艺术类考生的高考英语复习

艺术类考生的高考英语复习
艺术类考生的高考英语复习

一、多练--少钻研语法知识高考主要考的是运用。不少同学把学习英语的时间花在研究语法的细节和讨论单项选择题上,而对运用英语,特别是听力、写作和阅读的训练则不甚重视。这些同学的复习方向其实不大对头。English is best learnt when always used in meaningful communication. 学习英语要坚持模仿为主,理论分析为辅,不要过分钻研为什么。

认真看看2004 至2007 年的高考试题,我们就会明白,高考考查的主要内容不是关于英语的各项知识的说明,而是对语言的实际运用。也就是说,主要是看你是否听得懂,读得准,写得明白。即使是单项选择与短文改错也不是死考语法知识,而是在活的情景中考查应用。热衷于钻研语法理论的同学要赶快转变方向,立即开始练听、练读、练写。我们学的英语其实是一门技术,一种技能。它不需要懂很多理论,不需要总是问个为什么,却需要大量的实践。听说读写,要天天练习。有空多做,太忙了少做,但决不能不做。停一天就把前三天练出的感觉丢了。每天至少阅读2-4 篇小短文,听十分钟英语,写五个句子,要一直坚持到2008年6月7日晚上。

二、多做高考题-- 少做模拟题最后两个多月,应多做一些练习题。主要应该做2004 年至2007 年的各地高考试题。这些题共65 套,每一套题都是练习的精品。首先,它们是高考命题专家命制的,全卷准确地体现了考试说明所要求的难度、信度、区分度和对考生知识与能力的要求。其次,它们都经

过了全国各地高考实践的检验。在我们即将参加高考的时刻,我们该从哪里得到高考的准确信息呢?惟一可靠的来源就是历届高考试题。因此,考生除了研究本地高考试题外,也要做做其他地区的试题,这对我们全面把握高考试题的特点是很有好处的。

少做模拟题,不是不做,但主要的时间应花在近四年的65 套题上。现在有的模拟题质量不高,有的过难或过易,有的有语法错误,有的没遵循考纲的词汇要求,随意扩大范围,有的靠语法怪题吸引别人。这些题充其量是形似高考而神不似。

三、多看高考词汇表-- 少看课外词有的学生还不太明白,高考范围与现行教材并不是一致的。比如人教社高三课本中就有不少单词不属于高考范围。目前记单词主要应该记高考词汇表上的词汇。各地指导考试的考试说明是活的教学大纲,是最权威的考试信息来源。要认真学习这个说明上的解释、样

题,甚至评分标准。考试说明上的词汇表是高考命题的基础,是应该重点掌握的词汇。这个词汇表上的许多名词可归类为阅读词汇,知道意思,会拼写会识别即可。但常用的动词、介词、连词、名词、形容词和副词等则必须做到四会。学习词汇表不要照搬词典,词典的解释太繁杂了,高考用不上。学习单词要坚持词不离句、句不离文的原则。在句子中记忆,在句子中理解,在句子中

运用。

四、多做基础题-- 少钻研难题无论什么考试,基础的东西都是最重要的。现在的高考,由于各地录取率大大高于前些年,而学生的英语水平又在逐年提高,高考试题对大部分考生来说并不是偏难的。既然如此,英语高考的成功就取决于中低档题的成功率。考生应努力做到保证拿到基础题的分,力争

难题的分。在复习中,一定要结合实际情况安排练习的难度。如果水平不是很高,就一定要以练习基础题为主,不要嫌容易,不要跟别人攀比。要把基础词汇、基本句型弄扎实,做到懂、会、熟。越临近高考越要降低难度。有人以为做多难的练习就能达到多高的水平,其实并不是这样,这也要看学生原来的基础。要记住:基础题反复做,错题重做,怪题不做。

五、多练阅读和写作-- 少做单选

关于阅读

1. 谁阅读棒谁就考得棒。得阅读者得天下。阅读是从文字中获取信息的能力。它比听说获取的信息可以更复杂、更深刻、更精确。它是高考中做好各个题型的基础。因此练好阅读决非一日之功。高三这一年不读几百篇文章,就无法在高考中取得好成绩。

2. 练习阅读的文章主要是五类,即故事、科普文章、新闻报道、人文历史以及广告、药品说明书等。

3. 速度要求:35 分钟内完成五篇文章并答题。总长度在2000 词左右。

4. 阅读的要求是不仅要理解每句话表面的意思,还要理解深层含义,如幽默之处,作者的情感以及话外之意。在做阅读理解题时要学会准确概括文章的中心意思、主要观点,不能以偏概全。

5. 要坚持精读泛读相结合。有的文章要精读,弄清每一句的结构,每个词的含义,还要回答文章后的问题。有的泛泛一看,了解大意即可。不要查辞典,也不做题。泛读对增强语感好处甚多,不会泛读的人,就不会掠读(skimming )和跳读(sean),也可以说不会阅读。

6. 阅读中的语言技巧,主要是长句的结构分析、辨别词性词义、识别动词形式反应不同的时态、语态、语气的差异、后置定语、关联词

语以及省略、替代和跳跃等。

7. 适当做一些朗读。阅读分朗读和默读,我们这里说的阅读,主要指默读,但朗读也是很有益处的。朗读可以把词语的音形义结合起来,可以通过语音、语调的变化加深对文章的理解,可以帮助记忆,可以增加口语能力。把一些好的篇章反复诵读,其乐无穷。

8. 纠正阅读中的不好习惯。有同学在阅读时边看边小声念,这不好,会

影响速度和思考。有的是逐词看,即点读。要扩大眼幅,练习phrase-reading ,即一眼读一个短语。有的不时回读,这样做太浪费时间。要大胆看下去,看到后边,前边的就好理解了。此外,阅读时也不宜有伴随动作,如摇头、晃腿等。

关于书面表达

1. 高考要求写的作文,主要有六项,即记叙事件、描写人物、介绍某地、表述看法、图表与数字说明和活动安排等。

2. 高考的作文是有控制的写作( controlled writing 或guided composition )。字数限定在80-120 个词,内容则通过图画、图表或文字提示给予限定。

3. 要从最基本的句型练起。英语的基本句型就五个,它们是:

A、主语+谓语+宾语,如:I love Chi na.

B、主语+ 谓语,如:It happe ned yesterday.

C、主语+系表结构,如:The book is easy.

D、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语,如:The teacher asked me

to read it.

E、主语+ 谓语+ 双宾语,如:He gave me a book yesterday.

4 .可以先练习写五句话,练习写简单句,而且尽量用常用词。把重点放在意思表达准确上。注意英语学习的一个规矩:用你听过的话来说,用你读过的句子来写,不要生造中国式的英文。

5. 写完作文,自己先练习纠正错误,重点看看动词使用是否准确。自己改错后,如能让老师或同学改改更好。

6. 有了一定写作基础的同学,不要满足于简单句的写作,要练习在必要的时候,用上复杂结构。所谓复杂结构,主要包括:定语从句、强调句型、倒装句、非谓语动词短语、虚拟语气以及后置定语等。如能用上一些惯用表达或精彩格言、谚语,也会使文章增色不少。

7. 文章是靠连词把句子串起的,恰当地使用连接词语,会使文章通顺、流畅、主题突出。

8. 背诵和抄写地道的英语小文章,练习句型转换、汉译英以及短文

填空,都是学习写作的有效方法。

六、多背句型短语-- 少思考练练背背是英语学习的主要方法。学英语,准备高考不背诵不死记一些东西是不行的。有同学很喜欢思考,借用学习物理和数学的方法,力求想明白每一个语言现象。其实,许多说法和写法并没什么道理,人家就是那么个习惯,我们模仿下来就可以了。学英语的基本做法是

模仿为主,对语言理论的理解为辅。

那么应该背什么呢?我建议在最后这两个多月里,背以下四项内容:一是高考词汇表;二是写作中可能用到的漂亮句子;三是六篇范文(可从65 套高考题中选,议论、写人、写事、写地方、数字图表和活动安排各一篇);四是已登记的错题。谁能把这四项记死记牢,谁就能考出好成绩七、多研究答题与应试规律-- 少猜题押题

以下几点在高考时就要注意:

听力

1. 考试前听10-20 分钟英语磁带,目的是热身,使英语思维活跃起来。

2. 提前入场,心中背诵英语小短文。

3. 做听力测试时,要学会边听边适当作笔记(数字、地名、人名等),学会抓住关键词,学会根据听到的只言片语预测下边的内容,并力争在录音播放前先读一下所问问题,因为带着问题听容易抓住主要信息。此外,听力练习时的心理稳定、注意力集中也很重要。

单选

1. 单选做题10 分钟,不可恋战。

2. 用还原法做以下几类题:被动、强调、倒装、虚拟、疑问、省略、插入、感叹。

3. 高考单选重点题目:共15 个题。一般情况下包括:时态语态3 个题,非谓语动词2 个题,以下都是一个题:冠词、口语交际、代词、介词、情态动词、形容词、副词、倒装强调、动词辨析、短语动词、从句。

完形填空

1. 完形填空用时20-25 分钟。

2. 要先粗读一次, 了解大意,但不做具体填充。

3. 具体做题时第一遍把有把握的几个空填出,第二遍再逐个解决。

4. 细读第一句, 因为高考完形的第一句一般不挖空。最后一句也常常概括了全文的主题,对理解全文意义重大。

5. 注意连接词语, 体会文章脉络,读后豁然开朗,则说明理解了全文。

6. 判断时可根据词语搭配、动作顺序、因果关系来断定。

7. 判断时不但要联系本句,还要看前后句。注意后线索现象。

8. 选择最佳答案,其他答案在语法上一般也是对的。

9. 高考完形20个题中一般名词6-7个,动词6-7 个,其余为形容词或连词等。

阅读理解

1. 阅读理解用时35-40 分钟。时间一到务必结束阅读,开始写作。

2. 高考一般考5 篇文章,涉及人物、事件、科普、议论和广告说明书等,总词数2000-2200 。

3. 第一、第二和第五篇较易,第三和第四较难。英语水平不高的学生可先做第一、二、五篇,时间不够可放弃感觉最难的一篇。

4. 阅读时注意六大难点:长句的分析、词性词义的辨别、连词、代词、后置定语和非谓语动词所表达的含义。

5. 不改变平时做题习惯,可先看文后答题,也可先看题再读文。广告之类应用文宜先看题再到原文找答案。

6. 20 个问题以主旨题和推理判断题为主。

7. 主旨题干扰项的特点是“太大太小太胡说”。可参照2006 江苏题March Family 一文。

8. 段落主旨题看首尾句。全文主旨题看首尾段和文章标题。

9. infer 类题的特点是“没明说,有痕迹”。

10. 猜词要回到原文中。英语的特点是“没有上下文就没有词义”。短

文改错

1. 一般十个题的分布是无错一个,多词少词2-3 个,错词6-7 个。

2. 先通读全文,再具体判断。

3. 判断时要注意上下行,甚至全文。

4. 答题要规范,画线、画勾等按要求办。

5. 逻辑推理题注意人称和动词、肯定和否定。书面表达

1. 作文用时20-30 分钟。

2. 注意字数要求。

3. 书写要工整。注意书面表达答题卡的正反面。写字不要出格。

4. 写作步骤:审题--时态--内容要点--草稿--抄写--复核(动词)

5. 写作主要考察:内容、逻辑、语言。

6. 如有参考词汇,要尽量用上。如需自己发挥,注意内容要积极向上。

7. 对比类(新旧事物,正反观点,数据)。

8. 注意写好第一句。警惕结尾时容易出错。

9. 防止三大重点语法错误:名词单复数,动词形式,主谓一致。

10. 准确传达信息是第一位的。

11. 可能的话使句型多样,如变换长短句、单句复合句、词性、主动被动等。

12. 常用连词30个(详见附录)。

八、多一点主动和自信--少一点被动和自卑英语水平的提高,应试能力的进步,主要取决于学生自己的努力,不是教师的讲解。有同学把自己学不好英语的责任都推给老师,这是不对的。学会自主学习是最重要的。

所谓自主学习,就是学生要具有学好英语的欲望,在老师的指导下能自己确定恰当的目标,自己安排进程,自己设计活动,自己克服困难,自己监督自己,自己总结经验。课上课下听老师的话是对的,但要有主动性,作学习的主人。针对自己特点的复习才是最有成效的。

建议同学们在课外自己找事做。老师留的作业做完了,就应该自己找文章阅读,找磁带练听或随手写点什么,决不能老师不说自己就不干。课上的时间也要利用好。一个班五六十人,老师上课时不可能人人都关照到。当老师为英语较差的同学解释的时候,你就可以看看别的题,把每一分钟都利用好。

最后两个多月任务繁重,充满信心,斗志昂扬是十分重要的。特别是英语较差的同学,应该看到最能提高分数的是他们,因为从70分提高到90分并不难,努力两个多月完全可以做到。要多看自己的进步,多下工夫,脚踏实地,相信自己的目标一定能实现。

少做模拟题,不是不做,但主要的时间应花在近四年的65套题上。现

在有的模拟题质量不高,有的过难或过易,有的有语法错误,有的没遵循考纲的词汇要求,随意扩大范围,有的靠语法怪题吸引别人。这

些题充其量是形似高考而神不似。三、多看高考词汇表-- 少看课

外词有的学生还不太明白,高考范围与现行教材并不是一致的。比如人教社高三课本中就有不少单词不属于高考范围。目前记单词主要应该记高考词汇表上的词汇。各地指导考试的考试说明是活的教学大纲,是最权威的考试信息来源。要认真学习这个说明上的解释、样题,甚至评分标准。考试说明上的词汇表是高考命题的基础,是应该重点掌握的词汇。这个词汇表上的许多名词可归类为阅读词汇,知道意思,会拼写会识别即可。但常用的动词、介词、连词、名词、形容词和副词等则必须做到四会。学习词汇表不要照搬词典,词典的解释太繁杂了,高考用不上。学习单词要坚持词不离句、句不离文的原则。在句子中记忆,在句子中理解,在句子中运用。四、多做基础题--少钻研难题

无论什么考试,基础的东西都是最重要的。现

在的高考,由于各地录取率大大高于前些年,而学生的英语水平又在逐年提

高,高考试题对大部分考生来说并不是偏难的。既然如此,英语高考的成功就取决于中低档题的成功率。考生应努力做到保证拿到基础题的分,力争难题的分。在复习中,一定要结合实际情况安排练习的难度。如果水平不是很高,就一定要以练习基础题为主,不要嫌容易,不要跟别人攀比。要把基础词汇、基本句型弄扎实,做到懂、会、熟。越临近高考越要降低难度。有人以为做多难的练习就能达到多高的水平,其实并不是这样,这也要看学生原来的基础。要记住:基础题反复做,错题重做,怪题不做。

五、多练阅读和写作--少做单选关于阅读 1. 谁阅读棒谁就考

得棒。得阅读者得天下。阅读是从文字中获取信息的能力。它比听说获取的信息可以更复杂、更深刻、更精确。它是高考中做好各个题型的基础。因此练好阅读决非一日之功。高三这一年不读几百篇文章,就无法在高考中取得好成绩。 2.练习阅读的文章主要是五类,即

故事、科普文章、新闻报道、人文历史以及广告、药品说明书等。

3. 速度要求:35 分钟内完成五篇文章并答题。总长度在2000 词左右。

4. 阅读的要求是不仅要理解每句话表面的意思,还要理解深层含义,如幽默之处,作者的情感以及话外之意。在做阅读理解题时要学会准确概括文章的中心意思、主要观点,不能以偏概全。

5.要坚

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