Unit-2-The-Power-of-Words新编大学英语第二版第四册课文翻译
Unit 2 The Power of WordsThe Power of a NoteOn my first job as sports editor for the Montpelier (Ohio) Leader Enterprise, I didn't get a lot of fan mail, so I was intrigued by a letter that was dropped on my desk one morning.When I opened it, I read: "A nice piece of writing on the Tigers. Keep up the good work." It was signed by Don Wolfe, the sports editor. Because I was a teenager (being paid the grand total of 15 cents a column inch), his words couldn't have been more inspiring. 11 kept the letter in my desk drawer until it got rag-eared. Whenever I doubted I had the right stuff to be a writer, I would reread Don's note and feel confident again.Later, when I got to know him, I learned that Don made a habit of writing a quick, encouraging word to people in all walks of life. "When I make others feel good about themselves," he told me, "I feel good too."Not surprisingly, he had a body of friends as big as nearby Lake Erie. When he died last year at 75, the paper was flooded with calls and letters from people who had been recipients of his spirit-lifting words.Over the years, I've tried to copy the example of Don and other friends who care enough to write uplifting comments, because I think they are on to something important. In a world too often cold and unresponsive, such notes bring warmth and reassurance. We all need a boost from time to time, and a few lines of praise have been known to turn around a day, even a life.Why, then, are there so few upbeat note writers? My guess is that many who shy away from the practice are too self-conscious. They're afraid they'll be misunderstood, sound sentimental or insincere. Also, writing takes time; it's far easier to pick up the phone.The drawback with phone calls, of course, is that they don't last. A note attaches more importance to our well-wishing. It is a matter of record, and our words can be read more than once, savored and treasured.Even though note writing may take longer, some pretty busy people do it, including George Bush. Some say he owes much of his success in politics to his ever-ready pen. How? Throughout his career he has followed up virtually every contact with a cordial response—a compliment, a line of praise or a nod of thanks. His notes go not only to friends and associates, but to casual acquaintances and total strangers—like the surprised person who got a warm pat on the back for lending Bush an umbrella.Even top corporate managers, who have mostly affected styles of leadership that can be characterized only as tough, cold and aloof, have begun to learn the lesson, and earn the benefits, of writing notes that lift people up. Former Ford chairman Donald Peterson, who is largely credited for turning the company round in the 1980s, made it a practice to write positive messages to associates every day. "I'd just scribble them on a memo pad or the corner of a letter and pass them along," he says. "The most important ten minutes of your day are those you spend doing something to boost the people who work for you."Too often," he observed, "people we genuinely like have no idea how we feel about them. Too often we think, I haven't said anything critical; why do I have to say something positive? We forget that human beings need positive reinforcement—in fact, we thrive on it!"What does it take to write letters that lift spirits and warm hearts? Only a willingness to express our appreciation. The most successful practitioners include what I call the four "S's" of note writing.1) They are sincere. No one wants false praise.2) They are usually short. If you can't say what you want to say in three sentences, you're probably straining3) They are specific. Complimenting a business colleague by telling him "good speech" is too vague; "great story about Warren Buffet's investment strategy" is precise.4) They are spontaneous. This gives them the freshness and enthusiasm that will linger in the reader's mind long afterward.It's difficult to be spontaneous when you have to hunt for letter-writing materials, so I keep paper, envelopes and stamps close at hand, even when I travel. Fancy stationery isn't necessary; it's the thought that counts.So, who around you deserves a note of thanks or approval? A neighbor, your librarian, a relative, your mayor, your mate, a teacher, your doctor? You don't need to be poetic. If you need a reason, look for a milestone, the anniversary of a special event you shared, or a birthday or holiday. For the last 25 years, for example, I've prepared an annual Christmas letter for long-distance friends, and I often add a handwritten word of thanks or congratulations. Acknowledging some success or good fortune that has happened during the year seems particularly appropriate considering the spirit of the Christmas season.Be generous with your praise. Superlatives like "greatest," "smartest," "prettiest" make us all feel good. Even if your praise is a little ahead of reality, remember that expectations are often the parents of dreams fulfilled.Today I got a warm, complimentary letter from my old boss and mentor, Norman Vincent Peale. His little note to me was full of uplifting phrases, and it sent me to my typewriter to compose a few overdue letters of my own. I don't know if they will make anybody else's day, but they made mine. As my friend Don Wolfe said, making others feel good about themselves makes me feel good too.便笺的力量1 我当体育编辑，最早是为蒙比利埃（俄亥俄州）的《企业导报》工作，当时我很少收到体育迷的来信。
新编大学英语 book4 Unit 2 the power of words
Words are powerful（强有力地）. Words are influential(有影响力的). Words can be disagreeable（令人不愉快的）. Words can be feeble（微弱的，无力的）. Words are…
Before Reading
Sample
The sentence that encouraged me most is that “No matter what happens, I will be on your side.” It was said by my father before I attended College Entrance Examination. I was quite nervous at that time because the exam really meant a lot to me. Hearing my father saying words like that, I felt like I have nothing to fear. What my father said gave me a boost and I did not feel worried any longer.
Step 1
Please write down the sentence that moved you most, the sentence that encouraged you most, and the sentence that hurt you most.
Before Reading
Sample
The Power of Words
TASK ONE
Unit-2-The-Power-of-Words新编大学英语第二版第四册教案
Unit 2 The Power of WordsUseful InformationAt any level of society, people who are good with words often have power or influence. The capacity to communicate is a valuable asset in any situation, whether you want to convince, console or encourage others. To be able to use the right words at the right time is both a skill and a gift.We often assume that to be a good communicator you have to be well educated when in fact people from all walks of life can communicate effectively. The most important aspect of the art of communicating is to know or understand one’s audience. Without this sensitivity, it is impossible to choose words that will have the desired impact on the person or people with whom we are speaking.One of the advantages of education is that it often enables one to change levels or registers of language more easily. When speaking to a person in a position of authority, we normally speak differently than we would if we were speaking to a close friend. Education increases our vocabulary and our capacity to switch from one type of language to another. In other words, we can choose to speak in plain and simple language or with complex and sophisticated sentences. Changing registers does not mean, of course, that the content of what we say becomes more or less profound. Just because a person speaks in simple terms (or even incorrectly) does not mean that they are not saying something important and profound. After all, one of the most famous sentences in the English language is extremely simple grammatically but complex from a philosophical point of view: “To be or not to be, that is the question.”In our personal lives, other people’s words can change our mood or even our attitudes. Words are an essential link between friends, relatives, colleagues and acquaintances. Using kind and thoughtful words to maintain and to improve our relationships is one way to contribute to the well-being of others. In today’s fast-paced world, it is often easy to become so involved with one’s daily existence that one forgets to keep in touch with friends, to give words of encouragement to the people around us and to show that we care about them.The written word is even more powerful than the spoken word because it can be kept and treasured as a permanent reminder of a positive gesture on the part of someone we knew or still know. With the advent of e-mail, letter-writing has perhaps made a comeback. Providing one has access to a computer and a modem, keeping in touch with distant friends and colleagues has been made much easier.Part One PREPARATION1. The Sentences That Affected YouSamples:1) —When I left home for college, my mother said to me with tears in her eyes: Take good care of yourself.—I love you.—I admire you.—You are so beautiful.2) —You are stupid.—I don’t love you any more.—You disappointed me.3) —Go on.—I’m sure you’ll succeed.—Wherever you go, I’ll be right there supporting you.2. What Has Happened?Sample:Pat and Tom work in the same office and are good friends too. One day they were having dinner in a restaurant. They were talking about their colleague, Mary. Both of them thought that Mary was a disagreeable person, and not easy to get along with. They even mentioned that once Mary suspected her colleague had stolen her purse, but in fact she had left it in the bus. When they were talking, they didn’t realize that Mary happened to be there, too.Then, Mary stomped angrily out of the restaurant. At that moment, Pat realized that Mary had listened to their conversation and heard what they had been saying about her. Pat was very embarrassed. She put her hand to her mouth, wishing that they hadn’t said anything about her.3. Dialects and Mandarin (Putonghua)1) (open)2) (open)3) Sample answers:—The great majority of Chinese people should be able to speak Mandarin because dialects can be understood only by small groups of people. When we go to a different city, we have to speak Mandarin if we don’t know the local dialect. Otherwise, people won’t understand us and there’ll be a lot of trouble and inconvenience. Not only is Mandarin important for our work and life, it is also important for entertainment. If we don’t understand Mandarin, we won’t be able to enjoy TV programs, radio programs and movies, because they are usually in Mandarin.—To me, dialects are important in many ways. People speaking the same dialect feel close to each other. Usually they are from the same region and have more in common. When you talk about a particular event or custom in your home town, very often you’l l find it hard to express yourself in Mandarin. At that time, you’ll find your dialect has more vivid expressions than Mandarin. Besides, dialects can help you recognize fellow townsmen or fellow provincials. You can identify them by the dialect they speak or the accent they have. Sometimes when you are in difficulty, your dialect can help you find people who’ll give you a hand because you speak the same dialect.Part Two READING-CENTERED ACTIVITIESIn-Class ReadingPre-ReadingSamples:1) —I usually send or receive letters to or from my parents once a month. I have many friends and classmates and we also write each other letters. I am very happy when I receive their letters, and can’t wait to read them. Sometimes I can’t help laughing while reading becau se they tell me a joke or describe something interesting in the letter. After I send a letter, I will wait anxiously for a reply. I hope they enjoy my letters too, for I want to make them feel good.I don’t think people of my age often write letters. Inste ad, we send e-mails to each other almost every day. So the happiest time in a day is when I sit down and check my emailbox after a day’s work. When I read emails, I feel as if I were talking with the writers face-to-face. And at the same time, I can experience many things vicariously and share with them some happy moments in their lives.2) —Yes, I believe people need encouragement and praise. An encouraging word to someone who is down can lift them up and help them make it through the day. I remember very well when I was in middle school there was a speech contest in my school. I wanted to take part in it but I was afraid of making a fool of myself. Then one of my classmates said to me, “This is your chance. Just have a try. What could you lose?” Her words encouraged me so much that I entered the contest and finally won second prize.—There is no doubt that people need encouragement and praise. All of us would like to feel needed and admired. If we didn’t hear any words of encouragement or praise, how could we know that we were valued by people close to us? Besides, when I fail to do something successfully, I’ll feel depressed. If someone can comfort or console me at this moment, and give me encouragement, they’ll probably make a big difference in my life. On the other hand, if I can encourage or cheer my friend, I’ll feel good about myself. So encouragement actually benefits people on both sides.In-Class ReadingWords, Phrases and Grammatical Points1. column inch (l. 6)Column inch is a newspaper term. A page may have several columns. A column has a fixed width. Newspaper space is measured as columns wide times inches tall—column inches. For example, ads are charged per column inch. To determine the size a classified display ad, we multiply the number of columns wide by the number of inches in depth. For example, an ad that is 2 columns wide and that is 5 inches in depth would be 10 column inches.2. “make a habit of…” (l. 9)除了“make a habit of…”, “habit”的其它用法有：be in the habit of doing somethingI) I’m not in the habit of lying to my friends.II) Jeff was in the habit of taking a walk after dinner.get/fall in(to) /out of the habitI) Since I stopped taking lessons, I’ve got out of the habit of practicing my saxophone.II) He had fallen into the habit of having a coffee every time he passed the coffee machine.break the habit of doing somethingI) A new method was developed to help break the habit of smoking.II) In that context, will he break the habit of a lifetime and answer two questions straight?3. a quick, encouraging word (l. 11)Here “word” means “a short statement, especially one that gives advice, information, or a warning”.I) A word to fathers: don’t frighten away your daughter’s friends.II) A good word of advice to students: don’t speak before you think.4. …the paper was flooded with calls and letters… (l. 20)The expression “flood somebody/something with” means “deliver in great quantities for somebody/at something”.I) The office was flooded with complaints.II) He was flooded with joy when his first child was born.5. …have been known to turn around a day. (l. 18-19)More examples using the structure “have been + past participle + to do…”:I) He has been known to be very generous with his time.II) Dr. Smith has been asked several times to perform that operation.6. attach… to (l. 24-25)I) It is unwise to attach too much importance to the information.II) She attached a stamp to the envelope and mailed it.III) This institute is attached to the University of Toronto.7. owe… to…(l. 28)I) I owe my success to him.II) She owed her good health to her regular life.III) I owe it to the doctor that I am still alive.8. ever-ready (l. 28)“ever-” is a prefix meaning “always or continuously”. It is often used with many adjectives an d “ing” verb forms.I) The visit left an everlasting impression on me.II) The leaves of evergreens/evergreen trees are often shaped like needles.III) Perhaps the dread of cancer is ever-present.IV) The government was embarrassed by its ever-growing debt.V) The ever-changing colors of the sea have inspired many artists.3. 1) thrives 2) strategy 3) annual 4) deserve 5) spontaneous6) sincere 7) investments 8) enterprise 9) follow up 10) characterized11) lingered 12) acknowledged4. column: 1) D 2) A 3) B 4) Ctough: 1) D 2) B 3) E 4) F 5) C 6) A5.1) A. complementary B. complimentary C. complimentary complimentary: 1) expressing admiration, praise, etc.2) given free of chargecomplementary: making something complete or perfect; supplying what is lacking or needed for completion2) A. stationery B. stationary C. stationarystationary: not moving, or not changingstationery: writing materials ( paper, envelopes, etc.)3) A. typist B. typewriter C. typisttypewriter: a machine with a keyboard that you use for typing words directly onto a sheet of papertypist: a person who types, especially one employed to do so 4) A. vulgar B. vague C. vague vague: 1)not clearly expressed, known, described or decided 2)not clear in shape; not clearly seenvulgar: not having or showing good taste or good manners; not educated5) A. pad B. pat C. padpad: 1) several sheets of paper fastened together, used for writing, drawing, etc.2) a piece of soft thick cloth or rubber which is used to protect a part of the body, give shape to something or clean something6) A. own B. owed C. owes D. ownedowe: 1) have to pay, for something already done or given2) feel gratefulown: 1) a. belonging to oneself and to no one else2) v. possess (something), especially by lawful right6.1) searched 2) clever 3) solution 4) wasted 5) tolerate 6) hidden 7) dumb 8) subject 9) noise 10) extra 11) purchased 12) replaced 13) appreciation 14) hurried 15) warrant 16) strangePart Three FURTHER DEVELOPMENT1. Enriching Your Word Power1) C 2) A 3) C 4) B 5) B 6) A 7) C 8) A 9) A 10) A2. Writing versus CallingSamples:Situation 3Robert: Hi, Cathy!Cathy: Hi, Robert!Robert: Could you please do me a really big favor? I want to take Sarah to see my grandparents. But unfortunately my motorcycle broke. Could you please lend me yours?Cathy: Hmm…, your grandparents live in the countryside. The roads are bumpy and muddy. You know mine is a brand-new one.Robert: I know that. Rest assured. I will take very good care of it. I won’t break it, I promise. And after I ride it, I’ll clean it.Cathy: That sounds fine. Here is the key.Robert: Thank you very much. I appreciate your kindness.Cathy: Have a good time! But drive carefully. Remember, it’s my motorcycle!Situation 4Linda: Hello. What can I do for you?Customer: Nothing, thanks. I’m just looking.Linda: How about this pair of shoes? They are of high quality.Customer: I don’t want to buy shoes today. Besides, they’re too expensive.Linda: They’re not r eally expensive. The good leather and the workmanship are worth the price.Customer: But I don’t like the color. I prefer black.Linda: Fortunately, we have black. Let me show you.Customer: I must say they look nice.Linda: You bet! Try them on.(The customer tries them on.)Linda: Wow! You look great! They suit you perfectly.Customer: I’ll take them.Linda: Thank you!4. Is a Picture Worth a Thousand Words?Samples:Picture 1: A very ambitious baby.Picture 2: This is how it can feel sometimes when you have to give a speech./Fear of public speaking.Picture 3: Risks in life.Picture 4: Life with… and without…5. All the Good Things(open)6. Racking Your BrainsAs the clock struck thirteen (twelve), Anna came in, wiping her fivehead (forehead). She said, “Look, Bob, you’re intoxinined (intoxicated) again.” Bob looked up, “Be carefive (careful), Anna, you’re talking to an American Air Fivece (Force) officer.”Anna turned aside, “Oh, Officer! It’s twoderful (wonderful). He is two (one). Well, I’m two (one) three (too).”Supplementary Activity I: The Power of WordsDirections: Following is a list of the most dangerous word and the ten most powerful words. Students work in groups to answer the questions below.The most dangerous word:but.The ten most powerful words:Four most important: What do you think?Three most important:I appreciate you!Two most important: Thank you!Single most important:We.1) Do you agree that “but” is the most dange rous word?2) Why do you think these ten words are considered the most powerful? What do you think about them?Supplementary Activity II: This Is MY Film!Step One: Put on a movie clip with the sound off and ask students to watch it carefully.Step Two: Students work in groups to dub the movie clip themselves.Step Three: Students watch the original movie clip and then compare it with their dubbed versions.Part Four WRITING AND TRANSLATION1. Translation Practice1) 另一方面，打电话更快捷，所以当你需要很快得到一个答复时，电话更合适些。
外研社_新编大学英语视听说教程4_Unit2_The_Power_of_Words
外研社,新编大学英语视听说教程4 Un it2 The Power of WordsListe ning & Un dersta ndingListening I: Activities 1,2■丿Li石ten to a story abaut two ians and two Dirtchmen on a train and choose ths best answer to each of Itic questicMis you h^ar on the recording：.\ Click to iKtentf>th« que&tnn.V/here did ttie s-tory take place7(a) ii a theater.(b) in a workplacev «■ fc) On a tram.(d) On a plane.2. Click to lislen tc th& aueMion.'//hat d i:he rwo umcnmen want to know iromthetwo E&igiar^?* a ⑻ How tney managed to trav^t witn only or^e ticket.(b) Wtien they started to travel to work by train-[cj Ho\.v they usuaiy killed time on the train.How far their home io th&ir workplace is.3. Click to listen to the questionHew di: ttie Dutch men fee about the Belg ；ans t^bavicr'?O Indifferent.:?■ m Criticaf.(c) Happy* 0 fd) Approving4. Click to listen to the qu&stionV/rat tfkf che Be^ian do \?hen 3SK&d if he fiad a licK&t?© (a) He kept silent..：■ [b) He told a lie.* a- tc) He told ihe truth.t<±) He showed thein his bdel.£ Click . - to lisien tc the que-sticin.V>ho ^ir.alfy marags-d to tra/ei free cf cbflne>■ [ajTheiwo Belgians* fb) One cf the t:vc Belgians.x o [cJTrt^twc Dutchmen.g) One of the two Dutchmen*Listen to the story again and complete the following summary with the information you get.The hvo Belgians 已jtplamed that v/hen mey neard the tonau 匚to 『 1 刖rii] from tne other end of H IE carriage they（2 _______ th^ir seats, went Into the （3） _______ a nd：4 Q:知 _________ me door When the conductor KnocKetf on trie toilet door saying 1"（5）TlcKets pleasethey （6）pushed one ticket undertrie door It was then 7 sia^rrd and pushed Dacfc under the tloor again.Your answer approaching Jentoilet lockedTickets please pushed stampedCorrect answerapproaching feft toilet focked Tickets please pu&hed stampedA/u. w 3 4 5 6 7i 2 /rlListening II: Activities 1,2Listen io a Japanese talking about her story in ail Ameri 匚自 n university and complete ttie following sentences with tiie informatiQn you get.Your answerCorrect answervdepartment staredepartment storeSix years ago AtsuKo went to me Unitetl States tor^eni : rYour answerCorrect answer vattend collegeattend coilegeAt&uko found life in the United States very chfftciilt ___________ .Youranswer7difficultAt&uko found physicalgjmionYour answerCorrect answervphysical educationphysiceducaHionAtsuko felt £E 「nfiEd _______ because she was asked to hit the ball to her classmates.Listen to the storyand choose whether each of the following statements is1. At&uko works as a salesclerk in a big : n 已nt 空 巳in 」apanCorrect answer difficult匚 la&s very difTicuH4. Your answer7terrified Correct answerterrifiedtrue (T) or fa tee (F)L1 Atsuko Knew a lot 日bout American ire before sine went to the UnitedStates(a) Truey o (t>) False2 AtsuKo vras greatiy encouraged by Deyoung man and succeeded inhitting the hail”u a (a) Truep>) False3 Atsuko thinks of trie words the young man said to her whenever she is in difficulty. y4 (a) T rue(D) False4 Atsuko is sure Wat me young man how much his words meant toner.(a) T ruey a (t>)Fai&e5 The main id^a of the story is that encouragement can worK Era匚I巳sy * (a) True(&) FalseListening III: Activities 1,2Kate Austen is an Australian nurse who has written an elderly lady a letter to thank her for mailing missionary p已亡kege^. Here is the reply the elderly lady &entlo Kate.Listen to the first psrt of the letter and answer the Fcllownig questions.1 How old is the American lady?80 “Suggested 3nsL\e：;8C2. What does she Knit?CapB> sweaters and scarves *w Suggested answerCsps sweaters and scarves3. Who wrote the letter^Th亡elderly lad.y f s daughter-in-la?fSuggestanswerThe elderly lady s daughte--in-Jaw.4. Why couldn't the elderly lady write the letter herself?3-2CE口mm she was bli nd.Suggested answerBetause she shnd.5. H OVJ old was she when stie got married?13Suggested answer ig.6 Where did the couple 训ork fior 40 years*?亡hi naSuggested answerChina7 How many of her children are still alive now?OneSuggested answerOre.8. Where did the elderly lady go after her husband died?Torczita4TSuggested 白n sw&rTorontoListen io the second part of ihe letter and complete the fallowing paragraph with the information you get.wnai I most wanted to say is iriis. For ；'?u ___________ years I have been ；2〕爪卄旧 jjp missionary packages of clothing lood medicine or books. I have 光nt them to (3)_____ of the world.Sometimes 丨 nave received a (4}printed _______ slip oT acknowledgement, sometimes nothing.侍)beftxE In alt the-se years hav 色 I H 合d 呂 (6} (describing thevillage and telling me who arewearing tfie clothing siricl ^hatthey g 白闭 I never thought that in my lifetime I would receive 3 letter like that May G&d i7 ；______Your answer Correct answer60 making up various parts printed Never k>efo-re persona] letter bless you80 / sixty making up various parts printed Never tjelore pers-onal better bless youLI/ \r. 11/ VJ .1>. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 .1. fL- /LY Jck —(V/I zmvListening IV: Activities 1,2Listen to an interview with a woman, talking about sonnettiing she expcrienc&d in S inga pore end complete the following sentences with the rnformation you get.The woman described a :帘口门叮巳厂慎^门口和口 she '.vorKed in Singapore.5 / fiveWhat the assistant ^aid to the woman IH her to:belfeve she had got can 匚色「cancerThe doctor reassured the woman on the phone by F E Hing her everything was [ine .Lrs-ten to the interview in and choose whether each of the following statenn&nU is true(T) or fake (F),1 The woman said that she was scared t>ecause of the pain in her legshe had experienced whe 口Your answerCorrect answer vfnisun derstandingThe woman said she r d had m ‘Tipmisunderstanding on n er left iegYour answerCorrect answerlump / red lumpvlumpAfi^rth^ &per 白tiom the w&man wa& told to return 闇 5 haveher stitches out and get h&r results.days toYour answer Correct answerYour answerCorrect answercancer Your answerfine Correct answerfine7 9(a} True(b) False2 The doctor took tti€ lump to the lab for tests匚(a) Truev 9(b> False3 The Ionian returned to lhe ho&pital six days after the operation.(a) Truew i> (b> False4 The woman described ho>v nervous she Mad t>een when she asKed tor her results # d (a) Tru«(b) False5 The doctor apologtzed on the phone tor his assistants misunderstanding7 o (a> 丁ru£(D) False6 The misu nQf「戏冃nding erose because the assistant tiad mistaKen the woman toranotherpatieniTru-eJ»(b) FalseView ing, Un dersta nding & Speak ingActivities 1,2, 3I Watch a video of four people Trying to help an orphan who wrote a. letter to Godand choose whether eacti of the following statements is true (T) or false (F).1 T QITI wrote a letter to God ir»whrch he 匚omplained about the living conditions inthe orphanage© (a) Truev 4 pi) False2 The orphanage tries to match the best child for the foster parents instead of thebest parents for the childx w(a) True-v f ? (b) False3 According Lo Rosemary, it 'would be a good idea to tell T om that God is lookingfor th e best family for Hirn7 (a) Truex 'B (ti) False4. All except Rosemary agreed that finding a foster family for Tom would be th色bestrepiy to T Cim's letter(a) T RJ&“ @ (D) False5 Fred suggested telling Tom mat he mignt not necessarily t>e happier in a fosterfamily than in the orphanage.j@ (a) True厂(b) raise6 Finally Keith wrote a letter to Torn in God's name in wtiich he explained that GodEs lair because everyone can have tife beliefs and goa5s Tor free.7 4 (a) True(D) FalseWatch the video again and complete the fol lowing sentences with the information you get.1 We receive pl-enty of c ：cioi'：a '.：ons_ of food toys medicine, booksand clothing from c2 .individuals _______________________ ail over thecountry.Your answer Correct answerV⑴donations donations«⑵individuals individuals anOorganizattons/ individualsand organ也白liong2 And we've got 1D volunteers who 门皿EOic■引巴____________ lots ol:2:tiniE and「mgourc世呂to tfie care ot our orphans.Your answer correct answerw (1) dedicate dedicate(2) time and resources time and resources3 W&IL the chtidren now live In _____ a 伫 ___________________ andenvKonmentYour answer Correct answerv fl) Moving lovingv (2) caring caring4 Quite a rew of our kids nave been adopted ar got roster parents but neworphans k巳巳p comirtgYour answer Correct answer7keep coming keep coming6 Maybe Tom can be told Wat the best always comes late and God wiltKeep 阮best for him.Your answer Correct answerKeep the tje&t Keep the best6 Yes. but ft's a white lie and it may make him Z民雄厂曲皿三______________________FiimselfYour answer Carrect answer7 feel better about feel &elter about7 Mo训一he may still want a Worn or a Dad even -vhen he h s been told that hemight nuE 门凯出刘「ih_______ be happy in the new familyYour answer Corred answer7 not necess^riy not necessarlfyB Imagine how he would feet reading the letter!1 It would be aio叮色ly 蓉urpri宜E____ for him.Your answer Correei answer7 lovely surprise lovely surprise§ ]t would need to be a letter that tells Tom the 11 ______ and helps Mis- / !m「：FcT3「Mrig of the way fife really isYour answer Correct answer7(1) truth truthv (2) understanding understanding10」woutd like you to think about these three things because they are the 雋I 冏to a successful fifeYour answer Correct answerv< real key re刮key。
新编大学英语4 unit2 The power of words
3. Dialects and Mandarin
Discuss in pairs the following questions and then report what your partner has said to the class. A possible answer to Question 3 is given for your reference. 1. How many dialects can you speak? What are they?
A sentence can change a day or even your attitude toward life. Work in groups to tell each other.
The sentence that moved you the most. The sentence that encouraged you the most. The sentence that hurt you the most.
Congratulations. What a good beginning. I wish you success.
Task4: The Power of Your Words Directions: Work in pairs to creat a dialogue for each of the following situations. One person does persuading, the other one refusing. Both the request and the excuse must be polite and reasonable.
新编大学英语第二版第四册课后习题答案
Unit1vocabulary2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiori ty4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6 ) a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helplessness 9) a sense of direction 10) a sense of urgency3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encourageme nt7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to be the focus/cent er of attention10) we buy our tickets in advance4. 1) certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior 5) disciplining 6) agreed 7) in dividually 8) first 9) response 10) question 11) attempt 12) voice 13) directly 14) followed 15) troubleUnit2Step OneStep Two1) long-distance 2) upbeat 3) ever-ready 4) overdue 5) typewriter6) milestone 7) handwritten 8) uplifted 9) self-conscious 10) rag-eared 11) birthday 12) throughout 13) drawbacks 14) chairman 15) teenage3. 1) thrives 2) strategy 3) annual 4) deserve 5) spontaneous 6) sincer e7) investments 8) enterprise 9) follow up 10) characterized 11) ling ered12) acknowledged4. column 1) D 2) A 3) B 4) C tough 1) D 2) B 3) E 4) F 5) C 6) A6. 1) searched 2) clever 3) solution 4) wasted 5) tolerate 6) hidden 7) dumb8) subject 9) noise 10) extra 11) purchased 12) replaced 13) appreci ation14) hurried 15) warrant 16) strangeUnit31. Understanding the Organization of the Text1) Introduction (para 1)It has been proven repeatedly that the various types of behavior, emo tions, and interests that constitute being masculine and feminine are patt erned by both heredity and culture.2) There is a cultural bias in education that favors boys over girls. (para. 2-4)Supporting evidenceA. Teachers called on males in class far more than on female students. (para 2)i) Its consequence: This has a tremendous impact on the learning proces s.ii) The reason for this: Active classroom participants develop more positiv e attitudes and go on to higher achievement.iii) Two examples:a. In many of the former all-women’s colleges, the boys were taking ove r the class-room discussions and active participation by women students h ad diminished noticeably.b. A similar subordination of female to male students has also been obse rved in law and medical school classrooms in recent years.B. Teachers assigned boys and girls different tasks according to stereotyp ed gender roles. (para. 3)i) Its consequence: This prevented girls from participating as actively as boys in class.ii) An example: A teacher had the little boys perform the scientific experi ment while the girls were given the task of putting the materials away.C. Gender-biased education is also reflected in the typical American teach er’ assumption. (para 4)i) The assumption: Boys will do better in the hard, masculine subjects o f math and science while girls are expected to have better verbal and rea ding skills.ii) Three examples:a. American boys do develop reading problems, while girls, who are sup erior to boys in math up to the age of nine, fall behind from then on.b. In Germany, all studies are considered masculine and it is girls who d evelop reading problems.c. In Japan, where early education appears to be nonsexist, both girls a nd boys do equally well in reading.3) The educational bias begins at home. (para 5)A. Supporting evidence:i) Boy preschoolers were permitted to go away from home in a much w ider area than girl preschoolers.ii) Boys were encouraged to develop intellectual curiosity and physical sk ills, while girls are filled with fears of the world outside the home and wi th the desire to be approved of for their goodness and obedience to rules.B. The consequence when these lessons carry over from the home to the classroom: Girls are generally observed to be more dependent on the tea cher, more concerned with the form and neatness of their work than its c ontent, and more anxious about being right in their answers than in bein g intellectually independent, analytical, or original.C. Conclusion: Through the educational process that occupies most of the child’s waking hours, society reinforces its established values and turns o ut each sex in its traditional and expected mold.Vocabulary1. 1) genetic 2) assign 3) noticeably 4) approved 5) Bias 6) deprived7) constituted 8) participation 9) unintentional 10) postgraduate3. 1) C 2) D 3) A 4) E 5) B 6) C 7) F 8) Bunit4Reading Comprehension1. 1) Introduction(para 1)It is introduced in the article how teachers and parents can encoura gecreativity in children.2) An important strategy for parents and teachers to follow (para. 2-3)A. The strategy:To encourage children to spend time thinking and developing new id eas.B. The significance for adopting the strategy:If children can be taught to think creatively, they will be better able tofunction in tomorrow’s society.3) The definition of creativity (para. 4-5)A. Who successful students and adults are:Those who can find a number of ways to approach problems.B. What creative people can do:They can use what they have to produce original ideas that are good forsomething.4) A big problem in school (para. 6)The problem: Children can obtain and give back information, but can’t figureout ways to apply what they know in new situations.5) A new approach to teaching (para 7)A. The approach: Combining the basics with the activities where studen ts mustuse their imaginations.B. How to do so: By asking questions and meanwhile praising their ide as andnew thoughts.C. How to facilitate the process: To create an atmosphere in which the re is norisk in being creative-- a place where wild ideas are honored and val ued,never scorned or dismissed.6) Things parents can do at home to encourage creativity (para. 8-10)A. To involve children in decision making.B. To help children to understand the consequences of various decision s.C. To encourage them to talk out loud about things they are doing. Th e reasonfor doing so: Talking out loud improves language skills and thinking skills.D. To show a sense of humor. The reason for doing so: Children can s eecreativity in its purest form.E. To give children choices from their earliest age.Examples:a. When they are very young, let them choose between two food item s forlunch.b. B. When they grow older, let them decide how to use their time or spendtheir money.Vocabulary3. 1) dismiss 2) consequences 3) promoting 4) applies 5) vital 6) scor ned7) conventional 8) original4. 1) consciously 2) innovative 3) unconsciously 4) determined 5) Imagi nation6) aware 7) control 8) created 9) extension 10) technique 11) vulne rable12) unfolding 13) joyful 14) gain 15) ApplyUnit5新编大学英语第二版第四册第五课练习答案Understanding the organization of the text1) Introduction (para. 1)Athletes are chosen to be role models, and they can choose only to be good orbad ones.2) Athletes should be role models. (para. 2-5)The author’s arguments:A. Athletes should not refuse the responsibility of being a role model whil eaccepting all the glory and the money that comes with being a famous athlete.(para. 2)B. I try to be a positive role model, but that doesn’t mean I am perfect. (para. 3)C. Qualities of a positive role model: (para. 4)a. He influences people’s lives in a positive way.b. He gives of himself in time or money to help those who look up to him.c. He displays the values like honesty and determination.D. Athletes cannot take the place of parents, but can help reinforce what parentstry to teach their children. (para. 5)3) People sometimes expect so much that some athletes don’t want to be rolemodes. (para. 6-7)A. Sometimes people put athletes on a pedestal.Example: I have had parents in Utah put my picture on the wall beside JesusChrist. (para. 6)B. Constantly being watched by the public can be hard to tolerate at times.Example: 1: Negative publicity Michael Jordan received about gambling.2. Ever since I played on the Dream Team, I can’t go anywherewithout being the center of attention and I can’t even buy amotorcycle I really want. (para. 7)4) Conclusion (para 8-9)The good things about being a role model outweigh the bad.A. It’s a great feeling to think you are part of the reason that a id decid ed to tryto be good.B. But parents should remind their kids that there are no perfect human beings.C. Charles Barkley is a good role model.Vocabulary2. 1) is bound to 2) follow their lead 3) goes too far/is going too far4) take the place of 5) dropped out 6) have a fit 7) measure up to8) look up to 9) Let’s face it10) you name it3. 1) outgrown 2) outdo 3) outwitted 4) outweigh 5) outlived。
(完整版)Unit2ThePowerofWords新编大学英语第二版第四册课文翻译
Unit 2 The Power of WordsThe Power of a NoteOn my first job as sports editor for the Montpelier (Ohio) Leader Enterprise, I didn't get a lot of fan mail, so I was intrigued by a letter that was dropped on my desk one morning.When I opened it, I read: "A nice piece of writing on the Tigers. Keep up the good work." It was signed by Don Wolfe, the sports editor. Because I was a teenager (being paid the grand total of 15 cents a column inch), his words couldn't have been more inspiring. 11 kept the letter in my desk drawer until it got rag-eared. Whenever I doubted I had the right stuff to be a writer, I would reread Don's note and feel confident again.Later, when I got to know him, I learned that Don made a habit of writing a quick, encouraging word to people in all walks of life. "When I make others feel good about themselves," he told me, "I feel good too."Not surprisingly, he had a body of friends as big as nearby Lake Erie. When he died last year at 75, the paper was flooded with calls and letters from people who had been recipients of his spirit-lifting words.Over the years, I've tried to copy the example of Don and other friends who care enough to write uplifting comments, because I think they are on to something important. In a world too often cold and unresponsive, such notes bring warmth and reassurance. We all need a boost from time to time, and a few lines of praise have been known to turn around a day, even a life.Why, then, are there so few upbeat note writers? My guess is that many who shy away from the practice are too self-conscious. They're afraid they'll be misunderstood, sound sentimental or insincere. Also, writing takes time; it's far easier to pick up the phone.The drawback with phone calls, of course, is that they don't last. A note attaches more importance to our well-wishing. It is a matter of record, and our words can be read more than once, savored and treasured.Even though note writing may take longer, some pretty busy people do it, including George Bush. Some say he owes much of his success in politics to his ever-ready pen. How? Throughout his career he has followed up virtually every contact with a cordial response—a compliment, a line of praise or a nod of thanks. His notes go not only to friends and associates, but to casual acquaintances and total strangers—like the surprised person who got a warm pat on the back for lending Bush an umbrella.Even top corporate managers, who have mostly affected styles of leadership that can be characterized only as tough, cold and aloof, have begun to learn the lesson, and earn the benefits, of writing notes that lift people up. Former Ford chairman Donald Peterson, who is largely credited for turning the company round in the 1980s, made it a practice to write positive messages to associates every day. "I'd just scribble them on a memo pad or the corner of a letter and pass them along," he says. "The most important ten minutes of your day are those you spend doing something to boost the people who work for you."Too often," he observed, "people we genuinely like have no idea how we feel about them. Too often we think, I haven't said anything critical; why do I have to say something positive? We forget that human beings need positive reinforcement—in fact, we thrive on it!"What does it take to write letters that lift spirits and warm hearts? Only a willingness to express our appreciation. The most successful practitioners include what I call the four "S's" of note writing.1) They are sincere. No one wants false praise.2) They are usually short. If you can't say what you want to say in three sentences, you're probably straining3) They are specific. Complimenting a business colleague by telling him "good speech" is too vague; "great story about Warren Buffet's investment strategy" is precise.4) They are spontaneous. This gives them the freshness and enthusiasm that will linger in the reader's mind long afterward.It's difficult to be spontaneous when you have to hunt for letter-writing materials, so I keep paper, envelopes and stamps close at hand, even when I travel. Fancy stationery isn't necessary; it's the thought that counts.So, who around you deserves a note of thanks or approval? A neighbor, your librarian, a relative, your mayor, your mate, a teacher, your doctor? You don't need to be poetic. If you need a reason, look for a milestone, the anniversary of a special event you shared, or a birthday or holiday. For the last 25 years, for example, I've prepared an annual Christmas letter for long-distance friends, and I often add a handwritten word of thanks or congratulations. Acknowledging some success or good fortune that has happened during the year seems particularly appropriate considering the spirit of the Christmas season.Be generous with your praise. Superlatives like "greatest," "smartest," "prettiest" make us all feel good. Even if your praise is a little ahead of reality, remember that expectations are often the parents of dreams fulfilled.Today I got a warm, complimentary letter from my old boss and mentor, Norman Vincent Peale. His little note to me was full of uplifting phrases, and it sent me to my typewriter to compose a few overdue letters of my own. I don't know if they will make anybody else's day, but they made mine. As my friend Don Wolfe said, making others feel good about themselves makes me feel good too.便笺的力量1 我当体育编辑，最早是为蒙比利埃（俄亥俄州）的《企业导报》工作，当时我很少收到体育迷的来信。
新编大学英语2第四册课文翻译
新编大学英语2第四册课文翻译Unit 1课内阅读参考译文享受幽默——什么东西令人开怀?1 听了一个有趣的故事会发笑、很开心，古今中外都一样。
这一现象或许同语言本身一样悠久。
那么，到底是什么东西会使一个故事或笑话让人感到滑稽可笑的呢?2 我是第一次辨识出幽默便喜欢上它的人，因此我曾试图跟学生议论和探讨幽默。
这些学生文化差异很大，有来自拉丁美洲的，也有来自中国的。
我还认真地思考过一些滑稽有趣的故事。
这么做完全是出于自己的喜好。
3 为什么听我讲完一个笑话后，班上有些学生会笑得前仰后合，而其他学生看上去就像刚听我读了天气预报一样呢?显然，有些人对幽默比别人更敏感。
而且，我们也发现有的人很善于讲笑话，而有的人要想说一点有趣的事却要费好大的劲。
我们都听人说过这样的话：“我喜欢笑话，但我讲不好，也总是记不住。
”有些人比别人更有幽默感，就像有些人更具有音乐、数学之类的才能一样。
一个真正风趣的人在任何场合都有笑话可讲，而且讲了一个笑话，就会从他记忆里引出一连串的笑话。
一个缺乏幽默感的人不可能成为一群人中最受欢迎的。
一个真正有幽默感的人不仅受人喜爱，而且在任何聚会上也往往是人们注意的焦点。
这么说是有道理的。
4 甚至有些动物也具有幽默感。
我岳母从前经常来我们家，并能住上很长一段时间。
通常她不喜欢狗，但却很喜欢布利茨恩——我们养过的一条拉布拉多母猎犬。
而且，她们的这种好感是相互的。
布利茨恩在很小的时候就常常戏弄外祖母。
当外祖母坐在起居室里她最喜欢的那张舒适的椅子上时，布利茨恩就故意把她卧室里的一只拖鞋叼到起居室，并在外祖母刚好够不到的地方蹦来跳去，一直逗得外祖母忍不住站起来去拿那只拖鞋。
外祖母从椅子上一起来，布利茨恩就迅速跳上那椅子，从它那闪亮的棕色眼睛里掠过一丝拉布拉多式的微笑，无疑是在说：“啊哈，你又上了我的当。
”5 典型的笑话或幽默故事由明显的三部分构成。
第一部分是铺垫(即背景)，接下来是主干部分(即故事情节)，随后便是妙语(即一个出人意料或令人惊讶的结尾)。
全新版大学英语第二版第四单元答案
The author employees an engaging writing style, using variable presence structure and language to keep the reader interested
Text B Analysis of Article Content and Structure
Content Overview
Text B offers a different perspective on the same topic, providing additional insights and examples to broad the reader's understanding
Detailed explanation
02 and recommendation of the text
Text A Analysis of Article Content and Structure
01
Content Overview
Text A provides a comprehensive overview of the topic,
Oral expression and
04 communication ability cultivation
Types of oral tasks and demonstration of examples
Dialogue completion
Role play
Provide a dialogue with missing parts and ask students to complete it based on the context
全新版大学英语(第二版)第四册课文A翻译
全新版大学英语(第二版)第四册课文A翻译他们说骄傲先于失败。
就拿破仑和希特勒而言，这是我第一次能够做任何事情。
以拿破仑和希特勒为例。
他们是不可战胜的，他们认为自己是不可战胜的，不可阻挡的。
但是俄罗斯冰雪卫士证明他们错了。
9冰雪卫士9尼拉·史密斯1 1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率领大军进入俄罗斯。
他为保卫祖国的俄罗斯人民的激烈抵抗做好了准备。
他准备好了穿越俄罗斯国土前往首都莫斯科的长征。
但是他没有为在莫斯科遇到的毁灭性的敌人做好准备——俄罗斯寒冷刺骨的冬天。
1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率领军队入侵俄国他准备好了，俄罗斯人民将勇敢战斗，保卫他们的祖国。
他准备长途跋涉穿越俄罗斯广袤的领土，进入首都莫斯科。
然而，他没有想到他会在莫斯科遇到他的劲敌——俄罗斯的寒冷和严冬。
2 1941年，纳粹德国领导人阿道夫·希特勒对当时被称为俄罗斯的苏联发动了攻击。
希特勒的军事力量无与伦比。
他的战争机器已经扫除了欧洲大部分地区的抵抗力量。
希特勒期待一场短暂的战役，但在1941年，纳粹德国国家元首阿道夫·希特勒袭击了当时被称为苏联的俄罗斯。
希特勒的军事力量是不可战胜的他的战争机器扫除了欧洲大部分地区的抵抗。
希特勒想要速战速决，但是，像他之前的拿破仑一样，他吸取了痛苦的教训。
帮助苏联士兵的仍然是俄罗斯的冬天拿破仑的战役1812年春天，拿破仑在俄罗斯边境集结了一支60万人的军队。
士兵们训练有素，效率高，装备精良。
这支军队被称为大陆军。
拿破仑对速战速决充满信心，1812年春天，拿破仑在俄罗斯边境驻扎了60万军队。
这些士兵训练有素，战斗能力强，装备精良。
这支军队叫做军队。
拿破仑对他的马的成功充满信心，并预言在五周内占领俄罗斯。
不久后，拿破仑的军队越过内曼河进入俄罗斯。
拿破仑所期待的快速、决定性的胜利从未发生。
令他惊讶的是，俄国人拒绝站出来战斗。
相反，他们向东撤退，不久拿破仑的军队越过内曼河进入俄罗斯。
新编大学英语book4 unit2 TextA 课文
Unit2 The Power of WordsThe Power of a Note1.On my first job as sports editor for the Montpelier(Ohio) Leader Enterprise, I didn'tget a lot of fan mail, so I was intrigued by a letter that was dropped on my desk one morning2.When I opened it, I read: "A nice piece of writing on the Tigers. Keep up the goodwork. "It was signed by Don Wolfe, the sports editor. Because I was a teenager (being paid the grand total of 15 cents a column inch), his words couldn't have been more inspiring. l kept the letter in my desk drawer until it got rag-eared Whenever I doubted I had the right stuff to be a writer, I would reread Don's note and feel confident againter, when I got to know him, I learned that Don made a habit of writing a quickencouraging word to people in all walks of life. "When I make others feel good about themselves, he told me, I feel good too.4.Not surprisingly, he had a body of friends as big as nearby Lake Erie. When he diedlast year at 75, the paper was flooded with calls and letters from people who had been recipients of his spirit-lifting words5.Over the years, Ive tried to copy the example of Don and other friends who careenough to write uplifting comments, because I think they are on to something important. In a world too often cold and unresponsive, such notes bring warmth and reassurance. We all need a boost from time to time, and a few lines of praise have been known to turn around a day, even a life.6.Why, then, are there so few upbeat note writers? My guess is that many who shyaway from the practice are too self-conscious. They’re afraid they’ll be misunderstood, sound sentimental or insincere. Also, writing takes time; it’s far easier to pick up the phone.7.The drawback with phone calls, of course, is that they don’t last. A note attachesmore importance to our well-wishing. It is a matter of record, and our words can be read more than once, savored and treasured8.Even though note writing may take longer, some pretty busy people do it,including George Bush. Some say he owes much of his success in politics to his ever-ready pen. How? Throughout his career he has followed up virtually every contact with a cordial response-a compliment, a line of praise or a nod of thanks.His notes go not only to friends and associates, but to casual acquaintances and total strangers-like the surprised person who got a warm pat on the back for lending Bush an umbrella.9.Even top corporate managers, who have mostly affected styles of leadership thatcan be characterized only as tough, cold and aloof, have begun to learn the lesson, and earn the benefits, of writing notes that lift people up. Former Ford chairman Donald Peterson who is largely credited for turning the company round in the 19bos, made it a practice to write positive messages to associates every day. "I’d just scribble them on a memo pad or the corner of a letter and pass them along, "he says.” The most important ten minutes of your day are those you spend doing something to boost the people who work for you.10.Too often, he observed, people we genuinely like have no idea how we feel aboutobserved, "people we genuinely like have no idea how we feel about them. Too often we think, I haven't said anything critical; why do I have to say something positive? We forget that human beings need positive reinforcement-in fact, we thrive on it!”11.What does it take to write letters that lift spirits and warm hearts? Only awillingness to express our appreciation. The most successful practitioners include what I call the four “S’s” of note writing.12.1) They are sincere. No one wants false praise.13.2) They are usually short. If you can't say what you want to say in three sentences,you're probably straining14.3) They are specific. Complimenting a business colleague by telling him "goodspeech" is too vague; "great story about Warren Buffet s investment strategy" is precise.15.4) They are spontaneous. This gives them the freshness and enthusiasm that willlinger in the reader's mind long afterward.16.It's difficult to be spontaneous when you have to hunt for letter-writing materials,so I keep paper, envelopes and stamps close at hand, even when I travel. Fancy stationery isn't necessary; it's the thought that counts.17.So, who around you deserves a note of thanks or approval? A neighbor, yourlibrarian, a relative, your mayor, your mate, a teacher, your doctor? You don’t need to be poetic. If you need a reason, look for a milestone, the anniversary of a special event you shared, or a birthday or holiday. For the last 25 years, for example, I’ve prepared an annual Christmas letter for long-distance friends, and I often add a handwritten word of thanks or congratulations. Acknowledging some success or good fortune that has happened during the year seems particularly appropriate considering the spirit of the Christmas season18.Be generous with your praise. Superlatives like "greatest, ""smartest, ""prettiestmake us all feel good. Even if your praise is a little ahead of reality, remember that expectations are often the parents of dreams fulfilled.19.Today I got a warm, complimentary letter from my old boss and mentor, NormanVincent Peale. His little note to me was full of uplifting phrases, and it sent me to my typewriter to compose a few overdue letters of my own. I don't know if they will make anybody else's day, but they made mine. As my friend Don Wolfe said, making others feel good about themselves makes me feel good too.。