口译整理
口译原文--个人整理
7th ASEM SummitI’m delighted to be back in Beijing for the 7th ASEM Summit and to be given this opportunity to address this important school that nurtures your nation’s leaders of tomorrow. I’m particularly pleased since the European Commission has had th e opportunity to support the school. But let me begin by commending you all for the successful Olympic Games. These Games brought today’s China into homes around the world. It is a vivid picture of a dynamic society undergoing tremendous change. It is a picture that those who ever able to attend the Games will carry with them forever. I’m convinced that the Games brought the world and China closer together. This is something we should build on for the future.Da vinciLeonardo da Vinci was born in 1452 in Tuscany. As early as 1466, he was working in a workshop. Then, in 1482 he moved to Milan. After the plague had swept the city of Milan in 1484-85, he turned his attention to town planning and made several designs for churches and other buildings. He moved to Florence, another city in Italy in 1500 where he painted the famous Mona Lisa in 1503. Then he returned to Milan. Between 1510 and 1515, after he had been working as an architect and engineer to the French King Louis 12 , he devoted himself to painting again and produced two great works St. Anne Mane & Child and St. John the Baptist. In 1515, the King of France invited Leonardo to live in France. He moved to a castle there where he spent his last years, carrying out his own research. He died in 1519.Harvard UniversityHarvard University is the oldest university in the United States and one of the most famous. It began in 1636 in Cambridge Massachusetts when a college was set up by the Massachusetts General Court with some of 400 English pounds for a school or college. The college gained the name Harvard in 1639 after a English clergyman John Harvard became one of the earliest financial supporters. T oday, Harvard has probably the world's biggest university endowment or private financial support fund. United States' presidents who graduated from Harvard include John F. Kennedy / Theodore Roosevelt / Franklin D. Roosevelt / John Quincy A dams / John A dams. The Harvard University Library is also the oldest in United States containing more than 12 million volumes in central undergraduate and department collections. Harvard has a high and important role in training Ameriacans for national and public office, and two important school are the Harvard Law school and John Fitzgerald Kennedy School of Government. Notable publications produced by Harvard include the Harvard Law Review, Harvard Business Review, the undergraduate publication Harvard Crimson and the human magazine Harvard Lampoon. Harvard's enrollment is just over 18,000.History of world ExpoThe Universal Expo, also known as World’s Fair, is one of the three largest events in the world, in terms of economic and cultural impact. However, compared with the other two great events, the Modern Olympic Games, and the World Cup, the Expo has the longest history.In 1851, the 1st Expo was held in London under the title “Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations”. At the Expo, participating countries will set up their national pavilions in distinctive architectural styles, with a view to attracting business people, and tourists all over the world.Usually an Expo will last between three and six months. The character of World Exhibitions has developed through history.The 1st era covered roughly the period from 1800 to 1950. In these days, World Exhibitions were especially focused on trade and famous for the display of scientific and technological advancements.The 2nd era stared with the 1939 New Y ork World’s Fair. From then on, World’s Fairs became more strongly based on a specific theme of cultural significance.Finally, in the early 1990s, countries started to use World Expo more widely and strongly as a platform to improve their national images.Im & Ex Volume in ChinaChina has already enjoyed a huge and continually growing import demand. China’s annual import volume increased from 10.9 billion US dollars in 1978 to 561.4 billion US dollars in 2004. In the last five years, China realized an average import growth rate of over 28%. Such considerably and rapidly growing import will provide the world economy with a broad market. According to conservative estimates, by 2010 China’s import and export volume with North America and the EU would surpass 400 billion US dollars respectively, with Japan and Republic of Korea topping 550 billion US dollars and with ten ASEAN countries exceeding 200 billion US dollars.Opening Speech for WEFI’m delighted to be here and address the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2009. Let me begin by thanking chairman Schwab for his kind invitation and thoughtful arrangements. This annual meeting has a special significance. Amidst a global financial crisis rarely seen in history, it brings together government leader, business people, experts and scholars of different countries to jointly explore ways to maintain international financial stability, promote world economic growth, and better address global issues.。
口译考试资料整理
A .English to Chinese1.随着我国加入WTO和对外经济交往迅速加深与扩大，英语广告已逐渐发展成为企业增进出口销售，开拓海外市场的一个主要手腕。
2.广告可以利用有争议的政治话题、社会话题作由头宣传自己，也可以赤裸裸吹自己的产品以抓住消费者的注意力，引导他们购买产品或服务。
3.这种牌子的吸尘器在国际市场上颇具竞争力，是同类产品中最畅销的。
4.咱们生产的电脑其特点是品质好，体积小，节能，而且易学好用。
5.随着世界经济的发展，报纸，杂志和电视愈来愈依赖广告，并使之成为公司收入的一大部份。
1. Along with China's entry into the WTO and more businesses going international, English advertisement has gradually become a major tool for enterprises to promote exportations and to develop foreign markets.2. Advertising can incorporate controversial political tones, social tones, partial nudity, etc. to capture the attention of consumers and entice them to make a purchase.3. Vacuum cleaner of this brand is competitive in the international market and it is the best- selling product of the same kind.4. The computer we produced is characterized by its high quality, compact size, energy saving qualities and is also easy to operate.5. With the rapid development of world economy, newspapers, magazines and television companies are dependent on advertising for a large part of their income.B. Chinese to English1.If the advertisers simply translate the successful ads at home into English, it is quite likely that they will not succeed.2.One of the most important automotive shows in China, Auto China 2021 will be held in June at the China International Exhibition Centre, Beijing.3.Interactive TV movies television into an entirely new medium combining entertainment, shopping, marketing and advertising.4.Advertising on British television is subject to strict regulations.5.As our product has all the features you need and is 20% cheaper compared with that of Japanese make,I strongly recommend it to you.1．若是广告的写作者只是简单地把国内成功的广告翻译成英文，往往不会成功。
口译教程参考答案整理版
Lesson 11.3 美国副总统复旦演讲韩市长，非常感谢您！谢谢您做介绍时的友好言辞。
今天我们很高兴来到这里。
我和我夫人为有这次机会再次来到中国访问感到荣幸。
感谢贵国对我们的欢迎，特别感谢复旦大学的热情接待。
我们为此感到不胜荣幸，谢谢你们！我们此行带来了布什总统和美国人民的良好祝愿。
我知道在座的许多人很快就要从这所优秀的大学毕业。
我听说贵校有极为严格的标准，得到复旦大学的学位代表着多年的刻苦攻读和自我约束。
我祝贺在座各位学业有成。
对各位老师坚持复旦大学99年追求卓越的传统我深表钦佩。
1.4 Speech by Wang Guangya at Princeton UniversityLadies and Gentlemen,Good evening.I am honored to be invited to your seminar tonight. For me, for my colleagues and for many other Chinese, Princeton has long been a familiar name. With a history longer than the country, it has produced many outstanding people, Woodrow Wilson, the 28th US president, Albert Einstein, the great scientist, and T. S. Eliot, the famous poet, to name but a few. As former president Bill Clinton said in 1996 at the celebrations for the 250th anniversary of Princeton,“At every pivotal moment in American history, Princeton, its leadership, faculty and its students have played a crucial role.”I am more pleased to learn that all of you have a keen interest in China. Though our two countries are geographically far apart, we have a great deal in common in the everyday life. While many Chinese enjoy Hollywood movies and McDonald’s fast food, many Americans find that their clothes and daily necessities are made in China. I hope that today’s seminar will help you gain a better understanding of China and its foreign policy, thus deepening further our friendship and cooperation.1.5 新工厂落成典礼上的讲话各位尊敬的来宾，女士们，先生们：下午好！欢迎大家前来参加我们公司在中国的首家新厂房的落成典礼！感谢各位拨冗光临，与我们共同庆祝这一盛大的活动！我谨代表公司对今天来参加典礼的各位供应商、客户嘉宾、各位员工和业务伙伴说声“谢谢！”公司管理层深深为我们的新工厂感到骄傲，我们能干的员工感到骄傲，他们发展了工厂的业务，使之达到国际水平。
英语口译六大翻译法则
英语口译六大翻译法则英语口译六大翻译法则为了方便同学们的口译学习,店铺整理了几个翻译的方法，希望能帮到大家!一：口语口译的连贯性Fluency & coherence 流利度和连贯性研究显示，口语流利程度较高者使用小品词的频率和类型总数明显高于流利程度较低者。
因此，小品词是促进英语口语流利性的有效策略之一。
小品词/口语润滑剂 pet phrasewell / you know / actually / soI hear that you're a doctor. Well, actually, I'm a dentist.A：May I have a word with your sister?B：Well, she is out.Verbal：what you say 说的内容多样性简单性典型性Vocal：how you say it说的方式情感性音律性连贯性Visual：body language 肢体语言自然性单词辨析：seat vs sit文化背景 /思维方式：坐，请坐，请上座;茶，上茶，上好茶;圆桌会议 Round Table The Declaration of Independence 1776 下述真理不证自明：人人生而平等We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.坐，请坐，请上座。
Sit. Sit down, please. Seat yourself.Go bilingual and go international.二：口语口译的多样性流氓：我想和你一起睡觉。
诗人：我想和你一起起床。
我爱你。
用英语怎么说?"我爱你"英文表达的4种版本：二B版本： 1.I can't live without you. 2.To the world you may be one person, but to me, you are my whole world. 3.I love you not because of who you are, but because of who I am when I am with you.普通版本：I love you.文艺版本：You light up my life. You take my breath away.牛B 版本：You are mine physically and mentally.1.and2.if3.so4.to5.by6.The harder you work,the more progress you will make.三：口语口译的情感性I love you!Read it.A:Are you a student?B:↘Yes,I am. (used to answer a question and say that sth is correct or true.)A:Sorry I am late.The bus didnot come.B:↗yes? (used to show that you donot believe what sb has said.)A:Excuse me ?B:↗Yes? (used for asking sb what they want.)四：口语口译的简单性你表现太出色了，掌声鼓励一下。
实用英语口译知识整理
实用英语口译知识整理1.英语口译课程是英语专业本科生的专业技能必修课，是英语专业主干课程, 其教学目标为：1) 初步了解翻译基础理论和英、汉两种语言的异同;2) 了解口译背景知识和训练口译的基本技巧，就专题进行交替传译，将中等难度的英语篇章或段落译成汉语，能将中等难度的汉语篇章或段落译成英语。
译文忠实原文，语言通顺。
3）能较准确、流畅地进行日常生活及一般外交活动的汉英对译。
2.口译定义：口译是一种通过口头表达形式，将所听到（间或读到）的信息准确而又快速地由一种语言转换成另一种语言，进而达到传递与交流信息之目的的交际行为，是人类在跨文化、跨民族交往活动中所依赖的一种基本的语言交际工具。
口译是指“对口头表达的信息及文本进行的口头翻译”(Shuttleworth & Cowie, 1997:82)It is defined as "oral translation of a written text" (Shuttleworth & Cowie: 1997:83). Interpreting is a service activity with a communication function. (Gile) It is usually a face-to-face communicative act.3.口译与口语：1．译入语TL口语是口译的基础2．口译的规范化，摒弃口语中的亲昵语、方言、粗俗语、过激语言，口译要“宁缺毋滥”，求实为信、流利为达、动听为雅3. 中国目前的口译教学常常被认为是：口头表述的笔译教学4.口笔译差异：the difference in the mediumthe difference in the time limitThe key skill of a very good translator is the ability to write well，professional translators almost always work in only one direction, translating only into their native language ,using a good library of dictionaries and reference materials,An interpreter, on the other hand, has to be able to translate in both directions, without the use of any dictionaries on the spot.5.口译性质：即席性extemporaneousness强压性stressfulness独立性independence综合性comprehensiveness博杂性miscellaneousness6.口译标准：严复：信、达、雅钟述孔、梅德明：准确、流利李越然：准、顺、快仲伟合：忠实、通顺、及时方凡泉：及时、准确、完整、易懂、自然、流利D Seleskovitch:达意、通顺综合观点：信、达、捷7.口译类型：By forms交替口译( alternating interpretation )同声传译( simultaneous interpretation )接续口译( consecutive interpretation )耳语口译( whispering interpretation ) 视阅口译( sight interpretation )By ways: 单向口译( one-way interpretation )双向口译( two-way interpretation )By contents：导游口译( guide interpretation ) 礼仪口译(ceremony interpretation )宣传口译( information interpretation ) 会议口译( conference interpretation )谈判口译( negotiation interpretation )按操作方式分为两大类型：即席翻译（Consecutive I）同声传译(Simultaneous I) 会议传译Conference simultaneous I 视阅翻译Sight I耳语翻译Whispering I8.口译的过程：听listening 记memorizing 思processing 表delivering9.口译的语体：口语语体半正式语体正式语体10.译员素质：A good interpreter is required to have a high level of linguistic competence, wide general knowledge, sufficient subject-specific knowledge, and necessary cross-cultural awareness as well as a good mastery of interpreting skills, such as note-taking techniques, the ability to abstract and paraphrase, the art of public speaking and a good memory. Knowledge of the general subject of the speeches that are to be interpreted.General erudition and intimate familiarity with both cultures.Extensive vocabulary in both languages.Ability to express thoughts clearly and concisely in both languages.A good mastering of interpreting skillsA good memory.A strong sense of responsibilityA solid foundation of two languagesProfound knowledgeGood memoryQuick thinkingOutstanding ability of understandingFluent expression of ideas11.译员知识构成：KI=KL+EK+S(P+AP)译员应该掌握的知识=双语知识+百科知识+技能(职业口译技能+艺术表达技能)KI=Knowledge Required for an InterpreterKL=Knowledge for languageEK=Encyclopedic KnowledgeS（P+AP）= Professional Interpreting Skills and Artistic Presentation Skills12.相关理论：达尼卡. 塞莱丝柯维奇（Danica Seleskovitch）教授于20世纪60年代后期创立的释意派理论，首先是一种口译理论，该理论的出发点和角度与传统的语言学派翻译理论完全不同，“其基本要点是严格区分语言与话语的相对独立作用和相互关系，区分翻译过程中的已知内容和未知内容之间的关系”（方梦之，2004：39）。
数字的口译整理版
分数
• • • • • • • • 分子---基数词 分母----序数词 分子>1时， 分母用复数 1/5----one fifth 4/5----four fifths 特殊分数 5¼----five and one fourth 分母特别大的分数 53/79(七十九分之五十三）---- fifty-three over seventy -nine
4．四分之三 8．七十三分之三十一 12．0.089% 16．23.56 公顷 20．780.9 万 24．4,020.009 亿
• • • • • • • • • • • • •
1．五十公里左右 5．二十公里以内 9．六十岁上下 13．十来公斤 17．七八千人 21．几千万的投资 2．接近七十公里 6．七点钟左右 10．差不多一百美元 14．四五百公斤 18．好几万年 22．成千上万
Exercises
• • • • • • • • • • • • 490 90,000 6,890,000 897 68,59000 3,934,300 4，567 78,890 12,678,910 8,565 12，346 341,324
• • • • • • • •
99,880,126 490,970,00 16,665,000,999 8,000,000,000,000 65,329,908 3,581,7Байду номын сангаас0,200 96,234,030,765 2,522,509,564,000
• • • • • • • • • •
表示”相邻”的数目 Or ，or more 三三两两 两个或两个以上 一两个 one or two 两三个two or three 六七十 sixty or seventy 三四千three thousand or four thousand 两个或两个以上 two or more 十个或十个以上 ten or more
英语口译整理
Passage1Ladies and gentlemen, it is great pleasure to have you all here this evening. On behalf of the International Trade Association, I'd like to extend a warm welcome to you all. Welcome to China! Welcome to the Trade Fair!女士们，先生们：今晚各位能出席这个酒会，我们深感荣幸。
我仅代表国际贸易协会向各位致以热烈欢迎。
欢迎到中国来！欢迎参加这个交易会！This Fair is more than a business event. It promotes friendship as well as trade. It is important to have an opportunity like this to meet and exchange views with each other.交易会不只是商业活动。
它不但促进贸易，而是促进友谊。
有机会相互见面并交换看法，这是十分重要的。
In developing foreign trade, we stand for the principle of "mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit". I believe it will help develop our national economy independently.在发展对外贸易中，我们坚持相互“相互尊重，平等互利”的原则。
我相信，这一原则有助于发展我们各国独立的民族经济。
I want to take this opportunity to express my thanks for the close cooperation and kind support our friends have given us over this years. Now may I propose a toast：To the success of the Fair! To our friendship and cooperation! To the health of everyone here! Cheers!我愿借此机会向各位朋友在几年来给予我们的密切合作与热心支持表示感谢。
中级口译口试词汇分类整理
中级口译口试词汇分类整理1.) 经济类APEC, ASEAN, EU, EC (EEC), G8EURO, RMB, YEN, POUND, DOLLARUN, WHO, IMF, PLO, FBI, VOA, CIA , NSA, CCCP, DMZ, PLA, QFII, PBOC,CEPA NATO, NASA, UNESCO, OPEC, NAFTA, SAFEassociate company (subsidiary / affiliate) 联营公司（子公司、附属公司）aggregate demand 总需求aggregate supply总供给advanced technology 先进技术active balance (passive balance/ unfavorable balance) 顺差 (逆差) acquire 购置、获取，购买，取得所有权acquisition of assets 购置资产absolute advantage 绝对优势（一国或一国的一部分由于拥有原材料、动力、劳动力等自然资源，因而能较廉价地生产某一产品，因此拥有胜过其他国家或地区的优势。
）authorization bill授权书asset资产Boao Forum for Asia 博鳌亚洲论坛bottom line 帐本底线, 底线banking 银行业black market 黑市budget 预算budget deficit预算赤字budget surplus预算盈余bureaucracy 官僚作风, 官僚机构business cycle 商业周期business mechanism 创业机制business prototype商业原型、商业模型brand loyalty对某个牌子的忠诚度?business fraud (accounting fraud) 商业欺诈 (做假帐)bull/bear market 牛市/ 熊市cutting edge (have an edge on) 优势（比…有优势）cash bonuses 现金奖励commercial 商业广告commodity商品convertible currency可兑换的货币corporate / entrepreneurial culture 企业文化capital资本, 资金, 资产checks and balances政府机关彼此之间、公司内部各部门的相互制约和平衡civil rights/civil liberties公民权利、自由commerce clause商业条款common law习惯法comparative advantage 相对优势competition竞争confederation联邦contract 合同cost 成本dealer/ jobber/ broker 经销商/经纪人depreciation / appreciation 贬值/增值deflation / inflation通货紧缩/ 通货膨胀designer clothing/jeans / sneakers 名牌服装/牛仔裤/运动鞋demand 需求strong demand需求强劲weak demand需求疲软insufficient demand需求不足effective demand 有效需求demand curve需求曲线democracy民主depression 萧条，经济不景气的一段时期，其特征是商业活动减少、价格下降、失业discount rate 贴现率discount market贴现市场double / triple / quadruple…两倍/三倍/四倍（翻两翻）economic growth经济增长economics经济学economical节约的, 经济的efficiency 效率，功效elasticity 弹性、可塑性、灵活度elite 精英entrepreneur, entrepreneurship 企业家，企业equities [英][pl. ](无固定利息的)股票, 证券electronic dealing 电子交易employment 就业employment rate就业率employment insurance (EI, 旧称UI--unemployment insurance)失业保险interest rate(s)利率infrastructure基础设施inflation通货膨胀fiscal year 财政年度foreign-invested venture 外资企业foreign-capital enterprise外资企业fund / capital / venture capital 资金, 资本/ 风险资金federal reserve system(美国)联邦备银行制度federation 联邦fiscal policy财政政策, 财务方针free trade 自由贸易future market 期货市场go public 上市go under 倒闭gross domestic product (GDP) 国内生产总值gross national product (GNP) 国民生产总值hedge (against) 保护或防御手段, 尤指防止经济损失a hedge against inflation. 防止通货膨胀的措施hands-off management 疏松管理high return 高收益，高回报human capital人力资本，技能资本hyperinflation恶性通货膨胀investment fever 投资热investment policy投资政策investment destination投资地点infrastructure基础设施immediate yield直接回报ideology意识形态incentive 动力interest group 利益集团(指因共同利益而结合在一起的一批人) joint venture 合资企业labor 劳动力law of demand 需求定律law of supply供给定律legitimacy合理性、合法性limited liability corporation 有限公司listed companies 上市公司liquidity 变现能力market intelligence 市场情报、市场调查market share市场占有率market economy 市场经济managerial expertise管理知识mass production批量生产mechanism 机制merger合并monopoly垄断macroeconomics宏观经济学merit 价值microeconomics微观经济学monetary policy 货币政策mortgage 按揭make ends meet 收支平衡national debt 国债oligarchy寡头政治, 寡头政治的执政团opportunity cost 机会成本optimize (maximize / minimize) 优化 / 最大化/ 最小化paragon 模范patent 专利political economy 政治经济private enterprise 私营企业productivity 生产力product 产品produce 农产品promotion 促销price 价格place 地点4 P = product, price, place and promotionprofit 利润profitable 有利可图的propaganda （贬义）宣传protectionism （贸易）保护主义performance 业绩public sector 公共部门private sector 私营部门potential market 潜在市场plunge / dip / down （价格）猛跌/ 小跌/ 下跌recession 衰退，不景气referendum 公投rent 租金resources 资源savings 储蓄scarcity 缺乏separation of powers 权利分离subsidy 津贴supply 供给supply side economics 供方经济学start / build… from scratch 从零开始soar / surge / climb （价格）上涨strategic planning 战略部署, 战略计划stock / bond / securities 股票/ 债券/ 证券stock option (share option) 股票期权stock index 股指streamline 精减sales volume 销售额strong （dollar /currency / yen / RMB …）（货币）坚挺tariff 关税tax税taxation税收tax relief 税收减除tax holiday 免税期tax policy 税收政策title 所有权trade deficit (surplus) 贸易逆差 / 顺差trade volume 贸易额regime 政权、机制rally 反弹, 股市价格和成交额在下跌后显著的上升restructure 改组、重组top-down management 自上而下的管理模式trade bloc贸易集团（如：欧盟）trade balance 贸易平衡trade sanction贸易制裁turnover 销售额Shanghai Stock Exchange 上海证券交易所Shenzhen SE 深圳证券交易所NewYork SE 纽约证券交易所London SE 伦敦证券交易所transaction 交易upstart (new rich) 暴发户unemployment rate 失业率utility 设施veto 否决venture capital 风险资金work force 职工总数、劳动力welfare state 福利国家2) 政治类“Agriculture, Countryside and Farmer” issues 三农问题"bringing in" and "going out" “引进来”和“走出去”政策"eight do's" and "eight don'ts" “八个坚持、八个反对”Four Cardinal Principles四项基本原则Four modernizations 四个现代化（农、工、国防、科技）"one china, one Taiwan" “一中一台”“one country, two systems”“一国两制”“south -south cooperation”“南南合作”"Taiwan independence" “台湾独立”"two Chinas" “两个中国”“Three Represents”“三个代表”three direct links (mail, air and shipping services and trade)（两岸）直接三通the eight-point proposal八项主张the five principles of peaceful coexistence 和平共处五项原则the fourth plenary session 四中全会the ninth five-year plan (1996-2000) “九五”计划the tenth five-year plan (2001-2005) “十五”计划the third plenary session of the eleventh central committee十一届三中全会the three major historical tasks三大历史任务the three Sino-Us joint communiqués 《中美三个联合公报》three favorables三个有利于16th party congress 十六大23 million Taiwan compatriots 两千三百万台湾同胞a well-off standard小康水平a well-off society小康社会advance the development of the western region推进西部大开发advances with the time 与时代发展同步伐at the proper time and to an appropriate degree适时适度attempts to split the country各种分裂图谋blazing new trails in a pioneering spirit开拓创新build a well-off society in an all-round way 全面建设小康社会building a moderately prosperous society in all respects全面建设小康社会build a clean and honest government廉政建设build a conservation-minded society建设(资源)节约型社会china's cross-century development我国的跨世纪发展china's international standing 我国的国际地位china's overall national strength我国综合国力citizens' participation in political affairs公民政治参与civic duty公民职责civil rights / civil liberties公民权利、自由civil servants公务员creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity创造力、凝聚力和战斗力cross-straits negotiations 两岸谈判cross-straits relations 两岸关系crucial historical juncture 重大历史关头democratic decision-making民主决策democratic elections 民主选举democratic management民主管理Democratic Progressive Party 民进党democratic supervision 民主监督Deng Xiaoping theory邓小平理论deputy to the National People's Congress 全国人大代表extensive and profound 博大精深extravagance and waste 铺张浪费falsification 弄虚作假family planning计划生育federations of industry 工商联fetters of subjectivism and metaphysics 主观主义和形而上学的桎梏fight against "Taiwan Independence" 反对“台独”good-neighborly relationship睦邻友好government functions 政府职能government institutions政府机构government intervention政府干预government organs政府机构(have) a good government and a united people 政通人和historic breakthrough 历史性突破hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping theory高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜honesty 诚实守信honesty and high efficiency廉洁高效Hong Kong And Macao special administrative regions香港、澳门特别行政区ideological and moral education 思想道德建设intellectuals 知识分子intensify functions 强化功能international organizations国际性组织international situation 国际形势iron out differences 化解歧见keep pace with the times 与时俱进kingpin支撑long-term peace and order长治久安long-term social stability and solidarity长期社会安定团结Macao澳门Mao Zedong thought 毛泽东思想Marxism Leninism马克思列宁主义mass organizations人民团体masters of the country当家作主material and cultural needs of the people 人民的物质文化需要material and spiritual civilization 物质文明和精神文明media and publicity work 宣传舆论工作moral kingpin 精神支撑morality, intelligence, physique and art德智体美national rejuvenation through science and education 科教兴国national reunification祖国统一national spirit民族精神negotiations on peaceful reunification和平统一谈判neighborhood committee 居委会NPC member人大代表our compatriots in Taiwan台湾同胞our compatriots in the Hong Kong SAR香港特别行政区同胞our compatriots in the Macao SAR 澳门特别行政区同胞patriots from all walks of life 各界爱国人士patriotic democratic personages爱国民主人士patriotic united front 爱国统一战线peace and development 和平与发展peace, justice and progress和平，正义，进步problems facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers 农业、农村和农民问题grain distribution system粮食流通体制reduce agricultural tax rate降低农业税税率reform of rural taxes and administrative charges农村税费改革repeal taxes on special agricultural products取消农业特产税rescind agricultural taxes in five years 五年内取消农业税to alleviate rural poverty through development农村扶贫开发proceed from our national conditions 从我国国情出发promote all-round social progress促进社会全面进步realm of ideology意识形态领域reform and opening-up改革开放reform, development and stability改革发展稳定rule (run) the country by law依法治国rule (run) the country by virtue以德治国running the party, state and army 治党治国治军survival and development生存和发展sustainable development 可持续发展system of regional ethnic autonomy 民族区域自治制度the Chinese people of all ethnic groups 全国各族人民the great cause of national reunification 祖国统一大业the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation中华民族的伟大复兴the people of all social strata 社会各阶层人们the provincial and municipal (prefectural) government省、市（地）两级地方政府the return of Hong Kong And Macao to the motherland香港和澳门回归祖国the smooth transition of power平稳过渡two conferences (NPC and CPPCC)两会（人大，政协）unified, open, competitive and orderly 统一、开放、竞争、有序unprecedented difficulties and pressure 空前巨大的困难和压力vigilance against risks 抗风险能力vitality, creativity and cohesion of a nation民族的生命力、创造力和凝聚力win -win co-operation 强强联手with a long history behind it 源远流长world outlook 世界观3. ) TOURISM景点 tourist spot;tourist attraction名胜古迹 scenic spots and historical sites避暑胜地 summer resort度假胜地 holiday resort避暑山庄 mountain resort国家公园 national park古建筑群 ancient architectural complex佛教胜地 Buddhist sacred land皇城imperial city御花园 imperial garden甲骨文 inscription on bones and tortoiseshells古玩店 antique/curio shop手工艺品 artifact; handicrafts国画 traditional Chinese painting天坛 the Temple of Heaven紫禁城 Forbidden City故宫the Imperial Palace敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang玉佛寺the Jade Buddha Temple岩溶地形karst topography布达拉宫 Potala Palace 洞穴/岩洞 cave; cavern温泉 hot spring陵墓 emperor’s mausoleum/tomb古墓 ancient tomb石窟 grotto祭坛 altar楼 tower; mansion台 terrace亭阁 pavilion桥bridges溪streams假山rockeries塔 pagoda; tower廊 corridor石舫 stone boat湖心亭 mid-lake pavilion保存完好 well-preserved工艺精湛 exquisite workmanship景色如画 picturesque views诱人景色 inviting views文化遗产cultural heritage/ legacy4.) 社会 ( 现象/ 问题)abortion 人工流产, 堕胎abuse of power滥用职权altruism 利他主义, 利他an aging population 人口老龄化anti-porn drive / campaign扫黄运动asylum .庇护(一国政府对他国政治难民提供的保护和豁免) bigamy 重婚birth rate人口出生率burglarproof door / antitheft door 防盗门chain effect; domino effect 连锁反应civic morality社会公德civility and harmony文明祥和community service社区服务corruption贪污court of ethics 道德法庭crime犯罪arson纵火, 纵火罪complaint center 投诉中心crimes committed by Mafia-like gangs黑恶势力犯罪drug rehabilitation center戒毒所drug trafficker毒枭drug-related crimes 毒品犯罪embezzlement盗用公款frequent property-related crimes多发性侵财犯罪juvenile delinquency青少年犯罪narcotics squad 缉毒队organized crime集团犯罪robbery抢劫sexual harassment性骚扰shoplifting 在商店偷窃商品smuggling走私theft 偷窃行为violent crimes 严重暴力犯罪demography / larithmics人口统计学DINK (Double Income No Kids)丁克一族discrimination 歧视age discrimination 年龄歧视discrimination against women 歧视妇女Feminism 男女平等主义；女权运动Feminist movement女权运动femininity .妇女特质, 柔弱性, 温柔gender / sexualdiscrimination 性别歧视job discrimination工作歧视male chauvinism 男权主义思想politically correct (PC) 政治性正确的Masculinity 男性, 阳刚之气sexism 男性至上主义, 蔑视女性sexual harassment性骚扰drug abuse 吸毒egalitarian 主张人人平等的n. 平等主义eliminate terrorism at root 消除恐怖主义的根源emotion quotient (EQ) 情商family planning 计划生育fine tradition 优秀传统gambling 赌博homosexual marriage同性婚姻sexual orientation n. 性取向gray income 灰色收入hardened professional (criminal)惯犯have an affair / an ultra-marriage affair婚外恋home for the aged / seniors' home敬老院Hope Project 希望工程household management service家政服务illiteracy文盲income disparity收入分化；贫富分化infant mortality婴儿死亡率infiltrative, subversive and splittist activities渗透、颠覆和分裂活动IPR (intellectual property right) 知识产权piracy非法翻印,盗版bootleg盗版copyright law 版权法copyright licensing business版权贸易copyright reserved; copyrighted 版权所有royalty 版税author's royalty著者版税, 作者稿酬copyright royalty 版税, 版权费fight against illegal publications“打非”underground publications 地下出版物anti-fake label. 防伪标志law of the jungle 弱肉强食法则lawsuit诉讼[glossary] [扩展]lawyer律师attorney <美>律师prosecutor公诉人case of public prosecution 公诉案件win a lawsuit胜诉appeal to a higher court 上诉charge 控告drop a lawsuit撤消控告court of appeals上诉法庭barrister(在英国有资格出席高等法庭并辩护的)律师, 法律顾问solicitor（多用于英国）初级律师，只能在低级法庭出庭的律师bar association 律师协会suspect 犯罪嫌疑人defendant 被告plaintiff 起诉人, 原告capital punishment 死刑bail 保释fine罚款jury 陪审团life sentence 判处无期徒刑notary / notarization 公证人/ 公证local police station 派出所Malthusian Theory of Population 马尔萨斯人口论material / spiritual culture 物质 / 精神文化migrant laborer 民工migrant rural workers务工农民minimum wage 最低工资money worship 拜金主义morality道德nationwide census 全国人口普查nationwide fitness campaign全民健身运动negative population growth (NPG) 人口负增长neighborhood committee / residents' committee 居委会Pandora's box 潘多拉魔盒pluralism 多元文化论polarization of rich and poor贫富悬殊polarization of wealth贫富两极化；贫富分化popularity rate普及率poverty alleviation 扶贫Poverty Relief Office扶贫办公室pro-choice 主张人工流产为合法的professional title 职称protect legitimate rights and interests of women, minors and the handicapped 保障妇女、未成年人和残疾人的合法权益quality of population 人口素质racism 种族主义acculturation 文化适应assimilation 同化, 同化作用antiracism education反种族主义教育colonialism 殖民主义ethnic cleansing种族清理 (种族灭绝)ethnic group同种同文化之民族ethnocentrism 民族优越感race人种stereotype成见genocide有计划的灭种和屠杀Anti-Semite.反犹份子(的)racial discrimination 种族歧视bias偏见revoke license 吊销执照sabotage阴谋破坏, 怠工, 破坏vi. / vt。
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Ladies and gentlemen, it is great pleasure to have you all here this evening. On behalf of the International Trade Association, I'd like to extend a warm welcome to you all. Welcome to China! Welcome to the Trade Fair!女士们，先生们：今晚各位能出席这个酒会，我们深感荣幸。
我仅代表国际贸易协会向各位致以热烈欢迎。
欢迎到中国来！欢迎参加这个交易会！This Fair is more than a business event. It promotes friendship as well as trade. It is important to have an opportunity like this to meet and exchange views with each other.交易会不只是商业活动。
它不但促进贸易，而是促进友谊。
有机会相互见面并交换看法，这是十分重要的。
In developing foreign trade, we stand for the principle of "mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit". I believe it will help develop our national economy independently.在发展对外贸易中，我们坚持相互“相互尊重，平等互利”的原则。
我相信，这一原则有助于发展我们各国独立的民族经济。
I want to take this opportunity to express my thanks for the close cooperation and kind support our friends have given us over these years. Now may I propose a toast：To the success of the Fair! To our friendship and cooperation! To the health of everyone here! Cheers!我愿借此机会向各位朋友在几年来给予我们的密切合作与热心支持表示感谢。
现在请允许我提议：“为交易会的圆满成功，为我们的友谊与合作，为在座各位的健康，干杯！”Passage2After China joins the World Trade Organization, average Chinese consumers will start to find more choices in their shops, including many new items from overseas. But, will they buy them? It isn't something that can be taken for granted.加入世界贸易组织之后，中国的普通消费者将会发现可供选择的商品增多，其中不乏来自国外的许多新品牌。
届时，消费者们是否选购这些商品呢？答案还很难说。
However, the survey suggests that richer Chinese are more inclined to take homemade products.59% of respondents said that they foreign brands when they are choosing from the same category.但是，通过这次调查，比较富有的中国消费者将会更加倾向于支持国产品牌。
59%的采访对象表示，在同类产品中，他们会选择国货。
Of course, this doesn't mean that imported items will all be left on the shelf. On the contrary, Chinese consumers have cultivated a liking for trying out new products. While two thirds of respondents admit to being drawn to try new and distinctive items.当然，这并不意味着进口商品将会一直滞留在货架上，卖不出去。
恰恰相反，中国消费者已经开始培养起一种喜爱尝试新事物的消费心理。
尽管三分之二的采访对象表示自己更习惯于选购自己熟悉的品牌，仍然有四分之三的人承认自己会被有特色的新产品吸引。
On the whole, a common feeling among Chinese elites is that their country's accession to the WTO will boost Chinese economic prosperity in the main frame of world economy. Business opportunities will steadily increase, capital investments will rise constantly, and the overall economy will be improving.总体来说，中国的精英分子相信加入世贸组织将会使中国的经济更好地融入世界经济的大框架之中。
商业机会将持续增多，投资数额将继续上扬，整个经济状况会愈来愈好。
关于提升公务员的工资问题，有两种截然不同的看法，支持者们认为，提升公务员的工资能够刺激消费和经济增长，有助于保持公务员的诚实性。
//As far as the pay rise of public servants is concerned, there are two contrasting views. Supporters maintain that increasing the salary of public servants can stimulate consumption and economic growth, and contribute to keeping public servants honest.反对者们则认为，与公务员相比，下岗人员的收入更低，很多人生活困难。
工资的提升将进一步拉大这两个群体之间的收入差距。
//Opponents argue that, compared with public servants, laid-off employees have an even lower income and many live in difficult conditions. The wage increase will further widen the income gap between the two groups.另一方面，政府机构的重组和政府职能的转变尚未进行完毕，劳动力过剩和效率低下仍然是政府机构中的严重问题。
//On the other hand, government institutional restructuring and transformation of government functions have not been completed,and redundancy and low efficiency remain serious in government organizations.在这种情况下，加工资只能加大机构重组和裁员工作的难度。
//Under such circumstances, the pay rise can only add difficulty to the endeavors of institutional restructuring and staff downsizingPassage4工作面试是推销自己的时候，通过举些例子说说你经过的和这份工作有关的事，以及通过表现你的优点来推销自己。
//The job interview is the time to "sell" yourself by giving examples of experiences you've had related to the job and by revealing your good points.随身带一份简历或一系列为从事这份工作而修过的学校课程是个好主意，不要夸大事实要诚实，但表现出有信心，对自己干这份工作的能力有把握。
//It's a good idea to have a handy job resume or a list of school courses that prepared you for the job. Don't exaggerate the truth. Be honest, but show confidence in yourself and your ability to do the job.工作面试是找工作的一个重要部分，因为你所表现的态度留下的印象可以使面试官对你有好感或对你有反感。
//The job interview is an important part of the job search because the attitude and impression you project can make the interviewer feel "with" or "against" you.记住，你有能力创造一个有利的印象，面试官能够识别真正的热情和兴趣。
//Remember that you have the power to create a favorable impression. Interviewers have the intelligence to recognize genuine enthusiasm and interest.Passage5The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only international organization dealing with the global rules of trade between nations. Its main function is to ensure that trade flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as possible.世界贸易组织是唯一制定国家之间贸易规则的国际性组织。