2016年医学考博完型填空真题
2016年医博士试题及答案
一1、《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》和《艾滋病防治条例》1.国家对传染病管理的方针是（20）答案不确定A、预防为主B、防治结合C、分类管理、依靠科学D、依靠群众E、以上都是2.在艾滋病防控工作当中，下列哪些是属于违法行为（20）答案不确定A、未履行艾滋病监测职责的B、未按照规定免费提供咨询和初筛检测的C、对临时应急采集的血液未进行艾滋病检测，对临床用血艾滋病检测结果未进行核查，或者将艾滋病检测阳性的血液用于临床的 D、未遵守标准防护原则，或者未执行操作规程和消毒管理制度，发生艾滋病医院感染或者医源性感染的E、以上都是3.《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》规定的乙类传染病有多少种（20）答案不确定A、2种B、26种C、11种D、23种E、15种4.目前使用的《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》是在哪年进行的最后修订（20）答案不确定A、1989B、2004C、2010D、2013E、20145.国家对艾滋病患者的救助措施有哪些（20）答案不确定A、向农村艾滋病病人和城镇经济困难的艾滋病病人免费提供抗艾滋病病毒治疗药品B、对农村和城镇经济困难的艾滋病病毒感染者、艾滋病病人适当减免抗机会性感染治疗药品的费用C、向接受艾滋病咨询、检测的人员免费提供咨询和初筛检测D、向感染艾滋病病毒的孕产妇免费提供预防艾滋病母婴传播的治疗和咨E、以上都是2、传染病及突发公共卫生事件上报及处理流程（一）A、发现患者至患者痊愈B、最后接触患者日至该病最长潜伏期C、21天D、3个月E、最早接触患者日至该病最长潜伏期2.按照甲类传染病管理的传染病包括（20）答案不确定A、肺炭疽B、鼠疫C、霍乱D、人感染高致病性禽流感E、以上都是3.下列哪种方式，是提高易感人群特异性免疫力的措施（20）答案不确定A、增加锻炼B、接种预防该病的疫苗C、接种丙种球蛋白D、预防性服药E、以上都不是4.乙类传染病上报时限是（20）答案不确定A、2小时B、6小时C、12小时D、24小时E、48小时5.传染病患者的管理原则是（20）答案不确定A、早发现B、早诊断C、早报告D、早隔离E、以上都是1.下列哪些属于突发公共卫生事件（20）答案不确定A、甲类法定传染病在某地首次出现B、医院感染事件C、生物恐怖事件D、各类食物中毒E、以上都是2.消毒剂溶液喷雾消毒法适用于（20）答案不确定A、空气B、被褥C、排泄物D、水E、以上都不是3.突发公共卫生事件分()级（20）答案不确定A、5B、4C、3D、6E、84.突发公共卫生事件Ⅲ级，用何种颜色表示（20）答案不确定A、绿色B、橙色C、黄色D、蓝色E、红色5.突发公共卫生事件上报时限是（20）答案不确定A、2小时B、6小时C、12小时D、24小时E、48小时1.根据《中华人民共和国突发事件应对法》的规定，可以预警的自然灾害、事故灾难和公共卫生事件的预警级别分为四级，即一级、二级、三级和四级，分别是下列何种颜色标示（20）答案不确定A、红、橙、黄、蓝B、红、黄、橙、绿C、红、黄、绿、蓝D、黄、红、橙、蓝E、黄、红、蓝、橙2.下列哪项不属于突发公共卫生事件的特征（20）答案不确定A、突发性B、少发性C、多样性D、复杂性E、严重性3.《突发公共卫生事件应急条例》是中华人民共和国国务院令第376号，于()起公布施行（20）答案不确定A、1989年9月1日B、1987年5月1日C、2003年5月9日D、2007年10月1日E、2011年5月8日4.建立突发事件应急反应机制应遵循的四条原则，以下哪项除外（20）答案不确定A、中央统一指挥，地方分级负责B、依法规范管理，保证快速反应C、完善监测体系，提高预警能力D、依靠科学，加强合作E、改善基础条件，保障持续运行5.下列哪项不属于突发公共卫生事件（20）答案不确定A、重大传染病疫情B、群体性不明原因疾病C、重大食物中毒事件D、重大职业中毒事件E、慢性肺部疾患1.下列哪项不属于“经饮水传播”的流行特征（20）答案不确定A、病人皆有饮用同一水源的历史B、病例集中在1～2个潜伏期内C、病例分布与供水范围相一致D、污染水源停止使用或消毒后，暴发即可平息E、常出现人传人的现象2.暴发调查的目的包括（20）答案不确定A、查明疾病暴发的原因B、及时采取有效措施迅速扑灭疫情C、总结经验教训D、防止类似事件再次发生E、以上均是3.下列哪项不属于疾病暴发的特点（20）答案不确定A、时间较短B、单位或地区分布分散C、病人相对较多D、症状相似E、病人的菌型一致4.某地发生群体性食物中毒，以下哪些信息属于接报的要点（20）答案不确定A、报告单位、报告人姓名、联系电话，记录报告时间、发生事件的单位名称、详细地址、联系电话B、中毒人数、发病时间、临床症状、住院及救治情况C、可疑食品、共同就餐人数、可疑餐次、就餐地点有无人群聚集性D、嘱咐报告人保护好现场，保留可疑食品及病人吐泻物，禁止继续使用、出售可疑食品E、以上均是5.某地发生群体性食物中毒进行现场调查，关于采集标本要求错误的是（20）答案不确定A、应根据疾病的性质，选取合适的标本，如各种分泌物、血液、体液和组织B、采集的标本应具有代表性C、采集的标本应在到达现场时进行D、采集后的标本应做好标记E、采集后的标本应低温保存，尽快测定1.抗菌药物疗程因感染不同而异，一般宜用至体温正常、症状消退后（20）答案不确定A、24小时B、24～48小时C、72～96小时D、48～72小时E、48～96小时2.按照抗菌药物PK/PD理论下列哪类药物为浓度依赖性（20）答案不确定A、青霉素类B、头孢菌素类C、碳青霉烯类D、氟喹诺酮类E、糖肽类3.以下哪种类型的感染通常不推荐给予较大的给药剂量（20）答案不确定A、单纯的下尿路感染B、血流感染C、感染性心内膜炎D、骨髓炎E、中枢神经系统感染4.以下哪些原则上不应预防使用抗菌药物（20）答案不确定A、普通感冒B、留置导尿管的患者C、建立人工气道的患者D、心力衰竭E、以上都是5.下列哪些情况可先予以注射给药（20）答案不确定A、不能口服或不能耐受口服给药的患者B、患者存在明显可能影响口服药物吸收的情况C、所选药物有合适抗菌谱，但无口服剂型D、需在感染组织或体液中迅速达到高药物浓度以达杀菌作用者E、以上都是1.围手术期抗菌药物预防性用药目的不包括下列哪项（20）答案不确定A、预防手术部位浅表切口感染B、预防手术部位深部切口感染C、预防手术部位所涉及的器官/腔隙感染D、预防手术部位感染E、术后可能发生的其他部位感染2.下列哪种手术宜预防性应用抗生素（20）答案不确定A、疝修补术B、甲状腺腺瘤摘除术C、乳房纤维腺瘤切除术D、开放性骨折清创内固定术E、肿瘤物理消融术3.下列哪项关于特殊使用级抗菌药物的说法是错误的（20）答案不确定A、特殊使用级抗菌药物的选用应从严控制B、特殊使用级抗菌药物会诊人员应由医疗机构内部授权C、特殊使用级抗菌药物可在门诊使用D、感染病情严重者可考虑越级应用特殊使用级抗菌药物E、免疫功能低下患者发生感染时可考虑越级应用特殊使用级抗菌药物4.新版抗菌药物指导原则和我国病案首页分别将手术切口分为几类（20）答案不确定A、3类；3类B、4类；3类C、3类；4类D、4类；4类E、4类；5类5.经临床长期应用证明安全、有效，价格相对较低的抗菌药物在抗菌药物分级管理中属于（20）答案不确定A、非限制使用B、限制使用C、特殊使用D、随意使用E、经验使用二1、全科医学的基本原则ABEDD1.关于影响社区居民健康的因素，错误的描述是（20）答案不确定3.以下何种属性不是全科医疗与专科医疗的区别（20）A、对服务对象责任的持续性与间断性B、处理疾病的轻重、常见与少见C、对服务对象的责任心D、是否使用高新昂贵的医疗技术E、服务人口的多少与流动性4.全科医学“连续性服务”体现在（20）A、全科医生对社区中所有人的生老病死负有全部责任B、全科医生在患者生病的过程中均陪伴在病人床边C、患者的所有健康问题都要由全科医生亲手处理D、全科医生对人生各阶段以及从健康到疾病的各阶段都负有健康管理责任E、如果全科医生调动工作，就必须将自己的患者带走5.全科医学的基本特点不包括（20）A、基础性照顾B、人性化照顾C、可及性照顾D、综合性照顾E、阶段性照顾3全科医生临床技能考核1.关于医学教育的追求方向，叙述错误的是（20）答案不确定A、成果标准化，而实施过程个体化B、鼓励采用各种整合措施C、拥有自身与追求改善的习惯D、关注医师专业素养的养成E、行医为导向的学习与改进2.关于合格的医生应具备的六项核心能力，叙述错误的是（20）答案不确定A、照顾病患能力B、医学知识；行医为导向的学习与改进C、完全满足病人寻求相关信息的需求D、人际关系和沟通技巧；专业素质E、医疗体系下的行医3.关于迷你临床演练评量计分标准，叙述正确的是（20）答案不确定A、评分表共分七大项目，每个项目皆采用九级计分评量B、1-2级表示学员操作未符合要求C、3-4级表示达到要求D、5-7级表示良好E、8-9级表示优秀4.关于临床操作技能评估（DOPS），叙述错误的是（20）答案不确定A、评估人员：主治医师、总住院或高年住院医师、其他资深人员（护师、放射师、医检师或药师）、每次尽量安排不同的评估观察者B、参加人员：一位临床教师、一位学员或住院医师、一位病患C、所需时间：视不同技能而定，通常每次约20分钟，其中评估10分钟、回馈讨论10分钟，一般每年评估4～6次D、评估过程：观察学员操作临床技能，每次观察一至二种proceduresE、评估地点：门诊、病房、临床技能训练中心5.OSCE常用考核项目，包括（20）答案不确定A、病史询问B、体格检查C、沟通技巧；健康教育D、医患关系；临床操作E、以上都是4社区医学1.关于影响社区居民健康的因素，错误的描述是（20）答案不确定A、社区个体行为完全取决于社会或社区中的主流文化、信仰、风俗和价值观B、高收入的个体和群体不一定比低收入者更健康C、社区组织提供服务的质量、数量和方式等直接或间接影响社区成员的健康D、人口稠密地区更易造成传染病的流行E、行为生活方式是慢性病的主要危险因素2.家属对糖尿病患者改变饮食的理解和支持属于影响病人行为的（20）答案不确定A、前置因素B、促成因素C、强化因素D、认知因素E、后置因素3.社区构成要素的主体是（20）答案不确定A、一定数量的人群B、一定的地域范围C、社区生活服务设施D、社区文化E、管理机构与制度4.实施COPC的核心是（20）答案不确定A、社区诊断B、社区参与C、制订COPC计划D、权利增长E、以上都不是5.高血压患者家属认为限盐对控制血压非常重要，属于影响病人行为的（20）答案不确定A、倾向因素B、促成因素C、强化因素D、消极因素E、后置因素5社区诊断1.社区诊断的主要内容有（20）答案不确定A、社会学与流行病学诊断B、行为与环境诊断C、教育与组织诊断D、管理与政策诊断E、以上都是2.社区资源是指（20）答案不确定A、组织机构资源B、人力资源C、物质资源D、社区动员的潜力E、以上都是3.社区诊断的资料来源不包括（20）答案不确定A、健康档案记录B、社区出生登记资料C、询问病史D、横断面调查资料E、环境监测记录4.社区诊断的重点是（20）答案不确定A、明确社区内最难解决的健康问题B、了解社区可利用的资源C、确定社区内需优先解决的卫生问题D、了解社区解决卫生问题的能力E、为政府及卫生行政部门等制订社区卫生相关政策提供重要依据。
医学考博英语试题及答案
医学考博英语试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分，每题1分）1. The new drug is reported to be effective in treating_______.A. hypertensionB. hypotensionC. hyperactivityD. hypoactivity答案：A2. The patient's condition has been stable since the _______ of the medication.A. administrationB. admissionC. communicationD. commutation答案：A3. The doctor advised the patient to avoid _______ foods.A. allergenicB. allergicC. allergenD. allergy答案：A4. The _______ of the surgery was successful, but thepatient's recovery was slow.A. executionB. implementationC. performanceD. operation答案：D5. The _______ of the disease is influenced by genetic factors.A. progressionB. regressionC. transmissionD. transition答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分，每篇5分）Passage 1Recent studies have shown that a balanced diet can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease. Experts recommend consuming a variety of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. It is also important to limit the intake of salt, sugar, and saturated fats.5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of a balanced dietB. The role of fruits and vegetables in heart healthC. The dangers of salt, sugar, and saturated fatsD. The benefits of lean proteins and healthy fats答案：A6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT recommended for heart health?A. Consuming a variety of fruits and vegetablesB. Eating whole grainsC. Limiting the intake of salt and sugarD. Eating large amounts of saturated fats答案：DPassage 2The use of electronic health records (EHRs) has increased significantly in recent years. EHRs provide a comprehensive view of a patient's medical history, which can improve the quality of care. However, the implementation of EHRs also presents challenges, such as ensuring data privacy and security.7. What is the main advantage of EHRs mentioned in the passage?A. They provide a complete medical historyB. They improve patient-doctor communicationC. They reduce medical errorsD. They lower healthcare costs答案：A8. What challenge is associated with the use of EHRs?A. Ensuring data privacy and securityB. Training medical staff to use the systemC. Maintaining the hardware for the systemD. Complying with legal regulations答案：A三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）In recent years, telemedicine has become increasingly popular as a means of providing medical care to patients in remoteareas. This approach allows doctors to consult with patients via video conference, 9. which can save both time and money. Telemedicine can also 10. provide access to specialized care that may not be available locally.9. A. therebyB. moreoverC. howeverD. otherwise答案：A10. A. potentiallyB. actuallyC. certainlyD. occasionally答案：A四、翻译（共30分，每题15分）将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。
医学博士考试01-06试题 加详解
2000FA TMD医学博士研究生入学外语考试――英语参考答案（部分）PAPER TWO31.A 32.B 33.C 34.D 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.C 39.A 40.B 41.C 42.C 43.C 44.D 45.B46.D 47.C 48.B 49.A 50.C51.C 52.B 53.D 54.A55.C 56.D 57.D 58.C59.C 60.C 61.D 62.D63.A 64.B 65.D 66.D67.C 68.B 69.C 70.A71.C 72.C 73.C 74.D 75.D2001FA TMD医学博士研究生入学外语考试――英语参考答案（部分）PAPER ONE1.A2.C3.D4.B5.A6.A7.C8.A9.D 10.C 11. PAPER TWO1.C2.C3.A4.B5.C6.D7.B8.D9.C 10.D 11.D 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.B 16.C 17.C 18.A 19.D 20.D 21.D 22.C 23.A 24.C 25.C 26.C 27.A 28.B 29.A 30.A31.C 32.A 33.B 34.A 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.C 39.D 40.B 41.C 42.C 43.A 44.B 45.B46.C 47.D 48.B 49.D 50.A51.C 52.A 53.A 54.D55.D 56.C 57.A 58.A59.C 60.C 61.D 62.A63.B 64.D 65.D 66.C67.A 68.A 69.D 70.D71.C 72.A 73.C 74.D 75.A2002FA TMD医学博士研究生入学外语考试――英语参考答案（部分）1.B2.C3.C4.A5.D6.B7.C8.C9.B 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.D 14.C 15.B16.A 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.A 21.D 22.D 23.C 24.C 25.C 26.A 27.D 28.A 29.C 30.B31.B 32.C 33.A 34.C 35.D 36.C 37.C 38.C 39.D40.D41.B 42.D 43.D 44.B 45.C 46.D 47.A 48.B 49.A50.B51.B 52.C 53.D 54.A 55.C 56.C 57.C 58.C 59.A60.A61.A 62.D 63.D 64.B 65.A 66.D 67.D 68.A 69.C70.C71.B 72.A 73.A 74.A 75.A 76.B 77.C 78.B 79.C80.D81.C 82.B 83.D 84.D 85.D 86.A 87.B 88.C 89.A 90.D2003FA TMD医学博士研究生入学外语考试――英语参考答案（部分）1.D 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.D 11.B 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.A16.C 17.A 18.D 19.D 20.D 21.C 22.D 23.D 24.A 25.C 26.D 27.D 28.B 29.C 30.D31.A 32.B 33.D 34.C 35.A 36.D 37.A 38.C 39.C 40.A 41.A 42.C 43.C 44.D 45.D 46.B 47.D 48.D 49.C 50.A51.B 52.A 53.C 54.A 55.C 56.B 57.A 58.C 59.B60.A61.C 62.B 63.C 64.B 65.C 66.C 67.B 68.D 69.A70.B71.D 72.A 73.D 74.C 75.D 76.B 77.D 78.C 79.C80.A81.A 82.A 83.D 84.C 85.B 86.B 87.C 88.A 89.D 90.B2004年全国医学考博英语试题答案（仅供参考）1.A2.B3.C4.C5.C6.B7.D8.A9.D 10.D11.A 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.C 19.B 20.A21.A 22.B 23.D 24.C 25.D 26.A 27.D 28.C 29.B 30.C31.B 32.A 33.D 34.A 35.B 36.B 37.A 38.B 39.C 40.B41.A 42.C 43.B 44.D 45.C 46.D 47.C 48.A 49.D 50.A51.A 52.B 53.D 54.A 55.B 56.C 57.A 58.A 59.B 60.C61.D 62.C 63.B 64.D 65.C 66.D 67.D 68.C 69.D 70.B71.B 72.D 73.B 74.C 75.B 76.B 77.A 78.D 79.A 80.B81.B 82.D 83.C 84.C 85.A 86.B 87.D 88.A 89.A 90.D2005年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷答案1-5CACDA6-10CDBCB11-15CADBA16-20DDBCB21-25ABCBD26-30CCDAD31-35CABAA36-40CADAD41-45BACBA46-50ABDCC51-55BACBA56-60ACBCB61-65BCBBC66-70BDABC71-75CACBB76-80CACBB81-85CBACD86-90ADBCC2006年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷答案31-40 CDCCB BCBDA41-50 ACACA ACDDB51-60 BCACA AADBC61-70 DDDDA ACABD71-80ACCCC BCAAD81-90DBDBD DDBBC2001part III vocabulary(15%)1.we are all overwhelmed with more facts and information than we can possibly____A.feedB.maintainC.absorbD.consume2.pleasure,or joy, is vital to ____health. vital.生死攸关的, 重大的, 生命的, 生机的, 至关重要的, 所必需的A.optimistic pessimistic悲观的B.optional可选择的, 随意的C.optimal最佳的, 最理想的near optimal近似最佳D.operational3.A ____ effort is required to achieve health.mitted 承担义务的；忠于既定立场的；坚定的B.restrictedposed镇静的, 沉着的D.sophisticated诡辩的, 久经世故的4.A person’s belief ____ and colors his experience.A.contradicts vt.同...矛盾, 同...抵触contradict a statement驳斥一项声明contradict oneself自相矛盾B.shapes shape the destiny of决定...的命运C.summarizes概述, 总结, 摘要而言D.exchanges交换, 调换, 兑换, 交流, 交易.exchange experience 交流经验5.Many professors encourage students to question and ____ their idearsA.convey vt.搬运, 传达, 转让I can't convey my feelings in words.我的情感难以言表。
解放军医学院(301医院)呼吸内科学2016年考博真题考博试卷
2016 年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：呼吸内科学 注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。 题型：选择，填空，名解，论述 一、 选择题 1. HAP 感染细菌 2. 肺癌靶向治疗药 二、 填空题 1. 特发性间质性肺疾病分类 2. 肺癌病理分型 3. 支气管扩张影像表现分型 4. HAP 常见感染菌 三、 名词解释 1. 气胸 2. 支气管哮喘 3. 靶向基因 4. 保护性支持通气 5. 广谱β -内酰胺酶（英文） 四、 论述题 1. 阻塞性肺疾病的扩容治疗 2. 哮喘阶梯治疗 3. COPD 的 GOLD 分级 4. ARDS 柏林定义和诊断
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医学考博英语统考真题
2007 年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题Paper OnePart I Listening Comprehension (30%)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversationsbetween two speakers. At the end of each conversation, youwill hear a question about what is said. The question will beread only once. After you hear the question, read the fourpossible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the bestanswer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWERSHEET.Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman: I feel faint.Man: No wonder. You haven't had a bite all day.Question: What's the matter with the woman?You will read:A. She is sick.B. She was bitten by an ant.C. She is hungry.D. She spilled her paint.Here C is the right an swer.Sample An swerA B C DNow let 'begi n with questio n Number 1.1.A. To do some experiments.B. To attend a class.C. To review his lessons.D. To take a test.2.A. In a hotel.B. In the hospital.C. In the prison.D. At the airport.3.A. He got an ulcer in his stomach.B. He got hurt in the soccer game.C. He will be discharged soon.D. He got his tumor removed.4.A. She told a lie so as not to hurt Jimmy.B. She felt because she had a headache.C. She hurt Jimmy by telling him a lie.D. She slept off her headache.5.A. His new car is not fast enough.B. His new car moves very fast.C. His new car is a real bargain.D. His new car is somewhat of a financial burden.6.A. Get more time to relax.B. Take some tranquillizers.C. Seek a second opinion.D. Avoid her responsibilities.7.A. He got a headache while establishing the institute.B. He had a hard time getting the institute started.C. Everything was OK at the beginning.D. It is impossible to open such an institute in Seoul.8.ExcitedFrustratedAnnoyedRelieved9.Each class lasts an hour.The class is meeting in an hour and a half.The class meets four hours and a half per week.The class meets for half an hour three times a week. 10.A. The woman was a good skier.B. The woman couldn't ski.C. The woman didn't intend to go skiing.D. The woman didn't like Swiss. 11.A. She's an insurance agent.B. She's an insurance client.C. She's a bank clerk.D. She's a driver.A. He tripped over some crutches.12.B. He had rheumatism in his legs.C. He sprained his foot.D. He broke his leg.13.A. The vacation is almost gone.B. The vacation has just started.C. They are prepared for the new semester.D. They can't wait for the new semester.14.A. She was knocked down by a feather.B. She is shamed of Larry.C. She was really surprised.D. She was proud of Larry.15.A. To visit his son.B. To perform an operation.C. To have an operation.D. To send his son for an operation.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear three passages. After each one, you will hear five questions. After each question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage One16.A. A pharmacist.B. A visitor.C. A physician.D. A dieter.17.A. Cough.B. Diarrhea.C. Headache.D. Stomach upset.18.A. Pain-killers.B. Cough syrup.C. Antidiarrheas.D. Indigestion tablets.19.A. The cold weather.B. Tiredness caused by traveling.C. The strange food he had eaten.D. The greasy food he had eaten.20.A. Take the medicine from the woman.B. G to see a specialist.C. Stop eating and drinking for a few days.D. Stay in bed for a couple of days. Passage Two21.A. Headaches.B. Insomnia.C. Respiratory problems.D. Digestive problems.22.A. On Monday in Edinburgh.B. On Wednesday in Edinburgh.C. On Monday at Staffordshire University.26.D. On Wednesday at Staffordshire University.24.A. The subjects were asked to write of their free will.B. The subjects were asked to write in a systematic way.C. The subjects were asked to say how often they made entries.D. The subjects were asked if they had written down anything traumatic. 25.A. The diarists who write of their free will.B. The diarists who were students at Staffordshire UniversityC. The diarists who had written about trauma.D. The non-diarists who were susceptible to headaches.Passage ThreeA. A brief history of British pubs.23.A. 94B. 44C. 130D. 135B. Beer-the British national drink.C. Various attempts made to curb drinking in Britain.D. The frustrating opening and closing hours of British pubs.27.A. As early as 659 AD.B. After 659 AD.C. Before the Roman invasion.D. After the Roman invasion.28.A. To restrict drinking hours.B. To restrict travelers to certain drinks.C. To encourage the locals to drink in other towns.D. To encourage inns to lodge various kinds of people.29.A. People were better off.B. The government failed to persuade people from drinking.C. There appeared a new cheap drink.D. Drinkers had found various ways to get around the laws.30.A. The licensing hours have been extended.B. Old people are not allowed to drink in pubs.C. Children are not allowed yet to drink in pubs.D. Big changes have taken place in pubs.Part II Vocabulary (10%)Section ADirections: In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D, are given beneath each ofthem. You are to choose the word or phrase that bestcompletes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on theANSWER SHEET.31. The doctor gave him an injection in order to _____ the pain.A. alleviateB. aggregateC. abolishD. allocate32. H is broken arm healed well, but she died of the pneumonia whichfollowed as a _____ .A. complementB. complimentC. complexionD. complication33. Unfortunately, our vacation plans ________ on account of transportstrikes.A fell back B. fell thoughC. fell uponD. fell to34. The _______ climate of Hawaii attracts visitors from all over the world every year.A. genialB. frigidC. genuineD. foul35. This is the ______ in which the organism lives most effectively.A. optimumB. optionC. ordealD. orbit36. The doctor suggests that a good holiday in the country should him____ nicely after his operation.A. set …outB. set …upC. set - offD. set …aside37. His behavior was so ____ that even the merciful people could not forgive him.A. uniqueB. unconventionalC. brutalD. brilliant38. ________ to your present job until you can get a better one.A. Hang aboutB. Hang backC. Hang behindD. Hang on39. Suffering from his leg illness, Tom is very ____ nowadays.A. emaciatedB. eligibleD. excepti onal40. He saved some money for artistic ______ such as fine pain ti ngs. A. don ati ons C . luxuriesSecti on BDirections: Each of the following sentences has a word or phraseunderlined. There are four words or phrases beneath each senten ce. Choose the word or phrase which can best keep the meaning of the origi nal sen ten ceif it is substituted for the un derli ned part. Mark your an swer on the ANSWER SHEET.41. It has been proved that the chemical is lethal to rats but safe for cattle.A. fatalB. reactiveC. uniqueD. vital42. To their surprise, she has bee n nominated as can didate for the Preside ncy.A. recog ni zedB. defi nedC. appo in tedD. promoted43. We cannot look down upon our opponent, who is an experieneed swimmer.C. elasticB. profits D. luresA. playerB. competitorC. refereeD. part ner44. She is regarded as a good nurse in that she attends to patie nts without any compla int.A. sees throughB. looks overC. takes inD. cares for45. It is well known that the minimum penalty for this crime is 2 years ' impris onment.A. conv icti onB. spa nC. mercyD. punishment46. The whole area of the n atio nal and local gover nments tried to wipeout rats to preve nt the spread of disease.A. extermi nateB. domin ateC. determi nateD. con tami nate47. All the students are afraid of him since he is always severe with them.A. vigorousB. rigorousC. vigila ntD. rigid48. The biggest engin eeri ng project that they un dertook was encumbered by lack of fun ds.A. can celledB. conden sedC. hamperedD. haun tedA. playerB. competitor49. In order to be a successful diplomat you must be en thusiastic andmagn etic.A. arroga ntB. in dustriousC. zealousD. attractive50. He is successful as a doctor because of his dynamic personality, heseems to have un limited en ergy.A. meticulousB. vigorousC. aggressiveD. arbitraryPart III Cloze (10%)Directions: In this section there is a passage with ten numbered blanks.For each blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice onthe ANSWER SHEET.Many Can adia ns enjoy the luxury of a large amount of livi ng space. Can ada is vast, and the homes are large accord ing to the sta ndardsof many coun ties. Even _ 51__inner cities do not reach the extremes found in other parts of world.Can adia ns appreciate the space and value their privacy. Since families are gen erally small, many Can adia n childre n enjoy the luxury oftheirA. arroga ntB. in dustriousown bedroom. Having more than one bathroom in a house is also considered a modern __52__.Many rooms in Canadian homes have specialized functions.“ Family rooms”are popular features in modern houses; these are __53__“, living rooms”since many living rooms have become reserved for entertaining. Some homes have formal and informal dining areas, __54__.Recreational homes are also popular__55___ Canadians. Some Canadiansown summer homes, cottages, or camps. These may __56__ from a small one-room cabin to a luxurious building that rivals the comforts of the regular residence. Some cottages are winterized for year-round use. Cottages offer people the chance to “geat way from it all. ”They are so popular that summer weekend traffic jams are common, especially in large cities such as Toronto, where the number of people leaving town on Friday night and returning Sunday might __57__the highways for hours.Sometimes, living in Canada means not only having privacy, but also being isolated. Mobility has become a part of modern life; people often do not live in one place long enough to __58__ to know their neighbors. Tenants live their own lives in their apartments or townhouses. Even in private residential areas, where there is some ___59___, neighborhood life is not as close-knit as it once was. There seemsto be __60__ of a communal spirit. Life today is so hectic that there is often little time.51. A. spacious B. crowded C. remote D. deserted52. A. convenience B. comfort C. architecture D. taste53. A. in common B. in particular C. in chief D. in fact54. A. either B. as well C. in turn D. instead55. A. to B. in C. with D. for56. A. transform B. convert C. range D. shift57. A. blocks B . halts C. cuts off D. keeps off58. A. become B. come C. get D. grow59. A . stability B. mobility C. reality D.tranquility60. A. bit B. much C. more D. lessPart IV Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: In this part there are six passages, each of which is followed by five questions. For each question there are four possibleanswers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and markthe letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneThe popular idea that classical music can improve your maths isfalling form favor. New experiments have failed to support the widely publicized finding that Mozart 's music promotes mathematical thinking.Researchers reported six years age that listening to Mozart brings about short-tem improvements in spatial-temporal reasoning, the type of thinking used in maths. Gordon Shaw of the University of California at Irvine and Frances Rauscher of the University of Wisconsin in Oshkosh had asked students to perform spatial tasks such as imagining how a piece of paper would look if it were folded and cut in a certain pattern.Some of the students then listened to a Mozart sonata and took the test again. The performance of the Mozart group improved, Shaw found. He reasoned that listening to Mozart increases the number of connections between neurons.But Kenneth Steele of Appalachian State University in North Carolina learnt that other studies failed to find this effect. He decided to repeat one of Shaw's experiments to see for himself.Steele divided 125 students into three groups and tested their abilities to work out how to paper would look if cut and folded. One group listened to Mozart, another listened to a piece by Philip Glass and the third did not listen to anything. Then the students took the test again.No group showed any statistically significant improvement in their abilities. Steele concludes that the Mozart effect doesn't exist. “It 's about as unproven and as unsupported as you can g”eth.e says.Shaw, however, defends his study. One reason he gives is that people who perform poorly in the initial test get the greatest boost from Mozart, but Steele didn't separate his students into groups based on ability. “ We' sretill at the stage where it needs to be examined. ”Shaw says. “I suspect that the more we understand the neurobiology, the more w'ell be able to design tests that give a robust effec”t.61. It has been recently found out that ________A. Mozart had an aptitude of music because of his mathematicalthinkingB. classical music cannot be expected to improve on'se mathC. the effects of music on health are widely recognizedD. music favors one's mathematical thinking62. Which of the following pairs, according to the widely publicized finding, is connected?A. Paper cutting and spatial thinkingB. The nature of a task and the type of thinkingC. Classical music and mathematical performanceD. Mathematical thinking and spatial-temporal reasoning63. In Shaw's test, the students would most probably _____A. draw the image of the cut paperB. improve their mathematical thinkingC. have the idea about classical music confirmedD. increase the number of neurons in their brains64. From Steele's experiment we say that ____ .A. his hypothesis did not get proven and supportedB. it was much more complicated than Shaw'sC. the result were statistically significantD. Shaw's results were not repeatable65. Shaw is critical of ________A. Steele's results presented at a wrong stageB. Steele's wrong selection of the testeesC. Steele's ignorance of neurobiologyD. Steele's test designPassage TwoLong-suffering couples take heart. There is a good reason for those endless arguments in the front of the car: men and women use different parts of the brain when they try to find their way around, suggesting that the strategies they use might also be completely different.Matthias Riepe and his colleagues at the University of Ulm in Germany asked 24 healthy volunteers---half of them men, half women---to find theirway out of three virtual-reality mazes displayed on video goggles. Meanwhile, the researchers monitored the volunteers' brain activity using a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. This showed that men and women called on strikingly different brain areas to complete the task. “I didn't expect it to be so dramatic,” says Riepe.Previous students have been shown that woman rely manly on landmarks to find their way. Men use these cues too, but they also use geometric cues, such as the angle and shape of a wall or a corner. Such studies also suggest that men navigate their way out of unfamiliar spaces more quickly, as Riepe found in his study, too.Riepe discovered that both men and women used parts of the parietal cortex towards the top of the brain, the right side of the hippocampus and a few other well-established areas to find their way out. Neuroscientists think that the parietal regions help translate what the eyes see into information about where the body is in space, while the hippocampal region helps progress how objects are arranged.But other regions seemed to be exclusively male or female. The men engaged the left side of their hippocampus, which the researcherssay could help with assessinggeometry or remembering whether they have already visited a location. The women, by contrast, recruited their right frontal cortex. Riepe says this may indicate that they were using their “working memory”, trying to keep in mind the landmarks they had passed.“It fits very well with the animal studies, ”says Riepe. He points out that there seem to be similar differences in rats. For example, damage to the frontal lobe will impair a female 's sense of direction, but not a mal'es.66. The studies on the driving issue have evolved _________A. from the car to the driverB. from the reality to the virtual -ealityC. from the physical cues to the parts of the brainD. from the cues of navigation to the strategies of driving67. The different parts of the brain men and women use to find their wayaround, according to the passage, refer to _______A. the left side of the hippocampus and the right frontal cortexB. the right and left side of their hippocampuses respectivelyC. the right and left hemisphere of their brains respectivelyD. the parietal cortex and the hippocampus as a whole68. The part of the brain women use may help explain whythey ___________ .A. use geometric cues to navigateB. have a better memory than menC. rely mainly on landmarks to find their waysD. behave less aggressively than men in driving69. T he reason for the differences in the sexes, according to Riepe, could beA. the environmental factorB. the psychological factorC. the innate factorD. all of the above70. Which one of the following questions did the studies answer?A. How do women and men drive differently?B. How can we detect the brain activities during driving?C. Why do men and women argue over which route to take?D. Why does the damage to the frontal lobe impair the sense ofdirection?Passage ThreeWork has left you frazzled. Your legs ache when you get back fromthe gym …don 'pop those aspiri ns just yet. Think hot spri ngs. Cranking up a hot tub and hopping in is a actural remedy that can provide significant relief from physical pain and stress.There are more than three million home spas in the U.S. today. Thereare numerous reasons spas have made the move from the decks of Hollywood producers to the back yards of middle America. Spas help reduce the effect of stress on your body, assist in muscle recovery after the stress of exercise, and help heal muscles near arthritic joints.There ate three elements to hydrotherapy that, in tandem, provide these healing effects on the body: heat, buoyancy, and motion. When you exercise, your muscles develop thousands of microscopic tears which result in painful lactic acid build-up in the muscle tissue. Hydrotherapy's motion and warmth cause blood vessels to dilate, lowering blood pressure and speeding the flow of oxygen, endorphins, and cell-repairing nutrients to injured muscles. Additionally, buoyancy of the water reduces the strain on your knees and joints which allow the surrounding muscles to relax. This can be of crucial help to arthritis sufferers, because when joints are inflamed, the surrounding muscles become tense to protect them. Relaxing in a spa then makes your muscles more limber and reduces the pain. Water's healing potential has long been known.We don't tend to associate intelligence with our bodies, yet as Thomas Edison said, “ Greatideas originate in the muscles.”Radical psychoanalyst Wilhelm Reich believed that many of us inhibit or deny impulses, feelings, traumas, and stressesby tightening our muscles and creating a kind of “body armor.”He felt that as you cut off the source of pain, you also cut off the source of pleasure. By loosening body armor, byletting muscles relax, you can return to a feeling of flow and creativity.Few things can relax the body more than a home spa. And a relaxed body leads to a relaxed mind. There is no better place to start relaxing than an hour in your home hot springs.71. To begin with, what does the author insist we avoid doing?A. Undergoing physical pain and stress.B. Taking aspirin tablets.C. Going to the gym.D. Relaxing in a spa.72. What does the second sentence in the second paragraph implies?A. The origin of spas.B. The popularity of hot springs.C. The flux of people to mid America.D. The spas as a luxury only for the rich.73. After the stress of exercise, the injured muscles ___A. will lead to arthritisB. contain plenty of microscopic tearsC. can cause blood pressure to declineD. will boost the production of cell-repairing nutrients74. The author contends that our creativity _____A. can be enforced by the‘body armor”B. does not occur in mind but in the musclesC. can be hampered with our muscles tightenedD. is good only when we are free of mental an d physical stress75. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Spas, the Best RelaxationB. A Brief History of Spas.C. Spa Resorts in the USAD. Soak AwayStressPassage FourConvincing the public to follow health advice can be tough and time-consuming. This may be why changes to health messages are often fiercely resisted by those whose job is to get the advice across. So, for example, the suggestion that smokers who cannot quit should reduce their exposure to harm by switching to chewing tobacco met with extreme opposition.A still more ferocious debate is emerging over the health impact of sunshine. For the past 20years, advice on sunlight has come from dermatologists who rightly warn people to cover up when they ventureoutside for fear of developing skin cancer. But evidence from researchersin other fields now suggests that short periods in the sun without protection—sometimes as little as a few minutes a day---can preventmost other major forms of cancer.This surprising conclusion stems from findings that vitamin D. which is made by skin cells exposed to the sun's ultraviolet rays, is a potent anti-cancer agent. The researchers who made this discovery are eager to be heard. But their message is about as welcome as a bad rash, particularly in countries such as Australia and the US where fair-skinned immigrants living at Mediterranean latitudes have made skin cancer a huge problem.The American Academy of Dermatology argues that advocating one carcinogen ---- U V radiation --- to protect against other forms of cancer is dangerous and misleading. If people need more vitamin D, they should take a multivitamin or drink milk fortified with it, says the academy. Unfortunately, the solution is not as simple as that. Critics also argue that the protective effect of sunlight is not yet proved. While this may be true, the evidence is very suggestive. The case is built on several studies that bring together cellular biology, biochemistry and epidemiology.And all the criticism of this theory counts for nothing if, as some of its advocates, suggest, the number of people dying for lack of sunlight is four times as high as those dying from skin cancer. At the same time, those advocates must not overstate their case. Everyone wants to save as manylives as they can.What we need now is for national medical research bodies and cancer research organizations to investigate the relative risks and benefits of sunshine. This will almost certainly mean more epidemiological work, which should start as soon as possible. As for the public: give them the facts, including risk estimates for short periods in the sun---and for covering up. It is patronizing（施恩于人的） to assume that people cannot deal with complex messages.What we definitely do not want is a war of words between groups with polarized views, and no prospect of the issue being resolved. That way will only lead to confusion, distrust of doctors and more unnecessary deaths.76. According to the first two paragraphs, the problem seems to be that the public ________A. cannot be reached by health messagesB. is torn between two health messagesC. never trust those health researchersD. are divided over health problems77. The recent opposition goes to ________A. the protective value of sunshineB. the cancer-causing effect of sunshineC. the debate over the health impact of sunshineD. the two controversial messages about skin cancer78. According to the critics, the health impact of sunshine ________A. will be epidemiologically provedB. is misleading the public altogetherC. merits a comprehensive investigationD. can be easily addressed with a simple solution79. The author implies that health messages should be made easy _____A. to debateB. to swallowC. to estimateD. to publicize80. As for the issue, the author suggests that the public ________A. decide on their own how much sunshine is too muchB. avoid unnecessary deaths due to complex messagesC. be provided with reliable and practicable messagesD. facilitate the understanding of health messagesPassage FiveI make my way down the three chilly blocks to an old diner on Commercial Street. I am meeting a new friend for lunch. I 've never been here before: this is not my part of town. And so I arrive early, to sit in an old wooden booth and learn what I can about the place.They call it Katie 's kitchen. One hundred years ago, it was a bar. The barstools remain, but through community donations, it 's now a respectablerestaurant. The hostess, casher, and waiters are residents of a nearby hotel for the transient and unemployed and work here to gain dignity and job skills. Both the hotel and restaurant are run by Sister L, a nun with a heart and a great deal of business sense.My new friend arrives. He works down the street, in a clinic for indigent （穷的）persons; he knows these people. The workers and many of the clients seem to know him too, for I see warmth and proud smiles on their faces as he greets them. Behind him, a few nameless souls wander in from the street in a swirl of December wind.I focus on our waitress. A pretty girl of perhaps 18 years, she is all smiles and grace. I wonder for a moment why she's here ---what her story is;what her dreams are; whether she is raising children on her own. But I cannot hold the thought, for she reminds me of another waitress at my favorite coffee shop---a college student with a bright future.Some time later, I finish my soup and sandwich---a good meal made better because of the smile of the girl who served it. I wipe my mouth and go to pay. Eight dollars and sixty-four cents, for two. To our embarrassment, my friend and I discover that neither of us has cash, and my credit card is not good here.We sheepishly approach Sister L, who smiles and takes my bill. “It o'ka s y.”she says. “We'll buy your lunch. It 'll be our pleasure.”Slowly, I leave the world of the diner. Back at the hospital where I work, my boss laments our financial woes. “ We' rreeally tight,”he says.”。
考博英语(完形填空)历年真题试卷汇编20(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编20(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. ClozeCloze(北京航空航天大学2016年试题) The front matter of a book consists of the title, subtitle, table of contents, and preface. But the【C1】______of readers who pay no attention to the signals is larger than you might expect, unless you happen to be one of those who are【C2】______to admit it. I have this experience again and again 【C3】______students. I have asked them【C4】______a book was about. I have asked them to tell me, in the most general【C5】______, what sort of book it was. This, I have【C6】______, is a good way, almost an indispensable【C7】______, to begin a discussion. Many students are【C8】______to answer this first and simplest question about the book. Sometimes they apologize【C9】______that they haven’t finished reading it yet, and【C10】______do not know. That’s no【C11】______, I point out. Did you look at the title? Did you study the【C12】______? Did you read the preface【C13】______introduction? No, they did not. The front matter of a book【C14】______to be like the ticking of a clock,【C15】______you notice only when it is not there. One reason why titles and prefaces are【C16】______by so many readers is that they do not think【C17】______important to clarify the book they are reading. They do not follow this first【C18】______. If they tried to follow it, they【C19】______be grateful to the author【C20】______them.1．【C1】A．majorityB．amountC．numberD．figure正确答案：C解析：空格所在句是说不关注这些信息的读者数量要比人们预想的多。
解放军医学院(301医院)神经解剖学2016年考博真题试卷
医学考博真题试卷
攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷
解放军医学院（301医院）
2016年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：神经解剖学 注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。 一、选择题20分 涉及顶叶作用，前臂神经支配，内听动脉前庭动脉来源
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二、填空题 1.桥脑的交感神经核 2.从背面发出的脑神经 3.肱二头肌神经支配 4.颈静脉孔通过神经 5.眶上裂穿过结构 三、名词解释 1.什么裂原谅我不知道 2.边缘叶 3.运动单位 4.神经肌肉接头 5.内侧纵束 四、简答题 1.视觉传导通路 2.Gerstmann综合征 3.海绵窦解剖及穿行结构 4.脊髓丘脑束走行 五、问答题 1.画出基底节结构，并标注核团纤维 2.正中神经走行 3.丘脑的血供
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Байду номын сангаас
全国医学博士英语统考真题及答案版
2016年全国医学博士英语统考答案Listening Comprehension (30%)Section A1. B. At three next Wednesday.2. B. A piercing pain.3. A. He is going to get married.4. D. She couldn't agree with the man more.5. A. Jack's girlfriend is mad at him.6. B. It's wise to be prepared.7. B. He is a trouble-maker.8. D. $309. C. Work out in the gym.10. B. 23211. A. Mary isn't his type.12. A. Play tennis.13. C. In the hospital.14. A. She is seriously ill.15. B. She makes a living now as a landlady.Section BDialogue16. A. A duodenal ulcer.17. B. Try medical means.18. A. Overweight.19. C. He is a heavy smoker.20. D. Make an appointment with Dr. Oaks.Passage One21. D. He is the creator of a website on longevity.22. C. Women develop cardiovascular disease much later than men.23. B. In their 60s and 70s.24. D. Iron.25. C. Another possibility for women's longevity.Passage Two26. C. He struggled under the strain of poverty.27. B. He is an investment advisor.28. D. Fear.29. B. He began reading investment books and then began practicing.30. C. Where there is a will, there is a way.Part II Vocabulary (10%)Section ADirections: In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases, marked A, B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.31. Employers have a legal obligation to pay _______ to their workers for injuries.A. compensationB. compromiseC. commodityD. consumptionKey: A32. The argument between the two patients became so fierce that the doctor had to _________.A. alleviateB. aggravateC. extinguishD. interveneKey: D33. But despite a ll the legal hustle and bustle, they don’t actually expect to_______ death sentences to life terms without parole.A. induceB. convertC. reviveD. swerveKey: B34. To maintain physical well-being, a person should eat _______ food and get sufficient exercise.A. integralB. grossC. wholesomeD. intactKey: C35. The Central Government’s pledge to maintain the ______ and stability of Hong Kong at all costs is a great encouragement to the local finance.A. provisionB. prosperityC. privilegeD. preferenceKey: B36. It is pointed out that patients must be reassured that “their lives will not be ______ as a result of bed shortages.”A. facilitatedB. forfeitedC. fulfilledD. furnishedKey: B37. The cause of his death has been a mystery and _______ unknown so far.A. exclusivelyB. superficiallyC. utterlyD. doubtfullyKey: C38. It is known that some ways of using resources _______ can destroy the environment as well as the people living in it.A. recklesslyB. sparinglyC. sensiblyD. incrediblyKey: A39. Cholera is a preventable waterborne bacterial infection that is spread through ______ water.A. filteredB. distilledC. contaminatedD. purifiedKey: C40. We welcome him not ____________ as a new broom but rather as a very old friend.A. by the wayB. at all eventsC. by no meansD. in any senseKey: CSection B41. scrutinyA. sanctionB. restrictionC. censusD. examination Key: D42. potentA. inexpensiveB. powerfulC. conventionalD. lethalKey: B43. at odds withA. in tune withB. in favor ofC. for the sake ofD. in disagreement withKey: D44. eminentA. renownedB. notoriousC. popularD. mysteriousKey: A45. diversityA. sevrityB. reliablilityC. varietyD. specificityKey: C46. lapseA. errorB. sinC. guiltD. offenseKey: A47. jaundiceA. grievanceB. sympathyC. jealousyD. indignationKey: C48. to little availA. by no meansB. in vainC. of no accountD. at stake Key: B49. lavishlyA. fearlesslyB. conspicuouslyC. wastefullyD. ferociously Key: C50. progressionA. deteriorationB. accumulationC. expansionD. promotion Key: APart III Cloze (10%)51. A. careful about B. capable of C. accessible to D. susceptible to Key: B52. A. in the event B. in an attempt C. at the moment D. along the wayKey: D53. A. exclusive B. very C. just D. exactKey: A54. A. indeed B. however C. moreover D. thereforeKey: B55. A. demonstration B. dimension C. destiny D. determinationKey: C56. A. has been said B. being said C. was said D. is saidKey: B57. A. more or less B. pretty much C. as ever D. if anyKey: B58. A. while B. despite C. nevertheless D. sinceKey: C59. A. case B. mold C. sense D. conditionKey: C60. A. different B. similar C. insufficient D. significantKey: DPart IV Reading Comprehension (30%)Passage One61. To have a journey of discovery witheach child, according to the passage, is_____________.A. to discover their unique sleep-wakecycles62. In the first paragraph, the authorsuggests that parents ____________.D. keep a diary on sleep pattern for theirchil63. When there exists a “marker” in the child according to the passage, __________.A. it might lead to his or her earlysubstance use64. What is the author trying to tell us inthethird paragraph?B. Sometimes parents need to seek professionalassistance.65. What is the main idea of the passage?C. Parents’ role in building their child’shealthy sleeping habit.Passage Two66. The study's results indicated_____________.A. health disparities between English andAmerican senior citizens67. Which of the following is uniquehealth-care challenge for English senior citizens when compared with theirAmerican counterparts?A. higher death rate.68. What does James Smith imply by anAmerican plate?C. large portion of food consumed byAmericans.69. The Americans' unique health-carechallenge, according to James Smith, is derived form ______________.D. their unhealthy lifestyle factors70. Even though it is much more aggressive,the American medicine __________.B. benefits more seniors who needmedicalcare.Passage Three71. The current PIK study ___________.B. was based on the global land-use models72. As the PIK results imply, it ispossible ____________.”D. to return to the emission levels around199573. Simply put, to produce and consume lessmeat and dairy is to __________.A. to reduce more methane and nitrous oxideemissions74. The greenhouse gas pie tellsus__________.C. the priorities in the environmentalprotection75. What can be the best title forthepassage?D. Diet for a Healthier PlanetPassage Four76. What can be said of Henry?C. His life was improved with telehealth.77. Henry activates his daily healthmanagement __________.B. By getting hooked up to themonitoringdevices78. As one of the pioneering patients,Henry __________.A. receives the most benefits fromtelehealth79. What is the most important about thetelehealth technology in the case of Henry?D. His condition can be kept undercontinuous surveillance at home.80. Thanks to the telehealth technologyHenry knows for sure his blood oxygen level, thus__________.C. getting hospitalized in no timePassage Five81. Rappaport argues that a major threat toour human health __________.A. lies in our exposome82. What can be said of the exposomeaccording to Rappaport?D. Changeable.83. Speaking of genes, Rappaport wouldsaythat __________.B. there is no such a thing aspredictivemedicine.84. Even though we cannot pinpoint theexact impact of environmental influences. Wild contends that __________.C. each of us leaves a unique exposurehistory in the environment85. Particularly important, according toNicholson, is the time when __________.C. the exposome comes inPassage Six86. The author cries for a changein____________.D. global science publishing87. According to the author, the lowinternational recognition and impact of scientists in the developing countriescan be attributed to __________.C. their limited publications in globalindexing databases88. The survey conducted by Tijssenjustified the author's view that __________.D. most scientists in developing countriesremain marginalized in global science publishing89. To address the current situation, theauthor argues that it is imperative that __________.D. quality and quantity be desired in thelocal journals90. Which of the following can be the besttitle for the passage?C. Globalizing Science Publishing作文的标题：The Cultivation and Development of General Practitioner。
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连俊霞医学考博完型填空
2016年医学考博完型填空真题
Humans are the only species known to have consciousness, awareness that we have brains and bodies _51_ adaptability that we can affect the course our lives take, that we can make choices _52_ that vastly affect the quality of our lives—biologically, intellectually, environmentally, and spiritually. As humans, we have the ability to mold our _53_ beings to become what or who we wish to become. While some of us may, _54_, have genetic and biological imperatives that may require medication or training to overcome, or at least to modulate, the vast majority of us do, in fact, hold our emotional _55_ in our hands.
All that _56_, until the last decade, scientists believed that the human brain and its connections were formed during gestation and infancy and remained _57_ unchanged through childhood. They believed that humans have a given number of neurons in a specific brain structure, and _58_ the number might vary among people, once you were done with childhood development, you were set in this _59_. Your connections were already made, and the learning and growing period of your brain was over. In the last decade, however, researchers have found _60_ evidence that this is not so, and that something called neuroplasticity continues throughout our lives.
(209 words)
51. A. careful about B. capable of C. accessible to D. susceptible to
52. A. in the event B. in an attempt C. at the moment D. along the way
53. A. exclusive B. very C. just D. exact
54. A. indeed B. however C. moreover D. therefore
55. A. demonstration B. dimension C. destiny D. determination
56. A. has been said B. being said C. was said D. is said
57. A. more or less B. pretty much C. as ever D. if any
58. A. while B. despite C. nevertheless D. since
59. A. case B. mold C. sense D. condition
60. A. different B. similar C. insufficient D. significant Plastic Is Fantastic for Your Brain: Neuroplasticity Paves the Way for You to Be Happier。