汇编浅析英语资高考大纲新增230个单词

2012年全国高考模拟参考部分英语：高考大纲新增230个单词今年英语高考命题有两大变化首次提出“注重基础考查，突出能力立意”一、命题指导思想：突出能力立意1．普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是为高校招生而进行的选拔性考试。

命题以教育部考试中心颁布的《2007年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》为依据。

2．命题要遵循“有助于高校选拔人才，有助于中学实施素质教育，有助于高等学校扩大办学自主权”的高考改革原则，确保公平、公正、科学、规范。

3．命题应坚持稳定为主，注重基础考查，突出能力立意，着力内容创新。

要结合我省教学实际，有利于推动高中英语课程改革，考查考生进入高等学校继续学习的潜能。

4．命题应考虑英语学科特点，在考查考生的英语语言知识和语言技能的同时，侧重考查考生的综合语言运用能力，特别是运用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决实际问题的能力。

5．命制的试卷应具有较高的信度、效度，适当的难度和必要的区分能力。

二、考试形式试题卷采用闭卷笔试形式。

考试时间为120分钟，满分150分。

三、试卷结构试卷由四部分组成。

第一部分：听力本部分共两节，测试考生理解英语口语的能力。

第一节：共5小题，每小题1.5分。

要求考生根据所听到的5段简短对话，从每题所给的3个选项中选出最佳选项。

每段录音材料仅读一遍。

第二节：共15小题，每小题1.5分。

要求考生根据所听到的5段对话或独白，从每题所给的3个选项中选出最佳选项。

每段录音材料读两遍。

听力考试进行时，考生将答案标在试卷上；听力部分结束后，考生有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

本部分所需时间约为20分钟。

第二部分：英语语言知识运用本部分共三节，测试考生对英语语法和词汇知识的运用能力。

第一节：共10小题，每小题1分。

每题在一句或两句话中留出空白，要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

本节测试的重点为英语词汇的用法。

第二节：共10小题，每小题1.5分。

每题在一句话中留出空白，要求考生根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。

本节测试的重点为英语语言知识的综合运用。

第三节：共20小题，每小题1.5分。

在一篇短文中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。

本部分所需时间约为35分钟。

第三部分：阅读理解本部分测试考生理解书面英语的能力。

共20小题，每小题2分。

要求考生根据所提供的5篇短文的内容从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项。

本部分所需时间约为35分钟。

第四部分：书面表达本部分测试考生的书面语运用能力。

共1题，满分25分。

要求考生根据所给情景，用英语写一篇100个单词左右的短文。

情景包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等；提供情景的形式有图画、图表、提纲等。

本部分所需时间约为30分钟。

四、难度控制试题按难度系数(简称难度)分为容易题、中等题和难题。

难度在0.70以上(包括0.70)的题为容易题，难度在0.30-0.70之间的题为中等题，难度在0.30以下(包括0.30)的题为难题。

试卷由容易题、中等题和难题组成。

三种试题应控制合适的分值比例，试卷总体难度适中。

新增单词（部分）Aabsence/absenseabsentabuseaccommodationacheacidacreafterward(s)airplanealarmambassadoramusementannualantappointmentarithmeticarrowashamedasideastronomyatomautomaticavenueBballoonbamboobananabarbecuebarrierbatbathebathtubbeastblousebonusbootbrandbridegroombrokenbroombunchCcagecamelcanteencarpentercarriagecarrotcartooncellcentigradechalkchefchemistchesscircusclawcloudycollarcomedycommitcommitmentconsiderationconstitutionconstructcorrectioncountercourtyardcrewcyclistDdecorationdelighteddentistdessertdictationdisabilitydisappointeddismissdolldotdrawerdrilldrumdrunkEeagleEastereggplantembassyenjoyableeyesightFfadefaithfarefinancefileflashlightflexiblefogfrostGgarlicgiraffegolfgraduationgramgratefullgreengrocerguaranteeguitarHhamhamburgerharbo(u)rhenhikehomelandIice-creamidiominsertJjawjazzKkangarookettleLlamblemonadelidliterarylungMmatmessmillimeter/millimetermistmoralmoustachemultiplyOoccupationoperaoraloutcomeoutgoingPpavementpepperpostcodeprayerpreserveQqualificationRreligiousrevisionrevolutionSsaladsalesgirlsaltysausageschoolboy/girlsewshoppingsightseeingsimplifysleevesourspysteadysteakstrawstrawberrystringsuperswearsweatswellswordTtensionthreadthroatthundertimetabletoothbrushtoughtransformtrialT—shirtUumcomfortableunwillinguserVvasevehiclevestvitalWwanderwarmthwatermelonweekdaywhistlewindywinnerwormXX-rayYyardyoghurt题型示例(一)多项选择题(I)考查听力W: Alan, are you going to be in your office Wednesday afternoon?M: No. Why?W:I wondered if I could work there.My office is being painted then.M:You’re in luck,Susan.I’ll be out until Friday morning.W: That’s great. I’ve got to get my project done by Thursday afternoon.1. What did the woman ask the man?A. Whether he could let her use his office；B. Whether he had to work on the weekend；C. Whether he could help her with her project.M: This book is so interesting. I’m really enjoying it.W: What is it?M: Tear and Blood, by Steven White. Have you read it?W: No, I haven’t.M: Do you want to read it after I finish it?W:Is it a novel?M:No, it’s a popular science book.W:Oh, that’s not my taste.M:You don’t like popular science at all?W:Well,I mean, popular science films are okay, but popular science books are boring.2. What is the man doing?A.Reading a popular science book；B.Making comments on a novel；C.Watching a popular science film.3. What does the woman think of popular science films?A. They are dull；B. They are okay；C. They are interesting.【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B(II)考查词汇知识1. To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their ______ and weaknesses.A. strengthsB. benefitsC. techniquesD. values2. The building around the corner caught fire last night.The police are now ______ the matter.A. seeing through??B. working outC. looking intoD. watching over3. As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain,the visit to the village ______ scenes of my childhood.A. called upB. called for????C. called onD. called in【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A(III)考查阅读理解Silence is unnatural to man. He begins life with a cry and ends it in stillness. In between he does all he can to make a noise in the world, and he fears silence more than anything else.Even his conversation isan attempt to prevent a fearful silence. If he is introduced to another person,and a number of pauses occur in the conversation,he regards himself as a failure, a worthless person,and is full of envy of the emptiest-headed chatterbox (喋喋不休的人). He knows that ninety-nine percent of human conversation means no more than the buzzing of a fly, but he is anxious to join in the buzz and to prove that he is a man and not a waxwork figure (蜡塑人像).The aim of conversation is not, for the most part, to communicate ideas; it is to keep up the buzzing sound.There are,it must be admitted, different qualities of buzz;there is even a buzz that is as annoying as the continuous noise made by a mosquito(蚊子). But at a dinner party one would rather be a mosquito than a quiet person. Most buzzing, fortunately,is pleasant to the ear,and some of it is pleasant even to the mind. He would be a foolish man if he waited until he had a wise thought to take part in the buzzing with his neighbors.Those who hate to pick up the weather as a conversational opening seem to me not to know the reason why human beings wish to talk. Very few human beings join in a conversation in the hope of learning anything new. Some of them are content if they are merely allowed to go on making a noise into other people’s ears,though they have nothing to tell them except that they have seen two or three new plays or that they had food in a Swiss hotel. At the end of an evening during which they have said nothing meaningful for a long time,they just prove themselves to be successful conversationists.1.According to the author, people make conversation to ____.A. exchange ideasB. prove their valueC. achieve success in lifeD. overcome their fear of silence2.By “t he buzzing of a fly”(Para.1), the author means “___”.A. the noise of an insectB. a low whispering soundC. meaningless talksD. the voice of a chatterbox3.According to the passage,people usually talk to their neighbors ______.A. about whatever they have preparedB. about whatever they want toC.in the hope of learning something newD. in the hope of getting on well4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A.To discuss why people like talking about weather.B.To encourage people to join in conversations.C.To persuade people to stop making noises.D.To explain why people keep talking.【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D(二)完形填空题You are near the front line of a battle.Around you shells are exploding;people are shooting from a house behind you. What are you doing there? You aren’t a soldier. You aren’t 1 carrying a gun. You’re standing in front of a 2 and you’re telling the TV 3 what is happening.It’s all in a day’s work for a war reporter,and it can be very 4 . In the first two years of the 5 in former Yugoslavia (前南斯拉夫), 28 reporters and photographers were killed. Hundreds more were 6.What kind of people put themselves in danger to7 pictures to our TV screens and 8 to our newspapers? Why do they do it?“I think it’s every young journalist’s9to be a foreign reporter,”says Michael Nicholson,“that’s10you find the excitement.So when the first opportunity comes,you take it11 it is a war.”But there are moments of12.Jeremy Bowen says,“Y es,when you’re lying on the ground and bullets(子弹)are flying13 your ears,you think:‘What am I doing here?I’m not going to do this again.’But that feeling14 after a while and when the next war starts, you’ll be 15 .”“None of us believes that we’re going to 16 ,”adds Michael. But he always 17 a lucky charm (护身符) with him. It was given to him by his wife for his first war. It’s a card which says “Take care of yourself.”Does he ever think about dying?“Oh,18 ,and every time it happens you look to the sky and say to God, ‘If you get me out of this,I 19 I’ll never do it again.’You can almost hear God 20,because you know he doesn’t believe you.”1. A. simply B. reallyC. merelD. even2. A. crowd B. houseC. battlefieldD. camera3. A. producers B. viewersC. directorsD. actors4. A. dangerous B. excitingC. normalD. disappointing5. A. stay B. fightC. warD. life6. A. injured B. buriedC. defeatedD. saved7. A. bring B. showC. takeD. make8. A. scenes B. passagesC. storiesD. contents9. A. belief B. dreamC. dutyD. faith10. A. why B. whatC. howD. where11. A. even so B. ever sinceC. as ifD. even if12. A. fear B. surpriseC. shameD. sadness13. A. into B. aroundC. pastD. through14. A. returns B. goesC. continuesD. occurs15. A. there B. awayC. outD. home16. A. leave B. escapeC. dieD. remain17. A. hangs B. wearsC. holdsD. carries18. A. never B. many timesC. some timeD. seldom19. A. consider B. acceptC. promiseD. guess20. A. whispering B. laughingC. screamingD. crying【答案】1-5 DDBAC 6-10 AACBD 11-15 DACBA 16-20 CDBCB(三)填空题1. We _______ (起床) before dawn. It was still dark outside. (get)2. It _______(一定下雨来着) last night.The playground is still wet. (must)3. He asked for the letter to _______ (送走) at once. (send)4. When you hang wet clothes near a fire, you will see steam_______ (从潮湿的衣服上升起). (rise)5. _______(我们将如何制订这项计划)has been explained clearly by the teacher. (plan)【参考答案】1. got up；2. must have been raining；3. be sent ；4.rising from them；5. How we will make (work out) the plan ?????????????(四)书面表达题受某英文报的委托，你最近对高中生的英语阅读兴趣做了一次调查。