定语从句 (2)
定语从句2
【3】介词+关系词This is(这是) the house in which I lived two years ago(我两年前住过的房子).。
This is(这是) the house where I lived two years ago(我两年前住过的房子).Do you remember(还记得) the day on which you joined our club(你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗)? Do you remember(还记得) the day when you joined our club(你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗)?注意：1).介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2).that前不能有介词。
3).某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。
【4】关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,即：when(= at/on/in which), where(=at/on/in which), why(= for which)，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。
例如：There are occasions when （= on which） one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is(北京是) the place where（= in which）I was born(我出生的地方).Is this(这就是) the reason why （= for which）he refused our offer(他拒绝我们帮助的理由吗)? 2）that代替关系副词，可以用在表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。
定语从句 (2)
语法四：定语从句一 .概述在英语中，我们通常用作定语修饰名词或代词。
若要表达更复杂的意思，需借助来修饰名词。
定语的位置：前置定语：单词（ _______、______，_____， _________）后置定语：______和_______（定语从句）I do not like lazy people.(转为定语从句）被修饰的名词/代词因为总在定语从句前面，所以被称为_____。
引导定语从句的词，被称为______。
二.定语从句的三个重要概念（1）先行词———被定语从句所_____或_____的对象。
（2）关系词———连接____和____，在定语从句中充当一定____的词。
（3）不完整的句子。
（4）定语从句的结构=先行词+_____+_______的句子e.g.Envy is like a fly that passes all a body’s sounder parts and dwells upon the sores.三 .关系词定语从句主要考察的就是引导词的选择，定语从句的引导词分为三类：1 关系代词：关系代词先行词指人：______ ,______先行词指物：________先行词指人指物均可：_________先行词指人或指物的所有关系： ______（谁的，定语） ;2 关系副词：副词是表示行为或状态特征的词，修饰_____、_____或_____，表示时间，地点，程度，方式等概念。
本身后面句子主干完整，补充表_____，____,______的副词让句子完整。
时间状语：______地点状语：______原因状语：______3 特殊关系词：as;whose ;whyps:定语从句没有______ 和_______.1 、特殊关系词特殊关系词直接靠翻译做题即可。
as:“正如”（1）as的本质是个关系_____，指代_________。
（2）as引导的定从可放主句之前（可放中间，后面）。
定语从句小结(2)---只用that的情况讲解及练习
定语从句小结（2）---只用that的情况及练习英语中的定语从句中，有时关系代词只能用that不用which . 主要有以下几种情况：1.先现行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, anything, something, nothing, everything 等时。
Do you know everything(that) he said?He bought nothing (that ) he was interested in.Little that is important is done.2.先行词被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等修饰时。
All the books that were published last year were very valuable.Every boy(that)the teacher taught in that school is smart.3.先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及the only, the very, the last等词修饰时。
This is the very book (that ) I am looking after.The only computer that was bought in the shopping mall is broken.4.先行词同时包含了人和物时。
He still remembers the things and the persons (that) he knew at school ten years ago.5.先行词在定语从句中作to be 的表语时。
The boy is that boy (that ) he used to be6.以who 或者which 开头的句子里含有定语从句并且关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语时。
定语从句(2)
第
1 步
专题九 定语从句
第 3
步
第
2 步
第二部分 专题九
第1页
高考一轮总复习 ·英语
定语从句高考考点
第 1
考点一
步
考点二
考点三
第
2 步
考点四
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系副词引导的定语从句
第
3
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 步
as，which引导的定语从句
考点五 way和time后接定语从句的情况
之一是减缓全球范围的饥荒。
第
2 步
②Trading leather shoes is the business ___o_n_e_o_f_w__h_o_s_e___
the Greens are devoted. 皮鞋生意是格林一家所专注的事业。
第二部分 专题九
第21页
高考一轮总复习 ·英语
③[2016·浙江]The study suggests that the cultures we grow
2
步 (＝whose price) was very reasonable.
最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。
第二部分 专题九
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高考一轮总复习 ·英语
第
1
步
⑤His head soon appeared out of the window，
__f_r_o_m__w_h_e_r_e_____he saw nothing but trees.
3
关系副词where引导定语从句；如果作主语、宾语或表语，则 步
第 2
用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。
定语从句 2
初中定语从句2一、何时用关系副词when, where, why引导定语从句？when 引导定语从句:先行词是表示时间的名词而且是从句动作发生的时间时，用when引导定语从句。
I’ll never forget the day when (= on which ) I met you.This was the time when ( =at which ) he left for Beijing .We will put off the outing until next week, when(=in which) we won’t be busy.where 引导定语从句:先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词而且是从句动作发生的地点时，用where引导定语从句。
This is the town where (= in which ) I spent my childhood.The table at which she is sitting is a new one.I’ll show you the point where you failed.why引导定语从句:先行词是reason并且从句是表示结果时，用why引导定语从句。
This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didn’t come here.The reason ________________ she gave was not true.特别注意：当定语从句缺主语或宾语才直接用which或that引导定语从句。
The library _______________________ students often study was on fire last night.The library, _______ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.The library _______________ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.I’ll never forget the day _____________________ we first met in the park.I’ll never forget the time ______________ I spe nt on campus.I’ll never forget the time ______________ was spent with you.二、介词+关系代词应注意的情况1. who、that 不能用与介词之后The man who/whom you spoke to was a scientist. The man to whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives in is far away. The city in which she lives is far away.2. 在固定短语中介词不能提前Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better .三、如何确定介词？把先行词接到从句谓语后面去,看需要什么介词1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配He is the man _____ whom I think you can depend.The house ____ which he paid 100,000 yuan is very beautiful.2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books ______ which I am not very familiar.This is the hero _____ whom we are proud.3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配The school ______ which I study is the No. 11 high school.The rate/speed ______ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.The age______ which children can go to school is seven.4.根据从句中动词与先行词搭配来选用介词，这时是两者兼顾。
定语从句(2)
4) Her bag, in __w_h__ic_h__ she put all her money, has been stolen.
5) She heard a terrible noise， _w_h__ic_h_ brought her heart into her mouth.
2. Tomorrow I will bring here a book fo_r_w__h_ich you asked.
定语从句(2)
难点一：as的用法
1. It is such a big stone __a_s__ nobody can lift.
2. __A_s___ is known to all, he is the best student. 3. This is the same watch as I lost.
Translate the following English proverbs into Chinese and then pick out the attributive clauses.
1. God helps those who help
themselves .
天助自助者.
2. He who laughs last laughs best . 笑到最后的人才是英雄.
归 指代事物 which, that, as 纳 所属关系 whose
系 代
总 结
指地点 指时间
where when
关 系
词
指原因 why
副
做题技巧?
词
先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分
定语从句 2
第17课定语从句 2导言互译时注意这一语言差异，对掌握英语很有帮助。
在学习定语从句时，请注意关系代词和关系副词的区别，关系代词在从句中起到的是名词的作用，而关系副词起的是副词或介词短语的作用，即状语的作用。
▲关系副词WHEN-----代替时间WHERE-----代替地点WHY-----代替原因WHEN先行词关系副词在从句中做状语从以上的例句中可以看出，关系副词在从句中代替的是一个介词短语，相当于on the day，做状语。
该句也可以用关系代词来做。
请注意关系代词与关系副词的区别。
●先行词关系代词在从句中做介词on●WHERE●看，那就是我出生的房子。
注：where在从句中充当状语，代替in the house，该句也可以用关系代词来做。
WHY●I know the reason. She is unhappy for the reasontoday.●关系副词why代替从句中for the reason。
此句可以用关系代词做。
●●I know the reason▲as引导定语从句，先行词可以是一个名词，也可以是一个短语或一个句子。
as本身含有“像”的意思，而从句的位置不一定要在先行词之后●know的宾语代替前面整个句子(As you know, the earth moves around the sun.)正像你所知道那样地球围绕太阳运行。
●as-----------Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish novelist正如我的一位祖母说过的那样，这个世界上只有两家人：那就是富人和穷人。
-----西班牙小说家塞万提斯.M.●Money is the sinews（力量） of love, asAs = Money is the sinews-----------George Farquhar, Irish dramatist金钱是爱情的支柱，犹如金钱是战争的支柱一样。
高三语法总复习定语从句 (2)
关系代词只用that的情况 的情况 关系代词只用
• 1.先行词 先行词all, everything, nothing, something, 先行词 anything, little, much 等不定代词 • 2. 先行词被 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等修饰。 等修饰。 • 3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 • 4.先行词被 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 先行词被 修饰时。 修饰时。 • 5.有两个或两个以上的分别表示人和物的先行词， 有两个或两个以上的分别表示人和物的先行词， 有两个或两个以上的分别表示人和物的先行词 从句应用that,而不是其他。 而不是其他。 从句应用 而不是其他 • 6. 当主句是以 当主句是以who, which 开头的特殊疑问句时， 开头的特殊疑问句时， 定语从句多用that,而不用 而不用who (whom), which. 定语从句多用 而不用
Where、when的特殊意义 、 的特殊意义
• 有时先行词不是 有时先行词不是day、time、room、place等明确的表示时 、 、 、 等明确的表示时 地点的名词，而是occasion, age, case, point, chair, 间、地点的名词，而是 business, situation，stage, condition等，定语从句也要 ， 等 来引导。 用when，where来引导。例如： ， 来引导 例如： • ①We are living in an age when many things are done on computer. • ② Harry does recall one difficult occasion, when a man who refused to repent(忏悔，悔改) was asked to 忏悔， leave. • ③If a shop has chairs where women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. • ④He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane. (2001上海 上海) 上海
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高一（10）班 黄斌
他是一个很好的男孩
He is a nice boy.
This is a very interesting book.
The boy in the room is Tom
He is a good student.
I have a chance to help others.
YangPu where I lived six years ago is on the west coast of Hainan .
1 Beijing is the capital of China. I live in Beijing
Beijing where I live Beijing is the capital of China.
这本很出名的书是由他写的
This is an interesting story which was told by my Dad.
我爸爸讲的这个故事十分有趣
Most students go to state schools which are very good.
站在那儿的学生是一个 男孩。
1 那个学生是一个男孩
这本属于我的书十分有趣 。
which
1. I know th. e woman 2 The woman is from France
who
1. The place is very wonderful 2 We visited the place last year.
which
The place is very wonderful We visited the place last year
Conclusion Who 先行词为人 Which 先行词为物 Where 先行词和介词构成表地点的短语 When 先行词和介词构成表时间的短语
Homework The exercise book.
The place which we visited last year is very wonderful
He loves the dog. His mother bought the dog for him.
He loves the dog which his mother bought for him.
2 This is the school. My mother works in the school.
This is the school where My mother works
3 I still remember that day. You left for Beijing on that day.
2 那个学生站在那儿
1. The student is a boy 2 The student is standing there
站在那儿的学生是一个男孩。
who
这本属于我的书十分趣。
1 这本书十分有趣 2 这本书属于我
1. This book is very interesting. 2 This book belongs to me
Hang Zhou is famous for the West Lake.
4 I have been to Hang Zhou . The West Lake is situated in Hang Zhou
5 This is the soldier.
The soldier saved the boy’s life.
1 I still remember the place.
we visited the place last week.
2 I still remember that place. we visited the painting exhibition in that place.
3I been to Hang Zhou .
The book is very wonderful. I borrowed the book from you
The book which I borrowed from you is
very wo west coast of Hainan . I lived in YangPu six years ago.
I still remember that day when you left for Beijing
He can not forget that night. I came to the new school at that night.
He can not forget that night when I came to the new school.
The student who stands there is a boy.
站在那儿的学生是一个 男孩。
This book which belongs to me is very interesting.
这本属于我的书十分有 趣。
That book which is very famous is written by him.