物流专业英语Unit 2 Supply chain
物流专业英语试题及答案
物流专业英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题1分，共10分）1. What does the acronym "3PL" stand for in logistics?A. Third Party LogisticsB. Three Party LogisticsC. Third Party LiabilitiesD. Third Party Law2. The term "EDI" refers to:A. Electronic Data InterchangeB. Electronic Document InterchangeC. Electronic Device InterfaceD. Electronic Document Integration3. What is the primary purpose of a warehouse in logistics?A. To store goods for future saleB. To provide a place for goods to be manufacturedC. To transport goods to their final destinationD. To sell goods directly to consumers4. Which of the following is not a mode of transportation?A. RoadB. RailC. AirD. Warehouse5. The term "inventory" in logistics refers to:A. The process of moving goods from one place to anotherB. The goods that are held in stock awaiting saleC. The process of receiving goods from suppliersD. The process of delivering goods to customers6. What is the role of a logistics manager?A. To manage the financial aspects of a companyB. To oversee the operations of a logistics departmentC. To design and manufacture productsD. To handle customer service inquiries7. Which of the following is a type of transportation document?A. Bill of LadingB. Bill of SaleC. Bill of ExchangeD. Bill of Rights8. What is the meaning of "LTL" in logistics?A. Less Than LoadB. Large Transport LoadC. Long Term LeaseD. Limited Time Limit9. The term "drop shipping" refers to a method where:A. The seller stores and ships the goods themselvesB. The manufacturer ships the goods directly to the customerC. The goods are shipped from one warehouse to anotherD. The goods are shipped to a central distribution center10. Which of the following is not a function of supply chainmanagement?A. PlanningB. SourcingC. ManufacturingD. Advertising答案：1-5 A A A A B6-10 B A A B D二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）1. The process of managing the flow of goods and information from the point of origin to the point of consumption is known as the _______ chain.2. In logistics, the term "lead time" refers to the _______ it takes for an order to be delivered after it has been placed.3. The acronym "FCL" stands for _______ Container Load.4. A _______ is a person or company that arranges the transportation of goods for others.5. The term "cross docking" refers to the practice of _______ goods as they are received and shipping them out without storing them.6. A _______ is a document that provides evidence of the terms of a contract for the transportation of goods.7. The process of managing the movement and storage of goods from raw material stage to the finished goods stage is known as _______ management.8. The term "hub-and-spoke" refers to a _______ model where goods are transported to a central hub and then distributed to various locations.9. The acronym "TMS" stands for _______ Management System.10. The _______ is the person responsible for ensuring that the cargo is properly loaded, secured, and unloaded.答案：1. supply2. time3. Full4. freight forwarder5. unloading and reloading6. contract of carriage7. inventory8. logistics9. Transportation10. stevedore三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. 简述物流中的“Just-In-Time”（JIT）库存管理的概念。
物流专业英语(第5版)Ch2 课后练习答案[6页]
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Ch2 第2章Supply Chain Management 第1课I Phrases translation供应链supply chain最终用户end customers供应链管理supply chain management 货物流product flow核心能力core competency信息流information flow因果图cause-and-effect diagram 人力资源human resource上游供应商upper stream supplier 供应链整合supply chain integration 下游企业down stream firm物资供应material procurement 流程图flow diagram预定程序booking-in processII Fill in the blank and put the sentence into Chinese1、supplier , customer供应链管理是供应商与最终客户间的连接网络系统。
2、procure, transform, deliver供应链管理是采购原料和服务、生产/转型形成中间产品和最终产品，并将其发送至客户的各种活动的整合。
3、Technology技术在提高企业总体供应链能力上具有更为重要的作用。
4、improving the relationships of the parties on the chain.供应链整合目标实际上始于提高链上成员之间的关系5、brainstorming , cause-and-effect项目组和那些参与这一进程的人开了一个下午的会议，这种头脑风暴会议的结果产生了一个因果图。
III.Listen to the interview, and answer to the following questions：TapescriptProf. GARY GEREFFI: Wal-Mart, as an efficiency machine, has just done better than any other U.S. retailer, or perhaps any other U.S. company in history.HEDRICK SMITH: With other mass retail chains, like Target and K-Mart,Wal-Mart generated a revolution in how goods are produced, a shift from what's called "push production" to "pull production."Prof. EDNA BONACICH, U.C. Riverside: The push system involved manufacturers deciding what they're going to produce and then trying to get retailers to buy it and sell it for them. The pull system involves retailers deciding what is being sold, collecting information on what is being sold, and then telling manufacturers what to produce and when to produce it based on what is actually being sold.HEDRICK SMITH: Wal-Mart's pull is so powerful that here in Bentonville, manufacturers have set up satellite sales offices. In what's now known as Vendorville, I found a Who's Who of Wal-Mart vendors. In one corporate office park, I found a sock manufacturer, Kentucky Derby Hosiery. Its CEO is Bill Nichol.BILL NICHOL, CEO, Kentucky Derby Hosiery: Yes. If you want to sellWal-Mart, you know, you need to come to Bentonville. It's been that way for a long time. I don't see that that's going to change. So people who travel a lot found it maybe more convenient just to have an office here, that they were continuously coming to Bentonville, so a lot of them just moved here, or at least opened an office here. HEDRICK SMITH: The suppliers come in droves, hungry for big contracts. They get herded into little rooms for bargaining sessions with Wal-Mart buyers.BILL NICHOL: They force all of us, by really good business discipline, to be sure we're paying attention at all times to what their customers want to buy. It serves the purpose of saying, "This is what they want, and they want to buy it at this price." Therefore, that's what we'd better be doing, our little company.HEDRICK SMITH: The focus is on what matters most to Wal-Mart: prices.JON LEHMAN, Former Wal-Mart Store Manager: Well, it's very one-sided. There is no negotiation. There's not much negotiation at all. The manufacturer walks into the room. I've been in these little cubicles, I've seen it happen. The buyer says, "Look, we want you to sell it to us for 5 percent on a dollar – at cost – lower this year than you did last year."They know every fact and figure that these manufacturers have. They know their books. They know their costs. They know their business practices– everything, you know? So what's a manufacturer left to do? They sit naked in front of Wal-Mart. You know, Wal-Mart calls the shots. "If you want to do business with us, if you want tostay in business, then you're going to do it our way." And it's all about driving down the cost of goods.Prof. NELSON LICHTENSTEIN: The power of Wal-Mart is such, it's reversed a 100-year history in which the manufacturer was powerful and the retailer was sort of the vassal. It's changed that. It turned that around entirely. Now the retailer, the mass global retailer, is at the center. That's the power. And the manufacturer becomes the serf, the vassal, the underling who has to do the bidding of the retailer. That's a new thing.第2课I Phrases translation供应链战略supply chain strategy 多供应商战略many suppliers strategy 少数供应商战略few suppliers strategy 纵向整合战略vertical integration企业集团keiretsu networks 虚拟企业virtual company前向整合forward integration 后向整合backward integration 规模经济economy of scale成本降低cost reductionII Fill in the blank and put the sentence into Chinese1、demands, specifications, low bidder, supplier在多供应商战略中，各供应商对采购方的报价要求中的需求和规格做出回应，订单往往是为报价较低者所获得。
物流专业英语课件10-Chapter TenSupply Chains
It is a strategic orientation toward cooperative efforts to synchronize and converge intra-firm and inter-firm operational and strategic capabilities into a unified whole.
10.3.2 The role of trust in supply chain relationship
In supply chain relationship, trust as a governance mechanism plays a crucial role in sharing information among business partners. It serves as a coordinating mechanism, can effectively reduce the transaction cost, increase flexibility, and prevent short-sighted opportunism.
10.2 SCM and logistics
10.2.1 The definition of SCM
Supply Chain Management is the systemic, strategic coordination of the traditional business functions and the tactics across these business functions within a particular company and across businesses within the supply chain for the purposes of improving the long-term performance of the individual companies and the supply chain as a whole.
物流专业英语 two
Component of a Logistics System
A logistics system can be made up of many different functional activities, some of which are described briefly below. Customer service: Customer service is the output of a logistics system. It involves getting the right product to the right customer at the right place, in the right condition and at the right time, at the lowest total cost possible. Demand forecasting/planning: Logistics usually becomes involved in forecasting how much should be ordered from its suppliers, and how much of finished product should be transported or held in each market. In some firms, logistics may even plan production. Inventory management: Inventory management involves the balance of the level of inventory held to achieve high customer service levels with the cost of holding inventory. Logistics information: Information links all areas of the logistics system together. Information processing is becoming increasingly automated, complex, and rapid. It is key to the efficient functioning of system. Material handling: Material handling is a broad area concerning all movements of raw materials, work in process, or finished goods within a factory or warehouse. Order processing: Order processing is the system a firm has for getting orders from customers, checking on the status of orders and communicating to customers about them, and actually filling the order and making it available to the customer. Packaging: Packaging can convey important information to inform the customer and provide protection during storage and transport. Pleasing packaging also can attract the customer’s attention. Procurement: Procurement is the purchase of materials and services from outside to support the firm ’s operations from production to marketing, sales, and logistics. Return goods handling: Returns may take place because of a problem with the performance of the item or simply because the customer changed mind. Return goods handling is complex and costly. Reverse logistics: Reverse logistics is involved in removal and disposal of waste materials left over from the production, distribution, or packaging processes. Transportation: Transportation involves selection of the mode, the routing of the shipment, compliance with regulations in the region of the country, and selection of the carriers. Warehousing: warehousing and storage activities relate to warehouse layout, design, ownership, automation, training of employees, and related issues.
物流英语Unit 2
be concerned with 关心／在意 The company is very concerned with feedbacks from their clients. 公司很关心客户的反馈。 The new president is specially concerned with the improvement in logistics management. 新的总裁尤其关心如何改善物流管理。
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7. Consistency refers to a firm's ability to perform at the expected delivery time over a large number of performance cycles. 一致性是指公司在预定发货时间内完成超绩效任 务的能力。
It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami. 据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。
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④ It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词 + that…
你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。
It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party. 没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。
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③ It + be + 过去分词 + that …. 该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide等。
物流专业英语参考答案
ReferencesUnit 1 An Introduction to Business LogisticsPart II. Exercises for Dialogue 1Answer the following questions according to the dialogue.1.Logistics means to supply the right product at the right time in theright quantity in the right condition at the right place for the right customer at the right price.2.It includes the procurement, maintainance, distribution andreplacement of personnel and material.3.These two concepts are the same meanings. Logistics is generalmeaning and includes military definition and business definition.Business logistics stresses special term on a trade or business. Exercises for Dialogue 21.(Opening)2.(Opening)Part III. Practical ReadingsExercises for Text 1I. Answer the following questions:1. Business logistics means to be defined as a business-planning framework for the management of material, service, information and capital flows.2. Business logistics involves the following activities: demand forecasting,procurement, materials handling, packaging, warehouse and inventory management, ordering processing, logistics communications, transport, customer service and so on.3. The role of logistics is to maintain the balance between the minute details and the main elements involved in a product.II.1.商务物流管理有不同版本的不同定义 2 必要资源的利用3. 逆向货物的搬运4. 人员和材料的补充5. 复杂信息6. 现代的商业环境7. 需求预测8. 设施场地选择9. 公司最重要的财富10. 公司战略抉择走势评定III. definitions—heart---output---service---strategyIV. 1. 这一非常宽广的物流观点把单一的供应链与贸易公司的方方面面整合在一起。
物流专业英语
物流专业英语 十
• • • • • • • • 1. raw materials 原材料; 2. finished goods 成品; 3. production cost 生产成本; 4. product cost 产品成本； 九 5. aggregate product cost 产品总成本； 6. logistic activity 物流活动； 7. railway 铁路； 8. highway 高速公路.
物流专业英语 十一
• • • • • • • • 1. port of unloading 卸货港 2. port of loading 装运港 3. container 集装箱 九 4. FOB 离岸价 5. CFR 到岸价（无保险） 6. CIF 到岸价（含保险） 7. the time of shipment 装运时间，船期 8. shipping space 仓位
物流专业英语 十二
• • • • • • • • 1. FCL 整箱货，整柜装箱装载 2. LCL 拼箱货，散货拼箱 装载 3. TEUs 20英尺标准箱 4. FEUs 40英尺标准箱 九 5. international freight forwarder 国际代运公司 6. customs 海关 7. forwarder 货代（货运代理） 8. shipping agent 船运代理人
物流专业英语 九
• • • • • • • 1. motor transportation 汽车运输； 2. rail transportation 铁路运输； 3. air transportation 航空运输； 4. water transportation水路运输； 5. pipeline transportation 管道运输； 6. point-of-origin 原产地（origin place）； 7. point-of-consumption 消费地点(place of consumption)； • 8. logistician• • • • • • • • 1. logistics 物流 2. article 物品 3. goods 商品 4. cargo 货物，船货 5. logistics activy 物流活动 6. logistics cost 物流成本 7. logistics management 物流管理 8. supply logistics 供应物流
物流专业英语CHAPTER II
SCM focus on the channel relationship management Thus the focus of supply chain management is upon the
management of relationships in order to achieve a more profitable outcome for all parties in the chain. This brings with it some difficulties since there may be occasions when the narrow self-interest of one party has to be included for the benefit of the chain as a wance of the Supply Chain
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2）What aspects does a supply chain include？
It includes suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, distribution centres (DCs) and retail outlets.
3）What is the role of logistics in the supply chain?
供应链的目的就是要优化生产前后期的库存水平、从整个公司 的劳动力、设备和场地获取更高的效率，并提供灵活的规 划及控制机制。
A distribution chart 配送图
运输 和物流应用
包裹贴标签 配送商 中心仓库 车队管理
is a product? 什么是产品？
产品是指一个单位在业务过程中向市场供应的物品。在下面的 生产品供应链中，产品指的是最终落入消费者手中的物品。 （未完再续）
（Continued续）It may be a new car, a television set, a tin of beans, etc. Other possible products include new buildings, roads or transport services and there will be associated with each of these a supply chain that describes the process by which they are delivered to the buyer.
为什么供应链管理是重要的？ 在2006年，美国公司在与供应相关联的活动（产品在整个供应
链中的流转、存储和控制）花费超过1万亿美元（占GNP的 10%）. 在供应链中消除低效率可以给公司节约数以百万计美元。
The objectives of the SCM: It is essential for the supply chain model to balance the costs (direct
什么是供应链管理？ 供应链管理(SCM) 涉及到供应链中对材料流、信息流和资金流
所进行的整合、协调和控制。
供应链管理图
What is the task of the SCM? The task of the SCM is to design, plan, and execute the supply-
A product is the thing that the organization is in business to supply in a market place. In the case of the supply chain for manufactured goods shown below, the product is the item that ends up in the hands of the consumer. （to be continued未完再续）
The objectives of the supply chain are to optimize pre and postproduction inventory levels, obtain greater efficiency from labour, equipment and space across the company and provide flexible planning and control mechanisms.
《物流专业英语》
Unit 2
The Supply China Concept 供应链概念
1. 课文翻译 Text Translation
The Supply China Concept 供应链概念
What is a supply chain?
A supply chain is a complex logistics system in which raw materials are converted into finished products and then distributed to end users (consumers or companies) (see Figure1). It includes suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, distribution centres (DCs) and retail outlets.
related activities at the different stages so as to provide the desired levels of service to customers profitably.
SCM的任务是什么？ 供应链管理的任务就是要在不同的阶段对和供应相关联的各项
此处的产品可以是一幢写字楼、一家医院、一条公路、一个机 场或其他许多东西，并且可以由私营公司、政府或当地政 府来建造。
The important thing is that before this product can be used there is a sequence of processes that must be gone through and these are shown in the diagram. This means that there is just as much a supply chain when the product is a hospital as when it is a tin of beans.
5）What is the task of SCM?
The task of the SCM is to design, plan, and execute the supplyrelated activities at the different stages so as to provide the desired levels of service to customers profitably.
1）What is the definition of a supply chain?
A supply chain is a complex logistics system in which raw materials are converted into finished products and then distributed to end users (consumers or companies)
6）In your opinion, why is SCM important?
Because by eliminating inefficiencies, SCM can help companies save millions of dollars in their supply chain operations.
重要的是，在产品能够付诸使用之前，需要有一系列必须进行 的程序，这些程序在图中可以看出。这也就是说不论产品 是一家医院还是一罐豆子，其所涉及的供应链是一样的多。
7. Key to the exercises 练习答案
1. Answer the following questions in English:
（续）产品可以是一辆新车、一台电视机、一罐豆子等等。其 它可能的产品包括新建筑物、道路或交通服务，供应链和 这些产品中的每一个都有关联，它描述了这些产品交付给 买方的过程。
The supply chain for manufactured goods
Procurement (Sourcing and buying)
7) What are the objectives of SCM?
物流在供应链中的作用 正如第1单元所述，物流是供应链程序的一部分，它涉及到供应
链从始至终的管理。
What is supply chain management? Supply chain management (SCM) is concerned with the integration,
coordination and control of the flow of material, information and finances in supply chains.
配送商
零售商
顾客
The role of logistics in the supply chain As is said in Unit 1, Logistics is part of the supply chain process and
it involves the management of the supply chain from start to finish.
Logistics is part of the supply chain process and it involves the management of the supply chain from start to finish.
4）What is SCM concerned with?
Supply chain management (SCM) is concerned with the integration, coordination and control of the flow of material, information and finances in supply chains.
什么是供应链？
供应链是一个复杂的体系，在 这个系统里，原材料被转 化成成品，然后配送到最 终用户(消费者或公司)手 里 (见图1)。 它包括供应 商、生产商、仓库、配送 中心(DCs)和零售网点。
Figure 1: A typical supply chain 图1：典型的供应链