大型软件测试系统Nucleus PLUS 培训资料

任务与任务调度
多任务系统
/* Main control of program */ main() { do_something(); }
Task 1
/* A function to do something */ void do_something() { } /* Main control of program */ main() { do_something(); }
任务间通信－在两个或多个任务间传送数
信箱Mailboxes 队列Queues 管道Pipes
任务间通信
信箱 信息长度固定 开销小 一次传送一个信息
Task X
1 Message
Task Y
任务间通信
队列与管道
容纳多个信息 信息长度可固定或变长 用于在任务间传送大容量信息
Task X
Task Y
任务间同步
CLIB
Kernels
PLUS
Networking
NET WebServ JVi
Supporting Products
FILE GRAFIX
Debugging Tools Prototyping - Cross Development
ATI产品
调试工具
DBUG+ UDB Debugger Integration
Nucleus EDE MNT PC+
C++
RMON
SNMP
SPAN
CLIB
Kernels
PLUS
Networking
NET WebServ JVi
Supporting Products
FILE GRAFIX
Debugging Tools Prototyping - Cross Development
任务与任务调度
文本切换
Register 1 Register 2 Register 3
Register 4
CPU
Register 5 Register 6
Register 6 Register 5 Register 4 Register 3 Register 2 Register 1 stack
任务间通信
EP
Task 2
苛刻性资源/可重入性
Task-1
Task-2
多个任务同时对同 一存储区访问将导 致数据被破坏。
Variable X,Y
memory
苛刻性资源/可重入性
disable
队列管理
enable
内存管理
分区内存管理
内存分配是预定的，且分区长度固定。
动态内存管理
内存分配大小可变
内存管理
分区内存管理
Task Y
Task Communication
Pipes Create/Delete Send/Receive Broadcast To Send to Front Reset Information Number of pipes Retrieve list of active pipes
Task X
Task Y
Optimized for small messages. Each message consists of four 32-bit pieces.
Task Communication
Queues Create/Delete Send/Receive Broadcast To Reset Send To Front Information Number of queues Retrieve list of active queues
Task List (0) . . . . Task List (255)
Reset Task Change task priority Task sleep Check Stack Retrieve list of current tasks Information
Task-10
Task-20
Task-30
I
X
ISRX
interrupt_service_routine() { handle_the_interrupt() }
Device 1
I/O 驱动
提供通用编程接口
IO_Input()
Device
Device Driver Interface
IO_Output
I/O Task
定时器与系统时钟
定时器 系统时钟
NET WebServ JVi
Supporting Products
FILE GRAFIX
Debugging Tools Prototyping - Cross Development
ATI产品
实时内核
Nucleus PLUS Nucleus C++
C++
RMON
SNMP
SPAN
CLIB
Kernels
CLIB
Kernels
PLUS
Networking
NET WebServ JVi
FILE
Supporting Products
GRAFIX
Debugging Tools Prototyping - Cross Development
ATI产品
支持部件
GRAFIX FILE CLIB
C++
RMON SNMP SPAN
Task-1255
Task-2255
Task-3255
Task Control
Task States
Ready - waiting to execute (a running task is also ready) Sleep - waiting for time to expire Pure Suspend - unconditionally suspended Component Suspend - waiting for a component Terminated - task has been terminated either by itself or another task Finished - task executed to completion (has returned from main task function)
heap
中断处理
中断可使得CPU对外部事件异步响应； 中断处理必须在短时间内快速响应；. 采用保护机制以保护数据不被破坏： 禁止中断 其他措施(LISR/HISR)
An external device completes a task, which causes interrupt X to be issued. The Interrupt Service Routine is then initiated.
Memory Interrupt I/O Driver Development
Task Control
Create/Delete Task Suspend/Resume Task Terminate task Change task time slice Change preemption Relinquish
Fixed or variable sized messages. Message sent in 8-bit increments. Messages of higher importance can be placed in front using Send_To_Front.
任务间同步－协调（同步）任务间控制
信号量Semaphores 事件Events 信号Signals
任务间同步
信号量
信号量用于对冲突性资 源进行存取控制
Task 1
Device 1
Task 2
Device 2
Task 3
Task 3必须等待资 源释放。.
任务间同步
事件
$10/hour 40 hours 20%
Task 2
/* A function to do something */ void do_something() { } /* Main control of program */ main() { do_something(); }
多个任务竞争使用CPU 多个执行指针 多个存储空间
Task 3
Task Communication
Mailboxes Create/Delete Send/Receive Broadcast To Reset Information Number of mailboxes Retrieve list of active mailboxes
Task X
1 Message
PLUS
Networking
NET WebServ JVi
Supporting Products
FILE GRAFIX
Debugging Tools Prototyping - Cross Development
ATI产品
网络部件
NET SNMP RMON
SPAN WebServ JVi
C++
RMON SNMP SPAN
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
1 1 1
print
*T3
1 1 0 0 0
*T2
任务间同步
信号 属于某一特定任务 异步方式工作
EP
Task 1 Task P
signal_handler { … }