2020-2021学年安徽安庆市第一中学高一上学期期中考试语文试卷
2020-2021学年安徽省潜山县黄铺中学高一上学期期中考试语文试题
2020-2021学年度第一学期期中考试高一语文试卷第Ⅰ卷阅读题一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
在中国诗歌史上，盛唐诗歌何以成为中国古典诗歌的高峰？究其原因，在南朝齐梁宫体诗绮靡之风甚嚣尘上的境况下，唐代的陈子昂、李贺、李白、杜甫等诗人相继倡导恢复并高扬“风骨”传统，尤其是盛唐诗人对“风骨”崇尚有加，使“诗具风骨”成为盛唐诗歌的共同特征。
在历史的变迁衍化中，“风骨”早已融入中华传统文化，然而，自上世纪80年代开始，诗歌界充斥着大量低俗、恶俗、媚俗之作，扰乱了诗坛的审美秩序与标准，这些诗显然缺乏“风骨”。
因此，新诗急需反躬自省，重新建构“风骨”，延续中国传统文化精神与诗歌气韵。
继承与发扬风骨的关键是诗人要有风骨，具体而言则是指诗人应秉持使命感与责任心。
古语云：“诗者，天地之心。
”诗人作为“天地之心”的创造者本应怀有“天地之心”，但当下很多诗人都沉溺于写“小我”的日常琐碎、鸡毛蒜皮，缺少大情怀大境界，更有甚者为出版、发表、出名或赚取眼球、点击量、关注度，批量生产媚俗之作。
诗人本应怀有范仲淹的“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”的博大胸怀，应有王冕笔下“不要人夸颜色好，只留清气满乾坤”的正气，应有杜甫虽居茅屋却有“安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜”的悲悯情怀，然而当下许多诗人都缺少这种“风骨”。
被誉为“二十世纪中华诗魂”的艾青一生心系大堰河那样的劳苦大众，曾发出“为什么我的眼里常含泪水，因为我对这土地爱得深沉”的感叹，写的大量忧国忧民的诗作，正是使命感与责任心的体现，是中国风骨在现代诗人身上的延续。
其次，诗歌在内涵上需要建构中国风骨。
风骨首先属于道德范畴，如古代“风”所蕴含的教化之义，是对诗歌所拥有的诗教功能的肯定。
然而，自上世纪80年代中后期以来，不少诗歌在内容上所呈现的是自恋与矫情的“小我”情绪，以暴露个人生活隐私为内容，让诗成为日常生活的流水账记录，轻浅琐碎，没有思想、内涵和意义，更有甚者彻底解构诗的内涵诉求，践踏和僭越诗歌伦理与道德，一些作品将“诗”本来应该拥有的典雅、崇高彻底解构，其恶俗轻艳令人生厌。
安徽省安庆市第一中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试语文试题 Word版含答案
安庆一中2021—2022学年第一学期期中考试高二语文试题说明：①本试卷分为两卷，第I卷阅读题66分，第II卷表达题84分，共150分。
考试时间150分钟。
②答案一律答在答题纸指定位置上，答在试卷上无效。
第Ⅰ卷（阅读题共66分）一、（9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。
不言之美，不是以缄默的方式去体物，不言不是不说话，而是放弃“人之言”，达到“天之言”的境界。
“天之言”乃是不以人的学问去言说，而以生命的本相去呈现。
庄子说：“天地有大美而不言。
”这句话是传统美学不言之美的一个代表性观点。
这句话有三个理论层次：其一，不言之美作为一种“大美”，不与“小美”相对，它是根本的美，是美的本体；其二，天地以“不言’为美的根本特点，美的制造就是归复自然之道，故以“不言”之美为美的最高准则；其三，天地之美并非与人的世界无关，在中国哲学中，天地不是纯然外在的物质世界，它是人的生命所映照的世界。
《庄子》一书共使用“美”52次，其中多处含有哲学意义。
它将美分成两种类型：一是一般的美，这是相对的美；一是道之美，这是确定的美。
前者称其为小美，后者称为大美，或者至美。
前者属于人的理性的视界，是人的语言可以表达的。
而后者不涉人的理性，是人类语言所不行分别的浑然之美，是不言之美。
前者是人为之美，后者为造化之美。
在庄子看来，美是一个自然呈现的世界，美是不行说的，可说则非美。
有言的世界是语言可以描述的世界，语言的有限性打算它无法真实反映这个世界。
所以庄子认为有言之美肯定是有限的、相对的、不完全的、片面的。
而不言之美中，没有外在的审美，有外在的审美，就是生疏，是观照者对对象的生疏，不言之美排解这样的对象存在的可能性。
这样的美只能通过体验妙悟而获得。
在庄子看来，一般美是是学问的判分，是有分别的美；而大美则是超越学问、是无分别的美。
一般美不脱主观性，而主观世界下的美则不是真美。
一般美受制于主体学问的局限，那位因大雨兴奋而跳动的河伯，“以天下之美为尽在己”，这样的美的结论带有虚幻不实性。
2021-2022学年安徽省安庆市第一中学高一下学期期末数学试题(解析版)
2021-2022学年安徽省安庆市第一中学高一下学期期末数学试题一、单选题1．化简：OP OA PB BC -++=（ ）A ．PCB ．0C ．ABD ．AC【答案】D【分析】利用向量的加减法运算法则直接求解.【详解】OP OA PB BC AP PB BC AB BC AC -++=++=+=. 故选：D2．在ABC 中，1,2,60a c B ===︒，则b =（ ）A．1 B ．2 C D 【答案】D【分析】根据由余弦定理，可得2222cos b a c ac B =+-，代入数据即得.【详解】由余弦定理，得2222212cos 1221232b ac ac B =+-=+-⨯⨯⨯=，∴ b =故选：D.3．已知i 为虚数单位，复数z 满足|2i |1z -=，则||z 的最大值为（ ） A．1 B C ．2D ．3【答案】D【分析】设i(,)z x y x y =+∈R ，利用|2i |1z -=推出z 对应复平面上的点的轨迹，||z 的最大值即为轨迹上的点到原点距离的最大值.【详解】设i(,)z x y x y =+∈R ，由|2i |1z -=，1，则22(2)1x y +-=，于是(,)A x y 可看成以(0,2)为圆心，半径为1的圆上运动，||z 意为A 到(0,0)的距离，距离最大值为3，所以max ||=3z . 故选：D.4．如图正方形OABC 的边长为1，它是水平放置的一个平面图形的直观图，则原图形的面积( )A ．22B ．1C 2D ．(212【答案】A【分析】由题意求出直观图中OB 的长度，根据斜二测画法，求出原图形平行四边形的高，即可求出原图形的面积．【详解】解：由题意正方形OABC 的边长为1，它是水平放置的一个平面图形的直观图， 所以OB 2=2 所以原图形的面积为：1×2=2 故选A ．【点睛】本题考查斜二测直观图与平面图形的面积的关系，斜二测画法，考查计算能力． 5．小红同学统计了她妈妈最近6次的手机通话时间（单位：分钟），得到的数据分别为12，5，7，11，15，30，则这组数据的60%分位数是（ ） A ．12 B ．11.5C ．11D ．7【答案】A【分析】将数据排序，根据百分位数的求法求60%分位数. 【详解】将数据从小到大排序为5,7,11,12,15,30， 所以660% 3.6⨯=，故该组数据的60%分位数是12. 故选：A6．设事件A ，B 相互独立，()0.6P A =，()0.3P B =，则()P AB AB ⋃=（ ） A ．0.36 B ．0.504C ．0.54D ．0.9【答案】C【分析】根据独立事件的概率计算公式，结合题意，带值求解即可.【详解】根据题意，AB AB 与互斥，A B ，相互独立，B ，A 相互独立，AB ，AB 相互独立，故()P AB AB ⋃=()()()()()()P AB P AB P A P B P A P B +=+0.60.70.40.30.54=⨯+⨯=.故选：C.7．已知长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中14AB AA ==，3BC =，M 为1AA 的中点，N 为11C D 的中点，过1B 的平面α与DM ，1A N 都平行，则平面α截长方体所得截面的面积为（ ） A ．322 B ．311C ．422D ．511【答案】A【分析】过1B 作11//B E A N 交11D C 延长线于E ，G 为1CC 中点，连接1B G ，利用长方体性质及线面平行的判定证1//A N 面1B GE 、//DM 面1B GE ，即面1B GE 为平面α，再延长EG 交DC 于F ，连接AF ，利用线线、线面的性质确定面1AFGB 为平面α截长方体所得截面，最后延长1,AF B G 分别交BC 于一点并判断交于同一点，根据已知结合余弦定理、三角形面积公式及1134AFGB AHB S S =求截面面积即可.【详解】过1B 作11//B E A N 交11D C 延长线于E ，则11112C ED C =，若G 为1CC 中点，连接1B G ，而M 为1AA 的中点，在长方体中1//B G DM ，而111B G B E B ⋂=且11,B G B E ⊂面1B GE ，由1A N ⊄面1B GE ，则1//A N 面1B GE ，由DM ⊄面1B GE ，则//DM 面1B GE ， 所以面1B GE 即为平面α，延长EG 交DC 于F ，易知：F 为DC 中点，则1//EF C D 且1EF C D =，又11//C D B A 且11C D B A =， 故1AFEB 为平行四边形，则1//EF B A 且1EF B A =，故1,,,,A F E G B 共面， 连接AF ，即面1AFGB 为平面α截长方体所得截面，延长1,AF B G 分别交BC 于一点，而在1,ABH B BH 中,CF CG 都为中位线， 由14AB AA ==，3BC =，则1CG CFB B AB=，故1,AF B G 交BC 于同一点H ， 易知：△1AHB 为等腰三角形且1213AH B H ==142AB =，则1104329cos 25213AHB -∠==⨯，可得1sin AHB ∠=，又113315244213AFGB AHB S S ==⨯⨯⨯=故选：A【点睛】关键点点睛：利用长方体的性质及线面平行的判定确定平面α，再根据平面的基本性质找到平面α截长方体所得截面，并应用余弦定理、三角形面积公式及相似比求截面面积.8．将字母a,a,b,b,c,c,排成三行两列，要求每行的字母互不相同，每列的字母也互不相同，则不同的排列方法共有 A ．12种 B ．18种C ．24种D ．36种【答案】A【详解】【思路点拨】先排第一列三个位置,再排第二列第一行上的元素,则其余元素就可以确定了.解:先排第一列,由于每列的字母互不相同,因此共有3×2×1种不同的方法;再排第二列,其中第二列第一行的字母共有2种不同的排法,第二列第二、三行的字母只有1种排法,因此共有3×2×1×2=12(种)不同的方法. 二、多选题9．若复数z 满足()12i 8i z -=-，则（ ）A ．z 的实部为2B ．zC ．z 的虚部为2D ．z 在复平面内表示的点位于第四象限【答案】AB【分析】化简复数后根据实部、虚部的概念可判断选项A 、C ，求出复数的模，可判断选项B ，根据复数的几何意义可判断选项D. 【详解】因为()()()()8i 12i 8i 1015i 23i 12i 12i 12i 5z -+-+====+--+，所以z 的实部为2，z 的虚部为3，所以||z =z 在复平面内表示的点位于第一象限故A 、B 正确，C ，D 错误． 故选：AB10．已知O 是ABC 所在平面内一点，则下列结论正确的是（ ） A ．若()()0AB AC AB AC +⋅-=，则ABC 为等腰三角形B ．若0OA OB OC ++=，则O 是ABC 的外心 C ．若0AB BC ⋅>，则ABC 为钝角三角形D ．若0OA BC ⋅=，0OB AC ⋅=，则0OC AB ⋅= 【答案】ACD【分析】由数量积的运算判断A ，根据向量的夹角公式判断C ，由垂直的向量表示判断D ，根据向量线性运算判断B ．【详解】由()()0AB AC AB AC +⋅-=，得22AB AC =，即AB AC =，故A 对； 由0OA OB OC ++=，取BC 中点D ，连接OD ，则2OB OC OD OA +==-， 所以,OA OD 共线，且O 在线段AD 上，21OA OD =，即O 为重心，故B 错；由0AB BC ⋅>，得B π-为锐角，B 为钝角故C 对；由0OA BC ⋅=，0OB AC ⋅=，得,OA BC OB AC ⊥⊥，知O 为ABC 的垂心，所以0OC AB ⋅=，故D 对.故选：ACD.11．某班级到一工厂参加社会实践劳动，加工出如图所示的圆台12O O ，在轴截面ABCD 中，2cm AB AD BC ===，且2CD AB =，则（ ）A ．该圆台的高为1cmB ．该圆台轴截面面积为233cmC 373πD ．一只小虫从点C 沿着该圆台的侧面爬行到AD 的中点，所经过的最短路程为5cm 【答案】BCD【分析】由勾股定理即可求得圆台的高，即可判断A 选项；由梯形面积公式即可判断B选项；由圆台体积公式即可判断C 选项；由圆台侧面展开图结合勾股定理即可判断D 选项.【详解】如图，作BE CD ⊥交CD 于E ，易得12CD ABCE -==，则22213BE ，则圆台的高为3cm ，A 错误；圆台的轴截面面积为()2133c 4m 232⨯+⨯=，B 正确；圆台的体积为()3173cm 33443πππππ⨯⨯++⋅=，C 正确； 将圆台一半侧面展开，如下图中ABCD ，设P 为AD 中点，圆台对应的圆锥一半侧面展开为扇形COD ，由1CE EO =可得2BC OB ==，则4OC =，4242COD ππ∠==，又32ADOP OA =+=，则22435CP =+=，即点C 到AD 的中点所经过的最短路程为5cm ，D 正确. 故选：BCD.12．如图，矩形ABCD 中，E 为边AB 的中点，将△ADE 沿直线DE 翻转成△A 1DE .若M 为线段A 1C 的中点，则在△ADE 翻转过程中，下列命题正确的是（ ）A ．MB 是定值 B ．点M 在圆上运动C ．一定存在某个位置，使DE ⊥A 1CD ．一定存在某个位置，使MB ∥平面A 1DE 【答案】ABD【分析】取CD 的中点N ，先证平面MBN ∥平面A 1DE ，再得MB ∥平面A 1DE ；根据余弦定理计算BM 为定值；再根据BM 为定值，可得点M 在圆上运动；若DE ⊥A 1C ，根据条件推出DE ⊥A 1E ,与题意矛盾【详解】解：取DC 的中点N ，连接MN ，NB ，则MN ∥A 1D ，NB ∥DE ， 因为MN ∩NB ＝N ，A 1D ∩DE ＝D ， 所以平面MNB ∥平面A 1DE ， 因为MB ⊂平面MNB ，所以MB ∥平面A 1DE ，D 正确；∠A 1DE ＝∠MNB ，MN ＝12A 1D ＝定值，NB ＝DE ＝定值，根据余弦定理得，MB 2＝MN 2＋NB 2－2MN ·NB ·cos ∠MNB ，所以MB 是定值，A 正确； 因为B 是定点，所以M 在以B 为圆心，MB 为半径的圆上，B 正确；在矩形ABCD 中，AB ＝2AD ，E 为边AB 的中点，所以DE ⊥EC ，若DE ⊥A 1C ，可得DE ⊥平面A 1CE ,即得DE ⊥A 1E ,与∠DEA 1为45︒矛盾，∴不存在某个位置，使DE ⊥A 1C ，C 不正确. 故选： ABD. 三、填空题13．一栋楼有6个单元,小王和小李均住在此楼内,他们住在同一单元的概率为_____. 【答案】16【详解】两人所有的居住方式有(1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(1,5),(1,6),(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(2,4),(2,5),(2,6),(3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(3,4),(3,5),(3,6),(4,1),(4,2),(4,3),(4,4),(4,5),(4,6),(5,1),(5,2),(5,3),(5,4),(5,5),(5,6),(6,1),(6,2),(6,3),(6,4),(6,5),(6,6),共36种,而住同一单元的只有6种:(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(4,4),(5,5),(6,6),故所求概率为61366= 故答案为1614．在正四棱锥P ABCD -中，4AB =，26PA =P ABCD -外接球的体积是______. 【答案】36π【分析】画出图形，作PO '⊥平面ABCD ，垂足为O '，可得正四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的球心O 在PO '上，设四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的半径为R ，然后利用勾股定理求解即可.【详解】连接AC BD ，交于O '点，连接PO '，所以PO '⊥底面ABCD ， 从而正四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的球心O 在PO '上，连接OD ，正方形ABCD 的边长为4， 可得22O D '=26PA PD ==224O P PD O D -'='，设四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的半径为R ，则()2222R O D O O O P O O =+=-''''， 即()22284R O O O O =+='-'，解得1'=O O ， 所以3R =，故四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的体积是34π336π3⨯=. 故答案为：36π.15．安排5名志愿者完成,,A B C 三项工作，其中A 项工作需3人，,B C 两项工作都只需一人，则不同的安排方式共有______种. 【答案】20【分析】先从5人选3人一组参加A 项工作，然后其他两人完成,B C 即可.【详解】A 项工作安排3人有35C 10=，然后安排,B C 有22A 2=，则所安排的方式共10220⨯=种. 故答案为：20.16．如图，在平面四边形ABCD 中，AB BC ⊥，AD CD ⊥，120BAD ︒∠=，AB=AD 1=.若点E 为DC 上的动点，则AE BE ⋅的最小值为______.【答案】2116【分析】建立直角坐标系，得出(1,)AE t =-，33,22BE t ⎛⎫=-- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，利用向量的数量积公式即可得出23322AE BE t t ⋅=-+，结合[0,3]t ∈，得出AE BE ⋅的最小值. 【详解】因为AD CD ⊥，所以以点D 为原点，DA 为x 轴正方向，DC 为y 轴正方向，建立如图所示的平面直角坐标系，因为1AD AB ==，所以(1,0)A ，又因为120DAB ︒∠=，所以直线AB 3332B ⎛ ⎝⎭，因为AB BC ⊥，所以直线BC 的斜率为3所以直线BC 的方程为3332y x ⎫=-⎪⎝⎭， 令0x =，解得3y =3)C ， 设点E 坐标为(0,)E t ，则3]t ∈，则(1,)AE t =-，33,2BE t ⎛=- ⎝⎭， 所以23333122AE BE t t t ⎛⎛⎫⋅=-⨯-+⋅=+ ⎪ ⎝⎭⎝⎭又因为t ∈，所以当t =AE BE ⋅取得最小值为2116．【点睛】本题主要考查平面向量基本定理及坐标表示、平面向量的数量积以及直线与方程． 四、解答题17．已知复数()i ,R,0z a b a b ab =+∈<满足z =2z 为纯虚数． (1)求复数z ；(2)设z ，2z ，2z z -在复平面内对应的点分别为A ，B ，C ，求△ABC 的面积． 【答案】(1)1i z =-或1i z =-+； (2)1.【分析】（1）由复数模的意义、纯虚数的意义列式计算作答.（2）利用（1）的结论，求出点A ，B ，C 的坐标，求出三角形面积作答. 【详解】(1)设i z a b =+（a ，R b ∈），则2222i z a b ab =-+，依题意，222a b +=且220a b -=，而0ab <，解得a =1，b =-1或a =-1，b =1， 所以1i z =-或1i z =-+.(2)当1i z =-时，22i z =-，21i z z -=+，则()1,1A -，()0,2B -，()1,1C ，2AC =，点B 到边AC 距离为1，则1ABC S =△，当1i z =-+时，22i z =-，213i z z -=-+，则()1,1A -，()0,2B -，()1,3C -，2AC =，点B 到边AC 距离为1，1ABC S =△，所以△ABC 的面积是1.18．在ABC 中，内角、、A B C 所对的边为a b c 、、，若向量(1,sin )m C =，向量(sin(),1)n B A =-，且3sin 2m n A ⋅=，π3C =(1)求b a(2)若边c =ABC 的周长 【答案】(1)3或1 2(2)4【分析】（1）由已知条件分类讨论即可求得ba的值；（2）分类讨论求得a b 、的值，即可求得ABC 的周长.【详解】(1)sin()sin sin cos cos sin sin()2sin cos m n B A C B A B A B A B A ⋅=-+=-++= 则2sin cos 3sin26sin cos B A A A A ==，即()3sin sin cos 0A B A -=当cos 0A =时，πππ,,236A C B ===，则πsin sin 16πsin 2sin 2b B a A === 当cos 0A ≠时，3sin sin 0A B -=，即sin 3sin B A =，则sin 3sin b B a A == (2)①当πππ,,236A C B ===时，由7c =，可得213b =，2213a = 则ABC 的周长为22121721733a+b+c =++=+； ②当ππ,32C A =≠，3b a =时，由7c =， 可得()()222π7323cos 3a a a a =+-⋅，整理得21a =，则1a =，3b = 则ABC 的周长为13747a+b+c =++=+.19．第24届冬奥会于2022年2月4日至2月20日在北京举行，组委会为普及冬奥知识，面向全市征召a 名志愿者成立冬奥知识宣传小组，现把该小组成员按年龄分成[20,25),[25,30),[30,35),[35,40),[40,45]这5组，得到的频率分布直方图如图所示，已知年龄在[25,30)内的人数为35．(1)求m 和a 的值，并估计该冬奥知识宣传小组成员年龄的中位数（中位数精确到0.1）；(2)若用分层抽样的方法从年龄在[30,35),[35,40),[40,45]内的志愿者中抽取6名参加某社区的宣传活动，再从这6名志愿者中随机抽取2名志愿者去该社区的一所高中组织一次冬奥知识宣讲，求这2名志愿者中至少有1人年龄在[35,40)内的概率．【答案】(1)0.07m =，100a =，31.7(2)35【分析】（1）先计算各组的频率，再根据频率和为1计算出m 的值，然后再根据[25,30)段的人数和对应的频率计算出总人数；利用面积法求出中位数；（2）先计算出年龄在[30,35),[35,40),[40,45]内的志愿者人数；再求从这6名志愿者中随机抽取2名志愿者的基本事件总数和至少有一名志愿者年龄在[35,40)内的事件数，代入古典概型概率计算公式，可得答案【详解】(1)由频率分布直方图知：(0.010.060.040.02)51m ++++⨯=，解得0.07m = … 因为年龄在[25,30)内的人数为35，所以35(0.075)100a =÷⨯=设冬奥知识宣传小组成员年龄的中位数的估计值为x ，则[30,35)x ∈内，且满足0.0150.075(30)0.060.5x ⨯+⨯+-⨯=，解得23131.73x =≈ (2)由频率分布直方图知：小组成员年龄在[30,35),[35,40),[40,45]的人数之比为3:2:1，故抽取的6名志愿者中，在区间[30,35),[35,40),[40,45]中分别抽取了3人，2人，1人记[30,35)中的3名志愿者为123,,A A A ，[35,40)中的2名志愿者为12,B B ，[40,45]中的1名志愿者为C ，则从6人中再随机抽取2人的所有可能有121311121(,),(,),(,),(,),(,),A A A A A B A B A C2321222313231212(,),(,),(,),(,),(,),(,),(,),(,),(,),(,)A A A B A B A C A B A B A C B B B C B C ； 共15种，至少有1人年龄在[35,40)内的情形有9种，故所求概率为93155P == 20．如图，在边长为4的正三角形ABC 中，E ，F 分别是边AB ，AC 上的点，EF BC ∥，AD BC ⊥，EH BC ⊥，FG BC ⊥，垂足分别是D ，H ，G ，将△ABC 绕AD 所在直线旋转180°．(1)由图中阴影部分旋转形成的几何体的体积记为V ，当E ，F 分别为边AB ，AC 的中点时，求V ；(2)由内部空白部分旋转形成的几何体侧面积记为S ，当E ，F 分别在什么位置时，S 最大？【答案】53(2)E ，F 分别为AB ，AC 的中点时S 最大【分析】（1）依题意可得阴影部分旋转后的几何体是一个圆锥挖去一个圆柱，根据圆锥、圆柱的体积公式计算可得；（2）设DG x =，()0,2x ∈，表示出FG ，则旋转图的侧面积2S DG FG π=⨯⨯，再利用基本不等式计算可得；【详解】(1)解：由圆锥与圆柱的定义可知，将ABC 绕AD 旋转180°，阴影部分旋转后的几何体是一个圆锥挖去一个圆柱，且圆锥的底面半径为2，高为23，圆柱的底面半径为1，高为3．因此阴影部分形成的几何体的体积为V V V =-圆锥圆柱1534231333πππ=⨯⨯⨯-⨯⨯=． (2)解：设DG x =，()0,2x ∈，则2CG x =-，()32FG x =-， 此时()223223S DG FG x x πππ=⨯⨯=-≤，． 当且仅当1x =时等号成立，即E ，F 分别为AB ，AC 的中点时S 最大．21．如图，在直角梯形OABC 中，//,,22,OA CB OA OC OA BC OC M ⊥==为AB 上靠近B 的三等分点，OM 交AC 于,D P 为线段BC 上的一个动点．（1）用OA 和OC 表示OM ；（2）求OD DM； （3）设OB CA OP λμ=+，求λμ⋅的取值范围．【答案】(1)2233OM OA OC =+；(2)3；(3)3[0,]4. 【分析】(1)根据给定条件及几何图形，利用平面向量的线性运算求解而得；(2)选定一组基向量，OD 将由这一组基向量的唯一表示出而得解；(3)由动点P 设出1(0)2CP xOA x =≤≤，结合平面向量基本定理，λμ⋅建立为x 的函数求解.【详解】(1)依题意12CB OA =，23AM AB =， 22221221()()33333333AM OB OA OC CB OA OC OA OA OC OA ∴=-=+-=+-=-，2122()3333OM OA AM OA OC OA OA OC ∴=+=+-=+； (2)因OM 交AC 于D ，由(1)知2222()3333t t OD tOM t OA OC OD OA OC ==+==+， 由共起点的三向量终点共线的充要条件知，22133t t +=，则3t 4=，3OD DM =，||3||OD DM =； (3)由已知12OB OC CB OC OA =+=+， 因P 是线段BC 上动点，则令1(0)2CP xOA x =≤≤， ()()()()OB CA OP OA OC OC CP x OA OC λμλμλμμλ=+=-++=++-，又,OC OA 不共线，则有1131222x x λμμλμλμ=--=⎧⎧⎪⎪⇒⎨⎨=+=⎪⎪+⎩⎩， 1330111222x x μ≤≤⇒≤+≤⇒≤≤， 211(1)()24λμμμμ⋅=-=--在3[1,]2μ∈上递增，所以min max 331,()0,,()24μλμμλμ=⋅==⋅=， 故λμ⋅的取值范围是3[0,]4. 【点睛】由不共线的两个向量为一组基底，用该基底把相关条件和结论表示成向量的形式，再通过向量的运算来解决．22．如图，在四棱锥P ABCD -中，底面ABCD 是菱形，60BAD ∠=︒，PAD △是正三角形，E 为线段AD 的中点，()0PF FC λλ=>.（1）求证：平面PBC ⊥平面PBE ；（2）是否存在点F ，使得58B PAE D PFB V V --=若存在，求出λ的值；若不存在，请说明理由.（3）若平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ，在平面PBE 内确定一点H ，使CH FH +的值最小，并求此时BH BP的值. 【答案】（1）证明见解析；（2）存在，4λ=；（3）点H 是使CH FH +的值最小时，在平面PBE 上的一点，BH 2BP 3=. 【分析】（1）先证明AD ⊥平面PBE .，然后得BC ⊥平面PBE ，再得面面垂直；（2）利用棱锥体积之间的关系111222B PAE P ADB P BCD F BCD V V V V λ----+===，D PFB P BDC F BCC F BCD V V V V λ----=-=，可得λ的关系，求得λ；（3）延长CB 到C '，使得BC BC '=，由（1）知CB ⊥平面PBE ，得C '是点C 关于面PBE 的对称点，在平面PBC 中，过点C '作C F PC '⊥，垂足为F ，交PB 于H ，则点H 是使CH FH +的值最小时，在平面PBE 上的一点，然后计算出长度即得．【详解】解：（1）证明：因为PAD △是正三角形，E 为线段AD 的中点，所以PE AD ⊥.因为ABCD 是菱形，所以AD AB =.因为60BAD ∠=︒，所以ABD △是正三角形，所以BE AD ⊥，而BE PE E ⋂=，,BE PE ⊂平面PBE ，所以AD ⊥平面PBE .又//AD BC ，所以BC ⊥平面PBE .因为BC ⊂平面PBC所以平面PBC ⊥平面PBE .（2）由PF FC λ=，知()1PC PF FC FC λ=+=+. 所以，111222B PAE P ADB P BCD F BCD V V V V λ----+===， D PFB P BDC F BCC F BCD V V V V λ----=-=. 因此，58B PAE D PFB V V --=的充要条件是1528λλ+=， 所以，4λ=.即存在满足()0PF FC λλ=>的点F ，使得58B PAE D PFB V V --=，此时4λ=. （3）延长CB 到C '，使得BC BC '=，由（1）知CB ⊥平面PBE ，PB ⊂平面PBE ，CB PB ⊥，则C '是点C 关于面PBE 的对称点，.在平面PBC 中，过点C '作C F PC '⊥，垂足为F ，交PB 于H ，则点H 是使CH FH +的值最小时，在平面PBE 上的一点设2BC a =，则3PE BE a ==，因为平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ，平面PAD 平面ABCD AD =，PE AD ⊥，PE ⊂平面PAD ，所以PE ⊥平面ABCD ，因为BE ⊂平面ABCD ，所以PE BE ⊥，所以6PB a =，所以2tan tan 6BC BC H BPC PB '∠=∠==， 所以4tan 6BH BC BC H a ''=∠=， 所以BH 2BP 3=．。
安徽省安庆市第一中学2020┄2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Mark do tomorrow？A. Have tea with the man.B. Visit his grandparents.C. Work in the country.2. What keeps the man late？A. A meeting.B. An injury.C. Heavy traffic.3. How much did the man pay for the telephone service last month？A. $25.B. $50.C. $100.4. What are the two speakers talking about？A. The girl’s past.B. The girl’s singing.C. The girl’s age.5. What’s the woman’s purpose of calling the man？A. To ask for a newspaper.B. To ask about a website.C. To ask about a house.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman call the man？A. To tell him about her journey.B. To ask about an appointment.C. To tell him she can’t come on Friday.7. How does the man react after hearing what the woman said？A. He is angry.B. He offers a solution.C. He is worried.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
安徽省安庆市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题
安徽省安庆市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解The Four Best Astronomy BooksThis list has been updated 24 times since it was first published in 2015. Our selection includes editions specifically written to attract youngsters, some of which are for more advanced students. Each of them contains breathtaking, full-color images.●The Backyard Astronomer’s GuideThe Backyard Astronomer’s Guide (about $30) is a great resource suitable for beginners and experts. It offers in-depth guidance on everything from picking the perfect telescope to avoiding light pollution, with tips on how best to explore the deep sky.Features:Over 500 bright photographsDetailed maps of the Milky Way●Far out: A Space-Time ChronicleFar out: A Space-Time Chronicle (about $25) takes you on a journey through time using the concept of light speed to introduce the vastness of the universe. It’s a real page-turner, with one impressive photo after another, and will let your imagination run wild.Features:Making connections to human historyWritten in a poetic styleInformative and thoughtful●NightWatch: A Practical Guide to Viewing the UniverseThis book (about $18) has sold upwards of 600,000 copies of its three previous editions. It comes with a variety of charts showing various events, such as when to expect a solar and lunar eclipse (日蚀和月蚀).Features:Great for those using telescopesHelpful telescope shopping tips●Astronomy: A Self-Teaching GuidePerfect for ordinary people or those wanting to get a taste of the subject before devoting themselves to a formal class, this book (about $11) makes it easy for them to learn the main topics and basic rules of a college-level course on their own.Features:No math requiredSelf-tests to check progressExplaining professional terms1．What can we say about the book Far Out: A Space-Time Chronicle?A．It is funny and strange.B．It is exciting and imaginative.C．It is breathtaking and popular.D．It is instructive and challenging. 2．Which book is suitable for college astronomy beginners?A．Far Out: A Space-Time Chronicle B．The Backyard Astronomer’s GuideC．Astronomy: A Self-Teaching Guide D．NightWatch: A Practical Guide toViewing the Universe3．What do the four books have in common?A．They all have colorful pictures.B．They are all updated regularly.C．They are all aimed at young kids.D．They all focus on the solar system.At the beginning of Grade Two, I joined the cross-country running team in our school.When I came to the first practice, I was filled with optimism. But as the distance we ran in each practice gradually increased from three to four, to six miles, I realized with surprise that no matter how hard I tried, I wasn’t able to run as fast as others. In fact, I was one of the slowest on the team.What was the point of putting myself through so much pain? After the first few weeks, I wanted to quit.Then we had our first cross-country meet.When we started the race, I felt the great pressure of expectations sink onto my shoulders. And after a while I stopped running and struggled to walk up the hill. But then I heard my coaches shouting my name from the top of the hill. I felt confused and embarrassed; why were they cheering for me? I was running terribly! As I tried my best to finish the race, I realized that my coaches didn’t care how fast I ran. Neither did my teammates. During the rest of the season, they were always on the sidelines of every race, cheering for me just asloudly as they’d cheered for the front runner.From then on, I began to put my effort into supporting my teammates instead of focusing on my own performance. In that way, I celebrated my teammates’ victories as if they were my own; I felt their pain and exhaustion as if they were my own.Cross-country running made me realize I don’t need to be the best to be successful in life. It taught me to value my relationships with people more than my relationship with my ego. It taught me to cheer for others even if I don’t know their names.4．Why did the author want to give up after the first few weeks?A．He had much pain in his knees.B．He didn’t perform well in long-distance running.C．He couldn’t get along well with othersD．He showed no interest in running.5．Which of the following can best describe the coaches?A．Strict and hard-hearted.B．Brave and adventurous.C．Considerate and supportive.D．Optimistic and humorous.6．What did the author happen to change after his first cross-country race?A．He lost himself in victoriesB．He put more effort into his studyC．He received more support from his coachesD．He started caring about his teammates7．. What did the author realize from his experience?A．The importance of team spirit B．The value of competitionC．The secret of winning a race D．The benefits of doing sportsIt's just past 7 a.m.on a February morning in Maya Bay, several weeks after authorities reopened what is one of Thailand's most popular tourist attractions to the world for the first time since June 2018 following a massive restoration program.In the hours to follow, a slow but steady flow of tourists becomes in great numbers as dozens of tourists make their way to the white﹣sand beach, phones at the ready as they take photos. Swimming is not allowed, though visitors can take a few steps in. It's disappointing, but a huge improvement over what visitors once experienced here.Maya Bay is located in a Thailand's national park.The destination was made famous bythe 2000 film The Beach，starring Leonardo DiCaprio.As the film's popularity grew，so did tourists' desire to visit the location where much of it was shot —Maya Bay."Around 40 years ago, Maya Bay was already a tourism destination, but mainly for Thai tourists because you didn't have speedboats at that time, " says Thon, a marine biologist and professor who requested authorities to close the bay four years ago. Over the years, the number of tourists rose from less than 1, 000 to as many as 7, 000 or 8, 000 visitors a day at its peak. On average, around 5, 000 people entered the bay each day.In 2018, the Thai government closed the bay and began to restore the damaged ecosystem.Since then, Thon and a team of fellow marine experts and volunteers have replanted over 30, 000 pieces of coral, much of it grown off the coast of a nearby island. Meanwhile, the wildlife also returned and has been growing. "Only three months after we closed the bay, the blacktip sharks came back and gave birth…so there are a lot of things happening in Maya Bay."8．What do the first two paragraphs mainly tell us about Maya Bay?A．Its business hours.B．Its massive restorationC．Its huge improvement.D．Its reopening.9．What does the underlined "it" refer to in the third paragraph？A．Maya Bay.B．The 2000 film The Beach.C．Leonardo DiCaprio.D．A Thailand's national park.10．The numbers in paragraph 4 are introduced mainly to show?A．The benefit from tourism.B．The long history of Maya Bay.C．The rapid growth in tourists.D．The reason for the film's popularity.11．From the passage we learn that___________A．the protection efforts for Maya Bay was a little late.B．the protection efforts for Maya Bay has no support from the government.C．the protection efforts for Maya Bay remains to be seen whether it's useful.D．the protection efforts for Maya Bay has been effective.Did your mother ever say you’ll feel better after a good cry? It turns out Mom is right as usual-crying really is healthy. What’s more, letting yourself feel blue and accepting those feelings will help you feel better in the long run, according to a new research.In three separate studies both online and in a lab, researchers at UC Berkeley evaluated the responses from 1,300 adults regarding their psychological (心理的) health and emotional well-being(幸福感).In one study,1,000 participants filled out a survey evaluating how they felt about the statement, “I tell myself I shouldn’t be feeling the way that I’m feeling.” Those who agreed with the statement scored lower on tests of well-being. In other words, letting yourself feel bad is better for your mind and mood than trying to control negative thoughts.“We found that people who habitually accept their negative emotions experience fewer negative emotions, which adds to better psychological health,” said study senior author Iris Mauss, PhD, an associate professor of psychology at UC Berkeley in an article on the university’s website.In a society where the importance to be happy is emphasized daily on the other social media platforms, letting yourself be down in the dumps can be tough. Just remember that true happiness isn’t always what people say it is.“It turns out that how we approach our own negative emotional reactions is really important for our well-being,” said study lead author Brett Ford, PhD, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Toronto. “People who accept these emotions without judging or trying to change them are able to deal with their stress more successfully.”So next time someone tells you to “turn that frown upside down”, ignore them. Embrace your inner feelings for a while.12．How did the researchers carry out one of the studies?A．They gave the participants different tests.B．They compared their own thoughts with others.C．They studied the participants’ everyday experiences.D．They compared the participants’ thoughts and their feelings.13．What does the underlined part “be down in the dumps” in Paragraph 4 mean?A．Be lonely.B．Be depressed.C．Be positive.D．Be comfortable.14．What did Brett Ford try to show in Paragraph 5?A．It is better for people to accept negative emotions.B．We should never try to change others’ thoughts.C．People who accept themselves are happier.D．Positive people tend to be less stressed.15．What would be the best title for the text?A．Turn your frown upside downB．Crying is good for our healthC．Stop having bad feelingsD．Stop feeling the way that you’re feeling二、七选五Spring and summer are the best seasons of the year for lots of activities, especially jogging(慢跑). This kind of running is the choice of many people who live in the city, work in the office and want to keep healthy. 161. Make good preparations before jogging.17 There, you’ll have an opportunity to find and buy all the necessary sportsware. Pay attention to the selection of jogging shoes, if you don’t want to suffer from the feeling of heaviness, pain and leg swelling after the run. With all these pieces of wisdom. your body will be truly grateful to you.2. Do fitting warming-up activitiesEvery runner, especially the beginners should know that all physical activities without proper warming up can cause a terrible pain and result in harm to muscles. It will probably lead to a final discomfort in your body or even disease. 18 Actually, it usually just takes you 15 minutes to increase the range of motion of our joints and warm up every muscle of the body.3.19 When running, you usually feel physical and mental pleasure. Sometimes this pleasure can be replaced by negative feelings or even some kind of pain. No matter howhealthy you’re, you should always pay attention to how your body reacts. If something is wrong during your jog or run, the body will certainly let you know by giving you some hints(暗示). Watchfulness can help you avoid all possible aftereffects of over exercise.Every type of sport is special and useful in its own way. While jogging can sometimes bring pain and discomfort, it really offers you greater joy and satisfaction. So don’t step back.20 I hope these tips will help you prepare yourself for jogging and avoid any serious issues.A．Listen to your body signals.B．Never give in to difficulties while joggingC．However, jogging without preparation will bring great harm.D．One of the best ways to prepare is to go to specialized (专门的) shops.E．Just go in for jogging, but remember to follow the above rulesF．Therefore, you should make it a habit to warm up before joggingG．Here are some basic rules to make jogging safe, useful and comfortable三、完形填空21．A．girl B．waitress C．cook D．patient 22．A．reflect B．avoid C．appreciate D．hide 23．A．forgot B．proved C．sensed D．claimed 24．A．contact B．look C．thought D．search 25．A．happy B．curious C．nervous D．calm 26．A．great B．simple C．busy D．tough 27．A．depended on B．went against C．occurred to D．impressed on 28．A．prevented B．allowed C．signaled D．expected 29．A．afraid B．uncertain C．proud D．unaware 30．A．mind B．smile C．case D．action 31．A．eating B．reading C．checking D．recovering 32．A．instructed B．told C．reminded D．warned 33．A．awarded B．returned C．wrote D．presented 34．A．ran B．fell C．turned D．got 35．A．left B．approached C．brightened D．swept四、用单词的适当形式完成短文五、建议信46．假如你是Mike，收到好友李华e-mail了解到他刚进入高一感到迷茫，请你根据以下内容给李华写一封回信1.宽慰；2.给予建议3.邀请他去运动放松注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ________________________六、读后续写47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
安徽省安庆市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期第一次阶段性检测数学试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单选题
1．若关于 x 的不等式 x2 ax b 0 的解集是x | x 2 或 x 3 ，则 a b （ ）
7 2
三、填空题
13．已知 f x 4 x 8 x ，则 f x
.
14．若 f x 的定义域为0,9 ，则函数 g x f 3x 3x 的定义域为
．
3x
15．设 a,b > 0, a + b = 5,则 a +1+ b+3 的最大值为
．
16．若规定 E= a1,a2...a10 的子集 ak1ak2 ...,akn 为 E 的第 k 个子集，其中
0 ，则关于
a
的不等式
f
a2 2a 3
4 3
的解集为（ ）
试卷第 1页，共 4页
A． ,1 5 1 5,
C． 1 5,1 5
B． 1 5, 1 3,1 5
D． 1 5, 1 3,1 5
二、多选题
9．已知 a,b, c R ，则（ ）
A．若 a
b
0 ，则 1 1 ab
C．若a b 0 ，则 a ab b
4．命题“ a 2 ， f x x2 ax 是奇函数”的否定是（ ）
A． a 2 ， f x x2 ax 是偶函数
B． a 2 ， f x x2 ax 不是奇函数
C． a 2 ， f x x2 ax 是偶函数
D． a 2 ， f x x2 ax 不是奇函数
5．已知1 a b 2 ， 2 a b 4 ，则 3a 2b 的取值范围是（ ）
2022-2023学年安徽省安庆市第一中学高一上学期期中考试化学试题
2022-2023学年安徽省安庆市第一中学高一上学期期中考试化学试题1.下列叙述正确的是A．烧碱、小苏打、次氯酸均为电解质B．牛奶、豆浆、葡萄糖溶液均为胶体C．均属于碱性氧化物D．碘酒、泥浆水、液氨均为混合物2.垃圾分类可以有效地回收资源，把垃圾从敌人变为朋友。
同理通过分门别类的研究，可以发现物质及其变化的规律。
下列有关物质的分类正确的是A．化合物：NaOH、HD、FeCl 3B．氧化物：Na 2 CO 3、CO 2、ClO 2C．电解质：HNO 3、KOH、纯碱D．混合物：冰水混合物、碱石灰、氢氧化铁胶体3.在室温下，发生下列几种反应：①②③根据上述反应，判断下列结论错误的是A．氧化性强弱顺序为B．是的还原产物，是的氧化产物C．在溶液中可能发生反应：D．要将含有、和混合溶液中的转化为，而不氧化和，应加入4.将64 g铜放入300 mL某浓度硝酸中，当铜反应完全时，共收集到标准状况下NO、NO2混合气体22.4 L，下列说法正确的是A．硝酸在反应中只表现为强氧化性B．参加反应硝酸的物质的量为3 mol C．在反应过程中转移的电子数为3 N A D．原硝酸的浓度一定为10 mol/L5.宋代《千里江山图》描绘了山清水秀的美丽景色，历经千年色彩依然，其中绿色来自孔雀石颜料(主要成分为Cu(OH)2·CuCO3)，青色来自蓝铜矿颜料(主要成分为Cu(OH)2·2CuCO3)。
下列说法错误的是A．保存《千里江山图》需控制温度和湿度B．孔雀石、蓝铜矿颜料不易被空气氧化C．孔雀石、蓝铜矿颜料耐酸耐碱D．Cu(OH) 2 ·CuCO 3中铜的质量分数高于Cu(OH) 2 ·2CuCO 36.以菱镁矿(主要成分为MgCO3，含少量FeCO3、SiO2)为原料制备高纯氧化镁的流程如下图。
下列说法错误的是A．MgCO 3与稀硫酸反应的离子方程式为 +2H + =CO 2↑+H 2 OB．滤渣1的成分是SiO 2，滤渣2的成分是Fe(OH) 3C．加入H 2 O 2氧化时，发生反应的离子方程式为2Fe 2+ +H 2 O 2 +2H + =2Fe 3+ +2H 2 O D．实验室灼烧时使用的主要仪器有酒精灯、三脚架、泥三角、坩埚、坩埚钳等7.室温下，下列各组离子在指定溶液中能大量共存的是A．0.01mol·L -1的H 2 SO 4溶液：Na +、Fe 3+、Cl -、B．0.1mol·L -1 FeCl 2溶液：K +、Mg 2+、、C．c(H + )=0.1mol·L -1的溶液：K +、Cl -、CH 3 COO -、Cu 2+D．pH=1的溶液：K +、、、HSO 3-8.将50 g溶质质量分数为w1，物质的量浓度为c1的浓硫酸加入到V mL水中，稀释后得到溶质质量分数为w2，物质的量浓度为c2的稀溶液。
安徽省安庆市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期12月期中英语试题
安徽省安庆市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期12月期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解The New Jersey State Botanical (植物学的) Garden (NJBG) is a part of Ringwood State Park, New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry, Department of Environmental Protection. ItRenew Membership1．What’s one of the purposes of the money paid for membership?A．To provide service for the public.B．To build a new botanical museum.C．To improve the educational level of the gardeners.D．To update NJBG’s payment system.2．What benefit does the NJBG members get?A．Joining in activities for free.B．Visiting the Garden anytime.C．Learning to care for a garden.D．Buying plants at a lower price. 3．How much do you need to renew the two-year membership for you and your parents?A．$60.B．$90C．$100.D．$110.The first day of school is a special milestone for any student, but for one family in Wisconsin, it’s extra special. Two sisters Mia and Samantha, their mom Amy and grandmother Christy attended Carthage College together this fall.Amy said, “I’m really proud to be watching my daughters grow up and be more mature and have new experiences, and very happy to see my mom achieve something that she’s always wanting to do.”Mia shared that she always felt her two older role models would return to school someday. To 19-year-old Samantha, her mom and grandmother’s entry to university was rather a surprise. “It was clear that Mia and I were admitted. And then all of a sudden, they were admitted too,” Samantha remembered. “It was really surprising. And I didn’t expect it.”Amy, a mother of five children, has worked at Carthage College for over two decades and wanted to be enrolled one day. Calling herself “Carthage’s biggest fan”, she said she felt like she now had the time to pursue higher studies.As for 71-year-old Christy, she retired three years ago but is still eager to learn. In fact, she still continues to support and volunteer at local nonprofits. Christy said she was also inspired by her son Joshua, who is pursuing his second master’s degree. She has decided to go forward with a master’s degree in business, design and innovation alongside her daughter.The women are inspirational to anyone who doesn’t want their age to block their dreams. Amy advised everyone to go after what they want because life is too short. “Put that doubt aside and just go for it,” she said. Christy added, “Never hesitate to follow your fear. In my life, it has led me to my greatest opportunities and has also built my greatest strengths. If I always stayed in my comfort zone, I wouldn’t be where I am today.”A．All the family members went to the same college.B．Different generations became schoolmates.C．Twin sisters went to college with their father.D．Carthage College Amy and Christy were admitted to is very famous.5．How did Mia feel about her mother and grandmother’s attending college?A．Calm.B．Worried.C．Moved.D．Surprised. 6．What can we know about Christy from paragraph 5?A．She retired at the age of sixty.B．She has five grandchildren in all.C．Her majors are the same as Amy’s.D．Her son graduated from the same college.7．What message does the author want to convey to readers?A．Follow your heart and pursue your dream.B．Many hands make light work.C．Rome was not built in a day.D．There is no royal road to learning.In a world-record effort to help save a valuable sea creature, Australian scientists have released hundreds of baby seahorses into the wild. The tiny seahorses are endangered, and the scientists hope the new seahorses will help their numbers grow.Seahorses get their name because they look a bit like horses. They aren’t great swimmers, even though they’re fish. They often use their tails to hold onto something in the water. They mostly live in warm, shallow waters around the world. They are often found in coral reefs, in beds of seagrass, and areas where rivers empty into the sea. Seahorses form an important part of the ocean’s food chain. They eat tiny sea creatures and are eaten by bigger sea animals.Many kinds of seahorses are often threatened by the human actions. Sometimes they’re caught and sold as pets. They are also caught by accident when people are trying to catch other fish.To begin the project, scientists collected three pregnant seahorses in January. Those seahorses were brought back to the aquarium (水族馆) in Sydney. After the babies were born, the scientists kept them there for five months, feeding the baby seahorses shrimps (小虾) tohave to eat constantly.”About a month before the young seahorses were released, the scientists created eight underwater “hotels” for them. The hotels look like cages, providing a safe place for the seahorses to develop. Putting the hotels into the sea early allowed the cages to be covered with small sea life that can help provide food for the seahorses.This is the fifth time the scientists have released seahorses into the area, and this time was a record. Around 380 seahorses were released. The researchers put tiny tags (标记) under the skin of many of the seahorses to help track them in the future.8．What can be learned about seahorses from paragraph 2?A．They look exactly like horses.B．They have a gift for swimming.C．They mostly live in the deep sea.D．They feed on small sea creatures. 9．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A．The types of the seahorses.B．Living conditions the seahorses need.C．Areas the seahorses live in.D．Dangers the seahorses face.10．Why are the eight “hotels” put into the sea early?A．To differ the project from the former ones.B．To avoid danger the seahorses may face.C．To offer food to the seahorses.D．To help track the seahorses in the future.11．What can be the best title for the text?A．A New Study on Endangered SeahorsesB．Underwater “Hotels” for Baby SeahorsesC．A Record Number of Baby Seahorses Were ReleasedD．New Methods of Finding Endangered SeahorsesSocial media allow teenagers to create online identities, communicate with others and build social networks. These networks can provide teenagers with valuable support. Teenagers also use social media for entertainment and self-expression. And the platforms can expose teenagers to current events, allow them to communicate across geographic barriers and teach them about different kinds of subjects, including healthy behaviors. However, social media use can also negatively affect teenagers, distracting them, influencing their sleep,people’s lives and peer pressure.There are steps you can take to encourage responsible use of social media and limit some of its negative effects.Set reasonable limits. Talk to your teenager about how to avoid letting social media affect his or her activities, sleep, meals or homework. Encourage a bedtime routine that avoids electronic media use, and keep cellphones and iPads out of teenagers’ bedrooms. Set an example by following these rules yourself.Monitor your teenager’s accounts. Let your teenager know that you’ll be regularly checking his or her social media accounts. You might aim to do so once a week or more. And make sure you follow through.Explain what’s not OK. Discourage your teenager from gossiping, spreading rumors, bullying or damaging someone’s reputation—online or otherwise. Talk to your teenager about what is appropriate and safe to share on social media.Encourage face-to-face contact with friends. This is particularly important for teenagers who are vulnerable to social anxiety disorder.Talk about social media. Talk about your own social media habits. Ask your teenager how he or she is using social media and how it makes him or her feel. Remind your teenager that social media is full of unrealistic images.If you think your teenager is experiencing signs or symptoms of anxiety or depression related to social media use, talk to your child’s health care provider immediately.12．How does the author mainly develop the first paragraph?A．By providing reasons.B．By making comparison.C．By following the order of importance.D．By raising questions.13．What’s a better way to avoid being affected by cellphones?A．Powering them off.B．Putting them in the schoolbag.C．Keeping them out of bedroom.D．Listening to them instead of watching. 14．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 6 probably mean?A．Warm-hearted.B．Easily hurt.C．Deeply moved.D．Hard-working. 15．Who is the text written for?A．Teenagers.B．Officials.C．Teachers.D．Parents.travel.When I sit on the bike, I am free and flexible. I can stop at any time to eat or start the stove to enjoy a coffee with breathtaking views. I’m not dependent on bus or train. 17 I come to places I would never have seen. My bike makes it possible for me not to plan beforehand, which leaves space for adventure. Because adventures don’t come around the corner during a planned hotel-vacation.I am in the nature the whole day. The wind blows across my face. 18 I see monkeys hanging directly above me in the tree, whales swimming along the coast, a bear waving at us and many more animals. Smelling the blackberries, I’m stopping to fill my stomach. In the car, bus or train, I would have missed all of these.19 Some long-term cyclists spend 4,000 dollars per year or less. And I spend about 350-450 dollars a month. This is due to two reasons: I have no transport costs. And I also have the freedom of wild camping, during which I can cook for myself. All these factors contribute to a cheap travel.I could tell hundreds of stories. Because of getting to know so many people, I have experienced a lot. The travel form itself invites many to ask questions. And the best thing about it is that all these stories make me rich. I’m rich in memories, of which I always think with laughter. 20A．I listen to the birds singing.B．And they think it’s so tiring.C．It will change the way you see the world.D．I can decide for myself when and where to go.E．Before my start, I was fascinated by the bike touring community.F．Nobody can ever take them away and they are of great value to me.G．Compared to other travel forms, bike touring is one of the most affordable.二、完形填空The piano, ever since its creation, has had a great impact on the world of music. I haveThe easy guess is that I was always so purely in love with 22 and piano that I couldn’t 23 let them go, even though my life got busier. However, I used to 24 a lot with piano. Peers who played the instrument 25 placed me in competition. I felt pressure to improve and be the best to 26 myself. Gradually, my 27 in music was developed in 28 and doubt.It’s 29 to love something that you don’t choose from your heart. I didn’t choose piano; for a while, it was more of a nuisance (讨厌的事物) than a hobby. But somehow, sometime, 30 grew. By high school, I found something that made it worth it for me to 31 for my own connection to the art. And I met teachers who 32 me and helped me turn the nuisance into what I loved. I found confidence not because I got good enough but I learned that anything I had was 33 enough to be loved.The love and hate I’ve had for the piano were 34 and grown; neither existed innately (与生俱来地) nor long-lasting. If you hate something not chosen by yourself, put your devotion to it and love can make a 35 in its place.21．A．raise B．make C．save D．exchange 22．A．singing B．performance C．music D．relaxation 23．A．plan to B．bear to C．refuse to D．expect to 24．A．practice B．compare C．struggle D．gain 25．A．seldom B．hardly C．never D．often 26．A．introduce B．express C．prove D．teach 27．A．interest B．ability C．knowledge D．information 28．A．adventure B．competition C．confidence D．failure 29．A．wise B．natural C．difficult D．strange 30．A．safety B．love C．chance D．trust 31．A．care B．leave C．wait D．fight 32．A．encouraged B．thanked C．ignored D．followed 33．A．simple B．quiet C．expensive D．good 34．A．missed B．weakened C．stopped D．planted 35．A．home B．rule C．wish D．move阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
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【最新】安徽安庆市第一中学高一上学期期中考试语文试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、选择题1．下列词语中加点的字注音全都正确的一项是（）A．莅．临（nì）解剖．（pōu）屏．息（bǐnɡ）不可估量．（liánɡ）B．青荇．（xínɡ）荆棘．（jí）彷．徨（pánɡ）五彩斑斓．（lán）C．桀骜．（ào）揪．斗（jiū）租赁．（lìn）长歌当．哭（dānɡ）D．喋．血（dié）山阿．（ē）殒．身（yǔn）博闻强．记（qiánɡ）2．下列各组词语中，没有错别字的一组是（）A．驾驭内涵绿草如荫逆来顺受B．和蔼通揖峥嵘岁月浪遏飞舟C．殴打怄气直冲云霄诲人不倦D．蹒跚照相陨身不恤察言观色3．依次填入下列句子中的词语，恰当的一组是（）①们决不台湾从中国领土“独立”出去。
②他们两位素未谋面，还要请你一下。
③究竟有没有外星人呢？长期以来，这一直是人们的问题。
A．允许引荐思考B．容许引见思索C．允许引见思索D．容许引荐思考4．下列各句中加点的词语使用正确的一项是（）A．由于楼盘前临碧水，背依青山，环境十分优美，发售第一天就十室九空，销售场面十分火爆。
B．吴翔同志在敌人的监狱里受尽折磨，浑身被打得遍体鳞伤，还被灌辣椒水，你们一定要设法营救他。
C．现在的各种商品推销活动总是搞得红红火火，推销人员在推销自己的商品时总是说的天花乱坠，令人叹为观止。
D．鲁迅先生的很多杂文都是短小精悍，内容深刻，极富感染力和战斗力。
5．下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（）A．从根本上说，科技的发展，经济的振兴，乃至整个社会的进步，都取决于劳动者素质的提高和大量合格人才的培养。
B．当我们年青一代今天重温这段极为感人的片段时，就会发现他短暂而壮烈的一生，正是他那四句自勉诗的真实写照。
C．出生地历来有争议的大诗人李白，在新近出版的权威词典《中国大百科全书》中，明确认定其出生地为四川省江油市。
D．近视患者都应当接受专业医师的检查，根据检查结果选配合适的眼镜，切忌不要因为怕麻烦、爱漂亮而不戴眼镜。
6．下列句子中，标点符号使用完全正确的一项是（）A．这篇文章介绍了该厂在困境中如何瞄准国内、外市场，及时调整产品结构，改变旧的经营方式，逐步摆脱困境，最终走上健康发展道路的事迹。
B．“今天好热啊！——你什么时候去上海？”张强对刚刚进门的小王说。
“我明天一大早就走。
你有什么事要我办吗？”小王总是那么热情。
C．山下的灯把黑暗照亮了,山上的灯把黑暗照淡了，淡如烟、淡如雾、山也虚无、树也缥缈。
D．《孤独的收割人》选自《世界抒情诗选》。
顾子欣译，略有改动。
（春风文艺出版社1983年版）7．拟写对联。
上联为“梨花院落溶溶月”，下面四个句子中哪一句作为下联最恰当？（）A．柳絮池塘淡淡风 B．榆荚临窗片片雪C．带水芙蕖点点雨 D．丁香初绽悠悠云二、古代诗歌阅读阅读下面这首唐诗，完成后面小题。
归园田居其一少无适俗韵，性本爱丘山。
误落尘网中，一去三十年。
羁鸟恋旧林，池鱼思故渊。
开荒南野际，守拙归园田。
方宅十余亩，草屋八九间。
榆柳荫后檐，桃李罗堂前。
暧暧远人村，依依墟里烟。
狗吠深巷中，鸡鸣桑树颠。
户庭无尘杂，虚室有余闲。
久在樊笼里，复得返自然。
8．下面词语的解说，不正确的一项是（）A．“尘网”指的是尘世的罗网，这里喻指庸俗污浊的官场。
B．“羁鸟”、“池鱼”本指“笼中鸟”和“池中鱼”，这里是作者自喻。
C．“尘杂” 指的是尘土杂物，这一句说的是陶渊明居住环境的整洁。
D．“樊笼”原指“鸟笼”，这里比喻仕途。
9．下列对诗句的赏析，不恰当的一项是（）A．本诗运用夸张的手法，描绘了一幅恬静幽美、清新质朴的田园风光，以其毫无矫揉造作的天然之美，使人悠然神往。
B．“开荒南野际，守拙归园田”，这两句是上下诗文的过渡，既总结了上文辞官归隐的原因，又为下文描写归田后的田园生活作引子。
C．“狗吠深巷中，鸡鸣桑树颠”，这两句是化用汉乐府《鸡鸣》中“鸡鸣高树颠，狗吠深宫中”之句，描写的是一幅太平景象。
D．用“久在樊笼里，复得返自然”作结，既回答了为什么津津乐道于茅舍草木、鸡鸣狗吠，又表达了作者回归田园后的愉悦心情。
三、现代文阅读阅读下面的文章，完成小题。
冷眼看“热词”“热词”是指来源于突发事件或社会现象，经过形象、鲜明和恰当的隐喻性总结，让人们更深刻地记住关键信息的公共焦点词语。
近年来，中国互联网上流行的“热词”已不仅仅是一般意义上的新潮网络语言。
“打酱油”、“俯卧撑”乃至“被××”之类的热词从词语本身找不到任何流行的理由，而且这些词语往往不是逐渐扩散，而是瞬间的爆发。
显然这类热词不是像以往的许多网络语言那样因词语本身的娱乐性导致了流行，大多是因突发的社会事件传播得以派生，而且这类热词几乎无一例外具有较多的政治讽刺意味，反映的是社会“杯具”何其多，人们认为这是中国政治走向民主的一种方式，是中国网络政治化的一种体现。
中国的改革开放自90年代末以来进入了深水区，政治改革尤其步履维艰。
在这种现实状态下，网络的政治化可以说是公众表达的常规通道堰塞而造成的政治话语溢出现象。
而网络的确为当代中国民众提供了一种新的政治表达可能，有人因此而乐观地预言网络将成为推动中国政治民主建设进程的重要力量。
可实际上，人们上网发表意见可能是自由的，但信息如何传播却完全由不得自己，各类网络运营者操控着网络信息的传播。
热词的出现使网络传播形势有了一些改观。
一个本来难以扩大影响的社会信息，由于被人从中提炼出具有讽刺性乃至黑色幽默意味的隐喻词语而产生了“陌生化”的情景效果，随即因为网上读者的关注和分享而成为口头禅并被强力传播，进而迅速走红成为热词。
显然，热词热起来的社会学原因在于网民自发形成的积极介入态度。
在网络日益被运营者操控的形势下，这种对传播的主动介入可以说是普遍网民对“被传播”现实的一种反抗。
热词之所以会“热”，也和它的接受环境分不开。
在媒体自身权威性不够却又面对公众质疑时，许多“专家”和“权威机构”常常会冒出来强化信息的权威性。
弱势的普通民众当然无法与“专家”、“权威机构”对抗，但一些陌生词语“被××”——“被就业”、“被代表”、“被平均”等等，却凭着机智的反讽破了媒体操控者的意图。
普通民众对媒体操控者和所谓“权威”的不信任是热词走红的社会环境，但热词并非只是消极的拒绝。
许多因热词而“热”并最终引起社会重视的案例显示，网民传播热词的热情让人感受到的是一种社会关怀的激情。
这种激情来自每个网民个人的直觉和判断，来自一个人内在的同情心和正义感。
当然，信息的不对称使网民个人的判断无法完全避免错误和偏见，但这并不影响这种社会关怀的舆论价值。
这种激情的存在证明，社会上尽管充斥着欲望和不公正，但人们的心灵深处仍然有良知。
无论如何，热词的大量出现已成为中国式网络的特色景观，热词将作为有影响力的社会表情符号构成我们这个时代的记忆。
10．下列关于“热词”的表述，不符合原文意思的一项是（）A．“热词”是一种新潮网络语言，它的出现被认为与中国政治走向民主有关。
B．“热词”往往不是逐渐扩散，而是从本身找不到任何理由就瞬间爆发。
C．“打酱油”、“被××”之类“热词”的流行，与词语本身是否有娱乐性无关。
D．一个社会信息被人有意加工而产生“陌生化”的情景效果后，才会成为“热词”。
11．下列理解，不符合原文意思的一项是（）A．人们能在网上自由地发表意见，但由于网络信息的传播受各类网络运营者的操控，这些意见的传播是不自由的。
B．具有讽刺意味的“被传播”，表现出了主动介入传播的普通网民对网络运营者操控网络信息传播的一种反抗。
C．网民传播热词的热情，能使某些案例因热词而“热”并最终引起社会的重视，并使人感受到网民社会关怀的激情。
D．传播热词的网民所展现了的社会关怀的舆论价值，不会由于其个人判断出现错误和偏见而受到影响。
12．下列理解和分析，不符合原文内容的一项是（）A．热词的出现和流行表明，政治改革进入深水区和网络为中国民众提供一种政治表达可能之间存在着联系。
B．从热词的接受环境看，某些媒体操纵者强化信息权威性的意图，常常会被随后出现的热词凭着机智的反讽破坏。
C．当媒体操控者和所谓“权威”得到普通民众的信任后，热词就会逐渐变“凉”并最终淡出人们的视野。
D．热词的中国互联网上流行的现象有着中国特色，热词本身所体现的时代特点也会留在人们的记忆。
阅读下面文章，按照要求回答问题。
苏堤三月好读书庞井君①昨晚淅淅沥沥的小雨，阻了我月游西湖的打算，却撩起了一个人晨读苏堤的向往。
今晨五点多，雨刚停，天还黑着，我便悄悄起了床，一人、一书、一相机，穿着凉凉淡淡的幽暗，出刘庄，入花港，不一会儿，便欣然融入苏堤的轻烟薄雾之中了。
②晨雾中的苏堤，恰如甜甜静静的西子，还浸润在清清浅浅的梦里。
微风轻拂，细浪漫摇，我似乎感觉到了她那细细匀匀的律动，还有弥漫在空气中诱人的气息。
薄薄的雾给她搭起了一层轻柔的帷帐，将高处的天、远处的山和外面的楼阁都罩开了，就连不远处的湖心亭也变成了洁白宣纸上润出的一片湿湿的墨痕，朦朦胧胧的，看不真切。
看真切的是她樱雪的肌肤，桃花的面庞，春波的眸子，海棠的朱唇，翠柳的腰身。
悄悄地走近她，有如闯进了一个绝世离尘的仙境③雨后的苏堤，又如一幅古雅清新的水墨长卷，融融的，润润的，仿佛刚刚画完一般。
画卷随着我轻盈的行走和流盼的目光徐徐展开，一步一画，一眸一景，帧帧撩人心扉。
柳条吐芽，点点鹅黄；海棠浴露，颗颗红玉；桃花满树，朵朵云霞。
樱花则一边开，一边落，向着似有似无的风儿，飘洒着片片幽婉的情思。
黄莺儿在花枝上一边跳，一边叫，不断地把新的消息告诉我。
鱼儿绕着刚刚出水的几根芦草，款款游动，时隐时现，偶尔也轻盈地跳出水来，荡出一圈淡淡的涟漪。
燕子低低地掠过湖面，清越地鸣叫着，激起了人心底一丝丝清凉的喜悦。
几只野鸭子结着伴儿悄悄地从水雾中钻出来，在刚刚拂到水面的柳条下穿来穿去。
这一幅幅图画让人激起创作的冲动。
④心灵映照下的苏堤，的确更像一卷耐读的诗书。
踏着湿湿软软的小径，缓缓前行，边走边读。
读手中之书，也读苏堤这本书。
读苏堤要用心灵的眼睛和精神的想象。
小桥边，柳荫下，芦苇丛，花枝上，不知凝结着多少作家绵延千年的文学意象；一丝清风，一道水痕，一片云雾，一声鸟鸣，不知传送着多少英杰超越时空的精神气韵。
这意象，这气韵，不单弥漫凝结在苏堤上，也一缕缕充盈涌动在我的心田里。
她们牵着我的脚步，牵着我的目光，牵着我的遐思，进入愈来愈幽深美妙的境地。
⑤最让人凝神的惟有苏堤所诱发的心灵波动和精神遐想。
这儿的一切似乎很熟悉，身边这棵绿叶扶疏的老梅，在那么一个雪霁花开的月夜，一定深深地拨动了金冬心的灵感吧！要不然他怎么会画出那样气韵生动、风神满纸的白梅图呢？怎么会吟出这样冷隽幽雅、清丽绝尘的诗句呢？“老梅愈老愈精神，水店山楼若有人。