Nike, Cost of Capital 资本成本分析案例 PPT
耐克公司案例中文版

耐克公司:资本成本2001年7月5日,KIMI FORD,NORTHPOINT 集团(实际是一家基金管理公司)的portforlio经理,仔细思考着分析人员关于耐克公司的积极评论。
耐克的股票价格从年初开始显著下跌。
FORD正在考虑为她管理的NORTHPOINT 大资本基金公司购买一些股份,这家基金公司主要投资财富杂志世界500强企业,其重点是价值投资。
它持有最多的股份包括埃克森公司、通用公司、麦当劳、3M及其它大企业,通常是经济历史悠久的股票。
虽然股票市场在过去18个月下跌,NORTHPOINT大资本基金公司却表现极好。
2000年,这家基金回报率20.7%,而S&P500甚至下跌了10.1%。
到2001年6月底,这家基金的YEAR-TO-DATE回报率为6.4%,而S&P500为7.3%。
一个星期前的2001年6月28日,耐克公司组织了分析人员会议,发布2001财政年度业绩(耐克的财务年度结束于每年5月份)。
不过,这次会议还有另外一个目的:耐克公司管理层希望沟通重振公司的战略。
1997年以来,耐克公司的总收入上升并稳定于90亿美元左右,而净收入从8亿美元左右下跌到5.8亿美元左右(见表一)。
耐克在美国运动鞋市场的市场份额从1997年的48%下降到2000年的42%。
此外,最近的供应链问题及美元升值的负面影响对收产生的负面影响。
会上,管理层公布了致力于既首先要关注增长,同时也注重经营成效的计划。
为了提高收入,公司将在中等价位产品类别内(这一类别的运动鞋每双售价为70-90美元)开发更多的运动鞋产品,而耐克公司近年来忽视了这一类别。
耐克公司也计划推动它的服装产品部门,这一部门在服装行业老将MINDY CROSSMAN (MINDY CROSSMAN在2000年9月加入耐克公司,她是JONES 服装集团的POLO牛崽裤部门的前任董事长及首席执行官)的领导下表现极佳。
在成本方面,耐克公司将在费用控制上作出更大努力。
第五章 资本成本 (The Cost of Capital)

x 0.04103.12 4.125 0.0237
x = kd - 0.10174.32
174.32
kd = 0.10 + X = 0.10 + 0.0237 = 0.1237或12.37%
第三步,计算债务的税后成本kdT 。 kdT = 12.37%(1 - 33%) = 8.29%
二、优先股的成本 企业发行优先股的成本的计算公式如下:
= 80(5.660)+ 1 000(0.237)
= 452.80 + 237.00 = 689.80(元)
第二步,利用插值法计算债券价格为761元时的 成本kd 。
0.10
0.04
X
k d
689.80
864.12 761.00 103.12
0.14
174.32
x 103.12 0.04 174.32
用某个特定资本成本可 筹到的某种资本限额
BP
该种资本在资本结构中 所占比重
资本加权平均成 本(%)
12.51
WACC = MCC
0
筹集的新资本
图5-1 泰亚公司资本边际成本线
[例5—9]假设凯悦公司2004年年末的简要资产负债表。
简要资产负债表
2004年12月31日
(单位:元)
资产
年末数 负债及股东权益 年末数
在公司的资产负债表右方,是各种资本的 具体构成,包括各类负债,优先股本和普通股 本等。这些项目“资本构成要素”(Capital Components)。
“资本成本”(cost of capital)?
Myron J. Gordon 在 他 的 《Investment Financing and Valuation of the Corporation》 ( Homewood, I11: Richard D. Irwin Inc., 1962),P218提出: “一个厂商的资本成本是财产的折现率,高于 (或低于)这个折现率的某项投资的利润率, 将会提高(或降低)这个厂商的价值。”
第六 资本成本PPT课件

• 主张使用算术平均数的理由是:算术平均数更符合资本资产定价模型中 的平均方差的结构,因而是下一阶段风险溢价的一个更好的预测指标。
• 主张使用几何平均数的理由是:几何平均数的计算考虑了复合平均,能 更好地预测长期的平均风险溢价。多数人倾向于采用几何平均法。考试 采用什么方法会给出要求。
• n——表示不同种类的筹资。
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第二节 普通股成本
• 一、资本资产定价模型 • (一)基本公式
• Ks=RF+β×(Rm-RF) • 式中: • RF——无风险报酬率; β——该股票的贝塔系数; • Rm——平均风险股票报酬率;(Rm-RF)——权益市场风险溢价; • β×(Rm-RF)——该股票的风险溢价。
=234.08
=245.48
=147.76
NPV=-500+234.08+245.48+147.76=127.32
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• (3)实务中的处理方式 • 通常做法
• 一般情况下使用名义货币编制预计财务报表并确定现金流量,与此同时, 使用名义的无风险利率计算资本成本。
• 选择理由
• 不同时间发行的长期政府债券,其票面利率不同,有时相差较大。长期 政府债券的付息期不同,有半年期或一年期等,还有到期一次还本付息 的,因此,票面利率是不适宜的。
• 不同年份发行的、票面利率和计息期不等的上市债券,根据当前市价和 未来现金流计算的到期收益率只有很小差别。
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Nike Inc., Cost of Capital案例原文

Graduate School of Business Administration University Version 2.0 of VirginiaUVA-F-1353 Version 2.0Nike, Inc.: Cost of Capital On July 5, 2001, Kimi Ford, a portfolio manager at NorthPoint Group, a mutual fund management firm, pored over analyst write-ups of Nike, Inc., the athletic shoe manufacturer. Nike’s share price had declined significantly from the start of the year. Kimi was considering buying some shares for the fund she managed, the NorthPoint Large-Cap Fund, which invested mostly in Fortune 500 companies with an emphasis on value investing. Its top holdings included ExxonMobil, General Motors, McDonald’s, 3M and other large-cap, generally old-economy stocks. While the stock market declined over the last 18 months, NorthPoint Large-Cap had performed extremely well. In 2000, the fund earned a return of 20.7 percent even as the S&P 500 fell 10.1 percent. The fund’s year-to-date returns at the end of June, 2001 stood at 6.4 percent versus the S&P 500’s minus 7.3 percent. Only a week ago, on June 28, 2001, Nike held an analysts’ meeting to disclose its fiscal year 2001 results1. However, the meeting had another purpose: Nike management wanted to communicate a strategy for revitalizing the company. Since 1997, Nike’s revenues had plateaued at around $9 billion, while net income had fallen from almost $800 million to $580 million (see Exhibit 1). Nike’s market share in U.S. athletic shoes had fallen from 48 percent in 1997 to 42 percent in 2000.2 In addition, recent supply-chain issues and the adverse effect of a strong dollar had negatively affected revenue. At the meeting, management revealed plans to address both top-line growth and operating performance. To boost revenue, the company would develop more athletic shoe products in the mid-priced segment3 – a segment that it had overlooked in recent years. Nike also planned to push its apparel line, which, under the recent leadership of industry veteran Mindy Grossman4 had performed extremely well. On the cost side, Nike would exert more effort on expense control. Finally, company executives reiterated their long-term revenue growth targets of 8-10 percent, and earnings growth targets of above 15 percent.Nike’s fiscal year ended in May. Robson, Douglas, “Just Do…Something: Nike’s insularity and foot-dragging have it running in place”, Business Week, July 2, 2001 3 Sneakers in this segment sold for $70-$90 a pair. 4 Mindy Grossman joined Nike in September 2000. She was the former president and chief executive of Jones Apparel Group's Polo Jeans division.2 1This case was prepared from publicly available information by Jessica Chan under the supervision of Professor Robert F. Bruner. The financial support of the Batten Institute is gratefully acknowledged. This case was written as a basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. Copyright 2001 by the University of Virginia Darden School Foundation, Charlottesville, VA. All rights reserved. To order copies, send an e-mail to dardencases@. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means— electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the permission of the Darden School Foundation. Rev. 10/02.-2-UVA-F-1353Analyst reactions were mixed. Some thought the financial targets to be too aggressive; others saw significant growth opportunities in apparel and in Nike’s international businesses. Kimi Ford read all the analyst reports that she could find about the June 28 meeting, but the reports gave her no clear guidance: a Lehman Brothers report recommended a ‘Strong Buy’ while UBS Warburg and CSFB analysts expressed misgivings about the company and recommended a ‘Hold’. Kimi decided instead to develop her own discounted-cash-flow forecast to come to a clearer conclusion. Her forecast showed that at a discount rate of 12 percent, Nike was overvalued at its current share price of $42.09 (see Exhibit 2). However, she had done a quick sensitivity analysis that revealed Nike was undervalued at discount rates below 11.2 percent. Since she was about to go into a meeting, she requested her new assistant, Joanna Cohen, to estimate Nike’s cost of capital. Joanna immediately gathered all the data she thought she might need (Exhibits 1 through 4) and set out to work on her analysis. At the end of the day, she submitted her cost of capital estimate and a memo (Exhibit 5) explaining her assumptions to Ms. Ford.-3-UVA-F-1353Exhibit 1 Nike, Inc.: Cost of Capital Consolidated Income StatementsYear Ended May 31 (In millions except per share data) Revenues Cost of goods sold Gross profit Selling and administrative Operating income Interest expense Other expense, net Restructuring charge, net Income before income taxes Income taxes Net income Diluted earnings per common share Average shares outstanding (diluted) Growth (%) Revenue Operating income Net income Margins (%) Gross margin Operating margin Net margin Effective tax rate (%)* 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 20014,760.8 2,865.3 1,895.6 1,209.8 685.8 24.2 11.7 649.9 250.2 399.7 1.36 294.06,470.6 3,906.7 2,563.9 1,588.6 975.3 39.5 36.7 899.1 345.9 553.2 1.88 293.69,186.5 5,503.0 3,683.5 2,303.7 1,379.8 52.3 32.3 1,295.2 499.4 795.8 2.68 297.09,553.1 6,065.5 3,487.6 2,623.8 863.8 60.0 20.9 129.9 653.0 253.4 399.6 1.35 296.08,776.9 5,493.5 3,283.4 2,426.6 856.8 44.1 21.5 45.1 746.1 294.7 451.4 1.57 287.58,995.1 5,403.8 3,591.3 2,606.4 984.9 45.0 23.2 (2.5) 919.2 340.1 579.1 2.07 279.89,488.8 5,784.9 3,703.9 2,689.7 1,014.2 58.7 34.1 921.4 331.7 589.7 2.16 273.335.9 42.2 38.442.0 41.5 43.94.0 (37.4) (49.8)(8.1) (0.8) 13.02.5 15.0 28.35.5 3.0 1.839.6 15.1 8.5 38.540.1 15.0 8.7 38.636.5 9.0 4.2 38.837.4 9.8 5.1 39.539.9 10.9 6.4 37.039.0 10.7 6.2 36.0*The U.S. statutory tax rate was 35%. The state tax varied yearly from 2.5% to 3.5%. Source: Company's 10-K SEC filing, UBS Warburg-4Exhibit 2 Nike, Inc.: Cost of Capital Discounted Cash Flow Analysis2002 Assumptions: Revenue growth (%) COGS/Sales (%) S&A/Sales (%) Tax rate (%) Current assets/Sales (%) Current liabilities/Sales (%) Yearly depreciation and capex equal each other. Cost of capital (%) Terminal value growth rate (%) Discounted Cash Flow Operating income Taxes NOPAT Capex, net of depreciation Change in NWC Free cash flow Terminal value Total flows Present value of flows Enterprise value Less: current outstanding debt Equity value Current shares outstanding Equity value per share at 12% Sensitivity of equity value to discount rate: Discount rate 8.00% 8.50% 9.00% 9.50% 10.00% 10.50% 11.00% 11.17% 11.50% 12.00% 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009UVA-F-1353201020117.0 60.0 28.0 38.0 38.0 11.5 12.0 3.06.5 60.0 27.5 38.0 38.0 11.56.5 59.5 27.0 38.0 38.0 11.56.5 59.5 26.5 38.0 38.0 11.56.0 59.0 26.0 38.0 38.0 11.56.0 59.0 25.5 38.0 38.0 11.56.0 58.5 25.0 38.0 38.0 11.56.0 58.5 25.0 38.0 38.0 11.56.0 58.0 25.0 38.0 38.0 11.56.0 58.0 25.0 38.0 38.0 11.51,218.4 463.0 755.4 8.8 764.1 764.1 682.3 11,415.7 1,296.6 10,119.1 271.5 $ 37.271,351.6 513.6 838.0 (174.9) 663.1 663.1 528.61,554.6 590.8 963.9 (186.3) 777.6 777.6 553.51,717.0 652.5 1,064.5 (198.4) 866.2 866.2 550.51,950.0 741.0 1,209.0 (195.0) 1,014.0 1,014.0 575.42,135.9 811.7 1,324.3 (206.7) 1,117.6 1,117.6 566.22,410.2 915.9 1,494.3 (219.1) 1,275.2 1,275.2 576.82,554.8 970.8 1,584.0 (232.3) 1,351.7 1,351.7 545.92,790.1 1,060.2 1,729.9 (246.2) 1,483.7 1,483.7 535.02,957.5 1,123.9 1,833.7 (261.0) 1,572.7 17,998.7 19,571.5 6,301.5Current share price:$42.09Note: Terminal value is estimated using the constant growth model: Equity value $ 75.80 67.85 61.25 55.68 50.92 46.81 43.22 42.09 40.07 37.27 TV = FCF10 * (1 + Terminal value growth rate) WACC - g TV = $1,572.7 * (1.03) 12% - 3%-5Exhibit 3 Nike, Inc.: Cost of Capital Consolidated Balance SheetsMay 31, As of (In millions) Assets Current Assets: Cash and equivalents Accounts receivable Inventories Deferred income taxes Prepaid expenses Total current assets Property, plant and equipment, net Identifiable intangible assets and goodwill, net Deferred income taxes and other assets Total assets Liabilities and shareholders' equity Current Liabilities: Current portion of long-term debt Notes payable Accounts payable Accrued liabilities Income taxes payable Total current liabilities Long-term debt Deferred income taxes and other liabilities Redeemable preferred stock Shareholders' equity: Common stock, par Capital in excess of stated value Unearned stock compensation Accumulated other comprehensive income Retained earnings Total shareholders' equity Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 2000 2001UVA-F-1353$254.3 1,569.4 1,446.0 111.5 215.2 3,596.4$304.0 1,621.4 1,424.1 113.3 162.5 3,625.31,583.4 410.9 266.2 $ 5,856.91,618.8 397.3 178.2 $ 5,819.6$50.1 924.2 543.8 621.9 2,140.0 470.3 110.3 0.3$5.4 855.3 432.0 472.1 21.9 1,786.7 435.9 102.2 0.32.8 369.0 (11.7) (111.1) 2,887.0 3,136.0 $ 5,856.92.8 459.4 (9.9) (152.1) 3,194.3 3,494.5 $ 5,819.6Source: Company 10-K SEC filing.-6-UVA-F-1353Exhibit 4 Nike, Inc.: Cost of Capital Capital Market and Financial Information On or Around July 5, 2001Current yields on U.S. Treasuries 3-month 6-month 1-year 5-year 10-year 20-year 3.59% 3.59% 3.59% 4.88% 5.39% 5.74%Nike Share Price Performance Relative to S&P500: January 2000 to July 5, 20011.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 Feb-00 Aug-00 May-00 Sep-00 Feb-01 May-01 Nov-00 Jan-00 Jun-00 Jan-01 Jun-01 Jul-00 Mar-00 Apr-00 Mar-01 Dec-00 Oct-00 Apr-01 Jul-01Historical Equity Risk Premiums (1926-1999) Geometric mean 5.90% Arithmetic mean 7.50% Current Yield on Publicly Traded Nike Debt* Coupon 6.75% paid semi-annually Issued 07/15/96 Maturity 07/15/21 Current Price $ 95.60 Nike Historic Betas 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 YTD 06/30/00 AverageNikeS&P 5000.98 0.84 0.84 0.63 0.83 0.69 0.80Nike share price on July 5, 2001: Dividend History and Forecasts Paymt Dates 31-Mar 30-Jun 1997 0.10 0.10 1998 0.12 0.12 1999 0.12 0.12 2000 0.12 0.12 2001 0.12 0.12$42.0930-Sep 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.1231-Dec 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.12Total 0.40 0.48 0.48 0.48Consensus EPS estimates: FY 2002 FY 2003 $ 2.32 $ 2.67Value Line Forecast of Dividend Growth from '98-00 to '04-'06: 5.50%* Data have been modified for teaching purposes. Sources of data: Bloomberg Financial Services, Ibbotson Associates Yearbook 1999, Value Line Investment Survey, IBES-7Exhibit 5 Nike, Inc.: Cost of Capital Joanna’s Analysis TO: FROM: DATE: SUBJECT: Kimi Ford Joanna Cohen July 6, 2001 Nike’s Cost of CapitalUVA-F-1353Based on the following assumptions, my estimate of Nike’s cost of capital is 8.4 percent: I. Single or Multiple Costs of Capital? The first question I considered was whether to use single or multiple costs of capital given that Nike has multiple business segments. Aside from footwear, which makes up 62 percent of revenue, Nike also sells apparel (30 percent of revenue) that complement its footwear products. In addition, Nike sells sport balls, timepieces, eyewear, skates, bats, and other equipment designed for sports activities. Equipment products account for 3.6 percent of revenue. Finally, Nike also sells some non-Nike branded products such as Cole-Haan dress and casual footwear, and ice skates, skate blades, hockey sticks, hockey jerseys and other products under the Bauer trademark. Non-Nike brands account for 4.5 percent of revenue. I asked myself whether Nike’s business segments had different enough risks from each other to warrant different costs of capital. Were their profiles really different? I concluded that it was only the Cole-Haan line that was somewhat different; the rest were all sports-related businesses. However, since Cole-Haan makes up only a tiny fraction of revenues, I did not think it necessary to compute a separate cost of capital. As for the apparel and footwear lines, they are sold through the same marketing and distribution channels and are often marketed in "collections" of similar design. I believe they face the same risk factors, as such, I decided to compute only one cost of capital for the whole company. II. Methodology for Calculating the Cost of Capital: WACC Since Nike is funded with both debt and equity, I used the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) method. Based on the latest available balance sheet, debt as a proportion of total capital makes up 27.0 percent and equity accounts for 73.0 percent:-8Capital sources Book Values Debt Current portion of long-term debt $ 5.4 Notes payable 855.3 Long-term debt 435.9 $ 1,296.6 Equity III. Cost of Debt $3,494.5UVA-F-135327.0% of total capital 73.0% of total capitalMy estimate of Nike’s cost of debt is 4.3 percent. I arrived at this estimate by taking total interest expense for the year 2001 and dividing it by the company’s average debt balance.5 The rate is lower than Treasury yields but that is because Nike raised a portion of its funding needs through Japanese yen notes, which carry rates between 2.0 percent to 4.3 percent. After adjusting for tax, the cost of debt comes out to 2.7 percent. I used a tax rate of 38 percent, which I obtained by adding state taxes of 3 percent to the U.S. statutory tax rate. Historically, Nike’s state taxes have ranged from 2.5 percent to 3.5 percent. IV. Cost of Equity I estimated the cost of equity using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). Other methods such as the Dividend Discount Model (DDM) and the Earnings Capitalization Ratio can be used to estimate the cost of equity. However, in my opinion, CAPM is the superior method. My estimate of Nike’s cost of equity is 10.5 percent. I used the current yield on 20-year Treasury bonds as my risk-free rate, and the compound average premium of the market over Treasury bonds (5.9 percent) as my risk premium. For beta I took the average of Nike’s beta from 1996 to the present. V. Putting it All Together Inputting all my assumptions into the WACC formula, my estimate of Nike’s cost of capital is 8.4 percent. WACC = Kd (1-t) * D/(D+E) + Ke * E/(D+E) = 2.7% * 27.0% + 10.5% * 73.0% = 8.4%5Debt balances as of May 31, 2000 and 2001 were $1,444.6 and $1,296.6 respectively.。
耐克公司资本成本估算

投资组合案例1耐克公司资本成本估算陈润城(韦昭亦陈明)2014—10—28目录一、前言 (1)二、资本成本的计算 (2)2.1计算权益资本成本 (2)2.2计算债务资本成本 (2)三:资本结构中负债和权益占的比重计算 (3)3.1债务占的资本资产的比重 (3)3.2。
权益占资本资产的比重 (3)四:计算加权平均资本成本 (3)五:结论 (4)附录 (5)案例目标我们小组在本投资组合案例中先运用CAPM模型计算出权益资本成本,再加上计算得来的债务资本成本,从而估算出2001年耐克公司的资本成本WACC。
一、前言NIKE是全球著名的体育运动品牌,英文原意指希腊胜利女神,中文译为耐克。
公司总部位于美国俄勒冈州。
公司生产的体育用品包罗万象,例如服装,鞋类,运动器材等.耐克商标图案是个小钩子。
耐克一直将激励全世界的每一位运动员并为其献上最好的产品视为光荣的任务。
耐克首创的气垫技术给体育界带来了一场革命。
运用这项技术制造出的运动鞋可以很好地保护运动员的膝盖,在其在作剧烈运动落地时减小对膝盖的影响。
耐克公司的销售收入从1997年开始一直在90亿美元左右徘徊,而净利润已经从8亿美元下降到5。
8亿美元左右(见表1-3).耐克在美国运动鞋市场的份额由1997年的48%下降到2000年的42%.耐克公司于2001年6月28日召开了分析员会议,发布其2001年会计年度业绩(耐克公司的会计年度截止于每年5月份)。
耐克公司在这次会议的另外一个目的:耐克公司管理层希望在会上介绍公司重振雄风的战略。
在会议上,管理层披露了公司的最高产量增长计划和经营业绩预测。
为了增加销售收入,公司将在中档价位板块开发更多的运动鞋产品,还计划进一步开拓服装业务。
在成本方面,耐克公司将加强成本控制。
最后,公司高管重申了他们的长期销售收入增长目标是8%至10%,利润增长目标在15%以上。
当时,一份雷曼兄弟公司的报告建议福特“强力买入”,而瑞银华宝及瑞士信贷第一波士顿的分析员则表达了对公司的担忧,并建议她“按兵不动",于是福特就决定自己进行计算预测来得出更加清晰的结论。
资本成本会计powerpoint52页.pptx

一、安东尼20世纪70年代提出的资本成本会计理论构想
从形式上看,权益资本成本属于隐含成本,而债务资本成本、直接材料成本、直接人工成本、间接费用等属于显现成本。资本成本会计理论构想实质上就是会计信息系统的领域是否应该加以扩展,财务会计报告是否应该反映企业在经营过程中所发生的一切成本,既包括显现成本,又包括隐含成本。换言之,就是企业在经营过程中,资本成本是否应该与直接材料成本、直接人工成本、间接费用等项目一样计入存货成本和商品销售成本。
一、安东尼20世纪70年代提出的资本成本会计理论构想
根据资本成本会计理论构想,资本成本会计核算的总体原则包括:1.将年度资本成本总额除以使用的资本总额,得到资本成本率;2.将计算出来的资本成本率乘以各个成本目标所应用的资本数额便得到各该成本目标所应分配的资本成本数额;
一、安东尼20世纪70年代提出的资本成本会计理论构想
一、安东尼20世纪70年代提出的资本成本会计理论构想
如果安东尼提出的资本成本会计理论构想付诸实施,现行财务会计程序将发生以下四项重大变化:1.对权益资本应与债务资本一样地计量其利息成本;2.在销售商品成本中应包括生产用厂房和设备所占用资本的利息成本;3.如果存货置存时间相当长的话,那么,未来期间销售或使用的存货成本将包含置存时间的利息成本;4.新的固定资产成本将包括其建造期间所占用的权益资本的利息成本。
一、资本成本的性质与用途
企业内部的经营和融资状况:企业内部的经营和融资状况主要指经营风险和财务风险的大小。经营风险是企业投资决策和经营决策的结果即资产经营的结果,表现在资产报酬率的变动上;财务风险是企业筹资决策的结果即资本经营的结果,表现在普通股报酬率的变动上。融资规模:融资规模也是影响企业资本成本的重要因素。企业融资规模大,资本成本较高。证券市场条件、企业内部的经营和融资状况、融资规模影响风险溢酬。
《资本成本》PPT课件

1 0 0 0 ( 1 3 % ) 1 0 0 0 8 % ( 1 3 3 % ) ( P /A ,K b ,5 ) + 1 0 0 0 ( P /F ,K b ,5 )
❖ 溢价1 080元发行时,该债券的资本成本为 :
折价9 ❖2021/8/17 60元发行时,财务该管理债学 券的资本成本为:17
❖ P0 =
Dt
t1 (1 KS )t
❖ 如果普通股股利以固定的增长率g递增,则发行 普通股的资本成本为:
❖ KS=
D1 P(0 1 f) +g
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财务管理
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(2)普通股资本成本
❖ ①股利贴现模型法
❖ 【例5-5】某公司发行普通股筹资,每股面值10元 ,发行价格16元,筹资费率3%,预计第一年每股 股利为2元,以后每年按5%递增。则普通股资本 成本为多少?
财务管理学
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D PF
1.资本成本的测算原理
❖ (1)在不考虑时间价值情况下的资本成本的测 算原理——企业用资费用与筹资净额之间的比率 。
❖ 其基本测算公式如下:
K= D PF
或
பைடு நூலகம்
D P(1
f)
❖ 公式中:K—资本成本; ❖ D—用资费用; ❖ P—筹资总额; ❖ F—筹资费用; ❖ f—筹资费用率,即筹资费
4、了解资本结构的定义并熟练掌握最佳资本结构的确定 方法。
财务管理学
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4.1 资 本 成 本
❖ 4.1.1 资本成本概述 ❖ 4.1.2 个别资本成本 ❖ 4.1.3 综合资本成本 ❖ 4.1.4 边际资本成本
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NIKE案例分析.ppt

超级球星麦克尔·乔丹是 “Just do it”的头号传播 者。 1984年,乔丹就与耐克订 下终身,成为耐克的家庭 运动员。
耐克对乔丹的英名一直寄 于厚望,以飞人乔丹命名 的体育用品深得青少年喜 爱。 耐克在全美12座城市建有 2500平方米的“耐克城”, 耐克的所有品牌,从运动 鞋到运动服装,还有各类 体育器材,都在硕大的耐 克橱窗里散发出时代精神 的光彩。
街道上、、
公交上、、
洗衣店内、、
/ent/4347168?B5E1B2
菲尔•奈特曾这样说道:“中国有十几亿双脚呢!我们要让他们都穿上耐克!”
竞争对手
锐步 阿迪VS.耐克:谁赢得了世界杯品牌之战? 李宁:一切皆有可能——与耐克阿迪达斯相抗衡 KAPPA:以时尚诠释运动精神,成就中国市场奇迹
传说 简历 演变 传播 营销 竞争 展望
Just Rob It~!
香港《信报财经月刊》1991年4月期曾报道:美国 纽约市一些鞋店店主纷纷向当局提出申请,请求批准 使用枪支自卫以保护人身、财产的安全。文章评论说, 近年来,因倾慕耐克鞋,许多十几岁的青少年,不惜 铤而走险去盗窃甚至杀人,恶性事件时有发生,万般 无奈中,店主只好寻求如此“自我保护”……消费者 会这样青睐一双运动鞋?真是天方夜谭般的神话!然 而,耐克公司的确拥有这样的“消费神话”。
Nike的SWOT分析
Superiority 1. 居运动鞋品牌领导地位 2. 消费者对品牌认知及品牌忠诚度高 3. 在台市场占有率远超过其他品牌 3.品牌形象良好 5. 研发设计/品牌行销魅力,通路配送,采购能力
Weekness 1. 产品价位较高 2. 广告代言人支出较其他品牌高 3. 社会物价压力,对于中高龄消费者不具强烈吸引力
•从运动鞋到运动的光彩。
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• 债务资本成本 Joanna使用当前年份,即2001年的总利息支出除以2000年 和2001年的债务平均值来计算的。 但是,现有债务的历史成本,对于未来的决策时不相关的 沉没成本。因此在计算资本成本时,要通过对公司未来的 现金流和债务的分析来进行投资决策,即应考虑未来的债 务带来的成本。
2. 权益资本成本 CAPM模型正确 市场风险溢价时,使用几何平均收益率5.9%是可行的 但是:无风险收益,一般使用较短期的国债利率而非20年期的国债利率 离目前最近的贝塔系数才能更好地反映公司目前的以及未来的风险状况,而非平均贝塔值
3. 债务资本及权益资本权,但实际上利用公司流通股价值计算后, 权益资本会增大,需要进行调整
正确的WACC算法
6 • 调整权益资本与财务资本权数
• 债务资本成本 取已公开发行的债券未来将支付的利息和本金折现,即债券的到期收益率来作为债务
的资本成本。
=6724.17+10352.01=17076.18 (百万美元) 股东权益=内在价值-负债价值=17076.18-1296.6=15799.6(百万美元) 股票内在价值=15766.6 / 271.5 = 58.12(美元)
该内在价值高于股票现价42.09美元,因此,股票价格被低估。可以进行投资。
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大家有疑问的,可以询问和交流
可以互相讨论下,但要小声点
每股内在价值
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案例总结
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➢ 概念理解须深入, 机械应用无用处 ➢ WACC须小心,陷阱处处多提防 ➢ 内在价值多计算, 股票投资有方案
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谢谢聆听!
正确的WACC算法
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其中,T取38%,则可计算得: RWACC=90%*7.661%+10%*7.167%*(1-38%)=7.333%
每股内在价值
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每股的内在价值需要先计算出公司的内在价值,扣除负债得到股东权益价值, 再通过股东权益价值除去流通股数量。 本案例报告使用现金流量法来估算NIKE公司的内在价值。
其中,P0=95.60。F为债券面值100。债券年利率为6.75%,且每半年付息一次。债券发 行日为1996/7/15,到期日为2021/7/15,案发时间为2001年,即持有至到期年数为20 年,则付息期数n=20*2=40,所以,计算得RB为7.167% • 权益资本成本 根据CAPM模型计算公司的权益资本成本,即RS=RF+(RM-RF). 其中无风险利率RF取短期国债利率3.59% 风险系数取最近的历史值0.69 市场风险溢价(RM-RF)取几何平均收益率5.9% 权益资本成本RS=3.59%+0.69*5.9%=7.661%。
1 Nike,inc:cost of cApital
案例背景
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NorthPoint集团是美国一家基金公司,主要投资 于财富杂志评出的世界500强企业。Kimi Rord是 NorthPoint集团的一名证券投资部经理, 正在考 虑是否投资Nike公司的股份。Joanna Cohen, 作 为Kimi的助理,向Kimi提交了她的资本成本评估 报告。
Nike 1964年由Philip H. Knight在奥勒冈州 (Beaverton,Oregon.)创立,是一家美国体育用 品生产商,主要生产运动鞋、运动服装、体育 用品,以自己的品牌销售,分销商遍布全球。 Nike成立以来发展迅速,已成为全球体育用品的 代表性品牌。但1997年-2001年以来,公司经营 业绩较差,因此部分投资者持观望态度。
案例问题
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• Joanna计算的WACC有哪些错误? • 正确的计算方法是什么? • 计算正确的WACC • 计算每股的内在价值
什么是WACC
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加权平均资本成本:英文Weighted Average Cost of Capital的缩写。WACC代表公司整体平均资金 成本,
Joanna的错误有哪些?
按两阶段增长模型对NIKE进行估值评估。 第一阶段:2002-2011年 每年的净现金=经营现金流-税收+(折旧-资本投入)+净运营资本,其中净运营资本=流动资产-流动负债 该部分数据案例中已给出,只需要将各年净现金折现至2002年即可。
第二阶段:2012年开始,假设公司进入永续增长。则有: 2012年终值=2012年的净现金/(WACC-增长率)(附件表中WACC取12%而计算出公司终值, 因WACC变化,附件表中的终值部分需要重新计算,因此结果会有变化) 2011年终值=2012年终值/(1+WACC) 案例中亦已给出相关假设(最终增长值3%),以及2011年企业终值。将该终值折现至2002年即可。 以WACC=7.333%计算,具体计算过程将附表1. 易得, 企业内在价值=2002年-2011年折现净现金流+2012年之后永续增长现金流折现值