高考英语语法——被动语态(共27张PPT)

spring.
14
过去将来完成时的被动 语态
would have+been+done
现在完成时：would have+ done been
+被动语态：
be done
现在完成时的被动语态：would have+
+done
He said that the book would have been finished by eight o'clock.
过去分词前有very、too、so等程度副词修饰，该结构为系表结构。
She is very pleased.
He was so frightened.
am/is/are+being+done
现在进行时：am/is/are+ v-ing being
+被动语态：
be done
现在进行时的被动语态： am/is/are+
+done
We are painting the rooms.
The rooms are being painted.
8
过去进行时的被动语态
The door won't open. The table can't move.
23
与副词well、easily连用的动词：read、write、wash、clean、 burn、sell、open、cut、lock等，表示主语的特点和属性。
The pen writes smoothly. The coat washes well. The novel sells well. The room doesn't clean easily.
21
We elect her monitor of our class.
She is elected monitor of our class.
Workers painted the house white.
The house was painted white.
My mother makes me go to school alone today.
I am made to go to school alone today.
I saw the thief escape from the room.
The thief was seen to escape from the room.
We watched the boy playing by the river.
被动语态表示动作；系表结构表示特点、状态或性质。
The book is written by a famous expert.（被动语态） The book is well written.（系表结构） The problem is settled quickly.（被动语态） The problem is settled.（系表结构）
9
现在完成时的被动语态
have/has+been+done
现在完成时：have/has+ done been
+被动语态：
be done
现在完成时的被动语态： have/has+
+done
Someone has told me the sports meeting Leabharlann ight be putoff.
I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.
当宾语是动词不定式或动名词时，不能构成被动句。
I like to have a trip tomorrow.（正） To have a trip is liked by me tomorrow.（误） He enjoys talking with others.（正） Talking with others is enjoyed by him.（误）
The leader said that the project would have been completed
15
含情态动词的被动语态
情态动词+be+done
情态动词+ do
be
+被动语态： be done
含情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词+
+done
You must hand in your compositions after class.
The professor came in and was warmly welcomed.（连贯）
5 The professor came in and we welcomed him warmly.（不
连贯）
被动语态的各种形式
一般现在时的被动语态
am/is/are+done
People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country.
高考英语语法 被动语态
1
孩子吃苹果 打碎玻璃
苹果被吃了
玻璃被打碎了
2
语态
（语态主要说 明主语和谓语 之间的主动或 者被动关系）
主动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 被动语态 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
3
被动语态的构成
be/get+done（及物动词的过去分词）
The bridge was built last year (by the workers).
将来完成时的被动语态
will have+been+done
现在完成时：will have+ done been
+被动语态：
be done
现在完成时的被动语态： will have+
+done
The supper will have been cooked before you go back.
The film will have been played ten times by next
The boy was watched playing by the river.
22
感官类系动词用主动语态表示被动含义。
The song sounds very beautiful. Flowers smell sweet. The man looks strong.
某些和can't、won't等连用的及物动词，如open、close、lock、 shut、move等。
want、require、need、deserve、stand、bear和worth等后面 用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。
The bike needs repairing. =The bike needs to be repaired. The book is worth reading.
24
VS
宾语是反身代词时不能改成被动句。
She blamed herself.（正） Herself was blamed.（误） I absented myself from the meeting.（正） Myself was absented from the meeting.（误）
17
宾语是相互代词时，不能改成被动句。
19
主动语态变为被动语态
20
Father bought me a new bike. I was bought a new bike. A new bike was bought for me. The man gives me a lot of useful advice. I am given a lot of useful advice. A lot of useful advice is given to me.
They love each other.（正） Each other is loved by them.（误） We should help one another.（正） One other should be helped by us.（误）
宾语是同源宾语时，一般不能构成被动语态。
He lived a happy life. =He lived happily.（正） A happy life was lived by him.（误） She dreamt a sweet dream.（正） A sweet dream was dreamt by her.（误）
would+be+done
一般将来时：would+ do
be
+被动语态：
be done
过去将来时的被动语态： would+
+done
They would complete the project by the end of the
year.
The project would be completed by the end of the year. 13
18
表示地点、方向、长度、价格等意义的宾语时，不用被动语态。
He left home for school.（正） Home was left for school by him.（误） The elephant weighs one ton.（正） One ton is weighed by the elephant.（误）
10
过去完成时的被动语态
had+been+done
现在完成时：had+ done been