作业5-科技翻译
翻译作业5
Good morning. Today's lecture is about the Greenhouse Effect. The “greenhouse effect" often gets a bad rap because of its association with global warming, but the truth is we couldn't live without it. First, I'd like to ask you what causes the greenhouse effect. Life on earth depends on energy from the sun. About 30% of the sunlight that beams toward Earth is deflected by the outer atmosphere and scattered back into space. The rest reaches the planet's surface and is reflected upward again as a type of slow-moving energy called infrared radiation. As it rises, infrared radiation is absorbed by greenhouse gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone and methane, which slows its escape from the atmosphere. Although greenhouse gases make up only about 1% of the Earth's atmosphere, they regulate our climate by trapping heat and holding it in a kind of warm air blanket that surrounds the planet. This phenomenon is what scientists call the “greenhouse effect.”Without it, scientists estimate that the average temperature on Earth would be colder by approximately 30 degrees Celsius, far too cold to sustain our current ecosystem. Second, we need to clarify the way humans contribute to the greenhouse effect. While the greenhouse effect is an essential environmental prerequisite for life on Earth, there really can be too much of a good thing. The problems begin when human activities distort and accelerate the natural process by creating more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere than are necessary to warm the planet to an ideal temperature, for example, burning natural gas, coal and oil, including gasoline for automobile engines, raises the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Some farming practices and land-use changes increase the levels of methane and nitrous oxide. Many factories produce long-lasting industrial gases that do not occur naturally, yet contribute significantly to the enhanced greenhouse effect and global warming that is currently under way.Besides, deforestation also contributes to global warming. Trees use carbon dioxide and give off oxygen in their place, which helps to create the optimal balance of gases in the atmosphere. As more forests are logged for timber or cut down to make way for farming, however, there are fewer trees to perform this critical function. Population growth is another factor in global warming, because as more people use fossil fuels for heat, transportation and manufacturing, the level of greenhouse gases continue to increase. As more farming occurs to feed millions of new people, more greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere. Ultimately, more greenhouse gases mean more infrared radiation trapped and held, which gradually increases the temperature of the Earth's surface and the air in the lower atmosphere.Thirdly, what are the possible consequences caused by excessive greenhouse effect? It directly results in quick increase of the average global temperature. Today, the increase in the Earth's temperature is increasing with unprecedented speed. To understand just how quickly global warming is accelerating, consider this: during the entire 20th century, the average global temperature increased by about 0.6 degrees Celsius, while by using computer climate models, scientists estimate that by the year 2100 the average global temperature will increase by 1.4 degrees to 5.8 degrees Celsius, which is rather a big leap from the last century. Meanwhile, a majority of the scientists agree that even a small increase in the global temperature would lead to significant climate and weather changes, affecting cloud cover, precipitation, wind patterns, the frequency and severity of storms, and the duration of seasons.。
英语汉译英作业汇总
Unit 11、然而，许多人认为现代文明的发展不仅取决于科学技术，而且也取决于教育的社会化。
（5~6）Many people believe, however, that the development of modern civilization depends not only on science and technology, but also on educational/education socialization.2、人类应努力提高自身的研究能力，无论是理论研究还是应用研究能力。
（24~16）Man should make efforts to improve his own research ability, whether pure or applied research. 3、无论别人说什么，他都怀疑，因此受到大家的冷落。
（34~35）He is skeptical of/about whatever others say and therefore is left out in the cold.4、此外，我们对实验结果依然表示怀疑，因为我知道总有一些难以预料的因素，干扰了公正客观研究（39~42）Furthermore, I am dubious/doubtful/skeptical of/about the experiment result, since I know that a number of unexpected factors tend to disturb impartial and objective investigation/research.Unit31、毫无疑问，诸如所谓“来生”实际上是不存在的。
（来生：After-life,参见课文line1-2）There is no doubt that no such thing as the so-called …after-life‟ really exists.2、我们要尽可能多的说服那些似乎犹豫不决的人改变态度。
科技英语翻译
1. Automation in this true sense is brought to full fruition only through a thorough exploitation of its three major elements, communication, computation, and control----the three “Cs”．自动化按其确切的意义，只有全面运用通信、计算和控制三个主要组成部分（“三C" )才能完全实现。
2. In the case of the blast-furnace, the computer would need to be supplied with information about the raw material which goes into the furnace, the temperatures at which the furnace works, and the best way of dealing with the various ingredients.就高炉来说，需要给计算机提供装人高炉的原料的信息、高炉工作温度的信息和处理各种各样配料的最好方法等方面的资料。
3. The operation of this part of the steel plant is a complex and highly skilled operation, requiringa great deal of knowledge, a great deal of integrated information and rapid decision-making, to make sure the furnace operates efficiently in relation to the next stage in the process.钢厂的高炉操作是一项复杂而要求技术熟练的作业，需要大量的知识和大量的综合信息，并迅速地做出判定选择，以便确保高炉工艺流程中的下一阶段的有效工作。
科技翻译作业
Directions: Please translate the following passage into Chinese with EST translation techniques.Computers and PeopleIn future, cash will be used less and less. We may one day, live in a cashless society where all financial transactions are processed by computers without the use of cash. Transference of money will be through electronic fund transfer.The way we live will also be affected. We shall work shorter hours and have more time for leisure. There will even be no need to travel to work.Unemployment may also result. Many workers will be replaced by machines. People will need to be computer-literate and re-training is required for the people involved.There will be more computer crimes like theft of confidential information stored in computers, unauthorized manipulation of computer information, etc. Large sums of money are involved. The criminals are rarely convicted because it is difficult to catch them.There is also the danger of more people knowing things we would like to keep private. The more information is stored in computer, the greater the possibility of it being misused or accessed by the wrong people. (169 words)。
初中一年级英语暑假作业翻译及答案
初中一年级英语暑假作业翻译及答案1. --你最喜欢的科目是?--我最喜欢的科目是科学--What’s your favorite subject?=What subject do you like best?--My favorite subject is science.= I like science best.2. 为什么你喜欢体育课?因为它很有趣。
Why do you like PE? Because it’s fun.3. 我最喜欢的科目是音乐?你呢?My favorite subject is music? What is yours?4. (今天)星期二，我要上生物课。
It’s Tuesday and I have biology.5. 我喜欢星期五因为(周五)我们要上历史课。
I love Friday because we have history in the morning.(主从句不分家)6. 今天下午我要上科学课。
I have a science class this afternoon.7. --她为什么不喜欢数学?--因为她觉得太难了。
--Why doesn’t she like math? --Because she thinks it’s very difficult.8. --你的美术老师是谁?--是琼斯太太。
--Who is your art teacher? –It’s Mrs. Jones.9. --你妈妈最喜欢的颜色是什么?--是蓝色。
--What’s your mother’s favorite color?—Her favorite color is blue.10. --你们什么时候有数学课?--我们星期一、星期三和星期五都有数学课。
--When do you have math? --We have math on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.11. 肯最喜欢的科目是什么? --科学课。
机器视觉作业部分英文单词翻译与解释
第一次作业1、什麽是视觉?物体的影像刺激眼睛所产生的感觉。
（视力+知识）2、人类视觉通常包括那几个主要部分，各自的功能是什麽？晶状体，视网膜，视觉神经，大脑。
晶状体：调节焦距，接受处理光信号。
视网膜：将光信号转换为电信号。
有杆状细胞（暗细胞，感知明暗信息）和锥状细胞（明细胞，感知颜色信息）组成。
视觉神经单元：在眼内由视网膜节细胞发出的纤维组成，将电信号传至大脑。
大脑：对图像进行分析处理。
3、机器视觉通常包括那几个主要部分，各自的功能是什麽？光学镜头，光电传感器，适配器，A/D转换器，数字处理系统。
光学镜头：对外界的景物进行成像或者聚焦。
光电传感器：将图像信号转换换成连续的视频信号输出。
适配器：将输出的连续的电信号进行规划，使之满足后续处理的要求。
A/D转换器：将模拟信号转换成数字信号。
数字处理系统：对数字信号进行处理，使之成为满足要求的信号。
4、人类视觉及机器视觉各自的优缺点是什么？人类视觉：优点：处理速度快；处理能力强；对环境的响应能力强；成像分辨率高；较为灵活。
缺点：主观性强；耐疲劳能力弱；只能看见可见光；不能定量分析物体分布距离。
机器视觉：优点：能适应恶劣环境，耐疲劳；可识别更多的光谱，准确性高；控制简单；信息响应快速；尺寸测量、定量检测、三维形状测试方面强。
缺点：串行工作方式；对环境快速响应能力差；光学系统需要改进。
5、机器视觉涉及到那些学科的知识？机器视觉可在哪些领域应用？学科：光学，物理学，机械设计，自动控制原理，工程测试等。
应用领域：通信工程、遥感技术、医用图像处理、工业领域、军事公安、文化艺术等。
6、能否举2个机器视觉的应用案例？利用点视觉检测系统，在香皂包装机中，对香皂包装过程中的数量进行计数并控制。
鱼类产品的自动识别分类。
7、机器视觉检测技术及传统检测技术有何不同？能解决那些传统检测技术解决不了的问题？传统检测技术主要是利用结构光的检测方法，机器视觉检测主要是利用三维立体视觉检测方法。
(完整版)大学英语翻译全教程(完美版)练习与作业
To make a long story short. It is another story now. He storied about his academic career and his professional career. I don ’ t buyuyrostory. Once the story got abroad, I would never hear the last of it. Of Studies 选段： Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privateness and
Once in a blue moon
as cool as a cucumber
Black sheep
as timid as a rabbit
4.音译法
1
karaoke Guitar Model Coffee Sofa 气功 太极 功夫 狗不理 好利来 5.音译意译结合法 KFC
三、词法翻译
1.对等译法 直接找到同原文对等的表达。
2
retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business.
作业二：句子的翻译
一、普通句子的翻译
1.换序译法 更换原文的词序，使得译文通顺。 even the wild animals of his homeland, it seemed to Kunta, had more dignity than these creatures. 2.断句译法 长而复杂的句子，适当断开翻译。 the shark swung over and the old man saw his eye was not alive and then he swung over once again, wrapping himself in two loops of the rope. 3.转句译法 原文词语具有丰富含义，需要译文转译成一个句子。 a crashing thunderstorm, with thick rain hissing down from skies black as night, stopped Victor Henry from leaving the White House. 4.合句译法 英语句子一般较长，汉语句子较短，所以汉译英时常把几个句子合起来译成一个英语句子。 贾琏见他去了，只得回来瞧凤姐。／谁知凤姐已醒了，听他和鸳鸯借当。 5.缩句译法 将原文的一个句子转换为译文句子的一个部分。 her father became the mayor of the city. He was a murderer in the Second World War. 6.转态译法 原译文的主被动语态进行转换。 she hadn’t been told Bette’s other name, or sh’ed forgotten it. 7.正反译法 原文中的否定词译文翻译为肯定词， 肯定词翻译为否定词， 相反也可以这样。 we must never stop taking an optimistic view of life. He seemed to be at a loss for the precise words to elaborate his opinion.
科技英语翻译重点句子总结
1、P23 【例1】时态翻译The waster radiation is revolutionizing X-ray science, enabling researchers to see things on an atomic level with eyes that are a million times more powerful than ever before.这种歧视为废物的辐射使X射线科学发生了一场革命：它使科研工作者能用眼睛看到原子级的东西，这一放大率比以往提高了100万倍。
2、P24 【例3】虚拟语气If the reaction took hours, and not seconds, the fuel costs would be prohibitive.如果这一反应要花费数小时，而不是几秒钟，燃料费就太高了。
3、P24 【例6】虚拟语气Moving parts of a machine would wear much more rapidly without being oiled.机器的运动部件如果不加油就会磨损的非常快。
4、P24 【例7】祈使句Keep the batteries in dry places, and electricity may not be made to leak away.（如果）把蓄电池放在干燥的地方，就不会漏电。
5、P25 【例12】被动语态In other words mineral substances which are found on earth must be extracted by digging, boring holes, artificial explosions, or similar operations which make them available to us.换言之，矿物就是存在于地球上，但须经过挖掘、钻孔、人工爆破或类似作业才能获得的物质。
汉英翻译练习作业
汉英翻译练习作业-标准化文件发布号：（9456-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII单句类1. 直译与意译 (literal translation vs. free/liberal translation)1.怕什么呢？死了张屠夫，还有李屠夫，人多得很。
2.这事就败在你手里了。
3.不料半路杀出一个程咬金。
4.她不分青红皂白，乱交朋友。
5.爸爸，感谢您对我们的爱，您的辛勤工作让我和妈妈衣食无忧。
6.约翰为人可靠。
他既忠实又正直。
7.管它三七二十一，先吃个饱再说。
8.我对他简直佩服得五体投地。
9.他吓得屁滚尿流。
10.你让我倒了八辈子霉。
11.她生长在富贵之家。
12.她怕碰一鼻子灰，话到了嘴边，又把它吞了下去。
13.他吃了大败仗。
14.人生有苦也有甜。
15.酒逢知己千杯少，话不投机半句多。
16.他是“外甥打灯笼——照舅（照旧）”。
17.这项研究发现，青年妇女由于抽烟和缺乏运动，将大大缩短自己的寿命。
18.露丝一刻不得消停，弄得别的孩子很无语，我就把她撵了出去。
19.我妹妹又去减肥中心了。
20.江山易改，本性难移。
2. 省词法 (omission)1.他在我不知道的情况下私自拿走了那东西。
2.此新产品耐寒、耐旱、适合在北方生长。
3.大家都必须杜绝在工作中的浪费现象。
4.这些问题就是他提出的关于保护稀有动物的问题。
5.台湾海峡两岸的中国人都是骨肉同胞，手足兄弟。
6.如果你觉得合适就干，不合适就别干，你自个儿看着办吧。
7.他满脸皱纹，皮肤黝黑，头发灰白稀疏。
8.他吃了点东西，喝了点酒，因为他疲惫不堪了。
9.他说，“谁也不能指望他采取克制或讲道理的态度。
”10.多年来那个国家一直有严重的失业现象。
11.他把事情一五一十地都讲给父母听了。
12.我们党结束了那个时期物价混乱的局面。
13.事发二十个小时以内，他都处于昏迷状态。
14.至今这位老将军都还记得当年邓政委请他到家作客的情形。
第五次作业(科技英语翻译)
Homework 5班级1301203 姓名郑雁学号130120329Directions: Translate the following expressions and sentences into Chinese with the techniques presented in the brackets. Be careful with the underlined words.1. a new system of teaching English一种新的英语教学体系。
2. Scientists should look on every new invention with a critical eye.科学家们应该以批判的眼光审视每一项新发明。
3. Old energy sources will continue to play a major role in industrial activity.传统能源将继续在工业生产发展中起主要的作用。
4. sound wave声波sound the seabed用声波探测海底5. The first electronic computers went into operation in 1946. (增译)第一个电子计算机ENIAC于1946年投入使用。
6. N ot having been discovered, many laws of nature does exit. (增译，使逻辑关系更清楚)很多自然规律的确存在，只是目前还没有发现。
7. There are many kinds of bacteria which vary in shapes and sizes. (省译介词)这个时间上有大小和形状不同的很多种类的细菌。
8. In his special theory of Relativity, presented in 1905 and evolved in his spare time whilehe worked as an examiner at the Swiss patent office, Einstein proposed a newfundamental view of the universe, based on a n extension of the quantum theory. （拆译长句）。
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Lie-detector camera looks into your eyes
A new heat-detecting camera can catch a liar in the act - at least 75% of the time, according to a small scientific study out today.
If additional tests confirm its ability, the lie-detector camera might one day be used by airport security to apprehend terrorists before they get on an airplane, says researcher James Levine of the Mayo Clinic.
But one critic questions whether the camera would ever be reliable enough to be used on a large scale, or whether it could spot someone who plans to commit a crime.
Levine's group reported their early findings in today's Nature. Levine and his colleagues enlisted 20 U.S. Army recruits to help test the camera, which records the heat patterns that are created when blood rushes to the human face. The researchers told eight of the recruits in the study to commit a mock crime. They were told to stab a mannequin, rob it of $20, then lie about the "crime." The remaining 12 people in the study knew nothing about the fake crime.
The researchers took all 20 people into an interrogation room. They asked them whether they had stolen $20 and then recorded their answers with a standard polygraph test and the new camera.
The camera caught six out of eight liars as they were lying - the same lie-detecting ability as the polygraph test. The camera also correctly identified 11 of the 12 people who were telling the truth - a slightly better rate than the polygraph.
The study is so small that it can't be used as proof of the camera's ability to catch a thief or a liar, Levine says. Still, he is hopeful that the camera is recording a subtle flushing of the face that may automatically occur when someone lies.
That flushing may not be caught by the naked eye, but the camera shows a bright red-orange-yellow zone that represents blood rushing to the eyes. "When someone lies, you get an instantaneous warming around the eyes," he says. Levine speculates that people who lie are afraid of getting caught. That fear triggers a primitive response to run away. Blood goes to the eyes so that the liar can more efficiently map out an escape route, he says.
Levine says it may take years before the camera would be ready for a test at a large U.S. airport.
Alan Zelicoff, a senior scientist at the Center for National Security and Arms Control at the Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, says that even if the camera works as well as it did in this study, it would mistakenly label lots of people as liars. At a busy U.S. airport, those
mistakes could mean a thousand passengers a day who would get pulled aside by security - a move that would probably mean lots of missed flights and irate passengers, he ATODAY。