初中定语从句
初中定语从句详解及练习附答案
定语从句详解及练习附答案第一部分:基础知识（一）．定语从句概述定语可以由形容词，代词，数词,名词，不定式,介词短语来充当。
如果是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句,又可称为形容词性从句。
定语从句通常修饰某一名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的这一名词或代词叫先行词，它位于定语从句之前，定语从句在先行词后面，应尽量紧跟先行词。
定语从句的作用即在于对先行词进行限定说明或补充说明。
(二）．定语从句的引导词.定语从句的引导词分为两类，关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose ）和关系副词( when, where，why ），引导词在先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接作用，即连接先行词和定语从句，更重要的是,它又在定语从句中作一个成分。
（三）．关系代词1。
that 指人，物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语.This is the photo that I took in the country.He is the singer that I met yesterday。
2。
which 指物，在从句中作主语,宾语，在非限定定语从句中充当定语，或者代替前句The film which we saw last night was moving.3. who 指人，在从句中作主语,宾语。
The person who visited our classroom yesterday was our new headmaster。
The man who you just talked to is Tom。
4。
whom 指人，在从句中作宾语。
That is the professor whom you want to know。
5. whose 指人，物，在从句中作定语,相当于先行词+ ’s，后接一名词.I know the boy whose parents are dead。
I don’t like those cities whose roads are dirty.注:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
初中定语从句语法讲解
初中定语从句语法讲解初中定语从句是指在句子中用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
定语从句通常由关系代词（如who, whom, whose, which, that）或关系副词（如when, where, why）引导，它们在从句中充当名词的成分。
下面是对初中定语从句的语法讲解。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that引导的定语从句分别修饰人或物，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语的成分。
1. 关系代词who/whomwho用来指人，在定语从句中作主语；whom用来指人，在定语从句中作宾语。
例句：- I have a friend who is a doctor.（我有一个朋友是医生。
）- The man whom we met yesterday is my father's friend.（我们昨天遇到的那个人是我爸爸的朋友。
）2. 关系代词whosewhose用来指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，表示所属关系。
例句：- This is the girl whose bag was stolen.（这是那个被偷包的女孩。
）- The house whose roof is red is mine.（那座屋顶是红色的房子是我的。
）3. 关系代词whichwhich用来指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
例句：- I bought a book which is very interesting.（我买了一本很有趣的书。
）- The pen which I lost was a gift from my friend.（我丢失的那支笔是我朋友送的礼物。
）4. 关系代词thatthat用来指人或物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
that可以用来替代who, whom, which。
例句：- The girl that is wearing a red dress is my sister.（穿红裙子的那个女孩是我妹妹。
初中定语从句语法讲解完整版
初中定语从句语法讲解完整版•定语从句基本概念•关系代词引导定语从句目录•关系副词引导定语从句•介词+关系词引导定语从句•特殊类型定语从句•定语从句在句子中成分和位置•总结回顾与拓展延伸01定语从句基本概念定义与作用定义定语从句是对名词或代词进行修饰、限定的从句，其作用是提供更多关于所修饰词的信息。
作用使句子表达更具体、生动，有助于读者或听者更准确地理解所表达的内容。
前置定语通常将定语从句放在被修饰词的前面，如“漂亮的花园”中，“漂亮的”就是前置定语。
将定语从句放在被修饰词的后面，用逗号隔开，如“花园，漂亮的”中，“漂亮的”就是后置定语。
对被修饰词进行必要的限定，使句子意思更明确，如“我喜欢那本红色的书”中，“红色的”就是限定性定语从句。
对被修饰词进行补充说明，去掉后不影响句子意思的完整性，如“我昨天买了本书，它是关于历史的”中，“它是关于历史的”就是非限定性定语从句。
后置定语限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句结构形式与其他从句区别与名词性从句区别名词性从句在句子中充当主语、宾语等成分，而定语从句则充当定语成分，修饰名词或代词。
与状语从句区别状语从句表达主句动作发生的时间、条件、原因等背景信息，而定语从句则对名词或代词进行修饰、限定。
与同位语从句区别同位语从句对前面的名词进行解释说明，两者处于同等地位；而定语从句则对前面的名词进行修饰、限定，处于从属地位。
02关系代词引导定语从句关系代词种类及用法关系代词种类常见的关系代词有who，whom，whose，that，which，as等。
用法关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等，连接先行词和从句，起到桥梁作用。
限制性定语从句中关系代词省略情况省略条件在限制性定语从句中，当关系代词在从句中充当宾语时，可以省略。
示例The book (that) I borrowed from the library is veryinteresting. 我从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。
初中定语从句知识梳理
初中定语从句知识梳理一、定语从句的概念定语从句是由一个句子充当另一个句子的定语，用来修饰名词或代词。
定语从句在句中充当形容词，起到限定或补充说明修饰作用。
二、定语从句的引导词常用的定语从句引导词有：关系代词和关系副词。
1.关系代词：that, who, whom, whose, which2.关系副词：where, when, why三、引导词的用法和区别1.关系代词的用法和区别：(1)that：1)作主语或宾语时，可以先行词是人也可以是物。
2)不能用于非限制性定语从句。
(2)who/whom：1)who作主语时，先行词必须是人。
2)whom作宾语时，先行词必须是人。
3)非限制性定语从句一般用who；宾语从句的引导词只能用whom。
(3)which：1)作主语或宾语时，先行词必须是物。
2)非限制性定语从句一般用which；宾语从句的引导词只能用which。
(4)whose：1)表示"……的"，用于人或物，用来修饰名词。
2)通常在定语从句中作用是轻微的。
2.关系副词的用法和区别：(1)where：在定语从句中修饰地点，相当于介词+ which。
(2)when：在定语从句中修饰时间，相当于介词+ which。
(3)why：在定语从句中修饰原因，相当于介词+ which。
四、定语从句的基本结构1.先行词+定语从句引导词+其他成分2.定语从句引导词+先行词+其他成分五、易错点以及注意事项1.区分定语从句和宾语从句：定语从句修饰名词或代词，而宾语从句作动词的宾语。
2.先行词的重复性：定语从句中一般不再重复先行词。
3.谓语动词的变化：定语从句中的谓语动词根据先行词的数和人称变化。
4.引导词的选择：根据先行词的不同特点，选择适当的引导词。
初中定语从句知识点总结
初中定语从句知识点总结一、定语从句的引导词1. that“that” 既可以用来指代人也可以用来指代事物，常用来引导定语从句，作主语或宾语。
例如：The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.2. which“which” 只能用来指代事物，常用来引导非限制性定语从句，作主语或宾语。
例如：Tom showed me his new computer, which runs very fast.3. who“who”用来指代人，在定语从句中作主语。
例如：The girl who is singing is my friend.4. whom“whom” 用来指代人，在定语从句中作宾语。
例如：I know the boy whom you met yesterday.5. whose“whose” 用来指示所属关系，常用来引导定语从句，修饰名词。
例如：He met a person whose car was broken down.6. when“when”引导的定语从句，修饰表示时间的名词。
例如：Do you remember the day whenwe first met?7. where“where”引导的定语从句，修饰表示地点的名词。
例如：I know the place where he used to live.8. why“why”引导的定语从句，修饰表示原因的名词。
例如：I don't understand the reason whyhe is so angry.二、定语从句的位置1. 定语从句通常位于被修饰的名词之后，用来对这个名词进行进一步的说明和解释。
例如：The girl who is sitting in the front is my sister.2. 当定语从句中有表示时间，地点，原因等关系的词时，可以用关系副词where、when、why来引导。
初中英语语法专题—定语从句讲解
初中英语语法专题—定语从句讲解一、什么是定语从句？定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
它通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面，并对其进行进一步的说明或限制。
二、引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词主要有：that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where等。
- that用于修饰物，常用来引导限制性定语从句；- which用于修饰物，既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句；- who用于修饰人，常用来引导限制性定语从句；- whom用于修饰人，在非正式情况下，常省略为who，也可以引导非限制性定语从句；- whose表示所属关系，修饰人或物；- when表示时间，在定语从句中用来引导时间状语从句；- where表示地点，在定语从句中用来引导地点状语从句。
三、定语从句的位置和用法定语从句可以位于句首、句中或句尾，用来修饰名词或代词。
它可以进一步说明名词的性质、特征、来源等。
以下是一些示例：1. The book that you borrowed from me is very interesting.that you borrowed from me is very interesting.你从我这里借的那本书非常有趣。
2. The girl, who is wearing a red dress, is my sister.who is wearinga red dress, is my sister.那个穿红裙子的女孩是我的妹妹。
3. The city where I was born is very beautiful.where I was born is very beautiful.我出生的城市非常美丽。
4. I have a friend whose father is a doctor.whose father is a doctor.我有一个朋友，他的父亲是医生。
初中英语语法定语从句
初中英语语法：定语从句1在复合句中做定语的从句称为定语从句，它可以用来修饰名词或代词。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句一定放在先行词后边。
2指引定语从句的词往常被称为关系词。
关系词一般位于先行词与定语从句之间，且作为定语从句的一个成分。
关系词又分为关系代词和关系副词。
I关系代词指引的定语从句关系代词所取代的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充任主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that这些词取代的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。
比如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗？（ who/that 在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（ whom/that 在从句中作宾语）2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语,若指物，它还可以同of which 交换）。
比如：They rushed over to help the man whose car hadbroken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose（of which）cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that 所取代的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
比如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen beforeappears in the countryside.乡村出现了亘古未有的繁华。
（which / that 在句中作宾语）The package come unwrapped. （which / that）you are carrying is about to你拿的包快散了。
初中·定语从句详细讲解
定语从句定语从句是一个重点语法项目，而且也是各种考试中考查的重点，要牢固掌握好关系代词和关系副词的基本用法及特殊用法，并且学会利用相关知识来作出判断，准确解答相关试题。
知识详单何为定语从句：在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词、代词或整个主句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
关系词：在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
知识点1关系词知识点2关系代词的用法知识点3关系副词的用法知识点4定语从句的注意事项考点突破考点1 考察关系代词的用法1.(哈尔滨中考)Everyone has his aim in life. However, you can't get fat on one mouthful. Start with the easiest thing______ you can controlA. whoB. thatC. which【解析】选B。
先行词thing是物，且由最高级修饰，关系代词用that,2.(绥化中考) The story book_________ you lent me is very interesting.A. whichB. itC. what【解析】选A。
先行词为The story book，指物，关系词which在从句中作lent的宾语。
故选A,3.(龙东中考)Shirley is the girl_______ taught me how to use We-chat(微信).A. whomB. whichC. who【解析】选C, the girl作先行词，表示人，关系词在从句中作主语，故关系代词用who, 4.(咸宁中考)-Have you seen the documentary named A Bite of China(舌尖上的中国))?-Yeah! It's the most funny one__________ I have ever seen.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where [解析]选A。
初中英语语法——定语从句
初中英语语法——定语从句定语从句定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。
被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who。
whom。
whose。
that。
which。
as。
关系副词有：when。
where。
why。
how。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。
当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。
定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1、关系代词引导的定语从句1) who。
whom。
that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that XXX在从句中作宾语）2) whose用来指人或物，（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.3) which。
that它们所替代的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，比方：A prosperity which / that had never been XXX在句中作宾语）The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped。
(which / that在句中作宾语)关系代词that和which都可以指物，that和Who都可以指人，其用法区别：不用that的情况：a)在引导非限定性定语从句时错)The tree。
that is four hundred years old。
初中定语从句
初中定语从句1. 定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一个从句，用来修饰名词或代词，从而限定其词义。
它通常由关系词（如who, which, that）引导。
定语从句的作用是为主句中的名词或代词提供更详细的信息，使句子更准确、具体。
2. 定语从句的引导词定语从句的引导词有多种选择，常用的有：- who: 指人，作主语或宾语；- which: 指物，作主语或宾语；- that: 指人或物，作主语或宾语；- whose: 指人或物，表示所属关系；- where: 表示地点；- when: 表示时间。
3. 定语从句的结构定语从句的结构是“关系词 + 主句”。
主句可以是一个完整的句子，也可以是一个短语。
- 如果定语从句修饰主语，可以使用关系代词who, which, that 作为关系词。
例如：The girl who is standing there is my sister.- 如果定语从句修饰宾语，可以使用关系代词who, which, that 作为关系词。
例如：I bought a book that I wanted for a long time.4. 定语从句的注意事项在使用定语从句时，需要注意以下几点：- 定语从句可以放在被修饰的名词或代词的前面或后面；- 当被修饰的名词或代词是物时，一般使用which或that；- 当被修饰的名词或代词是人时，一般使用who或that；- 当被修饰的名词或代词是所有格时，一般使用whose；- 当被修饰的名词或代词是地点时，一般使用where；- 当被修饰的名词或代词是时间时，一般使用when。
5. 定语从句的练下面是几个定语从句的练题：1. I have a friend __________________ is a doctor.2. The book __________________ I borrowed is very interesting.3. Do you know the girl __________________ brother is a famous actor?可以使用上述引导词填空进行练。
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定语从句专项练习( ) 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.A. whoB. whichC. whomD. whose ( ) 2. What’s the name of the program________.A. which are listeningB. you are listening toC. to that you are listeningD. that you are listening ( ) 3. The students were all interested ____ you told them yesterday.A. in whichB. in that thisC. all thatD.in everything( ) 4. He was the only person in his office______ was invited.A. whomB. whoseC. thatD. which ( ) 5. This is the museum______ we visited last year.A. whereB. in whichC. whichD. in that ( ) 6. Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. who ( ) 7. Do you know the student_____?A. whom I often talkB. with who I often talkC. I often talk withD. that I often talk ( ) 8. I like the house_____ windows face south.A. wh oseB. who’sC. it'sD. its ( ) 9. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _____?A. what I needB.I needC. which I need itD. that I need it ( )10. The young woman_____ I spoke just now is a young doctor.A. whoB. to whomC. whomD. that11. Don’t talk about such things of _______ you are not sure.A. whichB. whatC.asD. those12. The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. in that13. The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into ice.A. at whichB. on thatC. in whichD. of what14. This book will show you __________ can be used inother contexts..A. how you have observedB. what you have observedC. that you have observedD. how that you have observed15. The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine.A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. whether 16. I’ll tell you __________ h e told me last week.A. all whichB. thatC. all thatD. which17. That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is veryold.A. whoseB. of whichC. in whichD. on which18. I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.A. asB. thatC. whichD. what19. He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.A. whichB. itC. thatD. what20. We’re talking about the piano and the pianist _______ were in the concert we attended last night.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that21. The girl ________ an English song in the next room isTom’s sister.A. who is singingB. is singingC. sangD. was singing22. Those _______ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A. learnB. whoC. that learnsD. who learn23. Anyone ________ this opinion may speak out.A. that againstB. that againstC. who is againstD. who are against24. Didn’t you see th e man ________?A. I nodded just nowB. whom I nodded just nowC. I nodded to him just nowD. I nodded to just now25. Can you lend me the novel ______ the other day?A. that you talkedB. you talked about itC. which you talked withD. you talked about26. Is there anything _______ to you?A. that is belongedB. that belongsC. that belongD. which belongs27. ---- “How do you like the book?”---- “It’s quite different from _______ I read last month.”A. thatB. whichC. the oneD. the one what28. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except _______ who had already taken them.A. the onesB. onesC. someD. the others29. The train _______ she was travelling was late.A. whichB. whereC. on whichD. in that30. He has lost the key to the drawer ___ the papers are kept.A. whereB. in whichC. under whichD. which31 Antarctic _______ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. about which32. It’s the third time _______ late this month.A. that you arrivedB. when you arrivedC. that you’ve arrivedD. when you’ve arrived33. It was in 1969 _______ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. in which34. May the fourth is the day ______ we Chinese people will never forget.A. whichB. whenC. on whichD. about which35. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _______ live my grandparents and some relatives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. where36. The hotel _______ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A. we stayed atB. where we stayed atC. we stayedD. in that we stayed 37. Is it in that factory _______ “Red Flag” cars areproduced?A. in whichB. whereC. whichD. that。