高一英语必修二第五单元重点词汇和短语

高一英语必修二第五单元重点词汇和短语1，roll ①打滚eg；the puppy was rolling on the grass 那只小狗正在草地上打滚②前进eg；the car was rolling along smoothly 车子平稳前进③使（船等）左右摇摆eg；the ship rolled very heavily 那艘船左右摇摆晃得很厉害④涌上来冲来eg；the waves rolled into the shore 海浪冲上岸来⑤（时间）流逝过去eg；the years rolled by 岁月流逝⑥隆隆作响eg；the thunder rolled in the distance 远处雷声隆隆⑦计划开始进行eg；let`s get this project rolling 让我们开始着手这项计划吧与roll有关的短语Roll back 倒带roll by 平稳的roll in 大量涌来Roll on 岁月流逝roll out 滚出roll over 翻滚roll up 到达来到2，dream of 梦见梦想①dream of/about（doing）sth 梦见/梦想做某事②dream to do sth 梦想做……③dream a…dream 做了一个……的梦（同源宾语）④die a…death ……死去⑤smile a…smile 面带……微笑⑥live a…life 过着……的生活3，pretend vt 假装假扮①pretend to do sth 假装正在做某事pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事②pretend to have done sth 假装做过某事pretend that…假装……eg she wasn`t really crying she was only pretending 她不是真的哭她只是在装哭4，to be honest 说实在的老实说①to be honest with sb 老实告诉某人坦白的说②honest speaking 老实说③be honest with sb 对……说实话④be honest about sth 关于……说老实话③it is honest of sb to do sth = sb is honest to do sth 某人做某事是诚实的④be honest in（doing）sth 在……方面诚实eg i`m honest in doing homework 我在做作业方面诚实5，attach 系上附加attach…to 认为有Attach oneself to ①依附参加（党派）②热爱依恋Be [become] attached to ①附属于……②依恋于……Attach…to 认为有（重要性）eg attach great importance to…非常重视this middle school is attached to a teacher`s college 这所中学附属于一所师范院校6，form ①形象，姿态，影子，外形，体形eg a dark form could be seen in the distance 远处可以看见有一个黑影②形式，方式eg it is only a matter of form 那只是形式上的问题③格式，表格eg fill in the 填写表格④仪式，礼貌，体统eg it`s not good form to yawn while you`re spoken to 与人谈话打哈欠是不礼貌的⑤精神（或身体）状态；竞技状态eg be in（good）from 竞技状态良好be out of from 竞技状态不好7，passer-by n 过路人，经过者，还可以写成passersby 其复数形式为pass-ersbyeg one of the boys had stopped a passer-by and asked him to phone an ambulance 其中一个男孩拦住一位过路人，叫他打电话叫一辆救护车8，earn （vt）①赚的，挣得②博得，赢得，应得Earn one’s bread 谋生earn one’s living 谋生Earnest 认真的，诚挚的，热切的（ad）earnestly （n）earnestness 热心的Earnest（n）定钱，保证金earnings （n）①工资，收入②利润，收益9，perform（vt/vi）①施行，执行，实行，完成Perform one’s duty 履行职责perform a task 完成任务Perform an operation（onlunpon）a patient 给病人施行手术②表演，演奏Perform a part in a play 在剧中扮演一个角色perform on the piano 奏钢琴③（驯兽）表演把戏eg the seals performed well at the circus 海豹在马戏团里表演精彩perform able 可执行的，可演出的，可完成的performer （n）①履行着，执行者②表演者，演奏者performing 表演的eg the performing arts 表演技术 a performing bear 会表演把戏的熊10，cash（n）现款，钱——cashier出纳员eg cash or charge？付现金还是记账？（vt）兑付，兑现eg can you cash me this check？请把这张支票兑换成现金，好吗？Cash a cheque 兑换支票cash down 用现金支付Cash……in ①兑现②收到……的贷款Cash in on…靠……赚钱，从……中捞好处in cash 用现金，有现钱11，millionaire 百万富翁billionaire 亿万富翁overnight millionaire 暴发户12，rely ①依靠依赖②依赖相信①Rely on =depend on依赖依靠②rely on sb to do sth=rely on one’s doing sth 指望某人做某事③rely on sb for sth =rely on one’s doing sth 指望某人做某事Rely on sb for sth 某人靠某人depend on 依赖；依靠；取决于Rely on=depend on依靠；依赖eg we must rely on our own effort.我们必须依靠自己的努力rely upon it 一定确定14，familiar (人)be familiar with （人……亲密（物）②通晓……（物）be familiar to（人）③为……所熟知Eg he is familiar with my family 他和我家的关系密切He is familiar with three languages 他通晓三种语言Y our name is very familiar to me 你的名字我很熟悉Be/get familiar with 熟悉，与……熟悉起来Sb be familiar with 某人熟悉某物Sth be familiar to sb 某物为某人所熟悉15，or so 大约，左右，上下祈使句+or+陈述句前后是对立的祈使句+and+陈述句前后是统一的Or you won’t pass the exam 否则你通不过考试And you will pass the exam 你就会通过考试** 两句都可以转换成“if 条件从句+主句”形式，要去掉“or”和“and”Or else 否则，要不然or rather 更确切的说Eg it took us half a year or so to complete the project16，break up ①解散，散开eg the meeting broke up at eleven o’clock②破碎，拆开eg the ship broke up on the rocks③关闭，结束eg their marriage has broken up ？④放假eg when do you break up for the spring Festival？⑤与某人绝交eg she’s just broken up with her boy friendBreak down 出故障，垮掉break through 突破break into pieces 破成碎片Break out 突然发生break into 破门而入break in 打断Break away from 脱离break off 打断，折断17，in addition=as well 相当于连接副词（另外，也）Inaddition=besides （adv）另外，也in addition to=besides （prep）除…之外Besides 除…之外，此外as wall as 还，也①表示递进关系的插入语常用的有；In addition 此外‘另外what’s more 而且，此外moreover adv 而且，除此以外②表示“除….之外还..”的短语有In addition…besides…apart from…as well as…18，sort out ①分类，整理，eg he spend an hour sorting out the email he had received.②解决( 问题等) eg mike is still trying to sort out his personal life. Sort sth by…按…把某物分类sort though…查找某物sort…into…把…分成…Sort sth out 整治某事sort sb out 整治某人Sort of （=kind of）有几分，有点of sort 同类的19，attractive 有吸引力的ad attractively n attractivenessEg bright colours are attractive to the children.20，dip vt 浸，蘸vi 落下，下降n 浸，蘸Dip （…）in to ①随便翻阅，浏览dip into a book 浏览一本书②从……中取出eg she dipped the stew into the individual bowls 她把炖菜舀进个个人的碗里21，confident adj 自信的，确信的confidence game 骗局，赊购骗货Confidence n 信任，信心confidence man 赊购货物而赖账的骗子In confidence 私下的，私密的take…into one’s confidence 把…….作为知己名词confidence后接in eg we have confidence in our future形容词confident 后接of eg we are confident of our future22，invitation n 邀请invitational adj 邀请的，招待的①accept an 接受，邀请eg thank you for your kind invitation 谢谢你的盛情邀请②请柬，请帖draft an 起草一份请帖eg the invitations are out 请帖已发出23，sensitive adj 【sense（觉察）+ -itive（易）……的】Be sensible to 可觉察出be sensitive to 对……敏感Sense n 感觉v 觉得n sensitivity 敏感性sensitivity to 对…过敏Sensitivity 多用于科学sensitiveness 多用于日常文字Eg children are usually sensitive to blame 小孩们通常容易因责备而在感情上受到伤害I didn’t realize it was such a sensitive issue 我没有意识到这是个如此敏感的话题24，devote vt 奉献，贡献devote同义dedicateBe devoted to……献身于，热衷于devote oneself to ……献身于，热衷于Eg Davis devoted himself to helping the poorDevote oneself completely （entirely）一心从事于，完全献身于Devote to…把…用于Devote one’s energies （time）to one’s work把精力（时间）全用在工作上Devotion n 专心，热心devotional 专心的，忠诚的Demonstrate （display，show）devotion 显示忠诚Deep（great）devotion 十分忠诚Undying devotion 失去不变的忠诚devotion to the cause of education对教育事业的忠诚25，above “在…（偏）上方”表示两者不接触，与below（在…下面）相对Above all 最重要的是，首先first of all 首先，第一（强调顺序）After all 毕竟not…at all一点也不in all 总共Above and beyond 远不止above oneself 自高自大From above 由上方来Eg there is a plane above the tree 树上方有一架飞机。