高考英语语法复习系列之1-定语从句
高考英语语法专题讲解-定语从句_同位语从句_强调句
高考英语语法专题讲解-高考英语语法专题讲解1. 定语从句1.1 三步思考：（1）找出先行词；（2）看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；（3）选择合适的关联词。
1.2何时用that ？何时用which？1.2.1只能用that 的3种情况：（1）先行词被序数词最高级，以及the only 、the very the same、the last修饰过.（2）先行词为all 、everything、nothing等不定代词.（3）先行词同时是人和物并列时.ter my father and Mr.Crosset talked of things and persons that theyremembered in school.1.2.2 只能用which的情况：（1）介宾短语（2）指代前面的一件事e.g. He talked of it in a rude way which made me annoyed.1.3关系代词as（正如…）1.3.1 as在定语从句中作主语e.g.As appear from her paper, she has read widely in Romantic literature.We have found such material as is used in their factory. (非同一块材料)We have found such material that is used in their factory.(同一块材料)1.3.2 as在定语从句中作宾语e.g.She is remarkable, as I have told you .She wears the clothes as she did last Sunday. (穿的是同一件)She wears the clothes as her sister does. (穿的不是同一件)1.3.3 as在定语从句中作表语e.g. He was not the same person as he ( was).(省略从句谓语时只能用as)=He was not the same person that he was.1.3.4 as的固定用法:As we know, = As is known to all that/ As is known to all, …1.4 all that和whatAll that I know is that he has made up his mind to heave the country for a new place.that引导定语从句that引导表语从句= What I know is that……What引导主语从句1.5 关系副词: where, when, why比较: This is the house where I lived 2 years ago.This is the house which I visited.I will never forget the day when I joined the army.I will never forget the day that we spent．．．．．together.The reason．．．．．． why I am calling you is to invite you to my party.T he reason you gave me yesterday cannot be accepted.The reason is that I want you to come to my party.表语从句只要在定语从句中担任状语的，就用关系副词。
高考英语语法复习——定语从句
定语从句
1 英语和汉语中定语从句有什么区别？
观察意义对等的英汉句子，找出句子的对应部分 People,A who take medicine to lose weight,B are
most likely to harm their health,C. 服用药物减肥的,a 人,b 很可能损害他们的健康,c。
“两定”：判定先行词与从句谓语动词的关系→ 确定关系代词或关系副词(兼顾人/物)。如先行词在 从句中作主语，表语，宾语，定语(先行词与谓语动 词无直接关系，先行词与其后的名词有所属关
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系)，主补，或宾补，用关系代词；如先行词在从句 中作状语，用关系副词；
“一证”：把定语从句还原成独立的句子，验证 其句子结构的完整性。
【解析】先行词为the school，定语从句为I visited the headmaster ten years ago，从句的谓语动词为visited ，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用where或in which。
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6. This is the school___th_a_t_/w__h_ic_h_/_省__略__ I worked in ten years ago.
【解析】先行词为the school，定语从句为I visited ten years ago，从句的谓语动词为visited，先行词在从 句中作visited的宾语，因先行词为物，故引导词用that， which或省略。
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2. This is the school_W_h_e_r_e_/i_n_w__h_ic_h_ I worked ten years ago.
【答案】 A—b; B—a; C—c。
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英语中定语从句放修饰词后，作后置定语，以 引导词作为标志；汉语中定语从句放修饰词前，以“ 的”为 标志。
高考高中英语核心语法详解 定语从句
高考高中英语核心语法详解定语从句关系从句//定语从句一、基础知识1. 由来：两个句子之间要有一个重复元素产生关联。
重复点上改写为关系词，由此产生关系从句。
这个重复点在主要从句中称为先行词（antecedent）。
在关系从句中称为关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
结构一般比较固定：先行词+关系词+从句例：The boss lives opposite my house. 那位老板住在我家对面。
He is very rich. 他很富有。
说明：the boss 和he 为重复点；下面保留boss，把he改写为who，组成一句话：The boss who lives opposite my house is very rich. 住在我家对面的那位老板很富有。
boss称为为先行词；who为关系引导词；who引导的句子称为关系从句或定语从句。
2.内涵:忌重复原则决定，目的让句子更紧凑；尾重原则，决定重点信息后置。
3.先行词：被关系从句所修饰的词The tall man who is standing over there is my uncle. 正站在那儿的高个子男士是我叔叔。
man为先行词。
4. 关系词：让两个句子产生关联；具有双重角色；（1）角色一：代替前面的先行词；（2）角色二：起到连接作用，并在其引导的句子中承担相应语法成分；例：This is the book that I bought yesterday. 这是我昨天买的那本书。
that代替前面的先行词book; that同时是其引导句子中bought的宾语。
5. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句区分口诀: 有无逗号；限定不限定；展开不展开；a. 限制性: 从句紧跟先行词，两者之间无逗号，并且句意特别指定先行词，并不展开。
b.非限制性：先行词与从句中间用逗号隔开;句意非特指不限定，从句继续展开。
例：限制性There is a tribe of busy little people who live in the Frozen Zone.一个忙碌的小人部落住在冰冻区。
高考英语语法之从句讲义：定语从句精讲
高考英语语法之从句讲义：定语从句精讲充当定语的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词(the antecedent).定语从句由关系代词: who, whom, which, 关系形容词whose 和关系副词when, where, why引导，关系词除了起连接从句和名词的作用外，还作从句的句子成分。
1.限制性定语从句Who的先行词是人，作定语从句的主语：This is the man who will give us a talk tomorrow.Whom的先行词是人，作定语从句的宾语：This is the man whom I talked about the other day.Which 的先行词是物，作从句的主语和宾语Here is a book which may be helpful in you English study.This is the book which I like best.上述例句都可改用that.Whose是个关系形容词，在从句中作定语。
A teacher is a person whose duty is to teach.When, where, why 分别作从句的时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。
He will never forget the day when the accident took place.This was the room where we studied.Do you know the reason why he was late?2.非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词（许多是专有名词），也可以是整个主句，它对先行词不加限定，只起附加说明作用，如果没有，也不影响句意和语法结构。
非限定性定语从句和先行词书写时有逗号断开。
Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.She was late again, which was annoying.区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句很重要。
专题01定语从句十大考点归纳(清单)-高考英语一轮复习知识清单(全国通用)
专题01 定语从句十大考点（解析版）讲义目录定语从句高考考点细目表P1 考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法对比P2 考点清单二、关系代词whose, who, whom典型用法归纳P4 考点清单三、关系副词where典型用法归纳P5 考点清单四、关系副词when典型用法归纳P5 考点清单五、关系副词why 典型用法归纳P6 考点清单六、如何区分先行词作状语还是宾语P6 考点清单七、关系代词as典型用法归纳P7 考点清单八、定语从句“介词+关系代词”结构P8 考点清单九、定语从句中的主谓一致典型用法P9 考点清单十、分割型定语从句及强调句型、名词性从句变式考查P9 分类训练（一）高考真题P10 分类训练（二）模拟试题P11 分类训练（三）单句改错P12 分类训练（四）句式升级（书面表达）P12 分类训练（五）语篇运用（外刊原创）P13 （一）二十四节气之夏至来历及风俗P13（二）英雄猫及时施救心脏病主人P15近年高考真题定语从句考点细目表考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法对比要点精讲1：I don’t like the way that/in which you speak to your mum. 我不喜欢你对妈妈说话的方式。
（the way在定语从句充当方式状语）【即时训练】用关系代词that或which填空。
1. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.2. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.3. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.4. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.5. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.6. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.7.（2014全国I卷）Maybe you leave a habit ________is driving your family crazy.8.（2015全国I卷）I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.9. (2018全国II卷)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___ ___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.10.（2020全国III卷）Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation. （短文改错）【答案与解析】1. that。
高三英语一轮复习语法专题---定语从句知识点梳理与题库
定语从句知识点梳理1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
3. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
一、关系词的用法(一)关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.3）which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.4) asAs用于先行词前有as, so, such, the same修饰的限制性定语从句.You can take as many books as you need.(二) 关系副词when, where, why（在句中作状语）1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when hegrew up.注意：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)(2) The man with that you talked is my friend. (F)3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.4. 介词后面的关系词不能省略。
(完整)高考语法填空(定语从句专项练习)
定语从句讲与练一、定语的概念：定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。
比如：(先试试用横线划出下面短语中的定语，然后在后面的括号里注明是什么在作定语) a beautiful girl （ ）three boys （ ）a shoe factory （ ）Jim ’s father ( )our teacher ( ) the man in the car （ ）the man standing at the door （ ）the man who is talking with Sam （ ）二、定语从句的概念及主要特征：1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后；引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
请划出下列句子中的定语从句、先行词及关系代词： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 2. 定语从句的主要特征：（1）先行词要在从句中充当一定的成分； （2）what 永远不能引导定语从句；（3）翻译时先译从句，翻译成“…….的”三、定语从句的基本用法：定语从句的引导词关系代词关系副词where (地点状语)when (时间状语)why (原因状语)（一）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语，有时也作宾语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 分析：关系词who 在从句中作主语。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 分析：关系词__________ 在从句中作________。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 分析：关系词_________在从句中作________。
高中英语语法复习——定语从句(共45张ppt)
2、先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或 者代词叫做先行词。定语从句通常 置于它所修饰的成分之后。
eg: The boy who is playing basketball is my younger brother.
3、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词就叫关系 词。
A. 把从句和主句中被修饰的先行词连接在 一起．
2. I think the day will finally come______ air pollution can be put under control. A. that B. which C. when D. as
3. This is the store______ we visited the famous shop assistant. A. where B. there C. that D. which
结构分析： 系词所指代的先行词在句中作 know的宾语。
4. I don’t like the way _____ you speak to her. A. / B. that C. in which D. all A, B and C
特别注意!（5）
在实践中会遇到很多形似定语从句的句子，要 注意定语从句与其它从句的结构上的细微差别, 能够正确区分使用它们.
couldn’t be found.
A. that
B.where C. in which D. in that
The places couldn’t be found.可知关 系词所指代的先行词在句中作主语。
结构分析：
3. This is the reason ______ he has always been eager to know for these years. A. which B. why C. for which D. because He has always been eager to know the reason for these years.可知关
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高考英语语法复习系列之1---定语从句Part one----基础知识I. 定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。
(以分词、介词短语为例）例：The girl behind the tree is Kate.The man driving too fast was a drunk在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。
例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.The man who was driving too fast was a drunk定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。
被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。
普通代词与关系代词的区别I have a sister. She works in Shanghai. she代替sisterI have a sister who/that works in Shanghai.❑普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例she)❑关系代词：（如上例who/that）1. 除了代替先行词外，2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分，3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。
（把主句和从句连起来）关系词的选用与判断正确选择关系词是掌握定语从句的关键。
关系词的选择完全取决于先行词在定语从句中IV．介词+关系代词：1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2）that前不能有介词。
3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?Do you remember the day when you joined our club?4）介词的位置变化以及相应的关系词的变化。
请分析下面两个句子。
①那就是他工作的大学。
┏ at which he works.┣ which he works at.That is the college ┣ where he works.┣ that he works at.┗ he works at.②它出生的那一天是1952年8月20日。
┏ on which he was born┣ which he was born onThe day ┣ when he was born was Aug.20,1952.┣ that he was born on┗ he was born on总结：介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。
1.as与which都可以引导一个非限制性定语从句，并代表前面整个句子或主句中的表语。
He married the girl，as(which)was natural.He seemed a freigner,as(which)in fact he was.不同的是：as引导的定语从句可以前置，而which不行。
As was natural, he married the girl.2. 在the same…as,such…as,as…as结构中，same,such,as之后应是名词或形容词＋名词。
We are facing the same problems as we did years ago.Some people have no doubt that their cat understands as many words as a dog does.We hope to get such a tool as he is using.这三种结构也可以用which改写。
但要去掉这种结构，不能直接用which代替as。
以上三句分别可以改写成：We are facing the problems which we faced years ago.Some people have no doubt that their cat understands the words which a dog understands.We hope to get the tool which he is using.3.the same…as与the same…that引导的定语从句在意义上的区别是：前者修饰的是与原物同样的；而后者修饰的就是先行词同样的东西。
是比较：This is the same watch as I lost.这和我丢失的那一只表一样。
（不是同一只）This is the same watch that I lost这就是我丢失的那一只表。
（同一只）VII. 定语从句与其它从句1.定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
首先看引导从句的关系词that是否在从句中充当句子成分。
如果在从句中充当主、宾、表，则是定语从句。
再看that前的名词是否是一些需要有内容的名词，如：idea, fact, thought, news等。
后面的从句是说明其内容的，（这个名词在后面的从句中部充当任何成分），这个从句则是同位语从句。
He expressed the hope that he has had for many years.hope在从句中不充当句子成分，又加上后面从句是说明hope的内容的，因此时同位语从句。
We heard the news that pleased everyone.We heard the news that our term had won.2. 定语从句还是状语从句1）Here is such a big stone as no one can move.2) Here is so big a stone as no one can move.3) Here is such a big stone that no one can move it4) Here is so big a stone that no one can move it.在1) 2)句中as 都在定语从句中做了move 的宾语，as是引导词，引导定语从句，而在3) 4)句中，that 上作来引导状语从句的。
3. 定语从句还是地点状语从句1）I’ll go to the place where you stay.2）I’ll go where you stay.在句1）中where是引导定语从句，而在句2）中where是引导在点状语从句的。
4．定语从句还是主语从句1）As is known to all, they are sure to win.2）It’s known to all that they are sure to win.在句1）中as是关系代词，代表后面的整个句子做主句的主语。
在句2）中it是代词，代表that引导的句子做主句的主语。
5. 独立句与定语从句分不清1）I met twenty students, some of whom are good at maths.2）I met twenty students. Some of them are good at maths.3）We reached the mountain, on the of which we saw a beautiful scene4）We reached the mountain. On the of it (or: On its top ) we saw a beautiful scene 1）和3）是主句和定语从句关系，所以我们要用关系代词，而在2）4）各两句中，它们是各自的独立句子，所以用代词。
当然在36中将on the top of which改为on whose top,则定语从句的关系更为明显。
6. 定语从句与what引导的名词性从句的转换1）He’s not the man that he was.2）He’s not what he was.3）China is no longer the country that it was.4）China is no longer what it was.我们常用名词+that改变成what的形式，如1）2）句，它们的意义基本上是一样的，只不过用名词+that更为清晰。
3）4）句也是如此。
7. 区别清"It +be"引导的强调句与带有定语从句的复合句。
请看下列两组句子:A. It was September 11, 2001 ________ the World Trade Center in New York was attacked.B. It was on September 11, 2001_______ the World Trade Center in New York was attacked.A. It was Wuhan ____________ Jill met the three-year-old girl and adopted her.B. It was in Wuhan ____________ Jill met the three-year-old girl and adopted her.以上两组A、B句除了分别相差介词on 和in之外,其余部分完全相同。
但一词之差句式不同,横线上的词也不同。
那么究竟哪个是强调句,哪个是含定语从句的复合句呢?有一个简单的判定方法:去掉It was和连接词(横线部分)。
如果剩余部分仍是一个完整的句子,则是强调句;否则,那个空格中所用的引导词及其引导的部分就是定语从句。
根据这个原则我们就很容易判断出两组的A句是含定语从句的复合句,横线部分分别用关系副词when 和where。
而B句则是强调句,横线部分应是that。
Part two 方法点拨定语从句的辨认（思考步骤）1. 找出先行词a.确定在从句中关系代词的人称、数和性。
b.确定定语从句的位置2. 确定关系代词在从句中的成分以确定关系代词的格3. 确定从句的时态（定语从句的时态都不受主句的限制）The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother.(主句)The woman is my mother.(叙述客观事实用一般现在时)(从句)The woman(who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday.(句中yesterday表示过去时间)判断关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。