汽车发动机凸轮轴加工工艺及专用夹具设计

摘要

我的毕业设计课题是凸轮轴的工艺工装，凸轮轴对其工作要求、部分精度较高，如轴上的油孔的加工、法兰盘孔的加工等。凸轮轴的工艺过程，我们尽量做到清晰明了，在保证表达清楚的基础上，尽量做到简练。在此设计中，巩固了机械制造专业的专业知识，学习机械加工工艺、夹具设计、金属切削原理与刀具及金属切削机床。在此，我们设计了两套钻床夹具，并进行了一些机构的设计，如分度机构、顶尖机构、液压传动机构等，还借用了机床尾座、手轮等大量通用件，既有利于加工，又节省不少力气。其中，夹具设计需要保证被加工面的位置精度；减少辅助时间，提高劳动生产虑；扩大机床的使用范围；实现工件的装夹加工并减轻劳动强度，改善工作条件，保证了生产安全。此次设计，由于我的水平有限，难免会出现错误，望读者进行批评指正。

关键词：凸轮轴；钻床夹具；分度机构；液压传动机构

Abstract

My graduation project subject is a craft frock of the camshaft, the camshaft is by their job requirements. To the precision being relatively high, for instance, oil processing of hole of axle. Processing of the hole of the ring flange, etc., the course of the camshaft, we try our best to accomplish clearly, on the ground of guaranteeing to express clearly. Try one’s best to accomplish as perfect as crystal. In the course of design, consolidate our knowledge about mechanism manufacturing, and I have grasped mechanic craft, tongs design, the principle of metal cutting tools and the metals cutting the machine tools. In this design, we have designed two sets of drilling machines digs. In the design, I have designed some sets of mechanisms. Such as, graduation organization, top structure, hydraulic transmission mechanism and so on.

I take advantage of lathe tail flat also, as large amount of common parts, such as handwheel favorable to process and so on. Save much strength. Among them, the tongs design demand guarantee which is processed the position accuracy; Reduce to lend support the time and increasements labor produce, extend the usage scope of the machine tools. Realize the work piece pack to clip to process to combine alleviative labor strength, improve the work term and guarantee the production safety. This design, because we have limited level. Unavoidable to appear some mistakes, so I hope that readers can make some re-comments.

Keyword:camshaft; drilling machines digs; graduation organization; hydraulic transmission mechanism

目录

1 零件的功用与结构分析 (1)

1.1零件的功用 (7)

1.2凸轮轴的结构特点和技术要求 (7)

1.2.1各种凸轮轴的技术要求 (7)

1.2.2以发动机该凸轮轴为例具体说明 (7)

2 生产类型的确定 (8)

3 确定毛坯的种类 (10)

4 机械加工工艺路线的拟定 (11)

4.1加工工艺路线的分析 (11)

4.1.1凸轮加工工艺分析 (12)

4.1.2加工阶段的划分与工序顺序的安排 (12)

4.1.3 加工工艺路线的拟定 (12)

4.2 工艺方案比较与分析 (14)

5 确定机械加工余量工序尺寸及公差 (15)

6 确定切削用量工件定额切削力及功率 (16)

6.1钻孔 (16)

6.2扩孔 (16)

7 夹具的设计 (18)

7.1法兰盘孔的夹具设计 (19)

7.1.1工件的加工工艺性分析 (19)

1、工件属于轴类零件，结构形式简单 (19)

2、确定定位方案，设计定位元件 (19)

3、确定设计导向元件 (20)

4、确定夹紧方式和设计夹紧机构 (20)

5、确定夹具体 (21)

7.1.2夹具体部件设计分析 (21)

1、顶尖部分设计 (21)

2、齿条传动部分设计 (21)