奥风英语新课标《高中英语语法完全突破学习笔记本》第一讲

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可谓教程在手，语法无忧。

第一讲：名词一、名词的分类1. 专有名词表示____________________________________________________。

如：Tom, Peking University, the United Nations特性：①__________________________________________。

②__________________________________________。

2. 普通名词泛指__________________________________________。

如：student, actor, money分为：可数名词如：_________________________不可数名词如：__________________________________可数名词包括：个体名词：________________________________________________如：garden, actor, hammer集体名词：________________________________________________如：family, class, staff, team集体名词做主语时谓语动词用单数还是复数？如：My class _______________(be) rather noisy yesterday.The audience_ _____________________________________________The staff is/are against the plan.强调集体：动词用__________如：His family is very large-he has three sons and two daughters.强调个体：动词用_________如：My family ______________________.有些集体名词做主语时动词只用复数：________________________________如：The police ______________________________.The cattle_______________________________________不可数名词包括：物质名词：表示__________________________________________如：cotton, water, ink, wood抽像名词：表示_______________________________________________如：_______________________________________________________ 物质名词的特殊情况1. 有些可用作可数名词表示：________________________如：_____________________________________He can’t drink much. _____________________________________._________________________________________________2. 部分物质名词的复数形式__________________如：The island _________________________________________.waters__________________________Villagers are __________________________________________________.rains 雨季sands沙滩woods森林部分物质/抽象名词可作个体名词，但含义不同二.名词的数1. 规则名词复数的构成(1) ___________如：coo k—_____________, canal—_____________, monkey—______________(2) __________________________如：bus—_____________, brush—_____________, coach—_____________注意：以s结尾的专有名词：_____________如：Charles-______________________(3) ________________________如：story—_____________, county—_____________注意：①以元音字母+y结尾：_______________如：boy—_____________, ray—_____________, bay—_____________②以y结尾的专有名词：____________________如：Mary—_______________January—______________________(4) 以o结尾的名词。

①__________________如：radio—_____________, photo—_____________, kilo—_____________, zoo—_____________,piano—_____________, bamboo—_____________, studio—_____________②__________________如：mosquito—_____________, hero—_____________tomato—_____________, potato—_____________,③两种情况均可如：zero—___________________, motto—_____________________,volcano—__________________________(5) 以f/fe结尾的词①________________________________如：_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________②________________________如：roof—_____________, gulf—_____________, safe—_____________,chief—_____________, belief—_____________, cliff—_____________grief—_____________, proof—_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________③个别有___________________。

如：scarf —_____________handkerchief—_______________________________, hoof—_____________, dwarf—_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.不规则名词复数的构成(1) ________________如：man—_____________, goose—_____________, tooth—_____________(2) ________________如：_______________________________________________________(3) ____________________如：mouse—_____________, child—_____________, medium—_____________, bacterium—_____________, ox—_____________, phenomenon—_____________ 3. 复合名词复数的构成(1) _____________________________________如：shoe-repairer—_________________, mother-in-law—____________________, passer-by—_________________, looker-on—____________________editor-in-chief—_____________________, green-hand—____________________(2) _____________________________如：forget-me-not—_____________, good-for-nothing—_____________merry-go-round—____________________, press-up—____________________has-been—_________________(3) ________________________________________________________。