大学英语实用写作教程Chapter seven Letters
英语函电 Chapter 7
to apply to all shipments to effect shipment the ready-made blouse to pay compensation to indemnify from the insurance company to be seaworthy to sustain losses on account of … our candid statement a sensitive subject
New words and expressions in phrase contexts
C7.3, FTL • 适用于所有装运 • 完成装货 • 现成的女衬衫 • 支付赔偿金 • 得到保险公司的 赔偿 • 适于航海 • 遭受损失 • 由于 • 我们坦白的陈述 • 敏感的话题
• • • • • • • • • •
Chapter 7
BEC
• It is a usual practice in the import and export trade that the letter of credit is to be established and reach the seller one month prior to the date of shipment so that the seller can have ample time to make preparations for shipment, such as making the goods ready and booking shipping space.
Chapter 7
BEC
• 7.1.4. Different Ways of Packing • (1) Bale (大捆 : A heap of material 大捆) 大捆 pressed together and tied with rope or metal wire, suitable for paper, wool, cotton, and carpets, etc. • (2) Bag: Made of cotton, plastic, paper or jute (黄麻), ideal for cement, fertilizer, flour, chemicals, etc. • (3) Barrel/Drum: Made of wood, plastic or metal, used for liquid or greasy cargoes.
推荐：大学英语六级考试短文写作教材（七）_英语六级作文
推荐：大学英语六级考试短文写作教材（七）七、句型写作练习（一）并列句两个或两个以上的简单句用等立连词或用分号、冒号、逗号等连在一起构成的句子叫并列句。
常用的等立连词有and, or, but, so, for, neither, nor, while, whereas等。
用括号中的连接词连接下面各组句子。
1) It was a cold snowy day.He had no money left for food. (and)2) Hurry up.You’ll be late. (or)3) It rained heavily last night.I went to the show anyway. (but)4) I enjoy classical music.She enjoys classical music, too. (so)5) He must be ill.He is absent today. (for)6） Some people waste food.Others haven’t enough. (while)7) She is fat.Her husband is thin. (whereas)8) She cannot read.She cannot write, either. (neither)（二）复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句所构成的句子结构叫做复合句，也叫主从复合句。
从句由关联词引导，关联词将从句与主句联系在一起。
根据其在复合句中的作用，从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句、状语从句和同位语从句。
名词从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在句子中的作用相当于名词通常在句中所起的作用，因此统称为名词从句。
引导名词从句的关联词，主要有三类：1. 主从连词：that（无词义），whether（是否），if（是否）2. 连接代词：who（谁），whom（谁），whose（谁的），what（什么），which（哪一个，哪一些）3. 连接副词：when（什么时候），where（什么地方），why （为什么），how（怎样）主从连词只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词除了起连接作用外，还充当句中某一个成分。
写作ChapterSeven精品PPT课件
Introduction
Whenever you write, consider your specific audience, that is, the people who will read what you have written. Knowing who you’re writing to is fundamental to the success of any message, which will help you to communicate clearly and effectively. Analyzing your audience is important for more reasons than simply determining the content and approach of your message. The recipient of your message should influence even the medium you choose for delivering it. The statement and supporting details we want to use to support them depends heavily on our audience’s interest and our understanding of them. The attitude that we express
Adopting a Reasonable Tone
and she doesn’t intend to start now. To attract a female, a fiddler crab has to stand on tiptoe and brandish his claw in the air. If any female in the neighborhood is interested—and you’d be surprised how many are notshe comes over and engages him in light badinage, for which he is not in the mood. As many as a hundred females may pass the time of day with him and go on about their business. By nightfall of an average courting day, a fiddler crab who has been standing on tiptoe for eight or ten hours waving a heavy claw in the air is in pretty sad shape. As in the case of the males of all species, however, he gets out of bed next morning, dashes some water on his face, and tries again.
综合教程2 Unit7 Letter to a B student
$
Text comprehension
★ To lose, to fail, to go under, to go broke… in the future.
Paraphrase:
Being unsuccessful in one’s life and career and financially disadvantaged is regarded as shameful or even sinful because in this world people tend to think that only those who are successful now can be saved from evil in the fu失tu利re失. 败，倾家荡产是很可怕的过错，因为在当今世界，人们认
Each of the seven deadly sins has an opposite among corresponding seven holy virtues. In parallel order to the sins, the seven holy virtues are humanity, charity, chastity, patience, temperance, kindness and diligence.
considering it in relation to other things
正确对待
take sth at face value : to accept sth for what Piat raappgerarasp h 3
$
Text comprehension
★ Lacking more precise meassurement tools,we must interpret your B …… mastery of the subject.
七级英文作文模板及范文
七级英文作文模板及范文Title: Seven-Level English Essay Template and Sample。
Introduction。
Introduce the topic of the essay。
Provide a brief overview of what will be discussed in the essay。
Body Paragraph 1: Introduction to the Topic。
Define the topic of the essay。
Explain why it is important or relevant。
Provide some background information or context。
Sample:The seven-level English essay template is a useful tool for students who are learning to write essays in English. It provides a clear structure for organizing ideas and arguments, making it easier for students to express themselves coherently and effectively.Body Paragraph 2: Overview of the Seven Levels。
Explain the seven levels of the essay template。
Provide a brief description of each level。
Sample:The seven levels of the essay template include the introduction, thesis statement, supporting arguments, counterarguments, refutation, conclusion, and conclusion. Each level serves a specific purpose in the essay, helping to guide the reader through the writer's argument.Body Paragraph 3: Introduction。
实用英语写作教材
实用英语写作教材Title: Effective English Writing Skills for Practical ApplicationIntroductionIn today's globalized world, the ability to communicate effectively in English is a crucial skill that can open doors to countless opportunities. Whether you are a student, a professional, or someone looking to improve your personal communication, mastering practical English writing skills is essential. This guide aims to provide you with a comprehensive understanding of the key components of English writing and offer strategies to enhance your writing skills for practical application.Chapter 1: The Fundamentals of English WritingTo become a proficient writer in English, it is essential to have a solid grasp of the fundamentals. This includes anunderstanding of grammar, sentence structure, vocabulary, and punctuation.1.1 GrammarGrammar is the set of rules that govern the structure of sentences, phrases, and words in English. Mastering grammaris crucial as it ensures that your writing is clear, coherent, and easy to understand. Some key areas to focus on include subject-verb agreement, tense consistency, and proper use of articles.1.2 Sentence StructureVarying your sentence structure can make your writingmore engaging and interesting to read. Simple sentencesconsist of a subject, verb, and object. Compound sentencesjoin two or more independent clauses using coordinating conjunctions like 'and,' 'but,' or 'or.' Complex sentences include one or more dependent clauses introduced bysubordinating conjunctions such as 'because,' 'although,' or'since.'1.3 VocabularyA rich vocabulary allows you to express your ideas more precisely and vividly. To expand your vocabulary, read widely, use a dictionary to look up unfamiliar words, and practice using new words in your writing.1.4 PunctuationPunctuation helps to organize your thoughts and clarify your meaning. Common punctuation marks include periods, commas, apostrophes, colons, and semicolons. Each mark has a specific function and should be used appropriately to ensure clear communication.Chapter 2: Planning and Organizing Your WritingBefore you begin writing, it is important to plan and organize your ideas. This will help you to write with clarity and coherence.2.1 BrainstormingBrainstorming is a technique used to generate ideas and stimulate creativity. You can brainstorm by jotting down any thoughts that come to mind related to your topic, without worrying about their relevance or order.2.2 OutliningOutlining involves creating a framework for your writing by organizing your ideas into main points and supporting details. This can be done in a traditional outline format or in a more flexible mind map.2.3 Thesis StatementYour thesis statement is a clear, concise statement that summarizes the main point or argument of your writing. Itshould be included in your introduction and serve as a guide for the rest of your text.Chapter 3: Writing Techniques for Clarity and Coherence Once you have planned your writing, it is time to focus on the techniques that will make your text clear and easy to follow.3.1 Paragraph StructureA well-structured paragraph typically includes a topic sentence, supporting sentences, and a concluding sentence. The topic sentence introduces the main idea of the paragraph, while the supporting sentences provide evidence or elaboration. The concluding sentence summarizes the paragraph's main point or transitions to the next paragraph.3.2 Cohesive DevicesCohesive devices are words or phrases that connect ideas within and between paragraphs. They include transitionalwords (e.g., 'however,' 'therefore'), pronouns (e.g., 'it,' 'they'), and conjunctions (e.g., 'and,' 'but'). Using cohesive devices effectively can improve the flow and comprehensibility of your writing.3.3 Editing and RevisingEditing and revising are essential steps in the writing process. Editing involves checking for errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Revising involves reevaluating the content and structure of your writing to ensure that your message is clear and effective. It may involve adding or deleting information, reorganizing paragraphs, or refining your thesis statement.Chapter 4: Advanced Writing StrategiesAs you become more comfortable with the basics of English writing, you can start to explore more advanced strategies to enhance your writing skills.4.1 Rhetorical DevicesRhetorical devices are techniques used to create a powerful impact on your reader. Examples include metaphors, similes, alliteration, and personification. These devices can add depth and interest to your writing, making it more memorable and persuasive.4.2 Tone and StyleThe tone of your writing reflects the attitude you take toward your subject and your audience. It can range from formal to informal, serious to humorous. Your style is the way you express yourself through your writing, including your word choice, sentence length, and organization. Being aware of your tone and style allows you to tailor your writing to suit different contexts and purposes.4.3 Persuasive WritingPersuasive writing aims to convince the reader to accept a particular viewpoint or take a specific action. To write persuasively, you need to present compelling arguments supported by evidence, address counterarguments, and use emotional appeals when appropriate.ConclusionMastering practical English writing skills is a journey that requires dedication, practice, and an understanding of the key principles outlined in this guide. By focusing on the fundamentals of grammar, sentence structure, vocabulary, and punctuation, and by planning and organizing your writing with clarity and coherence, you can develop your writing skills to a high level. Additionally, by incorporating advanced strategies such as rhetorical devices, adjusting your tone and style, and learning persuasive techniques, you canfurther enhance your writing and adapt it to various contexts and purposes. Remember, practice makes perfect, so continueto write regularly and seek feedback to refine your skills. With commitment and effort, you can become a highly skilled and effective English writer.。
商务英语写作Chapter 7
Don’t ballyhoo. Thunder is only a big noise; a bolt of lightning gets attention. Don’t speak ill of your competitors. Show the readers what you can do, not what others cannot do.
Notes: In preparing sales letter, you should first of all determine the central selling points and benefits. Selling point means the most attractive features of a product or service Customer benefits mean particular advantages buyers will realize from those features. Selling points and benefits can be identified by analyzing the product and the potential buyers.
Four steps of writing sales letter
To get the customers’ attention or curiosity. You need to think about in what logical, appropriate way you can win a little favor with reader at the start—enough that he or she is willing to read on. To arouse interest. You need to present convincing evidence of the value of the product, service, or idea so that your audience will develop a deeper and more sustained interest that he or she had at the start. In this stage, you are not trying to make the sale—simply paving the way. .
写作教程第2版课件u7
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The single-cause-and-multiple-effect pattern works best with issues that turn out to be far-reaching or influential. It can bring into sharp focus the relationship between causes and effects of an issue under discussion.
• 2. What are the organizational characteristics of the paragraph? • The paragraph is organized on a pattern of single effect and multiple causes. After the problem is clearly presented at the beginning, the rest of the paragraph is devoted to the exploration of its causes. Altogether three major causes are discussed, from the obvious fact of the abandoned cars taking up parking spaces to the underlying financial headaches. In this way, the writing shows a logical cause-and-effect pattern, which might consequently attract more concern or efforts in the problem’s solution.
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• 1. Functions: business letters and personal letters • 2. Contents: invitation letter, thank-you letter , acceptance letter, application letter, inquiry letter, complaining letter.etc
• Inquiring • --I would like to inquire… • • • • • Offering --if you require any assistance, please… --We are able to offer… --We could… --Would you like us to…
• • • • • • • •
Cancelling Inquiring Offering Suggesting/recommending Apologizing Finishing a letter Enclosures/attachments Closings
• • • • • • • • • •
Chapter 7 Letters
Lead-in
• Do you think letters have been out of date? • If not, can you list some functions of it?
• Task 1: Discuss • What types of letters do you know?
• Task 2: Discuss • How much do you know about letter format? • 1. business letter: much formal • 2. personal letter: less formal
• Let’s see the two kinds of letter, try to find their differences.
• • • • • • • • • •
Requesting --We would be very grateful if you could… --Could you please… --Would it be possible to… --Could we… Confirming --As discussed, … --As agreed, … --I would like to confirm... --We are pleased to conform…
• Suggesting/recommending
• • • • --May I suggest/recommend… --We should… --Why not…. --It would be better if …
• Apologizing
Task 3: Group work Discuss together the important and useful phrases when writing letters
• • • • • • • • Openings Referring to previous contact Requesting Confirming Complaining Thanking Inviting Accepting
• Complaining
• --I would like to complain about the…
• Thanking
• • • • • --thank you so much for… --I am much grateful for… --I am deeply appreciated for… --I am full of gratitude for… --I would like to extend my greatest thank to…for…
Openings --Dear Sir/Madam --Dear Mr. Laws --Dear Mrs. Marceline --Dear Michael Referring to previous contact --With reference to your letter of… --further to our phone call of… --Thank you for you enquiry… --Thank you for you email yesterday…
The Basic Components
• Heading信头 • Inside Address信内地址（only for formal business letter） • Salutation 称呼 • Body of Letter信的正文 • Complimentary Close结束语 • Signature签名 • Enclosure附件（if needed） • Postscript 附言（if needed）
• -- I am delighted/pleased/honored to accept… • --Thank you for you invitation, I would be moselling • --I am sorry to tell you that we have to cancel… • --We regret to inform you of our cancellation of….
• Inviting
• • • • -- I am pleased to invite… -- I would like to invite… -- on behalf of…, I would like to invited… --Would you please join/attend…
• Accepting