拉罗克斯全自动立式压滤机
用PLC实现立式压滤机的全自动控制
用PLC实现立式压滤机的全自动控制压滤机是固液分离设备的一种。
其中立式压滤机由于具有占地面积小、过滤面积大、过滤能力可调节以及对物料的适应能力较强等诸多优点，被广泛应用于矿山、冶金、化工、医药和食品等行业中。
金川集团公司下属的机械制造公司参照芬兰LAROX 公司的压滤机设备，在1992 年成功仿制出25 m2BAZG25 型自动压滤机，在使用中不断进行改进和完善，逐步形成定型产品，不仅在金川集团大量投入使用，还销往国内其他冶金、化工企业，近年来更是远销俄罗斯等周边国家。
其全自动立式压滤机采用PLC控制、触摸屏操作，相比老式压滤机效率大为提高，作业强度大大降低。
1 压滤机工艺流程及控制要求1.1 工艺流程全自动立式压滤机属于板框式压滤机，是分离悬浮液中固体与液体的设备，其工作原理是靠泵的压力、固液的重力、气压或水压的作用，在滤布（过滤介质）两侧产生压差，来实现固液分离，达到生产要求。
全自动压滤机可分为2种工艺模式，即长程序控制工作模式和短程序控制工作模式。
长程序控制工作模式有6个过程（见图1）：过滤，泵入物料悬浮液；一次隔膜挤压，挤压成形滤饼；滤饼洗涤，清水洗滤；二次隔膜挤压，重新挤压滤饼；滤饼吹干，高压风吹干，带走少量水分；滤饼排出与滤布洗涤，两侧落下滤饼、卸料，同时洗涤滤布。
短程序控制工作模式有4个过程（见图2）：过滤、隔膜挤压、滤饼吹干、滤饼排出与滤布洗涤。
1.2 控制要求全自动压滤机控制系统的主要功能包括测试、手动、自动、参数设定、显示和报警故障诊断等。
测试功能要求转换开关置位在测试位时，通过BCD拨码开关选择要测试的执行机构（如水泵、阀门等），可以单独测试选择的设备动作是否正常。
手动功能要求当转换开关置位在手动位时，按压闭合、过滤、洗涤、挤压、吹干、卸料按钮启动相应的生产工序。
自动功能要求转换开关置位在自动位时，按压程序启动按钮，压滤机从初始位置开始运行并自动连续工作。
参数设定功能要求由操作人员控制的各个工艺时间，可以通过触摸屏进行调整，程序内部的时间控制，技术人员在授权的条件下可以进行调整。
国外主要压滤机制造商技术交流总结
国外品牌压滤机制造商技术交流总结结合项目工艺技术方案比选工作的进行，自2015年1月27日起，我们先后组织相关技术人员与意大利迪芬巴赫、西班牙TEFSA、马来西亚PMI等国际较为知名的公司进行了隔膜压榨压滤机的技术交流，以期获得更为先进的设备信息，为项目催建设选择更为可靠的设备提供依据。
一、各公司介绍一）西班牙TEFSA集团1、TEFSA, «Tecnicas de Filtracion, S.A.» 的简称，公司成立于1974 年，总部位于西班牙巴塞隆那，是一个全球性多种过滤设备的制造供货商, 主要产品包括压滤机(Filter Press)、快开式压滤机(TEFSA_PFO Type Filter Press)、真空带式过滤机(Belt Type Vacuum Filter)、真空滚筒式过滤机(Drum Type Vacuum Filter)、压力过滤器(Pressure Filter)、带滤机(TEFSA_Belt Filter Presses)及其他等, TEFSA 可依据不同的项目或客户的需求提供固液分离过滤设备, 并提供TEFSA的保证.2、TEFSA集团由下列之公司组成:1） TEFSA, Tecnicas de Filtracion, S.A. (过滤技术股份有限公司)；2） COMERCIAL LASMERT, S.A. (康莫协拉斯莫特有限公司) (1974) 3） MEDIOS FILTRANTES, S.A. (米迪欧斯飞尔特有限公司) (1980) 4） ECOTEC, Ecologia Tecnica, S.A. (恩寇铁克生态技术有限公司) (1990) 5） TALLERES ALFER, S.A. (塔勒斯阿菲尔有限公司) (1975)其中TEFSA, Tecnicas de Filtracion, S.A. (过滤技术股份有限公司) (1974)适用行业: 化学工业, 矿业, 陶瓷业, 制药业, 纸业, 钢铁厂, 酒厂, 糖厂,自来水厂, 都市生活废水处理厂, 电厂烟气脱硫, 电子业, 半导体业,染整业, 各种环保工程之水处理厂等.3、TEFSA集团的产品主要大型过滤设备有：1）压滤机 (悬梁型或侧梁型, 手动/半自动/全自动操作, 滤板尺寸：从 300 x 300 mm到 2000 x 2000 mm)，从建厂至今共生产压滤机17500台左右，其悬梁式的压滤机的制造能力主要见下表：2）带滤式脱水机 (高/中/低压型, 滤布宽度：0.5 M～3 M)3）加压叶滤机 (水平式, 或垂直式)4）真空滚筒型过滤机 (材质：不锈钢/聚丙烯/FRP)5）真空带式过滤机 (环形胶带)4、TEFSA集团：亚太各地业绩表用户名称规格型号过滤面积数量/台购买时间二）马来西亚PMI压滤机公司PMI公司是一家德国技术公司背景的马来西亚过滤设备制造企业，公司成立于1986年以来，共有4个生产基地。
LAROX立式压滤机的故障诊断分析
镶嵌 在框架 下部 的密封 条与 格栅 固定板 密封严 实 ，
实现 滤饼 的过滤 。出现密封 不好 的原 因可能有 ：参
数 设 定 不 对造 成 滤布 接 缝 夹 在 板 间 ；过滤 时 间过
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断与分析 ，有效提 高 了设备 的运 转率 。 关键 词 ： Ａ Ｌ ＲＯＸ ； 立式压 滤机 ； 障诊 断 ； 故 滤板 系统 ； 滤布驱 动 系统
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压滤机型号说明
压滤机型号型号说明型号说明：例如：XAMZG150/1250型压滤机。
150既是过滤面积150平方米。
X是厢式压滤机（B是板框式压滤机），A是指的滤液流出方式是暗流的（M既是明流），Z是自动（S是手动，Y是液压），G是隔膜滤板，1250是指的滤板的外型尺寸是1250X1250X？（？既是滤板的厚度，这要根据用户的需求来定）。
XA（M)ZG150/1250-U(U指的是聚丙烯滤板）,就是厢式暗流（明流）自动隔膜过滤面积150平方米，1250的聚丙烯滤板。
一、板框型号说明XMA-LY4-80-U板框厢式压滤机 4-80m2板框厢式压滤机有明流与暗流两类，有手动千斤顶、液压、自动保压、自动拉板，机型根据客户自己需求所定。
二、结构与工作原理1、结构板框压滤机主要由机头、后顶板、中顶板、拉杆和板框组成。
（1）根据压紧方式不同可分为手动、机动、液压三种方式：a.手动压紧：是以螺旋式机械千斤顶推动中顶板将滤板压紧。
b.机械压紧：压紧机构由电动机、蜗轮蜗杆减速器、大小齿轮、丝杆和螺母组成。
压紧时，电动机正转，带动减速器，使丝杆在螺母中转动，推动中顶板将板框压紧。
当电机电流达到一定数值时（即最大压紧力），关闭电源，停止转动。
退回时，电机反转即可。
c.液压压紧：液压压紧机构由液压站、油缸、丝杆、锁紧螺母组成。
液压站的组成有：电机、集成块、齿轮泵、溢流阀（调节压力）、手动换向阀、压力表、油管、油箱。
液压压紧时，推动手动阀，使液压站通过齿轮泵提供高压油，使活塞杆与丝杆顶出，推动中顶板将板框压紧。
当压力达到溢流阀设定的压力值（压力表显示）时，手动阀复位，并关闭电机电源，压紧动作完成。
退回时，反方向推动手动阀，活塞杆、丝杆、中顶板开始收回。
（2）根据板框形式可分为板框式、厢式、囊式三种。
2、工作原理待过滤的料液通过输料泵在一定的压力下，从后顶板的进料孔进入到各个滤室，通过滤布，固体物被截留在滤室中，并逐步形成滤饼；液体则通过板框上的出水孔排出机外。
我国磷化工生产的工艺设备选型及维护
浅析我国磷化工生产的工艺设备选型及维护摘要：在磷化工生产中，其工艺设备的选型及维护的科学与合理性直接影响整个生产过程的顺利进行和经济效益，进行高效率、低能耗、少污染的工艺设备选型与维护对磷化工生产具有非常重要的意义。
本文首先介绍了磷化工产业的基本特点及组成工艺，然后对磷酸料浆泵与湿法磷酸淤渣分离设备的选型进行了具体介绍与分析。
关键词：磷化工工艺选型一、磷化工产业介绍1.磷、磷肥、磷酸盐工业磷是一种用途十分广泛的化工原料性产品，在国民经济中占有重要地位。
黄磷性质活泼，化合性强，可生产出多种产品，目前全世界一半以上的黄磷主要用于制成磷酸和磷酸盐，应用于肥料工业、洗涤剂、食品工业、医药工业、农药和电子工业、纺织、玻璃、冶金和陶瓷等行业，对磷酸盐的需求也日益增加。
此外，黄磷的化合物可制成燃烧弹和烟幕弹等，在国防上占有一定地位。
2.磷酸的生产工艺2.1热法磷酸生产热法磷酸生产流程可简化为：电炉制磷→黄磷燃烧→吸收并水解→磷酸。
2.1.1完全燃烧法：（一步法）电炉出来的含元素磷的炉气直接燃烧，炉气中co也一起燃烧此法因热利用差（磷酸酐强腐蚀，大量反应热无法利用）工业上未被采用2.1.2液态磷燃烧法（二步法）工业常用流程，第一种：黄磷燃烧→五氧化二磷→水冷却、吸收→磷酸，又称水冷流程；第二种：黄磷燃烧→五氧化二磷→冷磷酸冷却、吸收→磷酸，又称酸冷流程。
热法磷酸一般含>85％磷酸，浓度高、质量纯，是食品、医药工业用磷酸的主原料。
热法磷酸用元素磷生产，1吨元素磷(可产1.38吨100％磷酸)，需耗电12500～15000kwh，属高能耗产业。
2.2湿法磷酸生产用无机酸分解磷矿制得：常用硝酸、盐酸、硫酸、氟硅酸。
由于硫酸钙溶解度很小，容易和磷酸分离，所以湿法磷酸实际上是指硫酸分解磷矿制得的磷酸。
随料浆温度、磷酸浓度、硫酸用量等条件不同，硫酸钙水合物有三种形态：，生产流程有如下几种：2.2.1二水物流程：分多槽或单槽流程，无回浆和有回浆流程，真空冷却和空气冷却流程。
荷兰亚特拉斯科波机械有限公司Z型无油压缩机说明书
Oil-free rotary screw compressorsZR 300-750 & ZR 400-900 VSDSetting the standard in energy efficiency, safety and reliability The shortest route to superior productivity is to minimize operational cost while maintaining an uninterrupted supply of the right quality of air.The Atlas Copco Z compressor series is focused on effectively saving energy, ensuring product safety – only oil-free machines exclude contamination risks for 100% – and guaranteeing the utmost reliability around the clock. And not just today, but day after day, year after year, with minimal maintenance cost, few service interventions and long overhaul intervals.Highest reliabilityFor 60 years, Atlas Copco Z compressors have set the benchmark for durability. T hey are built using long-standing internal engineering practices, and are designed and manufactured according to ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO 22000 & OHSAS 18001. The high-end ZR uses time-proven state-of-the-art screw technology, cooling and pulsation dampers and providesyou with the highest reliability.100% oil-free compressed airThe ZR offers you 100% pure, clean air that complies withISO 8573-1 CLASS 0 (2010) certification. T his means zero riskof contamination; zero risk of damaged products; zero risk of losses from operational downtime; and zero risk of damaging your company’s hard-won professional reputation. Maximum energy efficiencyThe ZR’s superior oil-free screw elements provide the optimum combination of high Free Air Delivery (FAD) with the lowest energy consumption. Ample sized cooling, low pressuredrops and an extremely efficient drive train result in the highest compressor package efficiency.The most complete packageWith the ZR compressor, Atlas Copco provides a superior solution without hidden costs. T he totally integrated, ready-to-use package includes internal piping, coolers, motor, lubrication and control system. Installation is fault-free, commissioning time is low and no external instrument air is required.You simply plug and run.Global presence - local serviceOur aftermarket product portfolio is designed to add maximum value for our customers by ensuring the optimum availability and reliability of their compressed air equipment with the lowest possible operating costs. We deliver this complete service guarantee through our extensive service organization,maintaining our position as leader in compressed air.100% certified oil-free airAtlas Copco is renowned for designing and manufacturing some of the most durable oil-free screw compressors. T he ZR high-end rotary screw compressor comes out of this strong tradition. Ideal for industries where high-quality oil-free air is key, the ZR offers the highest reliability and safety in combination with low energy costs.Electronics• Clean, dry, high-quality air (Class 0) is essential,produced with optimal energy efficiency.• Applications include the removal of microscopic debris fromthe surfaces of computer chips and computer boards.T extiles• Easy and quick installation.• A completely, fully integrated, ready-to-use solution.Oil & gas• Years of experience in providing compressedair for the oil & gas industry.• 100% oil-free compressed air for control/instrumentair or buffer air.• Strong global support network to provide 24/7 assistance.Automotive• To maximize productivity in the automotive industry,downtime has to be eliminated.• An integrated package designed for long-lastingperformance is crucial.Class 0: the industry standardOil-free air is used in all kinds of industries whereair quality is paramount for the end product and production process. T hese applications includefood and beverage, pharmaceutical, chemical and petrochemical, semiconductor and electronics, the medical sector, automotive paint spraying, textile and many more. In these critical environments, contamination by even the smallest quantities ofoil can result in costly production downtime and product spoilage.First in oil-free air technologyOver the past sixty years Atlas Copco has pioneered the development of oil-free air technology, resulting in a rangeof air compressors and blowers that provide 100% pure,clean air. T hrough continuous research and development,Atlas Copco achieved a new milestone, setting the standard for air purity as the first manufacturer to be awarded CLASS 0 certification. Eliminating any riskAs the industry leader committed to meeting the needs of themost demanding customers, Atlas Copco requested the renowned TÜV institute to type-test its range of oil-free compressors and blowers. Using the most rigorous testing methodologies available, all possible oil forms were measured across a range of temperatures and pressures. T he TÜV found no traces of oil at all in the outputair stream.concentration in total oil content).321High-efficiency coolers and water separator• Corrosion resistant stainless steel tubing.• Highly reliable robot welding; no leakages.• Aluminium star insert increases heat transfer.• Water separator with labyrinth design to efficiently separate the condensate from the compressed air.• Low moisture carry-over protects downstream equipment.3World-class oil-free compression element• Unique Z seal design guarantees 100% certified oil-free air.• Atlas Copco superior rotor coating for high efficiency and durability.• Cooling jackets.2Throttle valve with load/unload regulation• No external air supply required.• Mechanical interlock of inlet and blow-off valve.• Low unload power.1* Only for ZR water-cooled versions.45Powerful motor + VSD• TEFC IP55 motor protects against dust and chemicals.• Continuous operation under severe ambient temperature conditions.• Direct energy savings up to 35% with Variable Speed Drive (VSD) motor.• Full regulation between 30 to 100% of the maximum capacity.4Advanced Elektronikon®• Large 5.7” sized color display available in31 languages for optimal ease of use.• Controls the main drive motor and regulates systempressure to maximize energy efficiency.5Air Water OilWater-cooled ZR PackVSD?VSD: driving down energy costsOver 80% of a compressor’s lifecycle cost is taken up by the energy it consumes. Moreover, the generation of compressed air can account for more than 40% of a plant’s total electricity bill. T o cut your energy costs, Atlas Copco pioneered Variable Speed Drive (VSD) technology in the compressed air industry. VSD leads to major energy savings, while protecting the environment for future generations. T hanks to continual investments in this technology, Atlas Copco offers the widest range of integrated VSD compressors on the market.EnergyEnergy savings with VSDInvestment MaintenanceEnergy savings of up to 35%Atlas Copco's VSD technology closely follows the air demand by automatically adjusting the motor speed. This results in large energy savings of up to 35%. The Life Cycle Cost of a compressor can be cut by an average of 22%. In addition, lowered system pressure with VSD minimizes energy use across your production dramatically.T otal compressor lifecycle cost1 The Elektronikon ® controls both the compressor and theintegrated converter, ensuring maximum machine safety within parameters.2 Flexible pressure selection from 4 to 10.4 bar withVSD reduces electricity costs.3 Specific converter and motor design (with protectedbearings) for the highest efficiency across the speed range.4 Electric motor specifically designed for low operatingspeeds with clear attention to motor cooling and compressor cooling requirements.5 All Atlas Copco VSD compressors are EMC testedand certified. Compressor operation does not influence external sources and vice versa.6 Mechanical enhancements ensure that all componentsoperate below critical vibration levels throughout the entire compressor speed range.7 A highly efficient frequency converter in a cubicleensures stable operation in high ambient temperatures up to 50°C/122°F (standard up to 40°C/104°F).8 No ‘speed windows’ that can jeopardize the energysavings and the stable net pressure. T urndown capability of the compressor is maximized to 70-75%.9 Net pressure band is maintained within 0.10 bar, 1.5 psi.Monitoring and control:how to get the most from the leastThe Elektronikon ® unit controller is specially designed to maximize the performance of your compressors and air treatment equipment under a variety of conditions. Our solutions provide you with key benefits such as increased energy efficiency, lower energy consumption, reduced maintenance times and less stress… less stress for both you and your entire air system.Intelligence is part of the package• High resolution color display gives you an easy to understand readout of the equipment’s running conditions. • Clear icons and intuitive navigation provides you fast access to all of the important settings and data. • Monitoring of the equipment running conditions and maintenance status; bringing this information to your attention when needed.• Operation of the equipment to deliver specifically and reliably to your compressed air needs.• Built-in remote control and notifications functions provided as standard, including simple to use Ethernet based communication.• Support for 31 different languages, including character based languages.• A remote monitoring system that helps you optimize your compressed air system and save you energy and cost.• It offers you a complete insight in your compressed air network and anticipates on potential problems by warning you up-front.*Please contact your local sales representative for more information.SMART LINK *:Data monitoring programOnline & mobile monitoringMonitor your compressors over the Ethernet with the new Elektronikon ® controller. Monitoring features include warning indications, compressor shut-down andmaintenance scheduling. An Atlas Copco App is available for iPhone/Android phones as well as iPad and Android tablets. It allows fingertip monitoring of your compressed air system through your own secured network.The magic formula: turbo + screwObtain the most efficient compressor solution for your high capacity application in the market by combining the advanced turbo technology of the ZH + with the regulating capabilities of the ZR screw compressor with Variable Speed Drive (VSD). Eliminating costly blow-off in all operating conditions, this combination is ideal to achieve the highest return on investment while enjoying the benefits of the ZH + turbo and ZR screw technology.Reduced blow-offWhile turbo compressors are very efficient in turndown,a lot of energy is wasted during blow-off by expanding part of the compressed air into the blow-off valve and silencer. By combining two turbo compressors in an erratically varying air demand, the expensive blow-off is reduced but not completely eliminated.Eliminated blow-offAtlas Copco's unique Variable Speed Drive (VSD) technology closely follows the air demand by automatically adjusting the motor speed. When combining the ZH + turbo compressor and the ZR screw compressor with VSD, the highest efficiency is achieved by completely eliminating blow-off.Find out how much you can saveAtlas Copco can help you map the load/air demand profile of your current compressor and blower installation and indicate potential energy savings with VSD compressors and blowers.For more information, please contact your local Atlas Copco representative.Operation without blow-offOperation with blow-off Hours of operationHours of operation04812162024Protecting your productionUntreated compressed air contains moisture and possibly dirt particles that can damage your air system and contaminate your end product. T he resulting maintenance costs far exceed air treatment costs. Atlas Copco believes in effective prevention and provides a complete range of air treatment solutions to protect investments, equipment, production processes and end products.Increase production reliabilityLow quality air heightens the risk of corrosion, which can lower the life span of production equipment. T he air treatment solutions produce clean air that enhances your system’s reliability, avoiding costly downtime and production delays.Safeguard production qualityCompressed air coming into contact with your final products should not affect their quality. Atlas Copco provides clean,dry air to protect your production and reputation in the market.Supreme energy and cost savingsAtlas Copco’s quality air solutions stand for substantial energy savings all day, every day. T aking technology to a new level,these products achieve maximum cost savings.Proven peace of mindBuilding on know-how and years of experience, the entire Atlas Copco quality air range is produced in-house and tested using the most stringent methods in the industry.A dryer solution for every needUntreated compressed air contains moisture and possibly dirt particles that can damage your air system and contaminate your end product. T he resulting maintenance costs far exceed air treatment costs. Atlas Copco believes in effective prevention and provides a complete range of air treatment solutions to protect investments, equipment, production processes and end products.Dryers overviewTo further protect your investment, equipment and processes, Atlas Copco presents a full line-up of innovative quality air solutions to suit the high quality requirements of your specific application.BD/BD +-70°C/-40°C/-20°C -94°F/-40°F/-4°FHeat reactivated adsorption dryer• Use of electrical heaters for regenerating the desiccant.• Limited pressure drop.• Variants without loss of compressed air.FD+3°C/+20°C +37°F/+68°FRefrigerant dryer• Use of cooling circuit for cooling down compressed air.• Guaranteed pressure dew points.• Lowest energy consumption in all operating conditions.• Air and water cooled variants.MD-20°C/+3°C -4°F/+37°FRotary drum heat of compression dryers• Use of freely available heat of compression.• Negligible power consumption.• Variants with extra heat augmentation for lower dew points.ND-40°C/-20°C -40°F/-4°FXD-S-20°C/+3°C -4°F/+37°FHeat of compression reactivated adsorption dryers• Use of freely available heat of compression.• Limited pressure drop.• Variants for dew point suppression and guaranteed dew point.• Variants without loss of compressed air.XD-G/XD +-G-70°C/-40°C/-20°C -94°F/-40°F/-4°F D e w p o i n t (°C )D e w p o i n t (°F )Flow (l/s)Flow (cfm)+37-4-4012002500300040005000600070008000-94Optimize your systemWith the ZR, Atlas Copco provides an all-in-one standard package incorporating the latest technology in a built-to-last design. T o further optimize your ZR’s performance or to simply tailor it to your specific production environment, optional features are available.Engineered solutionsAtlas Copco recognizes the need to combine our serially produced compressors and dryers with thespecifications and standards applied by major companies for equipment purchases. Strategically located departments within the Atlas Copco Group take care of the design and manufacturing of customized equipment to operate at extreme temperatures, often in remote locations.Innovative technologyAll equipment is covered by our manufacturer warranty.The reliability, longevity and performance of our equipment will not be compromised. A global aftermarket operation employing 360 field service engineers in 160 countries ensures reliablemaintenance by Atlas Copco as part of a local service operation.Innovative engineeringEach project is unique and by entering into partnership with our customers, we can appreciate the challenge at hand, ask the relevant questions and design the best engineered solutionfor all your needs.Options• : Optional- : Not availablePlease note the availability of the option depends on the chosen configuration.ZR 300-750(1) Unit performance measured according to ISO 1217, Annex C, Edition 4 (2009).Reference conditions:- Relative humidity 0%.- Absolute inlet pressure: 1 bar (14.5 psi).- Intake air temperature: 20°C/68°F.FAD is measured at the following working pressures: Fixed speed:- 7.5/8.6 bar versions at 7 bar.- 10/10.4 bar versions at 9 bar.For VSD: at their maximum working pressure.(2) A-weighted emission sound pressure level at the work station (LpWSAd).Measured according to ISO 2151: 2004 using ISO 9614/2 (sound intensity scanning method).The added correction factor (+/- 3 dB(A)) is the total uncertainty value (KpAd) conform with the test code.ZR 400-900 VSD (50/60 Hz)(1) Unit performance measured according to ISO 1217, Annex C, Edition 4 (2009).Reference conditions: - Relative humidity 0%.- Absolute inlet pressure: 1 bar (14.5 psi). - Intake air temperature: 20°C/68°F .FAD is measured at the following working pressures:Fixed speed:- 7.5/8.6 bar versions at 7 bar. - 10/10.4 bar versions at 9 bar.For VSD: at their maximum working pressure.(2) A-weighted emission sound pressure level at the work station (LpWSAd).Measured according to ISO 2151: 2004 using ISO 9614/2 (sound intensity scanning method).The added correction factor (+/- 3 dB(A)) is the total uncertainty value (KpAd) conform with the test code.DimensionsCA BCOMMITTED TO SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTIVITY2935 0366 20 © 2017, A t l a s C o p c o , B e l g i u m . A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d . D e s i g n s a n d s p e c i fi c a t We stand by our responsibilities towards our customers, towards the environment and the people around us. We make performance stand the test of time. T his is what we call – Sustainable Productivity.。
过程流体机械课件-压滤机Filter Press
压滤机
选型
板框式压滤机结构：板框式压滤机主要由许多滤板和滤框交替排列组成，板和框多做成正方形，角端均开有小孔，组装后构成的完整通道可以通入悬浮液、洗涤水和引出滤液。特点：板框式压滤机对于滤渣压缩性大或近于不可压缩的悬浮液都能适用。适合的悬浮液的固体颗粒浓度一般为10%以下，操作压力一般为0.3～0.6兆帕，特殊的可达3兆帕或更高
2.压紧机构
3.过滤机构
过滤机构由过滤板、滤框、滤布，滤板两侧由滤布包覆，物料从止推板上的进料孔进入各滤室，固体颗粒因其粒径大于过滤介质（滤布）的孔径被截流在滤室里，滤液则从滤板下方的出液孔流出。
组成：若干滤板、滤布、滤框交替排列特点：面积大，加压，速度快，截留量大，经济耐用，适于大生产
板框压滤机
膜分离法是指用天然或人工合成的高分子膜，以外加压力或化学位差为推动力，对双组分或多组分的溶液进行分离、分级、提纯和富集的方法川。
膜分离过程在常温 下操作，被分离的物质能保持原来的性质，保留原有的色、香、味、营养和口感，并能保持生物物质的活性，且具有选择性强，设备简单，操作方便，容易控制，适 用范围广等特点
(6)单台最大面积可达200M2。
Horizontal Pressure Leaf Filter
Leaf Filter
Vertical Pressure Leaf Filter
立式加压叶滤机通过在密闭的容器内，垂直放置多片滤叶作为过滤元件，进行加压或真空过滤。根据过滤的不同要求，有时还要在滤叶上预敷硅藻土、珍珠岩等助滤剂，助滤剂也可采用掺浆过滤的方法加入，以提高过滤效率。
厢式滤板
厢式滤板
耐高温、高压、防腐及密封性能好。 高压过滤，物料含水率更低。 过滤速度快，滤饼洗涤均匀。 过滤滤液清澄，固形物回收率高。 结构简单，故障率少，维修管理容易。
全自动压滤机工作原理
全自动压滤机工作原理
全自动压滤机是一种用于固液分离的设备，它的工作原理主要包括以下几个步骤：
1. 加料：将含有固体和液体混合物的原料通过进料系统加入到滤料室中。
2. 过滤：原料液体被滤布或滤板阻挡，固体颗粒则被滤液留下，在滤布或滤板上形成固体过滤层。
3. 压滤：当滤液通过过滤介质时，通过施加压力（通常是液压或气动压力）使滤布或滤板更加紧密地接触在一起，从而将滤液逐渐压入滤料室。
4. 排料：当滤料室内的固液分离达到要求后，固态物质可堆积在滤料室内，而滤液则通过排液系统从滤板或滤布的通道中排出。
5. 清洁：在固液分离完成后，滤布或滤板可能会有一些残余物质，因此需要进行清洗，以保证下一轮的滤料投入。
总的来说，全自动压滤机通过将含固液混合物加入到滤料室中，施加压力使固液分离，达到分离目的后将固体物质收集，滤液从滤布或滤板中排出，从而实现对原料的固液分离。
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Outotec- Larox® 过滤机技术
2011
奥图泰
奥图泰为以下工业设计、开发和提供可持续的技
术和服务方案：
•矿物与技术加工
•化工 •能源
从矿物到金属加工价 值链中的市场领先者
•水处理
© Outotec - All rights reserved
全球销售与服务网络
© Outotec - All rights reserved
Larox 方法 料浆
滤饼 简化工艺
压滤机界面
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© Outotec - All rights reserved
© Larox Corporation
PF 压滤机流程图
Drying Air Wash and flush water Air Air release tank Filtrate Pressing water station
滤布布置
滤布接缝探测器 接头
张紧辊 调偏辊
挤压辊 驱动辊
© Outotec - All rights reserved
脉冲辊 导辊刮刀
导辊
滤饼 滤布刮刀 在线滤布清洗
PF压滤机在全球精矿脱水的市场份额
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© Outotec - All rights reserved
PF 过滤步骤
Nickel镍矿
• Norilsk Petchanga, Russia • WMC Leinster, Australia • WMC Mt Keith, Australia • Voisey’s Bay, Canada
Zinc & Lead铅锌矿
• Broken Hill, Australia • Elura, Australia • McArthur River, Australia • Pilara, Australia • HZL Rampura Agucha, India • Francisco Madeira, Mexico • Sabinas, Mexico
Cake conveyor
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Cloth wash water
Slurry Distributor drain Slurry feed Slurry tank
立式压滤机在矿山和冶金的应用
金属精矿
• 铜，锌，铅，镍，铂族 • 铁（用于球团）
拥有悠久历史的创新技术
奥拓昆普
1950-1960 技术发展
1970 – 2001 扩张和国际化
2002 – 2005 发展和重组
2006 - 现在 全球解决方案提供者
铜闪速熔冶炼技术
基础金属和矿山运行的 新技术开发
铜、锌、镍、钴精炼技 术革新
北美和南美国际网络和 办公室部署
并购
工艺参数：
• 进料: 2mins 6bar
• 挤压： 1min
16bar
• 风干： 2mins 6bar
• 技术时间：3 mins
单个过滤循环时间：8分钟
过滤成本：0.9 USD/t 精矿
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23.11.2011
© Outotec - All rights reserved
Outotec
PF立式压滤机在铜精矿上的部分业绩
23/11/2011
© Outotec - All rights reserved
Q = K AΔp = AΔp (1)
μL μ R
Q = flow of filtrate K = permeability of the bed/ cake A = area (of the filter) μ = viscosity Δp = pressure difference R = L/k = cake resistance
160 ton/m2
特点
• 分离力高 + 料浆泵压力 + 机械挤压力 + 空气吹干
• 灵活性 + 组合灵活 + 滤饼洗涤选项
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压滤机结构
过滤腔打开
过滤腔闭合
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© Outotec - All rights reserved
全球扩张
专注于专利技术和服务
在奥拓昆普集团中处于 独立位置
o 奥图泰公司、组织结构、
集团结构的建立
o 2006年10月赫尔辛基上市
o 为矿物、金属、能源和工
业水处理提供环境友好解 决方案和服务
© Outotec - All rights reserved
专业技术
天然资源（矿石、矿物、能源、水）
Engineering and Mining Journal 工程和矿山期刊
15
23/11/2011
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拉罗克斯的五项最优: • 滤饼干燥度及滤饼洗涤效果 • 滤液纯净度 • 全自动运行 • 运转经济性 • 满足环保要求
Chemical Engineering Magazine 化学工程杂志
• 滤布移动时整个宽度都被高压水
喷洗
PF 方法: 优秀的工艺结果
技术特点 • 一条连续滤布 • 滤板水平放置
工艺特点
• 有效滤布洗涤 • 循环时间短 • 有效滤饼洗涤
全自动运行
• 重力有利过滤 • 滤饼厚度均匀 • 固体颗粒分布均匀
优秀的工艺结果
结果
• 提高工艺经济性 • 降低能耗 • 保护环境 • 提高劳动率 • 提高可靠性
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© Outotec - All rights reserved
PF立式压滤机在铜精矿应用
Larox PF立式压滤机在贵溪冶炼厂的应用： 料浆信息：
固体浓度：50～60% 固体：铜精矿 液体：水 粒度分布：P25=4.465um, P50=10.21um, P75=20.88um, P90=38.13um 原有设备：陶瓷过滤机 水分：16～18% 产量：低 工艺情况：需预干燥至10%
非金属矿
• 滑石，磷，高龄土
尾矿
• 干堆，回收水 • 回收氰化物
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冶金行业
• 锌冶炼
• 浸出渣 • 铁矾渣 • 铜渣 • 铜/钴渣，铬渣
• 镍钴冶炼
• 浸出渣 • 硫化沉淀物 • 碳酸镍，氢氧化镍
• 冶炼烟气处理：污酸，中和渣，石膏 • 阳极泥
Ceramec, Pannevis, Scheibler & Hoesch等品牌整合为Larox品牌
压力过滤
Larox® PF and DS
立式压滤机
Larox® FP and FFP
卧式压滤机
Larox® LSF
净化过滤机
真空过滤
Larox® CC
陶瓷过滤机
© Outotec - All rights reserved
Applicat应ion用E专x家pertise
Proces工s 艺Kn诀o窍w-how
Project项M目an管a理gement
Product生io产n 和& 交De货livery
13
© Outotec - All rights reserved
Research研&究D和e开ve发lopment
可Se靠rv服ic务e
矿物工艺 研磨 浮选 物理分离 浓密和澄清 过滤 分析仪和工艺自动化
冶金工艺 烧结和球团 熔炼和精炼 直接还原 煅烧 焙烧和废气处理 浸出和萃取 溶剂萃取 电解精炼和电解冶金 工艺控制
化工
硫酸生产 水处理 中和、污水处理、饮水 能源 燃烧、气化、热回收、废气处理、生物质能、油砂和油页岩工艺
© Outotec - All rights reserved
1
0,5 0 0.01 - 0.1 MJ/kg H2O
固液分离 热干燥
过滤理论
Darcy’s law (1856, Henry Darcy) for low Reynolds Number flow through a porous medium (soil mechs – Civ Eng):
17
滤布有效清洗
清洗前
电子显微镜观察 清洗后
电子显微镜观察
31
3/1998
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• 滤布可以双面过滤，也就意味着 每个循环过后滤布就被有效地反冲 洗。 •每个过滤循环都有效清洗滤布
• 有效的滤布清洗，结果 – 延长滤布的寿命 – 滤饼产量均匀 – 滤饼水分均匀
© Outotec - All rights reserved
奥图泰终身的服务
对用户的工艺和应用产生积极的环境影响 减少耗水量
改善能源的利用 减少烟尘的排放 更少的固体废物
新设备启动
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维修服务
现代化改造
重新装配
重新布置 – 再售 服务
主要过滤产品
Copper铜精矿
• Escondida, Chile • Chuquicamata, Chile, • Andina, Chile • Los Pelambres, Chile • Antamina, Peru • Cuajone, Peru • Alumbrera, Argentina • Olympic Dam, Australia • Rudna, Poland • Cerro Verde, Peru