2#吸收塔安装方案
2的负次方方程
2的负次方方程
咱先来说说啥是2的负次方吧。
你看啊，2的正次方大家可能比较熟悉，像2的1次方就是2，2的2次方就是2乘以2等于4，2的3次方就是2乘以2再乘以2等于8。
但是这个负次方呢，就有点像反过来的感觉。
2的 -1次方啊，其实就是1除以2，等于0.5呢。
为啥是这样呢？你可以想象一下，正次方是不断地乘以2，那负次方就像是把这个过程倒过来，就是除以2啦。
2的 -2次方呢，就是1除以2再除以2，也就是1除以4，等于0.25。
以此类推，2的 -3次方就是1除以8，等于0.125。
再举个例子哈，要是2的 -x次方等于4分之一呢。
4分之一就是1除以4，也就是2的 -2次方。
那这个方程就变成2的 -x次方等于2的 -2次方，这样就可以得出-x等于 -2，x就等于2啦。
不过呢，有时候方程可能会复杂一点。
比如说有个方程是3乘以2的 -x次方等于2的 -1次方。
咱们先把3除到右边去，2的 -x次方就等于2的 -1次方除以3。
2的 -1次方是0.5嘛，0.5除以3就是1/6。
那我们又要找这个1/6对应的2的负几次方。
1/6大概是1除以6，这个不太好直接看出来是2的负几次方，我们可以把6变成2乘以3，那1/6就是1/(2×3)，也就是1/2乘以1/3。
1/2就是2的 -1次方，那这个1/3就不太好直接用2的负次方表示了。
这时候我们可能就需要用对数来帮忙啦，不过这就有点超纲啦，咱们就先知道简单的情况就好。
高职英语2课文翻译
Unit31.It’s importa nt to know your objecti ves on a busines s trip,and to set out with those goals in mind and how toaccompl ish them.But along the way,somethi ng ratheramazing happens when you travelon busines s.You may go to some prettyamazing places,and get chances to see thingsyou would have never soughtout on your own.翻译：了解出差的目的，出发时牢记目标并清楚如何达成目标，这些都是很重要的。
但在途中也会发生一些有趣的事情。
你可能会去到一些令人惊叹的地方，有机会看到你自己可能永远都发现不了的东西。
s s.There are times when you have complet ed your work and 2.Busines s trips don’t have to be all about busine,attract ions and good food.The first resourc e to find out what is reallyyou can take in some of the local colorn g is the locals. If you go to a faraway town to conduct busines s cool to enjoy in the city or town you are visitiwith a partner or vendor, they are often more than happy to show you the lay of the land and what is fun to see and do in the town.翻译：商务旅行不必都是生意。
汉语 2后面搭配名词
汉语2后面搭配名词
“2”后面可以搭配很多名词，以下是一些常见的例子：
1. 数字：2 后面可以接具体的数字，如20、200、2000 等。
2. 物品：2 后面可以接具体的物品名称，如2 个苹果、2 把椅子、2 本书等。
3. 人员：2 后面可以接具体的人员名称，如2 个学生、2 位老师、2 名医生等。
4. 时间：2 后面可以接具体的时间单位，如2 小时、2 分钟、2 秒钟等。
5. 地点：2 后面可以接具体的地点名称，如2 号楼、2 层、2 号门等。
6. 事件：2 后面可以接具体的事件名称，如2 次会议、2 场比赛、2 个项目等。
实际上“2”后面可以搭配的名词非常丰富，具体取决于上下文和使用场景。
周边地面 2
周边地面——对没有地下室的建筑指底层房间外墙内侧两米范围内的地面。
对有地下室埋墙的建筑，指从室外地面和埋墙的交线算起向下两米内为周边地面。
非周边地面——对没有地下室的房间指底层地面中周边地面以外的部分。
有地下室埋墙的建筑，非周边地面指埋墙和地面面积的和减去从室外地面和埋墙交线算起向下两米的面积。
关于周边地面和非周边地面的几点说明1．周边地面和非周边地面的定义周边地面指距外墙内表面2m以内的地面，其余部分划为非周边地面。
位于室外地面以下的外墙（地下室外墙）应从与室外地面相平的墙壁算起，往下2m范围内为周边地面，其余部分划为非周边地面。
2．节能标准中对周边地面和非周边地面传热阻的计算《民用建筑节能设计标准》（采暖居住部分）JGJ26-95和《公共建筑节能设计标准》GB50189-2005对周边地面和非周边地面热阻采用了不同的计算方法，应分别对待。
A) 居住建筑：换热阻计算依据来源于《供热工程》（贺平孙刚编著）。
由于室内热量通过地面传到室外的路程长短不同，即热阻值不同，靠近外墙的室内地面，距离室外路程短，热阻值小，传热量大，反之远离外墙的地面热阻值大，传热量小，离外墙8m以远的地面，传热量基本不变。
基于上述情况，在工程上一般采用近似方法计算，把地面沿外墙平行的方向分成四个计算地带（每2m为一个地带，8m以外地面按第四地带考虑），如图1示。
1) 对于贴土非保温地面（组成地面的各层材料导热系数λ都大于1.16W/m?℃），各地带的传热系数和换热阻如下：周边地面传热系数限值为0.52 W / m2·℃地区，考虑到非保温地面第一地带（周边地面）的传热系数为0.47 W / m2·℃，小于限值0.5 2W / m2·℃,可不做保温；非周边地面（第二、三、四地带）不做保温时传热系数最大值为0.23 W / m2·℃,小于限值0.3 W / m2·℃，同样也能满足非周边地面限值的要求。
WLAN安全策略-WEP、WPAWPA2、WPA3、
WLAN安全策略-WEP、WPAWPA2、WPA3、常⽤WiFi加密⽅式推荐Wi-Fi 加密⽅式有不加密、WPA2 PSK 模式、 WPA/WPA2 PSK 混合模式、WPA2 PSK/WPA3 SAE 混合模式。
1）加密⽅式设置为不加密时，连接路由器的 Wi-Fi 时⽆需输⼊密码，因此不太安全。
2）WPA2 PSK 的加密⽅式设置⽐ WPA/WPA2 PSK 更安全，但是只有⽤ WPA2 认证的终端才能正常连接，因此会有兼容性问题。
3）加密⽅式设置为 WPA/WPA2 PSK 时，WPA 或 WPA2 认证的终端都可以连接路由器。
4）WPA2 PSK/WPA3 SAE 的加密⽅式⽐ WPA/WPA2 PSK 更安全，WPA2 或 WPA3 认证的终端都可以连接路由器。
建议您将路由器设置为 WPA/WPA2 PSK 混合模式。
WLAN安全策略配置建议WEP有线等效加密WEP（Wired Equivalent Privacy）协议是由802.11标准定义的，⽤来保护⽆线局域⽹中的授权⽤户所传输的数据的安全，防⽌这些数据被窃听。
WEP的核⼼是采⽤RC4算法，加密密钥长度有64位、128位和152位，其中有24bit的IV（初始向量）是由系统产⽣的，所以WLAN服务端和WLAN客户端上配置的密钥长度是40位、104位或128位。
WEP加密采⽤静态的密钥，接⼊同⼀SSID下的所有STA使⽤相同的密钥访问⽆线⽹络。
WEP安全策略WEP安全策略包括了链路认证机制和数据加密机制链路认证机制和数据加密机制。
开放系统认证和共享密钥认证。
详细的内容请参见中的”链路认证阶段“。
链路认证链路认证分为开放系统认证和共享密钥认证如果选择开放系统认证⽅式，链路认证过程不需要WEP加密。
⽤户上线后，可以通过配置选择是否对业务数据进⾏WEP加密。
如果选择共享密钥认证⽅式，链路认证过程中完成了密钥协商。
⽤户上线后，通过协商出来的密钥对业务数据进⾏WEP加密。
2020年考研英语(二)真题及答案
2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试（英语二）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Being a good parent is,of course,what every parent would like to be.But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very1,particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting.A calm,rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than,2,a younger sibling.3,There’s another sort of parent that s a bit easier to4:a patient parent. Children of every age benefit from patient parenting.Still,5every parent would like to be patient,this is no easy6.Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a7and composed style with their kids.I understand this.You’re only human.and sometimes your kids can8you just a little too far.And then the9happens:You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too10and does nobody any good.You wish that you could 11the clock and start over,We’ve all been there:12,even though it’s common,it’s important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue.you can say something to your child that you may13for a long time.Ibis may not only do damage to your relationship with.your child but also14 your child’s self-esteem.If you consistently lose your15with your kids.then you are inadvertently modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids.We are all becoming increasingly aware of the16of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation.This is a skill that will help them all throughout life.In fact,the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when17by stress is one of the most important of all life’s skillsCertainly,it’s incredibly18to maintain patience at all times with your children.A more practical goal is to tr to the best of your ability,to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with19situations involving your children.I can promise you this:As a result of working toward this goal.you and your children will benefitand20from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.1.[A]tedious[B]pleasant[C]instructive[D]tricky2.[A]in addition[B]for example[C]at once[D]by accident3.[A]fortunately[B]occasionally[C]accordingly[D]eventually4.[A]amuse[B]assist[C]describe[D]train5.[A]while[B]because[C]unless[1)]once6.[A]answer[B]task[C]choice[D]access7.[A]tolerant[B]formal[C]rigid[D]critical8.[A]move[B]drag[C]push[D]send9.[A]mysterious[B]illogical[C]suspicious[D]inevitable10.[A]boring[B]naive[C]harsh[D]vague11.[A]turn back[B]take apart[C]set aside[D]cover up12.[A]overall[B]instead[C]however[D]otherwise13.[A]like[B]miss[C]believe[D]regret14.[A]raise[B]affect[C]justify[D]reflect15[A]time[B]bond[C]race[D]cool16.[A]nature[B]secret[C]importance[D]context17.[A]cheated[B]defeated[C]confused[D]confronted1L[A]terrible[B]hard[C]strange[D]wrong19.[A]trying[B]changing[C]exciting[D]surprising20.[A]hide[B]emerge[C]withdraw[D]escapeSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat—one social anti one asocial—for5our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers tapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across18trials each,the living rats were52percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We’d assumed we’d have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings, even when they displayonly simple social signals.”We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.21.Quinn and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can[A]pickup social signals from non-living rats[B]distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one[q attain sociable traits through special training[D]send out warming messages to their fellow22.What did the social robot do during the experiment?[A]It followed the social robot.[B]It played with some toys.[C]It set the trapped Tats free.[D]It moved around alone.23.According to Quinn,the rats released the social robot because they[A]tried to practice a means of escape[B]expected it to do the same in return[C]wanted to display their intelligence[D]considered that an interesting game24.James Wiles notes that rats______[A]can remember other rat’s facial features[B]differentiate smells better than sizes[C]respond more to cations than to looks[D]can be scared by a plastic box on wheels25.It can be learned from the text that rats______[A]appear to be adaptable to new surroundings(B]are more socially active than other animals[C]behave differently from children in socializing[D]are more sensitive to social cues than expectedText2It is fashionable today to bash Big Business.And there is one issue on which the many critics agree:CEO pay.We hear that CEOs are paid too much(or too much relative to workers),or that they rig others’pay,or that their pay is insufficiently related to positive outcomes.But the more likely truth is CEO pay is largely caused by intense competition.It is true that CEO pay has gone up—top ones may make300times the pay of typical workers on average,and since the mid-l970s,CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has,by varying estimates,gone up by about500%The typical CEO of a top American corporation—from the350largest such companies—now makes about$18.9million a year.While individual cases of overpayment definitely exist,in general,the determinants of CEO pay are not so mysterious and not so mired in corruption.Infact,overall CEO compensation for the top companies rises pretty much.In lockstep with the value of those companies on the stock market.The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay,though,is that of limited CEOtalent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly. The efforts ofArnerica’s highest-earning l%have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy.It’s not popular to say,but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs really have upped their game relative to many other workers in the U.S.economy.Today’s CEO,at least for major American firms,must have many more skills than simply being able to“run the company.”CEOs must have a good sense of financial markets and maybe even how the company should trade in them.They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors,as the costs of even a minor slipup can be significant.Then there’s the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before,with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries.To lead in that s stem requires knowledge that is fairlymind-boggling.There is yet another trend:virtually all major American companies are becoming tech companies,one way or another.An agribusiness company for instance,may focus on R&D in highly IT-intensive areas such as genome sequencing.Similarly;it is hard to do a good job running the Walt Disney Company just by picking good movie scripts and courting stars;you also need to build a firm capable of creating significant CGI products for animated movies at the highest levels of technical sophistication and with many frontier innovations along the way.On top of all of this,major CEOs still have to do the job they have always done—which includes motivating employees,serving as an internal role model, helping to define and extend a corporate culture,understanding the internal accounting,and presenting budgets and business plans to the board.Good CEOs are some of the world’s most potent creators and have some of the very deepest skills of understanding.26.which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise?A.The growth in the number of cooperationsB.The general pay rise with a better economyC.Increased business opportunities for top firmsD.Close cooperation among leading economicspared with their predecessors,today’s CEOs are required to_.A.foster a stronger sense of teamworkB.finance more research and developmentC.establish closer ties with tech companiesD.operate more globalized companies28.CEO pay has been rising since the1970s despite.A.continual internal oppositionB.strict corporate governanceC.conservative business strategiesD.repeated governance warnings29.High CEO pay can be justified by the fact that it helps.A.confirm the status of CEOsB.motive inside candidatesC.boost the efficiency of CEOsD.increase corporate value30.The most suitable title for this text would be.A.CEOs Are Not OverpaidB.CEO Pay:Past and PresentC.CEOs’Challenges of TodayD.CEO Traits:Not Easy to DefineText3Madrid was hailed as a public health beacon last November when it rolled out ambitious restrictions on the most polluting cars.Seven months and one election day later,a new conservative city council suspended enforcement of the clean air zone,a first step toward its possible demise.Mayor Jose Luis Martinez-Almeida made opposition to the zone a centrepiece of his election campaign,despite its success in improving air quality.A judge has now overruled the city’s decision to stop levying fines,ordering them reinstated.But with legal baffles ahead,the zone’s future looks uncertain at best.Among other weaknesses,the measures cities must employ when left to tackle dirty air on their own are politically contentious,and therefore vulnerable.That’s because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning the air on to individual drivers—who must pay fees or buy better vehicles—rather than on to the car manufacturers whose cheating is the real cause of our toxic pollution.It’s not hard to imagine a similar reversal happening in London.The newultra-low emission zone(Ulez)is likely to be a big issue in next year’s mayoral election.And if Sadiq Khan wins and extends it to the North and South Circular roads in2021as he intends,it is sure to spark intense opposition from the far larger number of motorists who will then be affected.It’s not that measures such as London’s Ulez are useless.Far from it.Local officials are using the levers that are available to them to safeguard residents’health in the face of a serious threat.The zones do deliver some improvements to air quality,and the science tells us that means real health benefits-fewer heart attacks, stokes and premature births,less cancer,dementia and asthma.Fewer untimely deaths.But mayors and councilors can only do so much about a problem that is far bigger than any one city or town.They are acting because national governments—Britain’s and others across Europe—have failed to do so.Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas—city centres,”school streets”,even individual roads-are a response to the absence of alarger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance-Wales has introduced special low speed limits to minimise pollution.We re doing everything but insist that manufacturers clean up their cars.31.Which of the following is true about Madrid’s clean air zone?[A]Its effects are questionable[B]It has been opposed by a judge[C]It needs tougher enforcement[D]Its fate is yet to be decided32.Which is considered a weakness of the city-level measures to tackle dirty air?[A]They are biased against car manufacturers.[B]They prove impractical for city councils.[C]They are deemed too mild for politicians.[D]They put too much burden on individual motorists.33.The author believes that the extension of London’s Ulez will.[A]arouse strong resistance.[B]ensure Khan’s electoral success.[C]improve the city’s traffic.[D]discourage car manufacturing.34.Who does the author think should have addressed the problem?[A]Local residents[B]Mayors.[C]Councilors.[D]National governments.35.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that auto companies-[A]will raise low-emission car production[B]should be forced to follow regulations[C]will upgrade the design of their vehicles[D]should be put under public supervisionText4Now that members of Generation Z are graduating college this spring—the mostcommonly-accepted definition says this generation was born after1995,give or take a year—the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks.GenZs are about to hit the streets looking for work in a labor market that’s tighter than its been in decades.And employers are planning on hiring about17percent more new graduates for jobs in the U.S.this year than last,according to a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers.Everybody wants to know how the people who will soon inhabit those empty office cubicles will differ from those who came before them.If“entitled”is the most common adjective,fairly or not,applied to milennials (those born between1981and1995),the catchwords for Generation Z are practicaland cautious.According to the career counselors and experts who study them, Generation Zs are clear-eyed,economic pragmatists.Despite graduating into the best economy in the past50years,Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like.They were impressionable kids during the crash of2008,when many of their parents lost their jobs or their life savings or bo&They aren’t interested in taking any chances.The booming economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency,especially for those who have college debt-College loan balances in the U.S.now stand at a record$1.5trillion,according to the Federal Reserve.One survey from Accenture found that88percent of graduating seniors this year chose their major with ajob in mind.In a2019survey of University of Georgia students,meanwhile,the career office found the most desirable trait in a future employer was the ability to offer secure employment(followed by professional development and training,and then inspiring purpose)Job security or stability was the second most important career goal(work-life balance was number one), followed by a sense of being dedicated to a cause or to feel good about serving the greater good36.Generation Zs graduating college this spring-[A]are recognized for their abilities[B]are in favor of job offers[C]are optimistic about the labor market[D]are drawing growing public attention37.Generation Zs are keenly aware_______[A]what a tough economic situation is like[B]what their parents expect of them[C]how they differ from past generations[D]how valuable a counselor’s advice is38.The word“assuage”(line9,para2)is closet in meaning to________[A]define[B]relieve[C]maintain[D]deepen39.It can be learned from Paragraph3that Generation Zs_______[A]care little about their job performance[B]give top priority to professional training[C]think it hard to achieve work-life balance[D]have a clear idea about their future job40.Michelsen thinks that compared with milennials,Generation Zs are_______[A]less realistic[B]less adventurous[C]more diligent[D]more generousPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)[A]Give compliments,just not too many.[B]Put on a good face,always.[C]Tailor your interactions.[D]Spend time with everyone.[E]Reveal,don’t hide information.[F]Slow down and listen.[G]Put yourselves in others’shoes.Five Ways to Win Over Everyone in the OfficeIs it possible to like everyone in your office?Think about how tough it is to get together15people,much less50,who all get along perfectly.But unlike in friendships,you need coworkers.You work with them every day and you depend on them just as they depend on you.Here are some ways that you can get the whole office on your side.41.If you have a bone to pick with someone in your workplace,you may try stay tight-lipped around them.But you won’t be helping either one of you.A Harvard Business School study found that observers consistently rated those who were frank about themselves more highly while those who hid lost trustworthiness.The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book,but rather,when given the option to offer up details about yourself or painstakingly conceal them,you should just be honest42.Just as important as being honest about yourself is being receptive to others. We often feel the need to tell others how we feel,whether it’s a concern about a project,a stray thought,or a compliment.Those are all valid,but you need to take time to hear out your coworkers,too.In fact,rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don’t value their opinions.Do your best to engage coworkers in a genuine,back-and-forth conversation,rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.43.It’s common to have a“cubicle mate”or special confidant in a work setting.But in addition to those trusted coworkers,you should expand your horizons and find out about all the people around e your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you don’t always see.Find out about their lives and interests beyond the job.It requires minimal effort and goes a long way.This will help to grow your internal network,in addition to being a nice break in the work day.44-Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear.And you don’t have to be someone’s boss to tell them they did an exceptional job on a particular project.This will help engender good will in others.But don’t overdo it or be fake about it One study found that people responded best to comments that shifted from negative to positive,possibly because it suggested they had won somebody over.45.This one may be a bit more difficult to pull off but it can go a long way to achieving results.Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction.Watch out for how they verbalize with others.Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters,while other are more straightforward.Jokes that work one person won’t necessarily land with another.So, adapt your style accordingly to type.Consider the person that you’re dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese.Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)It’s almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure.People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere.Put simply,they’re not really living at all.But,the wonderful thing about failure is that it’s entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as“the end of the world,”or as proof of just how inadequate we are.Or,we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is.Every time we fail at something.we can choose to look for the lesson we’re meant to learn.These lessons are very important,they’re how we grow,and how we keep from making that same mistake again.Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise.For instance,failure can help you discover how strong a person you are.Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends,or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.Section IV WritingPartA46.Directions:Suppose you are planning a tour of a historical site for a group of international students.Write an email to1)tell them about the site,and2)give them some tips for the tourPlease write your answer on the ANSWER SHEETDo nor use your own name,use“Li Ming”instead.(10points)Part B47.Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below.In your writing,you should1)interpret the chart,and2)give your commentsYou should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)2020年考研英语二答案解析Section I Use of English1.【答案】D tricky【解析】此处考察词义辨析+上下文语境。
现代大学英语中级写作(上)_Unit 2
No mistakes
Questions to think about Is this a directive or informative process
analysis? It is an informative process analysis giving the history of Liquid Paper. What is the central idea of the essay? Is the thesis statement presented or implied? The central idea is how Liquid Paper was invented and how it became a big business. The thesis statement is implied.
What is Process Analysis?
• A process analysis(PA) is a step-by-step explanation of how to do something , or how something works/ is done or made, or how something happened.
2的书写方法
2的书写方法在日常生活中，我们经常会涉及到数字2的书写。
无论是在学习、工作还是生活中，正确的书写方法都是非常重要的。
下面，我们就来详细了解一下数字2的书写方法。
首先，我们要明确数字2的基本形态。
数字2是阿拉伯数字中的一个，它的基本形态是一个弯曲的弧线，上面有一个小圆圈。
这是我们最常见的数字2的书写形式，也是最标准的书写形式。
在书写时，我们需要注意保持数字2的整体形状，保持圆润、匀称，不要出现歪斜、变形等情况。
其次，我们要注意数字2的书写顺序。
在书写数字2时，一般是从上到下、从左到右的书写顺序。
首先画出数字2的上半部分的曲线，然后再画下半部分的曲线，最后在上半部分的曲线上方画一个小圆圈。
这样的书写顺序可以帮助我们更好地掌握数字2的书写方法，保持数字的整体形状和美观度。
除了基本形态和书写顺序外，我们还需要了解数字2的书写规范。
在正式的文件、文书、报告中，数字2的书写需要符合一定的规范。
一般来说，数字2要与其他数字保持一致的字体、大小和风格，以保持整个文档的统一性和美观度。
在手写时，我们也需要注意字迹工整、规范，避免出现潦草、模糊的情况。
此外，数字2的书写还需要注意与其他数字的区分。
在一些情况下，数字2可能会与字母z混淆，因此在书写时要特别小心，确保数字2的书写清晰可辨，不会引起误解。
总的来说，正确的数字2的书写方法对我们的学习、工作和生活都是非常重要的。
通过掌握数字2的基本形态、书写顺序和书写规范，我们能够更好地书写出整洁、规范的数字2，提高书写质量，避免出现错误和混淆。
希望大家能够重视数字2的书写方法，不断提升自己的书写水平，为自己的学习和工作增添亮点。
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大唐发电厂1号、2号机组（2×300MW）烟气超低排放改造工程项目2#吸收塔安装施工案编制：审核：批准：龙净环保股份大唐项目部2015-10-02目录1、施工围2、编制依据3、施工准备3．1 材料设备3．2 施工机械3．3 技术资料3．4 计量器具及特殊工具4、施工工序4．1 流程图4．2 工序法5、控制点6、安全技术措施、危险源、危险点辨识及风险评价7、环境保护措施8、质量标准1、施工围吸收塔安装包括：壳体组合焊接安装，部安装，烟气出口安装，外接管座安装，平台扶梯安装；保温骨架安装，部防腐，除雾器，喷淋管，氧化空气管安装，底板防腐，吸收塔封闭。
2、编制依据2．1龙净环保股份提供的施工图纸, 吸收塔安装技术规2．2规、标准《电力建设施工及验收技术规》（锅炉篇）DL/T5047-95《电力建设施工及技术规》（火力发电厂焊接篇）DL5007-92《电力建设安全工作规程》DL5009、1-92《焊缝坡口的基本形式及尺寸》GB986-883、施工准备3．1措施性材料准备措施性材料一览表：3．2 施工机械塔式轨道起重机16吨1台汽车吊20吨1台汽车载重20吨1辆电焊机AX-100 16台砂轮切割机2台抛光机10台3．3 技术资料凯迪电力股份有关脱硫工程图纸、吸收塔安装技术规厂有关吸收塔图纸及说明书3．4 计量器具游标卡尺0-300 2把卷尺3m 4把盘尺50m 2把线坠（1P）6件刀形样板平尺300m 4把铁水平500mm 2台水平仪1台经纬仪2台4、施工工序4．1 流程图：施工前准备设备清点基础划线垫铁安装环板安装地脚螺栓安装底板支架安装底板二次灌浆底板安装壳体预组合壳体加强筋安装壳体吊装壳体安装壳盖安装人安装部支架安装烟气进出口安装各种口安装外接管座安装平台扶梯安装除雾器安装喷淋管安装吸收塔封闭灌水试验4．2工序法根据安装技术的管理法及安装工艺，充分熟悉图纸及相关标准，逐级进行技术交底，根据施工图纸的设计要求确定合理的安装工艺。
4．2．1技术准备有关起重数据计算：a、根据5#吸收塔壁板展开图计算有关塔壳组合的每一节壳体尺寸如下：表一吸收塔每节壳体尺寸、标高及重量b、表二：查塔式轨道起重机技术手册c、由前表一查出需要吊起的塔壳筒体的最大重量和最大高度分别如下：1）、每件Q max(最大) ＜10吨H max=36米2）、经计算吊具包括吊杆、钢丝绳、吊钩、横吊梁的重量Q吊具约1.6吨。
3）、需要起吊的最大重量Q需max=Q max+Q吊具=11.57 吨现场塔机安装位置到5#吸收塔水平中心距离实测R1=20米。
见下图塔式轨道起重机图4-1因此，所要起吊的半径R=20米。
4）、查表塔式轨道起重机起重半径R=27米时，起重高度H=60米，Q允=16.1吨＞Q需max=10吨。
可见，塔式轨道起重机能够在起重半径R=20米，最大起重高度H max=36米时，完全满足5#、6#吸收塔任一节壳体起吊的需求。
5）、钢丝绳选择现场使用φ30 6×37+1钢丝绳，采用4点吊法，4段受力。
查有关建筑工程施工手册：K= Fg/[Fg]Fg=529.0KN—钢丝绳的破断力总和；[Fg]=115.7KN—钢丝绳允拉力；即需要起吊的最大重量。
K—安全系数；K=Fg×4/[Fg]=1×529×4/115.7=18.2﹥10显然，采用现场使用的φ30钢丝绳安全可靠。
其公称抗拉强度为1550N/mm2。
吊装法：a、每层壳体壁上表面距下表面1／3处，竖立均布焊接4个吊鼻，如下图，吊鼻用δ20钢板现场制作。
每层塔壳高度图4-2上图为吊鼻焊接位置图b、吊鼻用δ20钢板现场制作，尺寸如下：图4-3c、吊杆用[20×13600槽钢制作，共4根，单根吊杆尺寸，开口如下图：图4-4吊杆布置示意图如下：``` `````图4-5 a′处吊杆与吊鼻用卡环或钢丝绳相联系；b′为4吊点，联接钢丝绳、绳扣、卡环；c：吊具重量计算：Q＝Q具＋Q杆＝0.5吨＋8×11.5×22＝1.6吨用4点起吊法，水平起吊如下图：5吨导链````钢丝绳图4-6其中b ′为吊点，共4个，3个吊点用绳扣、卡环与塔机吊钩相连，另一个吊点用5吨倒链一个与塔机吊钩相连。
起吊过程需专业人员在地而指挥，专业塔机司机操作。
起吊过程中防壳体碰撞建筑物，吊件变形。
4．2．2 施工前准备根据技术交底的容，施工前各施工人员必须首先熟悉图纸，了解施工步骤及法，并准备好各施工用具及技术资料。
4．2．3设备清点及检查设备到货按照供货清单和图纸设计清点零部件，清点时应有甲、监理及厂家代表在场，并及时作出清点报告，如与供货清点不符，应注明原因，并与厂家代表商议尽快补发短缺设备。
对于大件，应按照图纸设计检查各部件尺寸（包括弯曲度、长度偏差等）及表面焊缝是否有缺陷，出现重缺陷应上报甲、监理及厂代。
4．2．4基础放线根据图纸及基准标高和经纬线放出每个支腿的准确位置，同时，把固定环板的每套地脚螺栓的两边垫铁位置线划出，并且把垫铁位置地面凿平。
4．2．5垫铁安装根据垫铁的放线位置，放置垫铁，确保垫铁位置及标高符合图纸及有关技术要求。
4．2．6环板安装垫铁安装好后，根据图纸要求把环板及地埋螺栓放置至安装位置，对环板进行找正，找正后，调整地埋螺栓的位置及高度；然后，对环板拼缝进行焊接，焊接时，采取相关措施，确保环板不变形。
4．2．7 环板地脚螺栓灌浆地脚螺栓安装后，单独对地脚螺栓进行灌浆，灌浆时一定要保证地脚螺栓的位置不变，并保证螺栓不受损坏。
螺丝扣保护好。
4．2．8底板梁安装根据图纸要求及基础放线，安装底板支架，安装支架时，按照有关要求控制支架的位置及标高，焊接顺序从中心向四对称焊接，平整度≤3mm。
4．2．9底板二次灌浆底板支架安装完毕后，对底板进行二次灌浆，灌浆时保证上平面平整度符合有关技术要求。
4．2．10底板安装底板二次灌浆达到强度要求后，并涂防腐沥青漆，安装底板，底板焊缝焊接时，对接间隙2-3mm，焊接时钢板放上重物3-5T，并应注意焊接顺序，由中心向两侧分段退步焊，以保证底板焊接变形在技术要求允围。
表面质量检查：凹坑，锈斑用抛光机打磨平整，小坑深小于0.5mm打磨平，大于0.5mm先补焊再打磨，肉眼能见的沟槽打磨平，鳞片表面打磨平。
由专职质检员跟踪监督检查，经监理认可后，可进行下道工序施工。
4．2．11吸收塔壳体组合由于受到场地的限制，用6#吸收塔基础场地做为5#吸收塔安装的组合平台使用。
因此，5 #吸收塔组合施工在6#吸收塔塔底进行；以6#吸收塔环板为组合平台。
壳体组合组合顺序：由下至上；按图纸、按编号核对每节筒体片状部件，每件重＜10T，经检查核对合格，可进行组合施工。
a、组合平台制作用工字钢H25，槽钢[14，钢板δ10，角钢L60，制作组合平台。
组合平台示意图如下：图4-71) 组合平台工字钢、槽钢、钢板支撑要焊接牢固。
2）组合平台的上表面控制在同一水平高度，任意两点之间，水平度偏差控制在±1mm 之。
3）以O点为圆心，半径6800画圆，用红色油漆划出与组合平台上表面的交线。
该红色线即为吸收塔壳体径的定位线。
b、进行预组装由吊车将每节片状壳体部件吊至组合平台，垂直放在组合平台上接口找正。
测量：每片上下表面的圆度，垂直度，圆半径、上、下表面标高（测12个均布点）任意两边上表面水平度，在标准误差围。
筒璧纵向对接不允有间隙。
c、进行焊接。
1）焊接按照制订的焊接工艺氩弧焊打底，手工电弧焊工艺规程执行。
焊接后复测圆度，塔壁圆任意两点水平度，单圈壁板组合沿围测12点，垂直度，塔壁半径，塔壁环向对间隙，按板材相应的厚度，均控制在标准允的误差围之。
并预留一道调整焊缝，以保证直径在公差围。
2）焊缝先大坡口后小坡口。
各焊工步调一致，电压电流焊速差异≤10﹪d、焊后进行表面质量检测：每层壳体的竖向焊缝焊到距边缘200mm，以便于以后调整，焊接接头表面无有裂纹，气、弧坑、夹渣等缺陷，没有熔渣与飞溅，咬边深度不得大于0.5mm。
环焊缝，8名焊工同时对称施焊，差异≤10﹪进行射线无损检测，进行超声波无损检测。
作好焊接质量检测记录及实验报告。
上述组合质量由专业技术负责人和监理认可签字后，可进行下道工序。
4．2．12壳体安装安装顺序：由下至上。
a、吸收塔每层壳体组合完毕，经检测质量达标后进行吊装。
吊装法按前面所述4点吊，水平起吊，由专业吊车司机和地面指挥人员负责。
b、每层壳体吊至吸收塔处后，进行对口，测量。
焊接，再测量，壁打磨，焊缝检验。
表面质量检测的容如下：1）、每层塔壳标高允偏差;2）、塔壁圆上任意两点水平允偏差，向测24点;3）、单圈壁板组合铅垂（测12个点）允的偏差;4）、塔壁半径允偏差（测24点）;5）、塔壁环向对接间隙允值（按板材厚度而定）; 6）、筒壁纵向对接间隙允值（按板材厚度而定）; 7）、上、下塔壁对口，侧错向量允值;8）、塔壁相邻凹凸变形在1.5m长度围允值；9）、外圆长（沿高度向测6个点）允偏差；10）、壳体中心偏移允值；（见附表）上述检测的质量容均控制在标准要求的围。
c、无损检测1）射线无损检测：环向焊缝沿围4处，达到Ⅲ级；纵向焊缝1处，达到Ⅲ级；T形交叉焊缝100%达到Ⅲ级；2）超声波无损检测基础环板的对接焊缝100%，达到Ⅲ级；原烟气入口烟道以上部分：环向焊缝≥100%，沿围四处，达到Ⅱ级；纵向焊缝≥100%，达到Ⅱ级；T型交叉焊100%，达到Ⅱ级；3）着色无损检测基底板100% ，达到Ⅱ级；作好无损检测记录和报告。
上述工序检查、质量合格后，经技术负责人和监理认可可进行上一层壳体的组合，吊装，安装。
4．2．13收塔壳体加强筋安装每层环型加强筋的安装均随壳体同步进行。
焊接形式，标准、质量按图纸施工，安装。
凡加强筋安装覆盖焊缝的地，必须进行焊缝探伤后进行。
加强筋安装后检测：标高允偏差，加强筋与筒壁焊缝间隙，加强筋对接焊口间隙，相邻两加强筋错口允值控制在标准允值的围之。
全体壳体安装完毕，检测合格经监理认可后，可进行以下工序施工安装。
4．2．14塔顶组合与安装1 ）塔顶组合壁向上，在平台上按合理顺序组合构件，8名焊工按中心向两侧分段逆向焊接。
2 ）塔顶的安装安装时翻转180º，4名焊工对称焊接，先焊壁再焊外壁，最后焊加强圈。
中心标高、半径、中心漂移，允偏差，局部凹凸变形均格控制在标准允的围之。
4．2．15部支架安装部支架安装要求搭接牢固，利于施工操作。
4．2．16烟气进出口，管道接口，所有开安装。
开接口位置格按照图纸控制各口的中心标高，进行精确定位，以此保证口位置的准确性。
a、开口法1）定位各口中心标高，标高允偏差±0.5mm2）各口相对位置及角度，角度允误差≤0.05°。