if虚拟语气
英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气（用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。）
虚拟语气的考点：
1.条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；
2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；
3.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；
4.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；
5.虚拟语气时态的判定。
一、If引导的虚拟条件句
区别：
If it rains tomorrow，the crops will be saved. 陈述语气
If it rained tomorrow，the crops would be saved. 虚拟语气
真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句
真：eg.If he doesn’t hurry up,he will miss the bus.
如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。(真实条件状语)（不是虚拟语气）
If he is free,he will ask me to tell stories.
如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。（真实条件状语）（不是虚拟语气）
非真：eg.If I were you,I would go at once.
如果我是你，我马上就会去。（非真实条件状语从句）
二、虚拟语气在条件从句中：
【例句】1.If you had come a few minutes earlier，you would have met him.
要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。（与过去事实相反）
2.If it were sunny tomorrow，i would come to see you.
明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。（与将来事实可能相反）
3.If i were you，i would go at once.
假如我是你的话，我会马上走。（与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你）主从句的谓语形式
（一）与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句
表示与现在事实相反的情况，
例1.If I were you,I would take an umbrella.
如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）
2.If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.
如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）
3.If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.
如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 4.If I had any money with me,I could lend you some.
如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没带钱）
5.If he studied harder,he might pass the exam.
如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：没有努力
If+主+did（were），主+would/should/could/might+动词原形
（二）与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
例：1.If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her.
如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）
2.If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.
如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话）
If+主+had done sth，主+would/should/could/might+动词完成式（have done）
（三）表示对将来情况的主观推测
例：1.If he should come here tomorrow,I should/would talk to him.
如果他哪天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小）
2.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.
如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事实：不知能否下雪）
3.If she were to be there next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。
If+主+did（were to/should do），主+would/should/could/might+动词原形
（在表示建议、命令、要求等含义的宾语从句，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，"should＋动词原形"构成，should可省略。）
（四）有时，主句和条件状语从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整
①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。如：If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too.
如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了
If they had informed us,we would not come here now.
如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。
②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。
如：If he were free today,we would have sent him to Beijing.
如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。I
f he knew her,he would have greeted her.
要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。
③从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反，而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反。如：If it had not been raining too much,the crops would be growing much better.
如果天不下太多的雨的话，庄稼会长得更好。
If he had been working hard,he would be working in the office now.
要是他一直努力工作的话，他现在已进了办公室了。
（五）if虚拟句的倒装
当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即将were,should,had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。如：Should he agree to go there,we would send him there.
要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。
Were she here,she would agree with us.
如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。
Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him to work here.
如果她懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。
如果条件状语中有were，had，should时，可以倒装成：were/should/had+主+其他
If i were you，i would try it again. 如果我是你，我会再试一次。
Were i you,…
If he had been there yesterday，he would have seen the film.
Had he been there yesterday,…
If it should snow tomorrow,we wouldn’t go out.
Should it snow tomorrow,…
（六）非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如without ….,but for….等
But for his help,we would be working now.要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。
Without your instruction,I would not have made such great progress.
要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。
We didn’t know his telephone number;otherwise we would have telephoned him.我
们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就会给他打电话。
（七）有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句可以省略其中的一个，来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。
①省略从句He would have finished it.他本该完成了。
You could have passed this exam.你应该能通过这次考试了。
②省略主句If I were at home now.要是我现在在家里该多好啊。
If only I had got it.要是我得到它了该多好啊。
1. the exam，he would have attend a college.
A.If he passed
B.Had he passed
C.Were he passed
D.If he should pass
2. five minutes earlier，you could have seen them off.
A.If you should arrive
B.If you arrive
C.Had you arrive
D.Should you arrive
翻译句子：
1.If___________________(如果明天不下雨的话),we will go to the zoo.
2__________________(如果你生病了),you must see the doctor.
3.You’ll have to have a rest_______________（如果你感到累）
4．___________________(如果我们训练海豚),they perform tricks.
5．Parrots repeat words_______________________(如果你教他们)
6．_____________(如果老虎住在野外),they will hunt for their own food.
7.If you do not hurry up,________________________________.(你会上学迟到).
练习以及解析
1.I enjoyed the movie very much.I wish I_____the book from which it was made.
A.have read
B.had read
C.should have read
D.are reading
2.You are late.If you_____a few minutes earlier,you_____him.
A. come;would meet
B.had come;would have met
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1819262846.html,e;will meet
D.had come;would meet
3.The two students talked as if they_____friends for years.
A.should be
B.would be
C.have been
D.had been
5.He looked as if he_____ill for a long time. A.was B.were C.has been D.had been
7.I wish that I_____with you last night.
A.went
B.could go
C.have gone
D.could have gone
9.I cant stand him.He always talks as though he_____everything.
A.knew
B.knows
C.has known
D.had known
10._____the fog,we should have reached our school.
A. Because of
B.In spite of
C.In case of
D.But for
11.If you had told me in advance,I_____him at the airport.
A.would meet
B.would had met
C.would have met
D.would have meet
12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again.I certainly wish he_____me how.
A.teaches
B.will teach
C.has taught
D.would teach
16.He suggested that they_____use a trick instead of fighting.
A.should
B.would
C.do
D.had
17.My father did not go to New York;the doctor suggested that he_____there.
A.not went
B.won’t go
C.not go
D.not to go
19.Would you rather I_____buying a new bike?
A.decided against
B.will decide against
C.have decided
D.shall decide against
20.You look so tired tonight.It is high time you_____.
A.go to sleep
B.went to sleep
C.go to bed
D.went to bed
21.—Why didn’t you buy a new car?
－I would have bought one if I_____enough money.
A. had
B.have had
C.would have
D.had had
22.If she could sew,_____.
A.she make a dress
B.she would have made a shirt
C.she will make a shirt
D.she would had made a coat
24.His doctor suggested that he_____a short trip abroad.
A.will take
B.would take
C.take
D.took
25.The Bakers arrived last night.If they’d only let us know earlier,_____at the station.
A.we’d meet them
B.we’ll meet them
C.we’d have met them
D.we’ve met them
26.If I_____you,I_____more attention to English idioms and phrases.
A.was;shall pay
B.am;will pay
C.would be;would pay
D.were;would pay
27.We might have failed if you_____us a helping hand.
A.have not given
B.would not give
C.had not given
D.did not give
28.The law requires that everyone_____his car checked at least once a year.
A.has
B.had
C.have
D.will have
29.It is strange that he_____so.
A.would say
B.would speak
C.should say
D.will speak
30.Had I known her name,_____
A.or does she know mine?
B.and where does she live?
C.she would be beautiful.
D.I would have invited her to lunch.
翻译句子：
1.it doesn't rain tomorrow
2.If you are ill
3.if you feel tired
4.If we train dolphins
5.if you te ach them
6.If tigers live in the wild
7.you will be late for school
1—5BBDD6—10DAD11—15CD 16—20ACAD
21—25DBCCC26—30DCCCD31—35DDCCB36—40DCACD
解析：
1.wish后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。
2.条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用过去将来完成时，从句用过去完成时。
3.as if后面如果表示真实情况就不用虚拟。
5.as if后面是真实情况，不虚拟。
7.could have done表示“本来可以”。
9.as if表示不可能发生的事情时用虚拟语气。本句as though后面是与现在相反的虚拟语气所以用一般过去时.
10.but for表示“要不是……的话”，通常与虚拟语气搭配使用。
11.in advance表示“事先”，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
12.wish的宾语从句表示发生在将来的愿望用过去将来时。
16.suggest后面的宾语从句用sb.should do的形式。
17.suggest后面的从句用sb.should do的形式，should可以省略。
19.would rather的宾语从句用sb.did的形式。
20.It is time后面的定语从句用sb.did的形式。It's time + that 时，that可省略，time可由
high,about修饰，从句中的谓语动词有两种形式，或者用动词的过去式(be用were); 或者用shoud + 动词原形（should不能省略)。此句型为虚拟语气句型，表示“现在某人该做某事了”。
21.第一个had是过去完成时，第二个had表示“有”。
22.would have done是过去将来完成时，表示与过去相反的虚拟语气。
24.suggest后面的从句用sb.should do的形式，should可以省略。
25.表示与过去事实相反，主句用过去将来完成时。
26.在虚拟语气中，不管什么人称，be动词都要用were的形式。
27.表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。
28.require后面的从句用sb.should do的形式，should可以省略。
29.It is strange that是主语从句的虚拟语气，从句用sb.should do的形式。
30.had I known是与过去相反的虚拟语气的倒装形式。
（注：文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，供参考。可复制、编制，期待你的好评与关注！）
if引导虚拟语气的教学设计
If引导非真实条件句（虚拟语气）语法教学设计 汉中市宁强县天津高级中学外语组：邱怡 一、?高中英语课程标准？分析： 虚拟语气这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一，在高考题型中都有可能会涉及到，是高中阶段英语学习的一个重点和难点，也是高考英语常考的一个考点，掌握好虚拟语气对于语言理解和运用也具有重要的意义。 1.什么是虚拟语气即虚拟语气的概念； 2.掌握if引导虚拟语气的语法规则； 二、学情分析： 我所在的学校是一所山区高中，学生英语学习习惯差，语法知识混乱。很多学生学习英语困难，基础知识不扎实，在实际做题时常常无从下手，不能灵活运用。 三、教学目标： 1.知识与技能目标：掌握if引导虚拟语气语法的基本规则；能解决有关虚拟语气的习题。 2.过程与方法目标：教师讲解引导，举例并做练习 3.情感和价值目标：通过教师主动性和创造性的发挥，激发学生的学习兴趣，体验成就感。 四、教学重难点： 1.教学重点：了解和掌握if引导虚拟语气语法项目的基本规则 2.教学难点：能运用语法规则去完成各种练习，并在实际语言活动中去灵活应用，培养学生的语言运用能力和英语思维。 五、教学和学法方法： 教法讲授法：情景教学法，任务型教学法 六：教学手段： 多媒体辅助教学 七、教学过程： stepl Leadi ng in Show the following questions on the screen ，ask students to answer the questio ns will you do when you finish education you had 100 milli on yua n, what would you do Show a picture from a film which stude nts are familiar with, and list senten ces used subj un ctive mood in the film. （通过这几个问题的讨论，让学生了解虚拟语气的基本概念，引出if非真实条件句） step2 Prese nting Suppose three con diti ons of prese nt, past and future senten ces. First con diti on 1. If I were you, I would seize the cha nee to relax myself. am too busy now. If I had time, I would go shopping with you. Con cludi ng:
虚拟语气if假设句
一．分别对过去、现在和未来的假设 1、过去发生事情进行假设 这时从句动词用had done，主句用would/should/could/might+have done If you had worked harder, you would have passed your exam. If you had asked me, I would have told you. I would have been in bad trouble if Jane hadn’t helped me. If it hadn’t been for your help, we could have been in lots of trouble.(要不是你的帮助，我们要陷入很大的麻烦) 2、对现在情形进行假设 这时从句用did和were（be 动词都改成were），主句为would should/could/might+do If I knew her name, I would tell you. I would perfectly happy, if I had a car. If I were rich，I would spend all my time traveling. If my nose were a little shorter I’d be quite pretty. If it weren’t for the children, we could go skiing.要不是孩子们的原因，我们就会去滑雪 3、对将来情形假设 这时从句有以下三种动词形式 1.were/did 2.were to 3.should 主句为would/should/could/might+do看看下面的例子 What would I do if I were to lose/should lose/lost my job？ If you were to move your chair a bit, we could all sit down. if it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow, I would not go out. If they should play/were to play / played better next time , they would not fail again
高中英语虚拟语气详细讲解大全
高中英语虚拟语气详细讲解 虚拟语气 什么是虚拟语气？是的，我们要学习虚拟语气就必须先弄明白它的概念。 虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类；even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类；wish、would rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。 另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。如和suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。 大家知道以上两类虚拟语气后，我们就从从句的角度来系统学习虚拟语气。紧跟小简老师的步伐哦！ 一. 虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were) 主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do
If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道） If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了） If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话） 3、表示与将来事实相反的情况
虚拟语气详解
虚拟语气详解 虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望（往往与客观事实相反），或是表示假象和猜测。虚拟语气无论从形式上还是时态上都比较复杂，需要归类记忆。 虚拟语气大体分为三类：(1) be型虚拟(2) were型虚拟(3) if 条件句及主句虚拟下面会详细说每种虚拟形式的特征和规律，考试时先判断属于哪种虚拟类型，剩下的皆是套路~ （1）be型虚拟（基本是套路） 形式：should + 动词原形，should可以省略 用法：1）表示“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句用be型虚拟，常见的词如下: demand, desire, insist, order, ask, command, propose, recommend, suggest, prefer, require, request等 最常见的形式是这类动词后面接着一个宾语从句，则宾语从句的谓语部分要用（should）+ 动词原形来虚拟 例: We demand that the meeting（should）be postponed. The manager suggested that we (should) work together. 注意：有时候你所见到不一定是上述动词引导的宾语从句，而是由上述词变体后所引导主语从句(it做形式主语，如：it is advised/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ proposed that…)、表语从句或同位语从句 例如：It is required that the students (should) learn a foreign language. (主语从句) The requirement is that all the equipment in the meeting room (should) be checked twice before. (表语从句) We didn’t stand for his proposal that the meeting (should)be postponed. (同位语从句) 只要看到句中有上述动词或其变体，不管词性怎么变、句型怎么变，都用be型虚拟！ 特例：suggest和insist这两个比较特殊，当suggest作“暗示、表明、说明”讲，insist 作“坚持说”讲，后面一般跟的是客观事实，不需要虚拟~这是一个比较重要的考点，体会下面两组句子： We all suggest that a lab (should) be built. 我们都建议建一个实验室。 Her expression suggests that she is angry. 她的表情说明她生气了。 She insisted that we should find the source of the river. 她坚持主张我们应该找到河的源头。 She insisted that she had done nothing wrong. 她坚持说自己没做错事。 suggest 的区别很明显，但insist有点难辨别，一般来说如果insist后面跟的是某种主张，或是坚持要做一件事，那么用虚拟。 2）表示主观看法，常表示“某事是必要的、重要的。。。怎么怎么样的”，尤其是在“ it is +名词/形容词+ that从句”结构中，常见的形容词包括：advisable, desirable, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, proper, dispensable, impossible, natural, surprising等 例如：It is advisable that you (should) leave now. It is necessary that teenagers (should) take part in outside activities. It is of great importance that smoking (should) be banned in public area.
If条件句和虚拟语气
If条件句和虚拟语气 if 条件句和虚拟语气 包含条件从句的句子叫条件句。条件句有两类：一类是真实条件句（First conditional）,一类是非真实条件句(Second Conditional)。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句；如果是纯属假设情况或是不可能发生或可能性不大的情况，则是非真实条件句。 1.真实条件句,可用if和unless引导 1）一个动作发生，另一动作随之发生 I’ll lend Peter the money if he needs it. If he has time, he will come. If he doesn’t come before 12 o’clock, we won’t wait for him. I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. I won’t go to her party unless I am invited. 2）表示命令、建议或请求,这时的if等于when If she telephones, let me know. Give my love to Lawrence if you see him. 3)will用于if从句中，不表示将来，而表示愿意或坚持的意思 If you will come this way, I’ll take you to the manager’s office. If you will get drunk every night, it’s not surprising you feel ill. 2. 非真实条件句
非真实条件句包括虚拟条件句和错综时间条件句 1）虚拟条件句分三类，其结构列表如下： If I become president, I’ll make all of my people live a happy life. (竞选总统的候选人这样说) If I became president, I’d make all of my people live a happy life. (一个小学生这样说) l 以下与现在事实相反 He wouldn’t feel so cold if he were indoors. I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I hade time, I would certainly go to the movie with you. l 以下与过去事实相反 If you had come here a little earlier, you would have met the pop star. I don’t know what would have happened if Jane hadn’t been able to speak Japanese. l 以下推测将来 If I were to do the work, I should do it in a different way. If it should rain again, what else could we do? 2) 错综时间条件句
if条件句中的虚拟语气讲解
虚拟语气(一) 一、考点聚焦 1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 If I were a boy, I would join the army. If she had time, she should go with you. If h e had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition. If i t were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off. If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train. If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America 如果我是你，我就会努力学习 If I were you, I would work harder at my lessons. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了 If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him. 如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛． If it should \were to rain, we would call off the match.
使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点： １．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了． If they had worked hard, they would be very tired now.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在) ２．省略句 在条件句中，可省略if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式．If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Were I a boy, I would join the army. Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded. Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain. 2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句 （1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。 ①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。 表现在过去时 表过去过去完成时 表将来would, might, could＋动词原形 I wish it were spring all the year round. I wish I had known the answer. I wish I could fly like a bird. I wish (that) I were a bird. I wish (that) I had seen the film last night. I wish (that) I would\could go.
英语虚拟语气解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析
英语虚拟语气解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．I’ m so busy. If I time, I travel around. A．have; would B．have; could C．had; would D．had; will 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构： 1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”。 句意：我是那么忙。如果我有时间我会周游世界。与现在事实相反故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．If I _______ you, I would say another student could do it better. A．was B．were C．were D．are 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：如果我是你，我会说另一个学生可以把它做得更好。 考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知“现在事实”相反，此句是虚拟语气，be动词使用were；故选A。 3． If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth. A. was , would tell B. were ,would tell C. am, will tell D．is , will tell 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：本题的含义是如果我是你，我将告诉他们真相，本题if引导的是一个虚拟的条件句，在虚拟句中，be用were，主句通常用过去的一种，will应该用would，故本题选B。 考点：if引导的虚拟条件句。 点评：在英文中条件句有两种，一种是真实的条件句，if后遇到将来时用一般现在时，一
(完整版)if引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气
if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气 通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气。.英语中的语气分三种：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议，与事实相反的假设或实际可能性不大的情况等（即非真实的假设）。 If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句（虚拟条件句）。真实条件句表示在假设的条件下，有可能实现的情况。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 If he does n’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语) If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.（真实条件状语） If I were you, I would go at once.（非真实条件状语从句） If there was no air, people would die.（非真实条件状语从句）1）非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式。 假设类型条件从句的动词结果主句的动词 与现在事实相反动词过去式（be只用were）would/should/could/might + 动词原形 与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词 与将来事实相反动词过去式/(should/were to)+动词原形would/should/could/might + 动词原形
①与现在事实相反 If I had time, I would go for a walk. 如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(实际情况：我现在没有时间，也不会去散步。) If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不可能是你。) I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上现虚拟语气专项练习 1．Were it not for the snowy weather, we __________all right. A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be 2. ________more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _________ me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able 4.If you asked your father, you ______________ permission. A. may get B. might get C. should have called D. maybe get
if虚拟语气
If虚拟语气 一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 If引导出的条件句中使用虚拟语气时，表示所说的话是非真实的，是一种假设。通常有三种情况，与现在事实相反；与过去的事实相反；与将来的事实相反。 1[/B]、[/B]if从句表示与想在的事实相反的假设时，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时（[/B] be一般用[/B]were），主句用[/B]would/should/could/might+[/B]动词原形[/B][/B] If we had enough money, we would buy a computer If I were you,I would take her advice. If places were a like,there would be little need for geographers.如果各个地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。 Our life would be better if there were no examination. 2[/B]、[/B]if[/B]从句表示与过去事实相反的假设时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时，主语用[/B]would/should/could/might+have+[/B]过去分词[/B][/B] If I had worked harder at school,I would have got a better job. If he had know your address yesterday,he would have telephoned you. We might have arrived here eariler if we had taken a taxi. If it had not been for you help, I would have failed again. 3[/B]、[/B]If[/B]从句表示与将来事实可能相反的假设时，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，[/B]were to do[/B]或[/B]should+[/B]动词原形，主句用[/B]would/should/could/ might+[/B]动词原形[/B][/B] If it rained tomorrow,we would put off the sports meet. If he were to leave today,he would get there by Friday. If she should fail again,we would not blame her. 【注】 （1）有时从句假设过去，而主句假设现在，这时从句用过去完成时，而主句用would/sh ould/could/might+动词原形。 If he had taken my advice,he would be much better now. （2）if从句中如果有助动词had,should或were时，可以省略if,而从句使用倒装语序。Had you not left so early,you might have missed the train. Were I to be young again,I would study medicine. Should we miss the train,we should have to wait an hour at the station. （3）有时候假设的情况不是以条件句的形式表示出来，而是用介词without,but for等或是用连词but,or,otherwise等方式来表示的。 Without you help,I woul dn’t have achieved so much,. But for your help,I would not have succeeded. We didn’t know his telephone number,otherwise we would have telephone hi m. 一、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 1[/B]、动词[/B]wish[/B]后面的[/B]that[/B]从句中常用虚拟语气表示愿望。如果表示现在的愿望，从句中过去时（[/B]be[/B]动词用[/B]were[/B]）；如果表示过去的愿望，从句中用过去完成时或[/B]would/should/could/might+have+[/B]过去分词；如果表示将来的愿望，从句中用[/B]would/should/could/might+[/B]动词原形。[/B][/B] I wish I know his address.
非常详细的虚拟语气讲解资料
虚拟语气 第一部分：语气的定义和种类 1 语气(mood) 语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 2 语气的种类 ⑴、陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如： ①There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。 ②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗？ ③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊！ ⑵、祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如： ①Never be late again!再也不要迟到了。 ②Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。 ⑶、虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如： ①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 ②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。 ③May you succeed!祝您成功！ 虚拟语气在语法里算得上是个难点。让我们就从最简单的开始吧。 第二部分：简单句中的虚拟语气 一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中。如： ⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？ ⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。 二、表祝愿。 1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。 ⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好运！ ⑵、May you be happy!祝你快乐！ ⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就！ ⑷、May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。 ⑸、May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。 ⑹、May you be happy. (注意那个be ) 祝你幸福。 2、用动词原形。例如： (1).Long live the people! 人民万岁！ (2).“God bless you,”said the priest.牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！” (3).Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！ 三、表示强烈愿望。（该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形，第三人称单数也不加“s”） (1).God save me． (2).Heaven help us． 四、表命令 1.命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you)，而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。 2.句子尾通常加上感叹号：！ 3.虚拟语气动词用一般现在时态(Simple Present)，如：work, be , go 4.否定形式的命令语气，可用助动词do，加上not。 (1). Work ! (2). Work harder ! (3). Be more alert ! (虚拟语气动词Be) (4). You go out ! (5). Do not work so hard. (do not 表示否定的虚拟语气) (6). Don't be afraid. (口语中常用don't 代替do not) 五、在一些习惯表达中。如： (1).You’d better set off now.你最好现在就出发。 (2).I’d rather not tell you the secret.我情愿不告诉你这个秘密。 第三部分：名词性从句中的虚拟语气 第一节：宾语从句(Subordinate Clause)中的虚拟语气 一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。 一）、对现在情况的虚拟（与现在的事实相反）： 从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例： 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能) 3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能) 4. When she was at the party, she wished she were at home.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家) 5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood) 现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂) 6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不和我们在一起)
高考if条件句虚拟语气
高考虚拟语气试题 1. ____ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive. A. If he went B. Were he gone C. Should he have gone D. Had he gone 2. If you were older, I ____ you to go there yesterday. A. will allow B. should allow C. would have allowed D. had allowed 3. If we ____ here ten minutes earlier, we ___ the bus. A. arrived/would catch B. arrived/would have caught C. had arrived/had caught D. had arrived/would have caught 4. If I ___ more time, I would have gone with him. A. had B. had had C. have had D. would have 5. If he had not gone out in the storm _____. A. he will be alive now B. he would be alive now C. he would have been alive now 6. If it ___ tomorrow, what would we do? A. rains B. were to rain C. would rain D. rain 7. If only I _____ how to operate an electronic computer as you do. A. had known B. would know C. should k now D. knew 8. If it ___ rain, we ___ get wet. A. is to, should B. were to, would C. were going to, would D. was going to, should 9. If he ___ to the teacher attentively, he ___ the answer to the problem now. A. had lis tened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would have known D. had listened, would know 10. ---- I thought you would come back tomorrow. ---- I would if I ___ to attend a meeting. A. don’t have B. didn’t have C. will not have D. would not have 11. If I had hurried, I ___ the train. A. would catch B. could catch C. would have caught D. had caught 12. If I had known that, I ___ so. A. wouldn’t do B. wouldn’t have done C. won’t do D. have not done 13. If I ___ you, I wouldn’t return the call. A. be B. am C. was D. we re 14. If the doctor had been available, the child ___. 教育是一项良心工程 1
if虚拟语气练习题
d f o r s o m if 虚拟语气练习条件从句谓语 主句谓语 与现在事实相反did (be--were)would/could/should/might +do 与将来事实可能相反 1.did (be--were)2.should do 3.were to do would/could/should/might +do 与过去事实相反 had done would/could/should/might + have done ☆虚拟的倒装：提前had ，should ，were 省略if ※错综虚拟条件句，主句，从句时间不一致▲含蓄虚拟语气，省略if 条件句1. If I __ you, I __ worry. A.were/ wouldn’t B.was/ wouldn’t C.been/ would have D.be/ would 2. ___, I would take an umbrella with me. A. If I Had been you B. I were you C. If I were you D. I had been you 3. If it ___ tomorrow, what would we do? A. rains B. were to rain C. would rain D. rain 4. ___ today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. If he were to leave D. If he leaves .5. ____ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive. A. If he went B. Were he gone C. Should he have gone D. If he had gone 6. If we ____ here ten minutes earlier, we ___ the bus. A. arrived/would catch B. arrived/would have caught C. had arrived/had caught D. had arrived/would have caught 7.If he had not gone out in the storm _____. A.he will be alive now B.he would be alive now C.he would have been alive now 8. We ___ our lives if it had not been for the policeman. A. would have lost B. should lose C. might lose D. could lose 9. If he___to the teacher attentively just now, he___the answer now. A. had listened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would have known D. had listened, would know . 10. If I had known her name, ___. A. I should invite her to lunch B. I would invite her to lunch C. I had invited here to lunch D. I would have invited her to lunch 虚拟语气练习题 1. If I ____ where he lived ， I ____ a note to him. A. knew ， would B. had known ， would have sent C. know ， would send D. knew ， would have sent 2. If they ____ earlier than expected ， they ____ here now. A. had started ， would be B. started ， might be C. had started ， would have been D. will start ， might have been