cigar, "Now we're getting somewhere."9) his eyes sardonically on the Duchess as if challenging her objection.10) The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly.第九课1)a man who became constantly preoccupied by the moral weaknesses of mankind.2)Mark Twain first observed and absorbed the new American experience, and then introduce it to the world in his books or lectures.3)In his new profession he could meet people of all kinds.4)With no money and a frashated feeling, he accepted a job as reporter with Territorial Enterprise in Virginia City, ...5)Mark Twain began working hard to became well known locally as a newspaper reporter and humorist.6)and when California makes a plan for a new surprise, the solemn people in other states of the U.S. smile as usual, making a comment "that's typical of California".7)The man who had made the world laugh was himself consumed by bitterness.第十课1) We have some clever and unexpected tactics and we will surprise them in the trial.1) We have some clever and unexpected tactics and we will surprise them in the trial.2) The case had come down upon me unexpectedly and violently.2) The case had come down upon me unexpectedly and violently.3) The fundamentalists believe in a word-for-word acceptance of what is said in the Bible.3) The fundamentalists believe in a word-for-word acceptance of what is said in the Bible.4) That all life had developed gradually from a common original organism.4) That all life had developed gradually from a common original organism.5) Let's accuse Scopes of teaching evolution and let the court decide whether he is breaking the law or not.5) Let's accuse Scopes of teaching evolution and let the court decide whether he is breaking the law or not.6) People from the nearby mountains, mostly fundamentalists, came to support Bryan against those professors, scientists, and lawyers who came from the northern big cities and were not fundamentalists.6) People from the nearby mountains, mostly fundamentalists, came to support Bryan against those professors, scientists, and lawyers who came from the northern big cities and were not fundamentalists.7) As my father complained angrily, "That's no jury at all. “7) As my father complained angrily, "That’s no jury at all.”8) He is here because unenlightenment and prejudice are widespread and unchecked.8) He is here because unenlightenment and prejudice are widespread and unchecked.9) People had to pay in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and humans could have a common ancestry.9) People had to pay in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and humans could have a common ancestry.10) And the crowd, who were mainly fundamentalists, took his words showing no fear as if they were prayers, interrupting frequently with "Amen".10) And the crowd, who were mainly fundamentalists, took his words showing no fear as if they were prayers, interrupting frequently with "Amen".。
手机维修专业英语(1)
LNA： LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER，低噪声放大器，用于接收机的第一级放大器。出现故障会出现接收差或不上网故障
LPF： LOW PASS FILTER，低通滤波器，常出现在频率合成电路中。滤除鉴相器输出的高频成份，防止高频干扰VCO工作。
APC： 自动功率控制，用于发射机的功率放大器部分
BAND： 频段
BUFFER： 缓冲放大器。常出现于VCO电路的输出端
CTL-GSM： GSM控制信号
CTL-PCN： 双频手机的PCN控制信号 personal communication net
DCS： DIGITAL COMMUNICATION CONVERSION，数字通信系统，工作在1800MHZ频段
VLR：来访位置寄存器 visit
AUC：鉴权中心
ISDN：综合业务数字网 integrated service digital net
PLMN：公用陆地移动网 public land mobile net
PstN：公共交换电话网 public switch telephone net
PLL：锁相环。常用于控制和频率合成电路。 Phase lock loop
PWRLEL：POWER LEVEL，功率控制参考电平。
RF：RADIO FREQUENCY，射频
RFCLK：射频时钟信号
RFI：逻辑射频接口电路
RFVCO：射频VCO。用于接收机第一混频器及发射机电路。作为本机振荡信号
浮动栅极定位于源极区与漏极区之间。
Positive Channel P沟道
专业英语-Lesson-1
Unit 1 General Chemistry Lesson 1Inorganic Chemistry 无机化学是一门涉及化学性质和无机化合物反应的化学学科分支。
无机化学包括了所有除了那些基于链或环的碳原子的被称为有机化合物，并在有机化合物的独立标题下研究有机化学的化合物。
两学科之间的区别并不是绝对的,两者之间有许多重叠,最重要的是在有机金属化学的分支学科上。
1．主要概念无机化合物主要是盐，它是通过阴、阳离子通过离子键键合形成。
例如：阳离子钠Na+和镁Mg2+分别与阴离子氧O2—-和氯Cl-形成化合物。
盐都是电中性的,如离子化合物氧化钠Na2O或氯化镁MgCl2。
这些离子的电性可以由他们的氧化态和易于形成可以从他们母体元素中的电离电位和电子亲和力推断出来的来描述。
一类重要的无机化合物是氧化物,碳酸盐、硫酸盐和卤化物。
许多无机化合物都具有很高的熔点。
固态无机盐是典型的不良导体。
另一个重要性质是他们在水中的溶解度和容易结晶。
有些盐(例如NaCl)极易溶于水,另一些(例如二氧化硅)是不易溶于水的。
最简单的无机反应是复分解反应，即在两种盐的混合物中，离子相互交换但不发生电荷及化合价的改变。
在氧化还原反应中，氧化剂的化合价降低，还原剂的化合价升高，最终的结果是发生了。
交换电子也可以间接发生，例如电池——电化学中一个很重要的概念。
在酸碱化学中，反应物包含氢原子的反应可以通过交换质子发生。
更广泛的定义就是：在任何化学种类里能结合电子对的被称为路易斯酸,相反的，任何提供电子对的分子被称为路易斯碱。
在精细酸碱反应中,软硬酸碱理论考虑到离子的极化性和离子大小。
无机化合物存在于天然矿物质中。
例如土壤和黄铁矿中含有硫化亚铁，石膏中含有硫酸钙。
无机化合物应用于多个方面：作为生物大分子，作为电解液(氯化钠)，作为储能物(ATP)或作为结构骨架（DNA 骨架中的多磷酸盐)。
最重要的人工合成的无机化合物是通过哈伯合成氨法合成的，用于土壤施肥的亚硝酸盐铵。
专业英语作业1
《专业英语》作业global corporation全球公司economic boom 经济繁荣Ownership 所有权joint-venture合资企业headquarters 总部Competitive Advantage 竞争优势Entrepreneur企业家equity股权Insurance costs 保险费用bargaining power 议价能力overhead开销Insurance Company 保险公司stock options股票期权consumer appliance 家电消费Insurance contract 保险合同performance-based pay 基础薪酬policy-holder 投保人Commission 佣金personal effects 个人财物natural calamities 自然灾害Decision 决策insurance amount 保险金额insurance coverage 保险保障Venture Capital 风险资本marine coverage 海险salvage charge 救助费用Food chain 食物链general average 共同海损mass production 大规模生产containerization 集装箱distributor 经销商Chain stores 连锁商店phone interview 电话面试vending machine 自动售货机Selling point 卖点billboard 广告牌cinema commercials 影院广告Promotions 促销leaflet 传单poster 海报Search engine 搜索引擎stock prices股票价格Financial crisis 金融危机intellectual capital 智力资本national asset 国家资产Business Model 商业模式Electronic commerce 电子商务Globalization 全球化1、The multinational is big and rich. It often operates in industries which are difficult to enter and of vital national importance, e.g. the computer, chemical and automobile industries. Most important of all, the main objective of the multinational is to organize its activities around the world so as to maximize global profits and global market shares. Each subsidiary is part of an international network of affiliates. These all interact with each other. Each part serves the whole. The center controlling the network—the multinationals’ headquarters—is not under the control of the host government. It is frequently thousands of miles away from these subsidiaries.跨国公司不仅大而且富有。
大学英语专业综合英语讲解1
Unit one This Year It’s Going to Be DifferentWarm-up QuestionsBackground InformationExtended ReadingOral PracticeWarm-up Questions1. How do you understand the title?2. Will you try to make a difference at the beginning of a new year?Warm-up Questions3. What does “New Year’s resolution” mean?A New Year’s resolution is something one makes up one’s mind to do at the beginning of a new year in order to be or to do better in the year ahead. It is a ritual commitment to self-improvement, and a goal people set to make their lives better. In many Western countries, New Year’s resolutions are usually made at New Year’s Eve.Background InformationThe New Year, no matter when people have celebrated it, has always been a time for looking back to the past, and more importantly, forward to the coming year. It’s time to reflect on the changes we want, or often need, if we’re to have the motivation to move forward.Resolutions are a reflection of the Babylonians’ belief that what a person does on the first d ay of the New Year will have an effect throughout the entire year. Think about that at the New Year’s party!When a person makes New Year’s resolutions, he makes up his mind to do or not to do certain things in the coming year. Of course, different people make different New Year’s resolutions. For example, a student may decide to work harder at his studies and not to go to the cinema so often; a teacher may decide to improve his/her teaching; aheavy smoker may decide to stop smoking altogether. Some people may be able to carry out their New Year’s resolutions, but some may not. For most people, it’s often easier to make New Year’s resolutions than to carry them out.Oral PracticePlease make some New Year’s resolutions and share them with your partner.ScanningPart Division of the TextFurther UnderstandingScanning1. How many people are there in the family? Who are they?There are six people in the family, namely, the writer himself, his wife Maggie, his daughters Kit and Gretchen, and his sons Roy and Sammy.Scanning2. Decide which of the following statements best sums up the text.1.Some of his family members were pleased whileothers were not when the writer tried to please everybody in the family on New Year’s Day. 2. The writer tried to be a better husband and a betterfather in the new year, and his family membersappreciated this.3. The writer carried out his New Year’s resolutionsfaithfully to improve himself, but the results allwent contrary to his expectations.Part Division of the TextDirections: The text has been divided into several parts.Please summarize the main idea of each part.Part 1 (Para.1)The writer wanted to improve himself by carrying out his New Year’s resolutions.Part 2 (Para.2—Para.4)His resolutions did not work well with his wife.Part 3 (Para.5—Para.8)His resolutions did not work well with the boys.Part 4 (Para.9—Para.14)His resolutions did not work well with the girls.Part 5 (Para.15—Para.16)The carrying out of his resolutions led to a chaos among the children.Part 6 (Para.17—Para.20)The carrying out of his resolutions further offended his wife.Part 7 (Para.21—Para.24)The harder he tried, the more irritated his family members were.Part 8 (Para.25—Para.32)The writer made a confession.Part 9 (Para.33—Para.37)The writer became his old self and everything was back to normal.Detailed ReadingNew Year’s resolutions are like anything else—you get out of them what you put in.What does this sentence mean?A s the saying goes, “As you sow, so will you reap”, which means whatever a man sows he will reap. The writer intends to convince the reader that making New Year’s resolutions also follows this maxim. The more resolutions you make at the beginning of the year, the better results you will have.Pretty clearly, anyone who followed my collection of rules would be blessed with a richer life, boundless love from his family, and the admiration of the community.Paraphrase this sentence.Quite obviously, anyone who was determined to be guided by the rules of self-improvement I collected would be happy and have an eventful life, infinite affection from his family and the respect of the community.Be spontaneous in showing affection.Show your love readily and willingly.“Don’t ever sneak up on me like that again!”Never creep up on me like that again!Why did Maggie react to her husband’s kiss in this way?Probably the husband seldom did this kind of romantic thing (steal a kiss from behind) before.A sincere compliment is worth its weight in gold.Whole-hearted and genuine praise is very valuable.“It wasn’t my idea to stay out until four a.m.”I didn’t want to remain outside until four in the morning! It was your idea!Was Maggie pleased to hear the “sincere compliment”?Why or why not?Maggie was very much annoyed by the “sincere compliment”, because she didn’t look “lovely” at all due to lack of sleep. Therefore, she thought her husband was speaking sarcastically.Roy sure is smart.“Sure” is often used in colloquial American English, meaning “certainly”. “Roy sure is smart” means “Roy certainly is clever.” By making such a remark, Sammy actually suggested that his father was not so bright.Meet your child at his own level.Join your children and treat them as your equals. / Speak, act and think as your children do.It isn’t either happy.The normal order of the sentence is: “It isn’t happy, either.” The word “either” in the sentence shows emphasis. The sentence is an example of child talk, meaning “It isn’t happy at all!” or “It’s very unhappy.”I’ll bet the fellows are swarming around.The sentence means “I’m sure many young men are after you.”Do you think it is appropriate for the writer to saysomething about “the fellows swarming around” toMarilyn?No, it is inappropriate. And that’s why Marilyn thought she was cross-examined by the writer. There was a series of shrieks down the hall. I found Gretchen in tears.I heard screams down the hall one after another and I found Gretchen crying.I suggested that they carve something for their mother—like a salad spoon.The sentence means “I suggested that they should carve something for their mother, for example, a salad spoon, by using the scout knife.”The most trivial chore can prove rewarding if approached with zest.The most unimportant light task may turn out to be worthwhile if it is dealt with eagerly and enthusiastically.I struck up a conversation with Kit, trying to establish some kind of rapport.I started to have a conversation with Kit in a friendly way and tried my best to achieve agreement and understanding between us.Anybody else would have thrown in the sponge…What does “throw in the sponge” mean?The idiom “throw in the sponge/towel” comes from boxing. It means “to admit that you have been defeated”.Anybody else would have admitted defeat and given up.…they had the nerve to say you suggested it.What does this sentence mean?The sentence means “they were rude enough to say that you suggested that they carve my saladspoon”.Kit has been in a poisonous mood.What is the meaning of this sentence?It means that “Kit has been in a very bad temper”.You never bothered with small talk before. Why start now?Paraphrase this sentence.You never troubled yourself to chat with people in the past. Why do you want to start doing it now?If the kids do something and you get mad, they know where they stand.What is the meaning of this sentence?It means “If the children do something and you become angry, they know they are wrong”.And when I tell you to do something, jump!What is the meaning of this sentence?It means “When I tell you to do something, hurry up and do it”.Words &Phrasesresolution: n.decision or mental pledge to do or not to do somethingShe’s always making good resolutions b ut she never carries them out.He lacked the resolution to get through medical school.Courage and resolution are the spirit and soul of virtue. 勇敢和决心是美德的灵魂。
汽车专业英语1
Interior roominess makes them the most comfortable cars for long trips.
interior [in'tiəriə] a. 内部的
They’re still readily available in the new car marketplace. Full-size cars may be well over 5000 mm long and are the roomiest vehicles.
trade-off [trei dɔ:f] n. 交易，交换
Parking maneuverability and fuel economy are superior to the full-size models, while maintenance access, roominess and long-trip comfort are better than those of the compacts and subcompacts. Intermediates have room for five adults and a large trunk (boot).
crash-protection [kræʃprə'tekʃən] n. 防撞击装置
Original cost is somewhat higher than that for the subcompacts. Fuel economy is comparable and maintenance access easier.
Figure 1-5 Ford: Focus
Figure 1-6 Toyota: Corolla
专业英语 1 词缀、翻译标准及过程
Vocabulary Characteristic II
9. –ity 构成抽象名词，表示“性，度” stability 稳定性；reliability 可靠性； feasibility 可行性。 10. –ive 形容词词尾，表示“……的” conductive 导电的； active 有源的； passive 无源的；inductive 感性的。 11. –less 形容词词尾，表示“无……” wireless 无线的。 12. –meter 表，计 speedmeter 速度计；ohmmeter 电阻表。
5. –en 一般是形容词+en构成，表示“使……” soften 软化； harden 使……变硬。 6. -er/-or 表示“机器、设备、物件等” air-oil booster 气-液增压器； air compressor 空气压缩机。 7. –free 形容词词尾，表示“无……的”，“免于……的” loss-free 无损耗的； dust-free 无尘的。 8. –ics 名词词尾，表示学科名称 physics 物理学；mathematics 数学； electronics 电子学。
Vocabulary Characteristic II
13. –proof 形容词词尾，表示“防……的” fireproof 防火的；lightningproof 防雷的。 14. -tion/-sion 名词词尾 generation 发电；motion 运动； transmission 传输，发射。 15. -or/-er 名词词尾，表示“器、物或人” generator 发电机；motor 电动机； transmitter 发射机。 16. -ist/-ician 名词词尾，表示从事某方面工作的 人，……家 specialist 专家； mathematician 数学家。
英语专业英语(一)2000答案
2000年国际关系学院硕士入学考试英语专业英语(一)试题考生须知1 答案必须写在答题纸上,写在试题纸上的无效2 限三个小时内完卷3 考生不得携带任何词典或书本4 知识交卷时必须交还试题Ⅰ.Translate the following into Chinese (50%)As self-appointed custodians of ideals and fundamental moral principles, pre-1910 American intellectuals believed it their responsibility to lead the nation upward and onward. If there were obstacles to be overcome, intellectuals sounded the call and led the reformers' charge. If idealistic visions were the requirements, they provided blueprints for utopians. The twentieth century began with most intellectuals in the United States sanguine about the future of the Western world. The wave of pride and confidence generated by the Renaissance and the Enlightenment still rolled strongly. What a work of art was man! His intellect, disciplined with science, seemed capable of explaining and utilizing every natural process. And the same natural laws that provided the key to the physical world were thought to make possible a social science as well. With liberal application of the oil of natural rights, most Americans confidently expected the social vehicle to run squeakless forever---World War I explored this halcyon vision.The way in which the actual phrase "lost generation" came into being is instructive. While the several accounts vary in details, there is general consensus that the phrase originated with Gertrude Stein, the Radcliffe girl turned Parisian, and the unofficial dean of expatriated American artists and writers in Europe. There is also general agreement that Stein used the phrase in conversation with Ernest Hemingway about 1921. Hemingway's own account in A Moveable Feast is the most complete. Gertrude Stein, he begins, found it necessary to take her Model T Ford to a Paris garage for ignition repairs. Apparently the young mechanic who worked on the car did not fix it satisfactorily or possibly he took too long. Stein, at any rate, protested to the owner of the garage, and he in turn called the mechanic to task. The owner then explained to Stein that all the young workers in his shop lacked skill because they had served in the war and missed the crucial early years of vocational training. At one point in the conversation, according to Hemingway, the garage keeper said of his mechanics, that they were "all a generation perdue." Some time later, Stein applied the phrase to the 23-year-old Hemingway and his friends. Angry at their rowdy, drunken behavior, she saw the connection. “‘That's what you are. That's what you all are,' Miss Stein said, ‘All of you young people who served in the war. You are a lost generation.'” Hemingway evidently w as surprised, the idea had not occurred to him before. “‘Really?'” he asked. “‘You are, 'Stein insisted.‘You have no respect for anything. You drink yourselves to death…'” Hemingway attempted to protest that he was never drunk when he came to Stein salon, but Stein, as usual, had the final word: “ ‘Don't argue with me, Hemingway…It does no good at all. You're all a lost generation, exactly as the garage keeper said.'”ⅡTranslate the following into English (50%)贾平凹: 我是农民一个成功的作家,用饱含深情厚意的笔调,向大家讲述他并不成功的农民生涯, 并平静地对大家说, 我是农民,不是作家. 这个成功的作家就是贾平凹,那个不成功的农民,也是贾平凹.而这部以“讲述”为重要特征的作品名字叫《我是农民----------乡下五年的记忆》.名人大腕为自己贴金写传,这热潮似乎还在持续, 贾平凹此时写此书, 真怀疑他是在有意为大伙儿提供一本教科书.别人在那儿嚷着自己是如何如何‘崇高伟大’, 贾平凹却说: 我是农民.《我是农民》,贾平凹从自己少年求学写起, 写到回乡当农民,写到两次失败的恋情,写到父亲蒙冤,写到当兵不成,写到想当工人还不成,写到想当代课老师仍不成…一个为了与土地割断联系而竭尽全力的农民,一个角落里的梦想家,这就是贾平凹?这就是一手锦绣文章的贾平凹?回答是肯定的.有些自尊,有些自卑，有些遭歧视，但百分之百的是一个性情中人：真诚，坦荡，永不服输，但又常常感到疲惫。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
梁晓艳 liangxy@ 2010年3月 年 月
To love what you do and feel that it matters---how could anything be more fun.
Reference
李章勇，熊兴良，谢正祥 生物医学工程专业 李章勇，熊兴良，谢正祥.生物医学工程专业 英语.重庆 重庆大学出版社， 重庆： 英语 重庆：重庆大学出版社，2007 魏巍，刘杰.生物工程与医学 北京： 生物工程与医学.北京 魏巍，刘杰 生物工程与医学 北京：国防工业 出版社， 出版社，2003
茅盾《 茅盾《为发展文学翻译事业和提高翻译质量 而奋斗》 对于一般翻译的最低限度的要求 对于一般翻译的最低限度的要求， 而奋斗》“对于一般翻译的最低限度的要求， 至少应该是用明白畅达的译文， 至少应该是用明白畅达的译文，忠实地传达 原作的内容。 原作的内容。” 忠实： 忠实原作内容 忠实：(1)忠实原作内容 The president stands there, hat in hand, begging Congress for their votes. wrong:总统站在那里，手里拿着礼帽，乞求 总统站在那里， 总统站在那里 手里拿着礼帽， 国会投他的票。 国会投他的票。 总统站在那里， 总统站在那里，毕恭毕敬地请求国会议员们 投赞成票。 投赞成票。
---（中）黄龙 （
翻译可作如下界定： 翻译可作如下界定： 用一种语言（目的语） 用一种语言（目的语）的文本材料对等地再 现另一种语言（源出语）的文本材料。 现另一种语言（源出语）的文本材料。
总结：翻译 将一种语言（ 总结：翻译-----------将一种语言（源出语 将一种语言 源出语the source language）转换成另一种语言（目 ）转换成另一种语言（ 的语the target language或接受语 或接受语the 的语 或接受语 receptor language ），意义保持或者大致 ），意义保持或者大致 不变。 不变。 鲁迅： 翻译并不比随便的创作容易， 鲁迅：“翻译并不比随便的创作容易， 然而于新文学的发展却更有功， 然而于新文学的发展却更有功，于大家更有 益。” 茅盾： 真正精妙的翻译，其可宝贵， 茅盾：“真正精妙的翻译，其可宝贵， 实不在创作之下；而真正精妙的翻译， 实不在创作之下；而真正精妙的翻译，其艰 难实倍于创作。 难实倍于创作。”
翻译应该遵询原著，顺畅自然。
(3)A translation should have all the ease of the original composition.
---（丹麦）Alexander Fraser Tytler《论翻译的原则》 （丹麦） 《论翻译的原则》
faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance
二、分类 1.翻译手段：口译、笔译、机器翻译、同声传 翻译手段： 翻译手段 口译、笔译、机器翻译、 译 2.翻译题材：政论翻译、应用文翻译、科技翻 翻译题材： 翻译题材 政论翻译、应用文翻译、 译等 3.源出语和目的语 语际翻译、语内翻译、符际 源出语和目的语: 源出语和目的语 语际翻译、语内翻译、 翻译 三、标准 1.三原则、三字标准 三原则、 三原则
3.表述 表述 欧洲 美国 中国 生物医学工程 MBES EMB BME 生物医学工程学会 EAMBES EMBS CSBME
(European Alliance) Medical and Biological Engineering and Science
Engineering in medicine and biology (Society)
(2)忠实原作风格 忠实原作风格 Jane does not work hard because she wants to earn money. wrong:因为简想赚钱，所以才不下力。 因为简想赚钱， 因为简想赚钱 所以才不下力。 简并不是因为想赚钱才下力干的。 简并不是因为想赚钱才下力干的。 Legislator often respond to the quiet and professional pressure of lobbyists. wrong:议员们无时无刻不屈从游说者的压力。 议员们无时无刻不屈从游说者的压力。 议员们无时无刻不屈从游说者的压力 议员们常常为老谋深算的游说者所左右。 议员们常常为老谋深算的游说者所左右。
Method
出勤 平时作业成绩 期末考试成绩 20% 20% 60%
Aim
毕业设计的必需 学习专业词汇 会阅读专业英文论文 会写专业论文和书籍
第一章 引言
一、生物医学工程 1.What? IEEE:The field of interest of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society is the application of the concepts and methods of physical and engineering in biology and medicine.This covers a very broad spectrum ranging from formalized mathematical theory through experimental science and technological development to practical clinical applications.It includes support of scientific,technological,and education activities.
---（中）严复《天演论.译例言》 （ 译例言》 严复《天演论 译例言
傅雷《<高老头 重译本序》：“所求的不在 高老头>重译本序 傅雷《 高老头 重译本序》 形似而在神似” 形似而在神似” 钱钟书《林纾的翻译》 化境” 钱钟书《林纾的翻译》：“化境” 2.翻译的两面 翻译的两面 鲁迅《 题未定 题未定” 凡是翻译， 鲁迅《“题未定”草》“凡是翻译，必须兼顾 凡是翻译 着两面，一当然力求易其解， 着两面，一当然力求易其解，一则保存着原 作的风姿……” 作的风姿
(Chinese Society of) Biomedical Engineering
二、如何学习生物医学工程专业英语 1.扩大专业词汇量 扩大专业词汇量 2.掌握专业文章的阅读和写作 掌握专业文章的阅读和写作 3.提高学术交流和学术能力 提高学术交流和学术能力
第二章 专业英语的翻译
第一节 翻译概论 一、定义
(1)A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. (2)The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original.
2.分类 分类 生物力学Biomechanics 生物力学 生物材料学Biomaterial 生物材料学 生物系统的建模Modeling and Controlling of 生物系统的建模 Biosystem 生物医学信号检测Biomedical Signal Measurement 生物医学信号检测 生物医学信号处理Biomedical Signal Processing 生物医学信号处理 医学图象技术 Biomedical Image 物理因子的生物效应及治疗作用Biological Effect of 物理因子的生物效应及治疗作用 Physical Facts 人工器官 Artificial Organs 中医工程CTM Engineering 中医工程 生化工程Biochemical Engineering 生化工程
中文： 中文：生物医学工程学是物理科学和工 程科学的概念和方法在生物医学领域的 应用。它涵盖了非常广阔的学科范围： 应用。它涵盖了非常广阔的学科范围： 从形式数学理论到实验科学和技术研发 到临床实践的应用。 到临床实践的应用。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
运用现代自然科学和工程技术的原理和方法， 运用现代自然科学和工程技术的原理和方法， 从工程学角度，在多层次上研究生物体（特 从工程学角度，在多层次上研究生物体（ 别是人体的结构、功能和其他生命现象）， 别是人体的结构、功能和其他生命现象）， 研究用于防病、治病、人体功能辅助及卫生 研究用于防病、治病、 保健的人工材料、制品、 保健的人工材料、制品、装置和系统的工程 原理的学科。 原理的学科。 生物医学工程+生物技术 生物工程 生物医学工程 生物技术=生物工程 生物技术
“译即易，谓换易言语使相解也” 译即易，谓换易言语使相解也”
---（唐）贾公彦《义疏》 （ 贾公彦《义疏》
“夫翻译者，谓翻梵天之语转成汉地之言。音虽似别， 夫翻译者，谓翻梵天之语转成汉地之言。音虽似别， 义则大同。 法云《翻译名义集》 义则大同。” ---（宋）法云《翻译名义集》 （ To translate is to “to change into another language, retaining the sense.” ---（英）约翰逊 （
Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.
3.翻译标准多元互补论（了解） 翻译标准多元互补论（了解） 翻译标准多元互补论 要点： 要点： （1）“翻译标准是多元而非一元。” ） 翻译标准是多元而非一元。 （2）“翻译标准既是多元的，又是一个有机 ） 翻译标准既是多元的， 的然而变动不居的标准系统。在这个系统中， 的然而变动不居的标准系统。在这个系统中， 最高标准是最佳近似度。 最高标准是最佳近似度。最佳近似度是一个 形同虚设的抽象标准， 形同虚设的抽象标准，真正有实际意义的是 一大群具体标准。 一大群具体标准。” （3）“具体标准中又有主标准和次标准的区 ） 别。” （4）“多元翻译标准是互补的。” ） 多元翻译标准是互补的。