英语语法几大从句(六级)
大学英语语法应用教程-从句(Clause)
从句(Clause)
If two numbers are to be added, it does not matter in which order they are added. 若要把两个数加起来，那么按哪种顺序相加是没有关系的。(需要注意的是，连接代词which并没有位于主语从句句首， 因为它在从句中作介词in的介词宾语和order的定语。而且，不要把由which引导的主语从句误认为是介词宾语从句。) It follows from Maxwell’s hypothesis that whenever there netic field is produced. 由麦克斯韦假设可知，每当电场发生变化时就产生磁场。 (it follows that … 意为“由此得知……；因此”。) It happened that she was out when he called.( = She happened to be out when … ) 他打电话时，她恰巧不在家。(It happens that可译成“碰巧，恰巧；发生”。)
从句(Clause)
3) 表语从句 主要位于系动词be之后的表语从句最为常见，当然，也可用seem, sound等。例如： The present conception of the general structure of the atom is that it consists of a kind of solar system. 现在对 原子的一般结构的看法是：它是由一种太阳系构成的。 All indications are that the need for skilled people in the field of electronics will grow in this new decade. 所有 的迹象表明，在这新的十年中对电子学领域熟练人员的需求量将会增长。 That is how a computer works. 这就是计算机的工作原理。 (本句中的that应译为“这”；how从句一般可译成“……的原理，……是如何……”) Predictions are that electronics will continue to grow at a rapid rate for some time to come. 预测表明，在未来 一段时期内电子学将会继续高速发展。 (That is why … 要译成“这就是……的理由；这就是为什么……；因此……”。) My plan is that we will finish the project by the end of the year. 我的计划是我们年底结束这个项目。 The conclusion of the discussion is that the proposal cannot be accepted. 讨论的结果是这个提议不能被接受。 在个别情况下，状语从句也可充当表语从句(特别是句型this is because … )。如： This is because you has been absent all the term. 这是因为你整个一学期缺勤的缘故。
初中英语语法-英语从句总结
初中英语语法总结（从句）英语从句三大类型按一般说法，可分为三大类14种从句。
一,名词性从句1主语从句Whether it’s right or not remains to be seen。
2宾语从句I wonder whether it's right or not.3同位语从句This is a question whether it's right or not. 4表语从句The question is whether it's right or not。
二，定语从句1限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well。
2非限定性定语从句She is the student, who can speak English well。
三,状语从句1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here。
2地点状语从句You can go wherever you like。
3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are astudent。
4方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king.5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well. 6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well.7条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me.8让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little.1．定语从句There are some old books in the box.The boy dressed in blue is from America。
初中英语核心语法6大词性、8大时态、3大从句知识点汇总
中考英语核心语法6大词性、8大时态、3大从句，你值得拥有，希望能够帮助到你！总之，语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。
语法知识掌握得好，将大大加快英语学习的进程。
本文归纳了六大词性、八种基本时态以及初中生需要掌握三种基本从句。
希望对广大中学生们有所帮助。
一. 词法1. 名词（1）名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。
不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。
不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。
要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。
要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。
如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news等。
（2）名词复数的规则变化A.一般情况下加-s。
B.以s,x, ch,sh, 结尾的加-esC.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-esD.以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es（3）名词的所有格A. 单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’s。
如：the worker's bike，the Children’s ballB. 表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后’s。
如：This is Lucy and Licy’s room.These are Kate's and jack’s rooms.C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词，只加’。
如：the students’books，the girls’blouses(另外：名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。
如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。
)2. 代词人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，不定代词（1）人称代词第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数you you your yours yourself复数you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数he him his his himselfshe her her hers herselfit it its its itself复数they them their theirs themselves（2）物主代词物主代词的用法：形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词；名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。
高考英语语法复习：八种状语从句的用法
高考英语语法复习：八种状语从句的用法状语从句状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、方式、结果、条件、让步等八种。
一、时间状语从句：引导词有after，before，as，once，since，till，until，when，whenever，while，as soon as，the moment/minute…(一…就)，the time,the day,every time,next time,each time，by the time of，no sooner…than(一…就)，hardly…when(一…就).例如：Each/Every time he comes here,he will drop in on me.每次他来这儿他都顺便看我.He was ill last time I saw him.上次我见到他时他病了.No sooner had she heard the news than she cried.她一听到这个消息就哭了.[辨析]when与whilewhen引导的从句动词可以是延续性的或短暂性的，while引导的从句中动词必须是延续性的;在“be…when…”句式中when表“at that time(就在这时)”意，这样用的when不能换为while;while有时并不表示时间，而表示对比，意“而”、“却”，when无这样的用法。
例如：When I got home I found the door locked./While(或When)we were working in the fields,it suddenly began to rain./He was wandering through the streets when a bike hit him./His pencil is red,while mine is yellow.[辨析]till与until一般情况下可以互换，但until可以位于句首，till则不能。
英语基础语法讲义
考研英语基础语法扎实的语法功底对于考研解题是很重要的。
据总结，最令大多数考研学生头疼的基础语法现象主要有以下几项：英语的基本句式、形容词性（定语）从句、名词性从句（主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句）、副词性（状语）从句、As 的用法。
下面将对以上语法点详解，并通过练习进一步强化对它们的掌握。
一、英语的基本句式（一）英语句子的主要成分英语句子主要由主语，谓语，宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语），定语，状语，补语（主语补语和宾语补语），表语（主语补语的一种），同位语，感叹语，插入语等构成。
（二）英语的五大句式一)主+ 系+ 表语例如：You are a baby.系动词：联系动词（Link Verb）是一种表示谓语关系的动词，作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
系动词可以是be动词，也可以是某些实义动词。
例如：The dog looks dangerous.五大类常见系动词：1）be动词--用来表示主语状态。
例如：He is a teacher.2）“持续类”--用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度。
这类系动词主要有：例如：I am sorry to have kept you waiting.This matter rests a mystery.3）“表象类”--用来表示"看起来像"这一概念这类系动词主要有：例如：He seems （to be）very sad.4）“感官类”--用来表示“感觉”“触觉”等这类系动词主要有：例1：It sounds reasonable.例2：-Do you like this sweater?-Yes, it __________ very soft.A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt5）“变化类”--这些系动词表示主语变成什么样这类系动词主要有：例如：It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.The rumor proved false.His plan turned out a success.二) 主语+不及物动词+（状语）例如：He changed a lot.You cried loudly.注意：该句型可接状语。
高中英语从句类型
从句的分类六大从句类型主语从句用作主语.That the earth is round is true.宾语从句用作宾语;Do you know where he lives表语从句用作表语.My opinion is that you should not go alone.同位语从句用于解释说明前面的名词,与先行词同位或等同的从句叫作同位语从句;其关联词多为that;The fact that the earth is round is true.that从句用于解释说明the fact定语从句相当于一个形容词,用于修饰前面的名词;定语从句一般皆放在被它所修饰的名代词之后,这种名代词就叫作先行词Antecedent;引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词;关系代词在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等；关系副词在定语从句中用作状语;The student who answered the question was John.状语从句相当于一个副词,修饰主句中的动词, 形容词和副词, 通常有从属连词引导, 按其意义和作用可分为时间, 地点, 条件, 原因, 让步, 目的, 结果, 方式, 比较.等When it rains, I usually go to school by bus.If he comes tomorrow, you will see him.He returned home to learn his daughter had just been engaged.You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.从句划分技巧主句和从句的划分方法是相同的;句子的成分从谓语动词处来划分比较容易;谓语动词前面的部分是主语,后面常接宾语,修饰谓语动词的是状语,修饰主语、宾语的是定语,若谓语是系动词,则系动词后的部分是表语;定语从句VS同位语从句定语从句是先行词的修饰语,它不涉及先行词的实质内容,在定规从句中“that”往往充当某一成分且作宾语时可以省略;同位语从句是对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明,表明中心词语的具体、实际内容;“that”在同位语从句中不充当任何成分且不可以省略;从句划分练习1. It is quite clear that the crime was down deliberately.2. She suggested that he do it at once.3. That the earth is round is true．4. The problem is not who will go but who will stay.5. The student who answered the question was John．6. Have you any idea how soon they’re coming.7. My original question, why he did it at all ,has not been answered.8. When it rains, I usually go to school by bus．9. What you need is more practice.10. It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet.11. I think it best that you should stay here.12. The question is whether it is worth doing.14. We must find out who did all these.15. Jack is no more frightened than Mike is.16. We expressed the hope that he would come to China again.17. The fact that the earth is round is true．18. There are many organizations whose purpose is to help the homeless.19. Do you know where he lives20. This is the reason why he refused to help us.21. Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.22. He is so humorous that we’ll never forget him.23. My opinion is that you should not go alone．24. I will stand where I can see the parade clearly.25. I’ll take whoever wants to g o with me to the theatre.26. The news that he told me was that Tom would go abroad.27. If he comes tomorrow, you will see him．28. The news that Tom would go abroad was told by him.。
英语六级常见语法知识
英语六级常见语法知识英语六级考试是中国大学英语六级考试，主要测试学生在听、说、读、写等各个英语语言技能方面的能力。
在写作部分，良好的语法知识是取得高分的重要保证。
下面将介绍英语六级常见的语法知识点。
1. 主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数方面保持一致。
例如：- The boy is playing basketball.（这个男孩正在打篮球。
）- The girls are singing in the classroom.（女孩们正在教室里唱歌。
）2. 冠词的用法冠词用于限定名词，分为不定冠词(a/an)和定冠词(the)。
不定冠词用于表示泛指或初次提及，定冠词用于表示特指。
例如：- I bought a book yesterday.（我昨天买了一本书。
）- Can you pass me the pen?（你可以递给我那支笔吗？）3. 时态的正确运用时态是表示动作发生时间的形式，常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
要根据句子的语境和时间状语来选择适当的时态。
例如：- They are studying for the exam.（他们正在为考试而学习。
）- He has lived in New York for five years.（他在纽约住了五年了。
）4. 从句的使用从句是由引导词引导的一个句子，在句子中作为一个整体充当名词、形容词或副词的成分。
常见的从句有定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句等。
例如：- I know the girl who is playing the piano.（我认识那个正在弹钢琴的女孩。
）- Can you tell me where the library is?（你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗？）5. 动词的时态和语态变化动词的时态是指动词的时态形式，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
语态是指动词的主动和被动形式。
例如：- He is reading a book.（他正在读书。
高中英语语法复习之三大从句
三大从句定语从句1.The meeting that you have missed yesterday was very important.2. The girl who is making a speech right now is our monitor.3. The vase that I broke yesterday was very expensive.4. The boy who helped you yesterday is my neighbour.5. That's just the topic that I'm very interested in.6. He is just the boss who gave me that valuable opportunity.7. I like the cake which you bought yesterday.8. He is the teacher who helped me.9. We all like that speaker who is very humorous.10. The old lady whose two daughters are both teachers is our neighbour.11. She is the girl whom I met at the party.12. There are occasions when one must yield.13.Beijing is the place where I was born.14.Is this the reason why he refused our offer?15. His father died the year when he was born.16.He is unlikely to find the place in which he lived forty years ago.17. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?18.This is the house in which I lived two years ago.19. He has finished the difficult exercise, which is easy for you.20.None of us know the reason for which Tom was absent from the meeting. (why = for which ). 只用that不用which的情况①先行词指物且含有不定代词(all, little, few, much, everything, anything等)Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?All that Lily told me seems untrue.②先行词被the only, the very, the right, any, every, some, no, just等修饰This is the very bus that I am waiting for.The only thing that we can do is to lend you some money.③先行词含有最高级或含有序数词时，如：This train is the last that will go to Suzhou.This is the first two-story bus that runs in our city.What is the most interesting film that you have ever seen?④先行词既有人又有物Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?⑤避免重复a. 主句的主语是疑问词who或whichWhich is the bike that you have lost?Who is the boy that won the gold medal?b. 两个定语从句，其中一个用which另一个用thatThey secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause much pollution.c. 先行词在主句中作表语,关系词在从句中也作表语Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.⑥ 主句是there be 句型且关系词在从句中作主语There is a seat that is still available.2. 只用which不用that的情况① 非限制性定语从句② 关系代词前有介词（介词锁定）③ 先行词本身是that（避免重复）只用who不用that的情况：① 先行词是指人的不定代词，如：one , ones, anyone, no one, those等Those who have not got your textbooks please raise you hands.② there be结构中先行词指人There is a man who calls himself Mr. S joining our team.③ 分隔式定语从句中I was one of the persons in my office who were invited.四、关系副词when 时间时间状语I will never forget the day when we met there. （可用on which）where 地点地点状语This is the house where I was born. （可用in which）why 原因原因状语I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. （可用for which）主语从句(subject clause)一．定义:主语从句（subject clause）,顾名思义就是利用一个从句来代替主语。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
名词性从句常见考点突破一、名词性从句的概念及分类1.顾名思义不，名词性从句就是指在句子中起名词作用的句子，功能相当于名词词组。
2.根据其在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
同位语从句起对前面的名词进一步解释说明的作用，陈述该名词的内容。
二、名词性从句的三类引导词1.连接词，包括that,whether和if。
that用来引导陈述句，whether和if引导一般疑问句（从句中的一般疑问句要用陈述句语序，而if引导的从句不能作主语）。
2.wh-关系代词，如who,whom,whose,whatever,which等，这类词由于在句中作相应的句子成分，因此一般不能省略。
3.wh-关系副词，如when,why,how,where等，该类词一般也作相应的句子成分。
三、名词性从句的四种类型1.宾语从句①在许多情况下，作为真正宾语的that从句后置，而用it作形式宾语，此时，that不可省略。
例如：You may rely on it that I shall help you.(it作为形式宾语接在rely on后，真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。
另外，大多数介词不能直接跟that从句作宾语，所以此处需要it作形式宾语。
）②宾语从句分为三类：动词宾语从句、介词宾语从句和形容词宾语从句。
动词宾语从句指的是跟在动词之后且充当其宾语的从句；介词宾语从句指的是跟在一个介词之后充当其宾语的从句；同样，形容词宾语从句指的是跟在某些形容词后面，可理解为该形容词宾语的从句。
例如：I doubt whether he will come.（动词宾语从句）I'm curious as to what he will do.（介词宾语从句）I'm convinced that she is an honest girl.（形容词宾语从句）2.同位语从句①同位语从句就是跟在名词后面，表达具体内容、起解释说明作用的从句。
that是其最常见的引导词，不能省略。
②注意下列名词后面可接同位语从句：hope(希望），fact（事实），news（消息），problem（问题），conclusion（结论)，rumor（流言），agreement（同意，协议），belief（信仰），concept（观念，概念），idea（想法），question （问题），suggestion（提议），thought（想法），conviction（确信，定罪），doubt（怀疑），decision（决定，决心），assumption（假定，设想），evidence（迹象，证据），等。
例如：The news that I havepassed the exam is true.③在少数情况下，可用连接代词或连接副词引导同位语从句。
例如：I have noidea why she cries.注：同位语可以分为同位语结构和同位语从句。
上文提到的是后者；而同位语结构跟在名词后，对其解释说明，与同位语从句不同的是，它只是词或词组。
例如：The only way that they canpreserve their history is to recount it as sagas--legends handed down from one generation ofstory-tellers to another.(legends作sagas的同位语，后接过去分词短语作定语。
）3.主语从句许多情况下，为了平衡句子结构，常用it代替主语从句，将主语从句后置，it只是形式主语。
例如：It is not known yet whether they will come today.(It作为形式主语置于句首，而真正的主语-----由whether引导的主语从句------由置于句末。
）4.表语从句表语从句一般接在系动词之后，在句中充当表语，常见的结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。
例如：The problem is that smokers can't go without smoking.（在该句中，系动词is后接一个that引导的表语从句。
）定语从句真题难句荟萃1.Since December,when the report came out,themayor,neighborhood activists and various parent-teacher associations have engaged in a fierce battle overits validity:over the guilt of the steel-casting factory onthe western edge of town,over union jobs versuschildren's health and over what,if anying,ought to bedone.分析：主干：...the mayor,...associations have engaged in a... battle(over...)①谓语用了现在完成时，与句首since引导的时间状语搭配。
when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰December（注意，不是时间状语从句）。
②句子的主语是一个名词词组，含三个中心名词（mayor,activists,associations)。
validity是“有效性，正确性”，冒号后的内容（三个并列的over...短语）进一步做了详细的说明，可以把冒号后的内容看做是over its validity的同位成分。
译文：自从12月份报告发布以来，市长，社区活跃分子和各家长教师协会就这份报告的正确性进行了激烈的争论；争论城市西郊铸钢工厂是否有责任，争论工会保护职工工作与儿童的健康之间的矛盾，争论应该采取什么样的措施（如果要采取措施的话）。
2.But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness,and a report by the Fish andWildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of NorthAtlantic sea turtles,notably loggerheads,which can grow to as much as 400 pounds.分析：主干：...Nature is indifferent to human notions...and areport...showeda(worrisome)drop(in...)①and并列连接两个分句。
后一个分句中，介词短语by...作a report的后置定语，表示该报告的来源；介词短语in...作宾语a drop的后置定语。
②这里有好几个介词短语，分别修饰其前面的名词。
两个逗号间的notably loggerheads作turtles的同位语，后面有一个非限制性定语从句对这种海龟做进一步解释和说明。
译文：不过大自然一点都不会在乎人类所谓公平的想法。
渔业和野生动物署的一个报道表明，几种北大西洋海龟的数量急剧下降，令人担忧，尤其是能够生长到400磅重的灵龟。
定语从句常见考点突破一、如何辨别定语从句1.定语从句的概念定语从句就是修饰主句里的名词或代词的从句，本质上相当于“形容词”。
2.构成成分①先行词：定语从句通常置于所修饰的名词或代词等成分之后，这种名词或代词就叫先行词。
②关系词：引导定语从句吸关系代词，如that,which,who,whom,whose,as等，代替具体的指代对象，即先行词，其中，that既能指人，又能指物；还有关系副词，如when,where,why,how等，代替的则不单单是先行词，而是先行词和适当的介词。
3.定语从句的类型定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
大多数定语从句都对所修饰的名词或代词加以限制，去掉该从句后先行词将意义不全或失去意义。
而非限制性定语从句的作用在于补充，翻译时常常另起一个句子，与主句构成并列句。
例如：Immigrants are quickly fitting into this commonculture,which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous.(which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的culture,补充说明这种共同文化的特点。
）二、捕捉先行词先行词的位置可以紧靠着关系词，也可能与关系词之间隔着其他的成分，这时就需要慎重甄别先行词了。
例如：As a linguist,he acknowledges that all varieties of human language,including non-standard ones like Black English,can be powerfully expressive-there exists no language or dialect inthe world that cannot convey complex ideas.（句中的定语从句that cannot convey complex ideas修饰的是language or dialect,而并非紧靠着它的the world。
）三、关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分关系代词在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中只用作状语。
例如：A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.He came last night when I was out.在上述第一个句子中，关系代词whose在从句中用作定语；而在第二个句子中，关系副词when在定语从句中用作状语。
四、定语从句与同位语从句的区别1.同位语从句的形式与定语从句相似，它们之前都有先行词，但与先行词的关系有所不同：同位语从句与先行词同位或等同，定语从句与先行词则是修饰关系。
2.在定语从句中，关系词要代替先行词在从句中作适当的句子成分；而同位语从句的引导词则只起引导作用，没有代替前面名词在从句中作句子成分的作用。
试比较以下两个句子：The fact that he had not said anything surprised everbody.The fact that you are talking about is important.上述第一个句子包含一个由that引导的同位语从句，对fact的具体内容做出说明，这个that只是起引导作用，并不能代替fact在从句中作句子成分；而在第二个句子中，that you are talking about则作为定语从句对The fact做出限制和修饰，这个that在从句中作talking about的宾语。