专升本语法专题7非谓语动词
专升本非谓语动词考点归纳
非谓语动词知识点汇总（专升本英语）一. 常接to do的搭配（1）动词+to do：decide/determine, learn, want, expect/ hope;refuse, manage, wish, pretend; offer, promise, choose, plan;agree, ask/ beg, help等记忆口诀：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装；主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
（2）动词+sb./sth. +to do：如：want, get, wish, expect, ask, tell, order, command, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, drive, forbid, encourage, call on, wait for, invite, teach, remind, request, prefer, train, warn等注：特殊动词常跟不带to的不定式作宾补，但变为被动语态后，不定式的to不能省略。
这类特殊动词有：记忆口诀：五看三使役：see/look/watch/notice/observe, make/let/have 二听一感半帮助：hear/listen to, feel, (to) help主动to字要离去，被动to字要回府。
（3）It形式主语① It + be + 形容词+ for/of ... + to do It be +difficult/easy/important/impossible/necessary（修饰事情）... for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是……的It be + careless/clever/foolish/silly/stupid/kind/brave（修饰人）... of sb. to do sth.某人做某事是……的It is important for me to learn a foreign language.It is kind of you to help me.② It + be +名词词组+ to do常用名词词组：a pity, a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour, a questionIt’s a pity to leave s o early.③ It + takes (sb.)+时间（金钱）+ to do It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot. 步行将花费一整天时间到达山顶。
专升本英语非谓语动词的重点
专升本英语非谓语动词的重点：1，consider it +adj + to do 考虑做。
如何2，find it +adj +to do 发现做。
如何3，make it +adj +to do 使得做。
如何4，regard it +adj +to do 对待。
如何5，think it +adj +to do 认为做。
如何6，feel it +adj +to do 感觉做。
如何7，I buy some books to read during my spare time 我买了一些书去读在我的空闲时间。
（to do ，将来）8，Have sb do 让某人做9，Make sb do 是某人做10，Hear sb do 听见某人做11，Listen to sb do sth 听某人做某事12，Look at sb do sth 看着某人做某事13，Notice sb do sth 注意某人做某事14，Observe sb do 观察某人做某事15，See sb do sth 看见某人做某事16，Watch sb do sth 观看某人做某事17，The car to be fixed is my friend’s 这个将要被修理的车是我的朋友的（to be done ，将来）18，It is no use/good, fun, a waste of time ,a good pleasure, help, useless)+doing 做。
是没有。
19，Forget to do 忘记去做，forget doing 忘记做过20，Mean to do 打算去做，mean doing 意味着做某事21，Remember to do 记得去做，remember doing 记得做过22，Try to do 努力去做，try doing 尝试做某事23，Go on to do 继续去做另一件事，go on doing 继续去做同一件事24，Regret to do 后悔去做，regret doing 后悔做过25，Stop to do 停下来去做，stop doing 停止做。
非谓语动词与独立主格结构.ppt
非谓语动词 & 独立主格结构
By Gordon
一、非谓语动词 1. 定义： 在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形 式叫做非谓语动词，它不受人称和数的限制。
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二、形式：
省略to的情况：
1. 在使役动词和感官动词后：（一感二听三看四让） feel / hear, listen to / loot at, see, watch / let, make, have, get
2. had better (not) do sth. 最好（不）做。。。 3. why not / why don't you do sth. 为什么不做。。。？ 4. help sb. (to) do sth. 5. would rather do...宁愿做。。。 6. would you (please) do ... 情态动词 + do； 助动词 + do
独立主格特点： A: 用逗号 “,” 与主句分开，没有 “and”。 B: 介词with可省。 C: 在句中作状语，可改为相应的状语从句。
With one more chance given, I will make it. （独立主格）
If I am given one more chance, I will make it. （状语从句）
区别： Remember / forget / + doing(to do) Stop + doing (to do) Go on + doing (to do) Try + doing (to do)
Hale Waihona Puke 二、独立主格形式：
1. With + N + adj. 2. With + N + adv. 3. With + N + prep. 4. With + N + doing 重点 5. With + N + done 重点 6. With + N + to do 重点
专升本英语语法非谓语动词
独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主
语不同，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，
副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
I heard someone playing the violin in the next room.
A）I heard my brother (singing , sung ) in the next
room B）I heard the song (singing , sung ) in English .
My grandfather was delighted to hear that I passed my exams.
I was disappointed to learn the news.
3.作宾语补足语
重要！
We find the journey to Africa exciting.
常在see, hear, watch, feel, notice,find， discover，consider等感觉动词后或have，get， catch，leave，keep，start，send，set等使 役动词后用现在/过去分词构成的复合宾语，表 示动作进行或被动；而动词原形则表示动作的全 过程。
非谓语动词
分词
不定式
动名词
谓语和非谓语动词的区别： 不定式
非谓语动词不能单独作谓语：
作状语
Miss Mary teaches us English.
英语语法之非谓语动词
语法专题(七)非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的句法功能二、非谓语动词的形式(以make为例)三、关于非谓语动词的几种被动形式的使用和区别四、不定式、V-ing形式和V-ed作不同句子成分的用法区别1.不定式、V-ing和V-ed作状语的区别(1)不定式结构常用作目的状语，表示结果常见于下列搭配：so¡as to¡；such¡as to¡；enough to¡；too¡to¡；never to...，only to(通常是一个未曾料到的不愉快的结果)。
这样考过①(全国Ⅰ)The children all turned ________ the famous actress as she entered the classroom. A．looked at B．to look atC．to looking at D．look at解析：句意：当这位著名的女演员走进入教室时，所有的孩子都转过头去看她。
此处用to look at表目的。
答案：B②(福建三地五校)She returned home from the office，only ________ the door open and something missing.A．has found B．to be foundC．to find D．found解析：由句意：她从办公室回到家，结果发现门开着，也丢了东西。
知only to find作结果状语，表出乎意料的结果。
答案：C③(湖南十校联考)If the food tastes nice，we'll buy some；if ________，________.A．no; no B．not; notC．not; no D．no; not解析：第一空用not; if not表¡°如果不¡±，在此相当于if it doesn't taste nice；而第二空也用not，相当于we won't buy。
专升本语法专题7非谓语动词
功能
01
作表语
02
The music is pleasing to the ear.
03
He became discouraged.
04
He got promoted.
05
The news was disappointing.
06
考点透析
作宾补
She smelt sth burn.
He’s happy to see her old mother take good care of at home.
考点一
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
-ving 作真正的主语，it 为形式主语。
N→no good, no use, no point, no sense, no harm, a waste of time etc.
结构为：It is + n / adj + doing sth
Do you feel like going to the movie?
1
2
3
4
பைடு நூலகம்
5
考点三
My uncle took to smoking years ago.
04
I am looking forward to seeing you again.
03
to是不定式？还是介词？
01
be / get used / accustomed to doing、be opposed to、devote oneself to、get down to、look forward to、object to、stick to、take to等。
专升本英语-非谓语动词
二、动名词作宾语
② 有些动词既能以不定式作宾语，又能以动名词作宾语，但意
思不同。
If I had remembered to close the window, the thief would
not have got in. （记得要去做某事）
I remembered seeing her once somewhere.
二、不定式的进行式
to be+动词-ing，所表示的动作与谓语动词的动作是同时发生
的，而且正在进行着
• They seem to be getting along quite well.
• He is said to be studying in New York.
三、不定式的过去式
to have+过去分词，表示动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前
• He is said to have left Shanghai.
• She seems to have read the book before.
D 1. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music.
A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard B 2.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______the
I want to know this matter. I don’t expect to meet you here.
1. They wanted 3. I agreed twenties.
非谓语动词—专升本考点整理
（三）. 不定式的省略现象
• 1)不定式在感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice, look at , listen to, overhear, observe 和使役动词 have, make, let 后作宾语补足 语时, 不定式省略to 。 • 例 I watched him disappear in the distance. • 但这种句子如果变为被动结构，有to • They were made to work day and night. • Someone was heard to come up the stairs.
• 注意:1.如不定式与它所修饰的词有动宾关系, 而这个不定式又是不及物动词, 它后面应有 必要的介词. • There is nothing to worry about. • 2.不定式所修饰的名词是不定式的动作所发 生的地点或所使用的工具时, 它后面要带上 必要的介词. • I need a pen to write with. • He is looking for a room to live in
• 2)介词but ,except, besides 后接不定式作 宾语时，介词前有行为动词do ,不定式要 省去to。 • 例 We did nothing but/except wait then. • 反之, 则不能省略 • I’ve no choice but to stay here.
• 3)不定式在系动词 后作表语时, 当主语部 分有行为动词do, 作表语的不定式to可省 略。 例: What I want to do now is find some books to read.
He is brave enough to go out alone at night It is too heavy to carry.
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考点二
（二）作but / except的宾语，注意要不要to。 There is no choice but to wait and see. He did nothing but play PC games every day.
考点三
（三）英语中，有的动词或词组后面必须+doing形式， 不能接to do。
考点透析
六、-ving (adj) / -ved 1、区别：现在分词表主动；过去分词表被动。现在分
词表进行；过去分词表完成。 a touching / moving story a touched / moved audience the rising sun / a charming girl the risen sun / a charmed girl the changing world / developing countries the changed world / developed countries
考点一
1. It is / was + adj + of / for sb + to do It was thoughtful ______ her to come to see me when I
was ill. It was nasty ______ Jim to behave like that. It is important ______ us to understand the point. It is foolish ______ her to buy the picture.
Peter failed to pass the final exam.
考点一
（一）用it作形式宾语，真正宾语to do 常用该结构的动词有：find、feel、believe、make、
consider等。 I found it interesting to play snooker. Do you consider it better not to go?
考点一
如果to do和它前面的修饰词是动宾关系，不定式是vi， 或是工作对象、工具等，这时不定式后需要相应的介 词。
He is looking for a room to live __. Please give me a knife to cut __. She bought a bookshelf to put her books __. He has a kid to take care __. She can find no one to make friends __. He lent me a book to kill time __.
高频考点
使役动词 + sb + do sth 感官动词 + sb + do/doing We must have someone repair the computer. She smell sth burning and saw smoke rising. If she catches me reading her diary, she’ll be furious. I saw him swim in the river yesterday. I saw him swimming in the river yesterday.
devote oneself to、get down to、look forward to、 object to、stick to、take to等。 I am looking forward to seeing you again.
My uncle took to smoking years ago.
考点透析
四、作定语 to do作定语需要后置。 sth to eat water to drink There is no need to wake him up. Did you have a proper reason to say so? She was the only person to get a scholarship.
考点透析
二、作宾语 常用to do作宾语的词有afford、attempt、continue、
dare、decide、decline、endeavor、hesitate、hope、 intend、prepare、pretend、tend、venture、want、 volunteer等。
I can’t afford to live in a detached house.
考点三
（三）to do与–ving (n)作主语和表语时的区别 Sending an e-mail is quite common today. To send an e-mail is my task this afternoon. My job is teaching English. My today’s job is to teach you how to learn English well.
now she is working a new machine. 非谓语动词→在句子里不能作谓语的动词。
二、非谓语动词是什么样子呢？
它以三种形式出现： 1. to do 2. -ving 3. –ved
三、非谓语动词是动词吗？能充 当其他成分吗？
是动词→所以有时态、语态的区别 1) He tried to work out the problem. 2) I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 3) The tower being repaired was put up in the Tang
考点透析
一、作主语或表语 To hesitate means failure. To think of you makes me old. To know oneself is difficult. To err is human. To talk to her is to talk to a wall. To love is to be loved. To see her is to love her. To live is to do something worthwhile. Peter was to perish in a car crash and to leave a wife and 6
专升本语法专题七
非谓语动词
一、谓语动词与非谓语动词
谓语动词→在句子中作谓语的动词。 1) Young people often hike and they enjoy hiking very
much. 2) Rose, who is an attractive girl, works in a factory and
考点二
（二）-ving 作真正的主语，it 为形式主语。 结构为：It is + n / adj + doing sth N→no good, no use, no point, no sense, no harm, a
waste of time etc. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is no good objecting. It is good playing Chinese chess after supper.
如：avoid、admit、advocate、enjoy、feel like、 escape、risk、have difficulty / trouble / problem (in) doing、can’t help doing sth等。
The girl avoid giving her any personal info.
考点透析
三、作宾补 结构为：v + sb + to do。常见的动词有：advise、ask、
compel、direct、enable、expect、force、 tell、want、 urge、persuade等。 Tell the kids not to play on the street. He likes his wife to dress well.
考点一
2. It is + n + to do N→a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, an honor, a shame, a
crime, etc. It is a pity to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.
考点透析
2、功能 1）作表语 The music is pleasing to the ear. He became discouraged. He got promoted. The news was disappointing.
考点透析
2）作宾补 She smelt sth burn. He’s happy to see her old mother take good care of at
children.
考点一
（一）真正主语to do被置于句末，用it放在句首充当 形式主语。
To spend your vacation at the seaside is quite pleasure. It requires patience to be a good nurse. It takes Susan 2 hours to dress herself up each day.
home. I want this watch repair at once.
考点透析
3）作定语 a）单个分词作定语前置。 Boiling water, a grown-up daughter, an escaped prisoner b）分词短语作定语要后置 I saw a group of students return from the school. Most of the young teachers work in this university are Ph.D. Do you know the girl employ by this company? Suddenly John saw a little girl run up to him. The book, complete in May, sells well.